CN108642410A - A kind of process improving aluminum alloy plate materials comprehensive mechanical property - Google Patents
A kind of process improving aluminum alloy plate materials comprehensive mechanical property Download PDFInfo
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- CN108642410A CN108642410A CN201810469790.6A CN201810469790A CN108642410A CN 108642410 A CN108642410 A CN 108642410A CN 201810469790 A CN201810469790 A CN 201810469790A CN 108642410 A CN108642410 A CN 108642410A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/02—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of sheets
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of process of aluminum alloy plate materials comprehensive mechanical property, which includes the following steps：Stock, soaking, multiaxis forging, machine add, milling face, heat, dividing temperature section deformation, heat treatment, aligning, sawing etc., wherein it includes following procedure to divide temperature section to deform：Forging stock after heating is subjected to high temperature rolling, medium temperature hot compression in hot-rolling mill, the plank after hot compression is transferred on hot-rolling mill and carries out middle temperature rolling, the deflection of cold rolling system, control cold rolling is 10% or so of general working rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aluminium alloy forming and technical field of heat treatment more particularly to a kind of raising 2A14 aluminum alloy plate materials are comprehensive
Close the process of mechanical property.
Background technology
2A14 aluminium alloys belong to Al-Cu-Mg series high strength wrought alloys, as important aerospace, ship and traffic
Transport structural material has many advantages, such as that processing performance is good, and thermoplasticity is good and operating temperature is higher, be mainly used for it is heat-resisting can
The structural member of weldering, complex-shaped forging, precision die forgings and plank etc..In the prior art, the routine of 2A14 aluminum alloy plate materials
Process is to carry out hot rolling to the aluminium alloy cast ingot after homogenizing annealing, is sheared after hot rolling, aligns simultaneously press quenching, quenched
Pre-stretching or cold rolling are carried out according to production after fire, finally carry out timeliness and finishing, the conjunction obtained by this process
Payment organization is uneven, coarse grains, and deposits the incomplete problem of precipitated phase after heat treatment, causes material property unstable,
Mechanical property is relatively low.It is steady to preparing high-strength and high ductility and performance with the rapid development of state aviation space flight and communications and transportation industry
More stringent requirements are proposed for fixed aluminium alloy sheet, due to large-sized aluminium alloy ingot casting there are nonuniform organization, coarse grains and
It is uneven to there is deformation using pair rolling manufacturing process, it is difficult to the problem rolled in phenomena such as component segregation.It is forged by multiaxis
It makes base and temperature section is divided to roll, apply big plastic deformation to alloy pig, to promote the abundant broken and dissolving of last phase, change
Kind microstructure and crystal grain thinning obtain the excellent 2A14 aluminium alloys of structure property to improve the comprehensive mechanical property of material
Plank.
Invention content
The applicant is directed to the disadvantage in above-mentioned existing production technology, provides a kind of raising 2A14 aluminum alloy plate materials resultant forces
The process of performance is learned, this process treated aluminum alloy plate materials intensity and plasticity are improved simultaneously, and plate face is put down
Whole, even tissue is tiny.
To achieve the above object, a kind of process improving aluminum alloy plate materials comprehensive mechanical property disclosed by the invention,
Used process includes the following steps：
(1) it stocks up：By the aluminum alloy square ingot casting of semi-continuous casting according to technological requirement sawing, raw material are obtained；
(2) soaking：By raw material obtained by step (1) in room temperature shove charge, it is heated to 490 ± 5 DEG C and keeps the temperature 6-12 hours；Then
Continue heating and be heated to 530 ± 5 DEG C to keep the temperature 4 hours, then be cooled to 460 ± 5 DEG C of heat preservations and carry out homogenization heat treatment in 2 hours, obtains
Homogenization heat treatment raw material；
(3) multiaxis forges：Homogenization heat treatment raw material obtained by step (2) are forged, ensure that initial forging temperature is
420-460 DEG C, final forging temperature >=400 DEG C carry out five upsettings four on 3600T hydraulic presses and pull out multiaxis hammer cogging, the multiaxis forging
The process of making is：First Z-direction jumping-up 1 time, then X is to pulling, jumping-up 2 times, Y-direction pulling, jumping-up 1 time, finally Z-direction pulling, jumping-up 1 again
It is secondary, and smooth forging stock shape, obtain forging stock；
(4) machine adds, milling face, heats：By forging stock dye penetrant inspection obtained by step (3), the forging defect on each surface of forging stock is cleared up,
Milling face simultaneously ensures that the forging stock room temperature shove charge after machine plus milling face is heated to 440 ± 5 DEG C by the depth of parallelism on two surfaces of Y-direction or more,
Forging stock must be heated；
(5) temperature section is divided to deform：Divide temperature section to deform heating forging stock obtained by step (4), including following procedure, was segmented
Cheng Yi carries out high temperature rolling, obtains the strip plate after hot rolling；Strip plate after hot rolling is transferred on hydraulic press and carries out by fragmentation procedure two
Medium temperature thermal pressure simulation；Fragmentation procedure three, middle warm compression deformation carry out middle temperature rolling again after the completion, and plate is cooled to room temperature；Point
Section process four, plate carry out cold rolling deformation again after being cooled to room temperature, the plank after must rolling.
(6) it is heat-treated：By the plank after rolling obtained by step (5), room temperature shove charge be heated to 400 ± 3 DEG C of heat preservation 30min into
Row Short-time Annealing at High-temperature, then 500 ± 3 DEG C are continuously heating to 50 DEG C/h heating rates, heat preservation carries out solid solution water quenching in 3-6 hours,
Two-stage time effect is carried out in 3 hours after being taken out in quenching water, obtains heat treatment plank；
(7) aligning, sawing：Heat treatment plank obtained by step (6) is air-cooled to room temperature, using straightener to plate after cooling
Material is aligned, and plank is sawed into finished size with sawing machine after trimming processing.
The soaking method of preferred step (2) of the present invention is three-level homogenization heat treatment, is warming up to from 490 ± 5 DEG C
530 ± 5 DEG C of time is 2 hours, and the time for being cooled to 460 ± 5 DEG C from 530 ± 5 DEG C is 4 hours.
In preferred step (3) multiaxis forging process of the present invention X to each pulling, Upsetting amount be 40%-
50%, Y-direction pulls out every time, Upsetting amount is 45%-55%, and Z-direction pulls out every time, Upsetting amount is 50%-60%.
Preferred step (5) of the present invention divides temperature section to deform, including following procedure：Fragmentation procedure one, after heating
Forging stock carry out high temperature rolling in hot-rolling mill, ensure hot finishing temperature >=380 DEG C, high temperature rolling deflection is general working rate
50%-60% obtains the strip plate after hot rolling；Strip plate after hot rolling is transferred to progress medium temperature hot pressing on hydraulic press by fragmentation procedure two
Contracting, for control hot compression temperature at 280-320 DEG C, hot compression finishing temperature >=280 DEG C, medium temperature thermal pressure simulation amount is general working rate
10%；Plank after medium temperature hot compression is transferred on hot-rolling mill and carries out middle temperature rolling by fragmentation procedure three, and plate temperature is rolled in control
It it is 180-220 DEG C, hot finishing temperature >=180 DEG C, middle temperature rolling deflection is the 10% of general working rate, and plank is cooled to room temperature；
Fragmentation procedure four, the plank being cooled to room temperature carry out cold rolling system, and control cold rolling deflection is the 10% of general working rate, is obtained
Plank after rolling.
The general working rate that preferred step (5) of the present invention divides temperature section to deform is 80%-90%.
The quenching water temperature of preferred step (6) of the present invention is 45 ± 2 DEG C, and the quenching-in water time is 3-20min, twin-stage
Timeliness is：First order timeliness, plank room temperature shove charge is warming up to 90-110 DEG C and keeps the temperature 1-3h, air-cooled；Second level timeliness, plank to temperature
Shove charge keeps the temperature 4-8h at 150-160 DEG C, air-cooled after completion of prescription.
The frock clamps such as preheating chopping block to 300-350 DEG C, open by forging before preferred step (6) multiaxis forging of the present invention
It is forged with the square chopping block more than maximum forging stock appearance and size in forging process when base.
In forging stock and die surface, uniformly coating has height when preferred step (5) of the present invention divides temperature stage to deform
Absorptivity and the nano lubricating agent for having lubricating action.
Preferred aluminum alloy plate materials of the present invention are 2A14 aluminum alloy plate materials.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
The process of the raising 2A14 aluminum alloy plate materials comprehensive mechanical properties of the present invention, forges base by multiaxis and divides
Temperature section deforms the uniformity that can improve deformation, increases the dislocation accumulation in crystal grain, promotes coarse last phase broken and dissolving,
Sheet material forming and by the crystallite dimension fine uniform after heat treatment, intensity and plasticity are improved.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1：Divide temperature section deformation technique schematic diagram for the present invention.
Fig. 2：For the heat treatment process schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3：Aluminum alloy plate materials micro-organization chart after being heat-treated for the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, detailed description of embodiments of the present invention.
Embodiment 1：A kind of process improving 2A14 aluminum alloy plate materials comprehensive mechanical properties is as follows：
(1) it stocks up：By by the aluminum alloy square ingot casting of semi-continuous casting according to weight and size needed for technological requirement sawing,
The preceding marking pen of forging is marked in blank end face, to distinguish three directions when forging, obtains raw material；
(2) soaking：Raw material obtained by step (1) are warming up to 490 ± 5 DEG C in room temperature shove charge by power (≤150 DEG C/h)
Heat preservation 7.5 hours；Then 530 ± 5 DEG C were warming up to by 2 hours, keep the temperature 4 hours, 460 ± 5 DEG C was cooled to using 4 hours,
It keeps the temperature 2 hours at this temperature and carries out homogenization heat treatment, and ensure the uniformity of furnace temperature, heat treatment raw material must be homogenized；
(3) multiaxis forges：Homogenization heat treatment raw material obtained by step (2) are forged, it is 420 to keep initial forging temperature
DEG C~460 DEG C, final forging temperature >=400 DEG C carry out five upsettings four on 3600T hydraulic presses and pull out multiaxis hammer cogging, the multiaxis forging
The process of making is：First axial (Z-direction) jumping-up 1 time, deflection are 55% or so；Then X is to pulling, jumping-up 2 times, every time pulling, upsetting
Thick deflection is 45% or so；Y-direction pulling, jumping-up 1 time pull out every time, the deflection of jumping-up is 50% or so；Last Z again
To pulling, jumping-up 1 time, every time pulling, jumping-up deflection be 55% or so, smooth forging stock shape after forging is entire to forge
The pushing speed of upper chopping block is 30mm/s or so during making, and should melt down heating in time if forging stock temperature is less than 400 DEG C, obtain
Forging stock；
(4) machine adds, milling face, heats：By forging stock dye penetrant inspection obtained by step (3), the forging defect on each surface of forging stock is cleared up,
Such as oxide skin on forging stock surface, layering, folding and crackle, milling face and the depth of parallelism for ensureing two surfaces of Y-direction or more, by machine
Add, the forging stock room temperature shove charge behind milling face, be heated to 440 ± 5 DEG C, keeps the temperature 4 hours, obtain heating forging stock；
(5) temperature section is divided to deform：Divide temperature section to deform heating forging stock obtained by step (4), including following procedure, was segmented
Cheng Yi carries out high temperature rolling, obtains the strip plate after hot rolling；Strip plate after hot rolling is transferred on hydraulic press and carries out by fragmentation procedure two
Medium temperature thermal pressure simulation；Fragmentation procedure three, middle warm compression deformation carry out middle temperature rolling again after the completion, and plate is cooled to room temperature, plate
Material carries out cold rolling deformation again after being cooled to room temperature, the plank after must rolling, and the general working rate for dividing temperature section to deform is
80%-90%；Fragmentation procedure four, it is specific as follows：Forging stock after heating is carried out high temperature rolling by fragmentation procedure one in hot-rolling mill,
Ensure that hot finishing temperature >=380 DEG C, high temperature rolling deflection are the 50%-60% of general working rate, point 3 passages are averagely rolled into
Shape, and when adjusting lower temperature section middle temperature rolling the frock clamps such as roll temperature to 150 DEG C -200 DEG C；Fragmentation procedure two, will be warm
Strip plate after rolling is transferred to progress medium temperature hot compression on hydraulic press, and at 280 DEG C -320 DEG C, hot compression ends control hot compression temperature
Temperature >=280 DEG C, medium temperature compression deformation are 10% or so of general working rate；Fragmentation procedure three turns the plank after hot compression
It moves to and carries out middle temperature rolling on milling train, it is 180 DEG C -220 DEG C that plate temperature is rolled in control, and hot finishing temperature >=180 DEG C, middle temperature rolling becomes
Shape amount is 10% or so of general working rate, the forming of 1 passes；Fragmentation procedure four carries out when hot rolled plate is cooled to room temperature
Cold rolling system requires to shape by 2 passes according to finished product thickness, and control cold rolling deflection is general working rate
10%；
(6) it is heat-treated：By the plank after rolling obtained by step (5), room temperature shove charge is heated to by power (≤150 DEG C/h)
400 ± 3 DEG C of heat preservation 30min carry out Short-time Annealing at High-temperature, then are continuously heating to 500 ± 3 DEG C with 50 DEG C/h heating rates, heat preservation 3
Hour carries out solid solution water quenching, and quenching shift time 7s, quenching water temperature is 45 ± 2 DEG C, and cool time 10min takes out from water
After air-drying two-stage time effect is carried out in 3 hours：First order timeliness：Plank room temperature shove charge is warming up to 100 DEG C and keeps the temperature 2h, air-cooled；Second
Grade timeliness, plank arrive warm shove charge, the heat preservation 5h at 157 DEG C, air-cooled after completion of prescription, obtain heat treatment plank；
(7) aligning, sawing：Heat treatment plank obtained by step (6) is air-cooled to room temperature, using straightener to plate after cooling
Material is aligned, and plank is sawed into finished size with sawing machine after trimming processing.
Wherein, in the deformation process of step 3, the frock clamps such as preheating chopping block are to 300-350 DEG C before multiaxis forging, forging
It is forged with the square chopping block more than maximum forging stock appearance and size in forging process when cogging, with the uniformity of raising deformation and together
Step property；In aluminium alloy strip plate and die surface, uniformly coating with high-absorbility and has lubrication when step 6 divides temperature stage to deform
The nano lubricating agent of effect；
As shown in figure 3, being the aluminum alloy plate materials micro-organization chart after heat treatment, it is observed that aluminum alloy plate materials tissue is equal
It is even and fine small.At the same time, Mechanics Performance Testing is carried out to the aluminum alloy plate materials after heat treatment, mechanical property is tensile strength
462.3MPa, yield strength 363.5MPa, elongation percentage 16.3%, hardness 127HBS, properties can meet aerospace neck
The requirement in domain.
Above description is explanation of the invention, is not the restriction to invention, limited range of the present invention is referring to right
It is required that within protection scope of the present invention, any type of modification can be made.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of process improving aluminum alloy plate materials comprehensive mechanical property, which is characterized in that the process includes following
Step：
(1) it stocks up：By the aluminum alloy square ingot casting of semi-continuous casting according to technological requirement sawing, raw material are obtained；
(2) soaking：By raw material obtained by step (1) in room temperature shove charge, it is heated to 490 ± 5 DEG C and keeps the temperature 6-12 hours；It then proceedes to
Heating is heated to 530 ± 5 DEG C and keeps the temperature 4 hours, then is cooled to 460 ± 5 DEG C of heat preservations and carries out homogenization heat treatment in 2 hours, obtains uniformly
Change heat treatment raw material；
(3) multiaxis forges：Homogenization heat treatment raw material obtained by step (2) are forged, guarantee initial forging temperature is 420-460
DEG C, final forging temperature >=400 DEG C carry out five upsettings four on 3600T hydraulic presses and pull out multiaxis hammer cogging, the multiaxis forging process
For：First Z-direction jumping-up 1 time, then X is to pulling, jumping-up 2 times, Y-direction pulling, jumping-up 1 time, finally Z-direction pulling, jumping-up 1 time again, and
Smooth forging stock shape, obtains forging stock；
(4) machine adds, milling face, heats：By forging stock dye penetrant inspection obtained by step (3), the forging defect on each surface of cleaning forging stock, milling face
And ensure that the forging stock room temperature shove charge after machine plus milling face is heated to 440 ± 5 DEG C, must added by the depth of parallelism on two surfaces of Y-direction or more
It is hot-forged base；
(5) temperature section is divided to deform：Temperature section is divided to deform heating forging stock obtained by step (4), including following procedure, fragmentation procedure
One, high temperature rolling is carried out, the strip plate after hot rolling is obtained；Strip plate after hot rolling is transferred in being carried out on hydraulic press by fragmentation procedure two
Warm compressive deformation；Fragmentation procedure three, middle warm compression deformation carry out middle temperature rolling again after the completion, and plate is cooled to room temperature；Segmentation
Process four, plate carry out cold rolling deformation again after being cooled to room temperature, the plank after must rolling；
(6) it is heat-treated：By the plank after rolling obtained by step (5), room temperature shove charge is heated to 400 ± 3 DEG C of heat preservation 30min and carries out height
Warm short-cycle annealing, then be continuously heating to 500 ± 3 DEG C with 50 DEG C/h heating rates, heat preservation carries out solid solution water quenching in 3-6 hours, from quenching
Two-stage time effect is carried out in 3 hours after being taken out in fiery water, obtains heat treatment plank；
(7) aligning, sawing：Heat treatment plank obtained by step (6) is air-cooled to room temperature, using straightener to plank after cooling into
Plank is sawed into finished size by row aligning after trimming processing with sawing machine.
2. improving the process of aluminum alloy plate materials comprehensive mechanical property according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly the soaking method of (2) is three-level homogenization heat treatment, and the time for being warming up to 530 ± 5 DEG C from 490 ± 5 DEG C is 2 hours, from 530
± 5 DEG C of times for being cooled to 460 ± 5 DEG C are 4 hours.
3. improving the process of aluminum alloy plate materials comprehensive mechanical property according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly X to each pulling, Upsetting amount is 40%-50% in (3) multiaxis forging process, and Y-direction pulls out every time, Upsetting amount is
45%-55%, Z-direction pulls out every time, Upsetting amount is 50%-60%.
4. improving the process of aluminum alloy plate materials comprehensive mechanical property according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly (5) divide temperature section to deform, including following procedure：Forging stock after heating is carried out high temperature rolling by fragmentation procedure one in hot-rolling mill,
Ensure that hot finishing temperature >=380 DEG C, high temperature rolling deflection are the 50%-60% of general working rate, obtains the strip plate after hot rolling；Segmentation
Strip plate after hot rolling is transferred on hydraulic press progress medium temperature hot compression by process two, control hot compression temperature at 280-320 DEG C,
Hot compression finishing temperature >=280 DEG C, medium temperature thermal pressure simulation amount are the 10% of general working rate；Fragmentation procedure three, by medium temperature hot pressing
Plank after contracting, which is transferred on hot-rolling mill, carries out middle temperature rolling, and it is 180-220 DEG C that plate temperature is rolled in control, hot finishing temperature >=180
DEG C, middle temperature rolling deflection is the 10% of general working rate, and plank is cooled to room temperature；Fragmentation procedure four, the plank being cooled to room temperature
The cold rolling system of progress, control cold rolling deflection are the 10% of general working rate, the plank after must rolling.
5. improving the process of aluminum alloy plate materials comprehensive mechanical property according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly the general working rate that (5) divide temperature section to deform is 80%-90%.
6. improving the process of aluminum alloy plate materials comprehensive mechanical property according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly the quenching water temperature of (6) is 45 ± 2 DEG C, and the quenching-in water time is 3-20min, and two-stage time effect is：First order timeliness, plank room temperature
Shove charge is warming up to 90-110 DEG C and keeps the temperature 1-3h, air-cooled；Second level timeliness, plank keep the temperature 4-8h at 150-160 DEG C to warm shove charge,
It is air-cooled after completion of prescription.
7. improving the process of aluminum alloy plate materials comprehensive mechanical property according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly preheating frock clamp is to 300-350 DEG C before the forging of (6) multiaxis, with being more than maximum forging stock shape in forging process when hammer cogging
The square chopping block of size is forged.
8. improving the process of aluminum alloy plate materials comprehensive mechanical property according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly in forging stock and the uniform coated with nano lubricant of die surface when (5) divide temperature stage to deform.
9. improving the process of aluminum alloy plate materials comprehensive mechanical property, feature according to claim 1-8 any one of them
It is, the aluminum alloy plate materials are 2A14 aluminum alloy plate materials.
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| CN111748757A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-10-09 | 陕西宏远航空锻造有限责任公司 | Process method for improving electrical conductivity and mechanical property of 7075 aluminum alloy |
| CN113355613A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-07 | 江苏瑞吉达建材科技有限公司 | Production process for improving comprehensive performance of aluminum alloy plate |
| CN114433758A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-05-06 | 中南大学 | Forging processing method of high-silver aluminum alloy and high-silver aluminum alloy forging |
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| CN111748757A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-10-09 | 陕西宏远航空锻造有限责任公司 | Process method for improving electrical conductivity and mechanical property of 7075 aluminum alloy |
| CN113355613A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-07 | 江苏瑞吉达建材科技有限公司 | Production process for improving comprehensive performance of aluminum alloy plate |
| CN114433758A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-05-06 | 中南大学 | Forging processing method of high-silver aluminum alloy and high-silver aluminum alloy forging |
| CN114433758B (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-11-29 | 中南大学 | Forging processing method of high-silver aluminum alloy |
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