CN108890218A - A kind of high strength heat resistant alloy forge piece manufacturing process - Google Patents
A kind of high strength heat resistant alloy forge piece manufacturing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN108890218A CN108890218A CN201810470267.5A CN201810470267A CN108890218A CN 108890218 A CN108890218 A CN 108890218A CN 201810470267 A CN201810470267 A CN 201810470267A CN 108890218 A CN108890218 A CN 108890218A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
- B21H1/06—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution rings of restricted axial length
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of high strength heat resistant alloy forge piece manufacturing process, which includes the following steps：Stock, heating, multiaxis forging, machining, heating, saddle support reaming, heating, rolling ring, machining, annealing, solution hardening, cold pressing deformation, timeliness etc., wherein three temperature sections of milling ring technological process point carry out rolling system：First temperature section, 420-450 DEG C of deformation temperature, feed rate of idle roll 0.2-0.5mm/s, deflection 20%-25%；Second temperature section, 300-340 DEG C of deformation temperature, feed rate of idle roll 0.1-0.3mm/s, deflection 10%；Third temperature section, 200-240 DEG C of deformation temperature, feed rate of idle roll 0.05-0.2mm/s, deflection 10%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aluminium alloy rings forming and heat treatment process, more particularly to one kind to be suitable for 2219 high strength heat resistants
The manufacturing process of alloy ring forging.
Background technique
2000 be high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy with density is small, specific strength is high, heat resistance is good, corrosion-resistant, processing performance is good, easy
The features such as being recovered and is heat-treatable strengthened is aircraft and the light-weighted preferred material of spacecraft.In recent years, aerospace skill
Demand of the development of art to aluminum alloy ring forging-ring increasingly increases severely, and the consistency and stability to product structure property propose more next
Higher requirement.In production, unstable mechanical property after 2219 aluminum alloy forge pieces are formed and are heat-treated is especially radially and axial
Elongation is relatively low, and technical requirements are not achieved, so as to cause scrap of the product, the biggish economic loss such as machining waste.2219
Aluminum alloy ring forging is mainly used as the connector of Aeronautics and Astronautics and guided missile etc., and when work bears higher temperature and biggish dynamic
Load, it is desirable that ring forging cut, axis, diameter all have higher strong plasticity on three directions, therefore increase molding difficulty.State at present
The manufacturing process of interior 2219 aluminum alloy ring forging be to aluminium alloy carry out homogenizing annealing, after reheating carry out flat-die forging,
Ring is rolled in punching, reaming, then carries out T852 heat treatment, although intensity effectively improves, but still it is inclined easily radial extent rate occur
It is low to cause the underproof situation of product；In addition, needing repeatedly to melt down heating in forming process, great energy consumption is caused.Therefore,
Urgent need solves the problems, such as in terms of moulding process and heat treatment process, is used for requiring to meet aerospace field.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has carried out Improvement for the disadvantage in above-mentioned existing production technology, provides a kind of structurally reasonable
2219 aluminum alloy forge piece manufacturing process of high-strength temperature-resistant, effectively reduces the anisotropy of aluminum alloy ring forging structure property, improves
The comprehensive mechanical property and temperature capacity of product.
To achieve the above object, a kind of high strength heat resistant alloy forge piece manufacturing process disclosed by the invention, used work
Skill scheme includes the following steps：
(1) it stocks up：H112 state aluminum alloy round bar is required into sawing according to technique, obtains raw material；
(2) it heats：By raw material obtained by step (1) in room temperature shove charge, it is heated to 530 ± 5 DEG C and keeps the temperature 4 hours；Then it drops
Temperature to 490 ± 5 DEG C keep the temperature 2 hours, obtain soaking raw material；
(3) multiaxis forges：Soaking raw material obtained by step (2) are forged, initial forging temperature is 460-490 DEG C, finish-forging
Temperature >=420 DEG C carry out three upsettings two on 3600T hydraulic press and pull out multiaxis hammer cogging, and the forging process is：First Z-direction jumping-up 1
Secondary, then X is to upsetting pull 1 time, Y-direction upsetting pull 1 time, and then chamfered edge, round as a ball, jumping-up, planar end surface, last punching obtain blank after punching；
(4) it machines, heat：Blank after punching obtained by step (3) is air-cooled to room temperature, clears up ring billet with horizontal lathe
After surfaces externally and internally defect, ring billet room temperature shove charge keeps the temperature 2-4h after being heated to 470 ± 5 DEG C, obtains ring billet；
(5) saddle support reaming, heating：Using being preheated to 400 ± 5 DEG C of plug for ring billet reaming obtained by step (4) to technique
Ring billet after reaming is melted down again and keeps the temperature 2-4h after being heated to 450 ± 5 DEG C, must melt down ring billet by size；
(6) ring is rolled over：Using 5 meters of diameter axial direction numerical control rolling machines with the feed rate of idle roll of 0.05mm/s-0.5mm/s in 200-
Ring billet will be melted down in 450 DEG C of temperature sections obtained by step (5) and rolles over ring to process, the ring for the system of must rolling over；
(7) it machines, anneal, solution hardening：The ring that step (6) roll over system is transferred to ground to lay flat, to completely cooling
After machine upper and lower end face, by the ring room temperature shove charge after machining, after keeping the temperature 30min after being heated to 450 ± 3 DEG C, with 50 DEG C/
H heating rate is continuously heating to 535 ± 3 DEG C of solid solution heat preservation 3h, quenches 50-60 DEG C of water temperature, cool time 15-20min, quenching turns
Shift time≤10s, the ring forging after obtaining solution hardening；
(8) cold pressing deformation：Ring forging after solution hardening obtained by step (7) is subjected to the cold deformation of 6-7% axial direction, must be cold-pressed
Ring forging afterwards；
(9) timeliness：Ring forging after cold pressing obtained by step (8) is kept the temperature 10-15h to carry out under the conditions of 170 ± 2 DEG C of temperature
Ageing treatment；
In preferred step (2) of the present invention from 530 ± 5 DEG C be cooled to 500 ± 5 DEG C used in the time be 2 hours.
The deflection of upsetting pull is 60%-65% every time in preferred step (3) multiaxis forging process of the present invention, is pushed
Speed 25-35mm/s.
The deflection of saddle support reaming described in preferred step (5) of the present invention is that the ring billet after punching is total to ring forging
The 25%-30% of deflection.
Three temperature sections of milling ring technological process point carry out rolling system in preferred step (6) of the present invention：First temperature section, deformation
420-450 DEG C of temperature, feed rate of idle roll 0.2-0.5mm/s, deflection 20%-25%；Second temperature section, deformation temperature 300-
340 DEG C, feed rate of idle roll 0.1-0.3mm/s, deflection 10%；Third temperature section, 200-240 DEG C of deformation temperature, core roller into
Give speed 0.05-0.2mm/s, deflection 10%.
Per overlapping rate >=50% for being cold-pressed position twice in preferred step (8) cold pressing deformation of the present invention.
Tool is uniformly coated in aluminium alloy ring billet and die surface when preferred step (3) of the present invention, (5), (6) deformation
There is high-absorbility and has the nano lubricating agent of lubricating action；
Preferred aluminum alloy forge piece of the present invention is 2219 aluminum alloy forge pieces.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：Multistage homogeneous heat treatment technology, multiaxis hammer cogging technology, horse of the present invention by optimization
Frame counter-boring techniques divide temperature section rolling loop technique, Short-time Annealing at High-temperature and cold deformation technology effectively to dissolve and be crushed transgranular, crystal boundary
Last phase regulates and controls transgranular, Grain Boundary Precipitates, improves the comprehensive mechanical property and temperature capacity of aluminum alloy ring forging, and the present invention is logical
It crosses and progressive solution processing, multiaxis hammer cogging, ring billet when improving saddle support reaming is carried out to H112 state (hot-working state) extruded bar stock
Deflection to 25%-30%, and point three temperature sections carry out rolling system to ring billet, to keep ring forging deflection consistent, and become
Shape is full and uniform, cut, axis, diameter generate biggish plastic deformation on three directions, it is coarse to have effectively facilitated transgranular and crystal boundary
The abundant of last phase is crushed and is uniformly distributed, so that the anisotropy of alloy structure performance reduces；It is moved back in subsequent high temperature, short time
Fire promotes second in tissue mutually to realize that preferably dissolution, Deformation structure recrystallize with solution treatment, effectively improves forging
The directionality of part fibr tissue；Transgranular and Grain Boundary Precipitates size is finally regulated and controled by biggish cold pressing deformation and ageing treatment again
And the spread, keep the comprehensive mechanical property of alloy all directions up to standard, and be closer to, is also beneficial to improve the resistance to thermal energy of alloy
Power.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1：Divide temperature section milling ring technological process schematic diagram for of the invention.
Fig. 2：For heat treatment process schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 3：For the present invention heat treatment after aluminum alloy ring forging cut, diameter, three directions of axis micro-organization chart, wherein
It (a) is tangential；It (b) is axial；It (c) is radial.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, detailed description of embodiments of the present invention.
Embodiment 1：A kind of 2219 aluminum alloy forge piece manufacturing process of high-strength temperature-resistant is as follows：
(1) it stocks up：The 2219 aluminium alloy extruded round bars of H112 state (hot-working state) Φ 300 are required into weight according to technique
590 ± 5mm of sawing forges preceding marking pen and marks in blank end face, to distinguish three directions when forging, obtains raw material；
(2) it heats：By raw material obtained by step (1) in room temperature shove charge, 530 ± 5 DEG C are warming up to by power (≤150 DEG C/h)
4h is kept the temperature, then 2h is kept the temperature after 2 hours are cooled to 490 ± 5 DEG C and carries out forging preceding heating, and guarantee the uniformity of furnace temperature, obtain
Soaking raw material；
(3) multiaxis forges：Soaking raw material obtained by step (2) are forged, keeping initial forging temperature is 460~490 DEG C,
Final forging temperature >=420 DEG C carry out three upsettings two on 3600T hydraulic press and pull out multiaxis hammer cogging, and the forging process is：It is first axial
(Z-direction) jumping-up is to 230 ± 3mm, and then X is to pulling to 590 ± 3mm, X to jumping-up to 230 ± 3mm, and Y-direction pulls out to 590 ±
3mm, Y-direction jumping-up to 230 ± 3mm, then chamfered edge, round as a ball, Z-direction jumping-up to 200 ± 3mm, finally use and are preheated to 350 ± 5 DEG C
200 formed punch punching of Φ, and smooth upper and lower end face, to 200 ± 3mm, the pushing speed of upper chopping block is in multiaxis forging process
30mm/s or so obtains blank after punching；
(4) it machines, heat：Blank after punching obtained by step (3) is air-cooled to room temperature, clears up ring with horizontal lathe etc.
After the defects of oxide skin of base surfaces externally and internally and upper and lower end face, layering, folding and crackle, ring billet room temperature shove charge, it is heated to 470 ±
2.5h is kept the temperature after 5 DEG C, obtains ring billet；(5) saddle support reaming, heating：Using being preheated to 400 ± 5 DEG C of Ф 200mm plug to step
(4) gained ring billet carries out reaming to 130 ± 5mm of wall thickness, wherein the deflection of saddle support reaming be after punching ring billet to ring forging at
Ring billet after reaming is melted down again and keeps the temperature 2.5h after being heated to 450 ± 5 DEG C, must melt down ring billet by the 26% of shape total deformation；Into
When row saddle support reaming, the radial-deformation of ring, reduces radial-deformation when rolling over ring, to drop when improving saddle support reaming as far as possible
The anisotropy of low-alloy structure property；
(6) ring is rolled over：Using 5 meters of diameter axial direction numerical control rolling machines with the feed rate of idle roll of 0.05mm/s-0.5mm/s in 200-
Ring billet will be melted down in 450 DEG C of temperature sections obtained by step (5) and rolles over ring to process, the ring for the system of must rolling over；Specifically temperature section is divided to roll over
It is made as：First temperature section after ring billet is come out of the stove on fast transfer to Ring Rolling Machine, carries out deflection in 420-450 DEG C of temperature range
Shape is made for the rolling of 20%-25%, the feed rate of idle roll in this stage is 0.2-0.5mm/s；Second temperature section, to ring billet surface
The rolling that deflection is 10% being carried out when being cooled to 320 ± 5 DEG C, shape being made, the feed rate of idle roll in this stage is 0.1-0.3mm/s；
Third temperature section carries out the rolling that deflection is 10% when ring billet surface cooling is to 220 ± 5 DEG C and shape is made, the core roller in this stage
Feed speed is 0.05-0.2mm/s, and rolling over the thermal state sizes after making is 775 ± 5mm × 175 950 ± 5mm/ of Ф Ф ± 5mm；
(7) it machines, anneal, solution hardening：The ring that step (6) roll over system is transferred to ground to lay flat, to completely cooling
Upper and lower end face is machined afterwards to 170 ± 1mm；By the ring room temperature shove charge after machining, 30min is kept the temperature after being heated to 450 ± 3 DEG C
Afterwards, 535 ± 3 DEG C of solid solution heat preservation 3h are continuously heating to the heating rate of 50 DEG C/h, being transferred to quenching water temperature in 10s after solid solution is
In 55 ± 2 DEG C of sinks, the quenching water-inlet time is 15min, and in quenching process, water circulation system maximum power is opened, and
Ring forging all submergence under the premise of constantly up and down, the ring forging that swings guarantee quenching cooling effect, after obtaining solution hardening
Ring forging；
(8) cold pressing deformation：Ring forging after solution hardening obtained by step (7) is carried out to 6.4% or so axial cold deformation,
Wherein per overlapping rate >=50% of chopping block depressed position twice, the ring forging after must being cold-pressed；
(9) timeliness：When ring forging after cold pressing obtained by step (8) is kept the temperature 12h progress under the conditions of 170 ± 2 DEG C of temperature
Effect processing.
Need to preheat all mold (including upper and lower chopping block, formed punches, reaming core used in the forming process of this technique
Stick, roll etc.), and uniformly coat in aluminium alloy ring billet and die surface with high-absorbility and have the nano lubricating of lubricating action
Agent.
As shown in figure 3, be the micro-organization chart in the tangential of aluminum alloy ring forging after being heat-treated, axial direction, radial three directions,
It can be observed that the microscopic structure of aluminum alloy ring forging all directions is up to standard, homogeneous grain size, and be closer to.It is same with this
When, Mechanics Performance Testing is carried out to three directions of aluminum alloy ring forging after heat treatment, result is as shown in table 1 below：
Ring forging mechanical property after table 1 is heat-treated
It can be seen that the tensile strength through aluminum alloy ring forging obtained by above-mentioned manufacturing process from the above experimental data to reach
390MPa or more, yield strength reach 290MPa or more, and hardness reaches 120HB or more, and elongation percentage is 4.5% or more, at 250 DEG C
High temperature also has preferable mechanical property, and the properties in three directions are able to satisfy the requirement of aerospace field.
Above description is explanation of the invention, is not intended to limit the invention, and limited range of the present invention is referring to right
It is required that within protection scope of the present invention, any type of modification can be made.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of high strength heat resistant alloy forge piece manufacturing process, which is characterized in that the technique includes the following steps：
(1) it stocks up：H112 state aluminum alloy round bar is required into sawing according to technique, obtains raw material；
(2) it heats：By raw material obtained by step (1) in room temperature shove charge, it is heated to 530 ± 5 DEG C and keeps the temperature 4 hours；Then it is cooled to
490 ± 5 DEG C keep the temperature 2 hours, obtain soaking raw material；
(3) multiaxis forges：Soaking raw material obtained by step (2) are forged, initial forging temperature is 460-490 DEG C, final forging temperature
>=420 DEG C, three upsettings two are carried out on 3600T hydraulic press and pull out multiaxis hammer cogging, the forging process is：First Z-direction jumping-up 1 time,
Then X is to upsetting pull 1 time, Y-direction upsetting pull 1 time, and then chamfered edge, round as a ball, jumping-up, planar end surface, last punching obtain blank after punching；
(4) it machines, heat：Blank after punching obtained by step (3) is air-cooled to room temperature, inside and outside horizontal lathe cleaning ring billet
After surface defect, ring billet room temperature shove charge keeps the temperature 2-4h after being heated to 470 ± 5 DEG C, obtains ring billet；
(5) saddle support reaming, heating：Using being preheated to 400 ± 5 DEG C of plug for ring billet reaming obtained by step (4) to process,
Ring billet after reaming is melted down to 2~4h of heat preservation after being heated to 450 ± 5 DEG C again, ring billet must be melted down；
(6) ring is rolled over：Using 5 meters of diameter axial direction numerical control rolling machines with the feed rate of idle roll of 0.05mm/s-0.5mm/s in 200-450
Ring billet will be melted down in DEG C temperature section obtained by step (5) and rolles over ring to process, must roll over the ring made；
(7) it machines, anneal, solution hardening：The ring that step (6) roll over system is transferred to ground to lay flat, the machine after cooling down completely
Upper and lower end face is processed, by the ring room temperature shove charge after machining, after keeping the temperature 30min after being heated to 450 ± 3 DEG C, with 50 DEG C/h liter
Warm speed is continuously heating to 535 ± 3 DEG C of solid solution heat preservation 3h, quenches 50-60 DEG C of water temperature, cool time 15-20min, quenching transfer
Time≤10s, the ring forging after obtaining solution hardening；
(8) cold pressing deformation：Ring forging after solution hardening obtained by step (7) is subjected to the cold deformation of 6-7% axial direction, after must being cold-pressed
Ring forging；
(9) timeliness：Ring forging after cold pressing obtained by step (8) is kept the temperature into 10-15h under the conditions of 170 ± 2 DEG C of temperature and carries out timeliness
Processing.
2. high strength heat resistant alloy forge piece manufacturing process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (2)
From 530 ± 5 DEG C be cooled to 500 ± 5 DEG C used in the time be 2 hours.
3. high strength heat resistant alloy forge piece manufacturing process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (3) is more
The deflection of each upsetting pull is 60%-65% in axis forging process, pushes speed 25-35mm/s.
4. high strength heat resistant alloy forge piece manufacturing process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (5)
The deflection of the saddle support reaming is 25%-30% of the ring billet after punching to ring forging total deformation.
5. high strength heat resistant alloy forge piece manufacturing process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (6)
Three temperature sections of milling ring technological process point carry out rolling system：First temperature section, 420-450 DEG C of deformation temperature, feed rate of idle roll 0.2-
0.5mm/s, deflection 20%-25%；Second temperature section, 300-340 DEG C of deformation temperature, feed rate of idle roll 0.1-0.3mm/s,
Deflection 10%；Third temperature section, 200-240 DEG C of deformation temperature, feed rate of idle roll 0.05-0.2mm/s, deflection 10%.
6. high strength heat resistant alloy forge piece manufacturing process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (8) is cold
Per overlapping rate >=50% for being cold-pressed position twice in compressive strain.
7. high strength heat resistant alloy forge piece manufacturing process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (3),
(5), nano lubricating agent is uniformly applied in aluminium alloy ring billet and die surface when (6) deform.
8. high strength heat resistant alloy forge piece manufacturing process according to claim 1-7, which is characterized in that the aluminium
Alloy forged piece is 2219 aluminum alloy forge pieces.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109338257A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-02-15 | 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of method of aluminum alloy forge piece and the uniformity for improving aluminum alloy forge piece |
| CN109622873A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-16 | 天津航天长征技术装备有限公司 | A kind of 2219 aluminium alloy rings fine grain manufacturing process |
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| CN110026525A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-19 | 襄阳润欣圆锻造有限公司 | A kind of three generations's hub bearing inner ring forging method |
| CN110144533A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-08-20 | 中南大学 | A method of regulation coarse second phase of 2219 aluminium alloy rings |
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| CN114309443A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-12 | 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 | Preparation method of 6061T6 forged ring |
| CN114226614A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-25 | 无锡派克新材料科技股份有限公司 | Deformation control method for aluminum alloy with difficult deformation and high elongation |
| CN114226614B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2024-04-19 | 无锡派克新材料科技股份有限公司 | Deformation control method for difficult-deformation high-elongation aluminum alloy |
| CN114799031A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-07-29 | 无锡神意环件法兰有限公司 | Production process and application of forging for tire mold |
| CN116967724A (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2023-10-31 | 陕西长羽航空装备股份有限公司 | Forming method of large-diameter high-cylinder thin-wall forging for manufacturing aeroplane parts |
| CN116967724B (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2023-12-05 | 陕西长羽航空装备股份有限公司 | Forming method of large-diameter high-cylinder thin-wall forging for manufacturing aeroplane parts |
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