CN109020494A - 一种复合透水砖的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种复合透水砖的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109020494A CN109020494A CN201811078373.5A CN201811078373A CN109020494A CN 109020494 A CN109020494 A CN 109020494A CN 201811078373 A CN201811078373 A CN 201811078373A CN 109020494 A CN109020494 A CN 109020494A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- permeable brick
- parts
- preparation
- composite water
- water permeable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-ol;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229940036811 bone meal Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002374 bone meal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009514 concussion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- RCEAADKTGXTDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N OS(O)(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC[Na] Chemical group OS(O)(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC[Na] RCEAADKTGXTDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N schardinger α-dextrin Chemical compound O1C(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(O)C2O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC2C(O)C(O)C1OC2CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- CADZRPOVAQTAME-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;hydroxy phosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OOP([O-])([O-])=O CADZRPOVAQTAME-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- AJSHDAOMUKXVDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine;sulfuric acid Chemical group CCCC[NH3+].OS([O-])(=O)=O AJSHDAOMUKXVDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 glazed tile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/138—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues from metallurgical processes, e.g. slag, furnace dust, galvanic waste
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/1305—Organic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/131—Inorganic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/1315—Non-ceramic binders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1321—Waste slurries, e.g. harbour sludge, industrial muds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1324—Recycled material, e.g. tile dust, stone waste, spent refractory material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1328—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues without additional clay
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
- C04B38/063—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B38/0635—Compounding ingredients
- C04B38/0645—Burnable, meltable, sublimable materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
- C04B38/063—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B38/0635—Compounding ingredients
- C04B38/0645—Burnable, meltable, sublimable materials
- C04B38/0675—Vegetable refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. wood chips, cork, peat, paper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
- C04B2235/443—Nitrates or nitrites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
- C04B2235/447—Phosphates or phosphites, e.g. orthophosphate or hypophosphite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
- C04B2235/449—Organic acids, e.g. EDTA, citrate, acetate, oxalate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种复合透水砖的制备方法,属于建筑材料技术领域。本发明以煤矸石、高炉渣作为基础材料,通过盐酸除杂及扩大空隙处理,在使用表面活性剂及物理助磨的方法,对颗粒进行活化,通过活化提高颗粒的活性,再将其与海泥、动物骨粉等进行混合,利用分散剂提高原料的充分分散混合,在煅烧过程中,首先海泥形成类陶瓷颗粒,并且通过辅助剂中的竹屑及添加剂的分解产生的气体进行造孔,形成孔隙,其次动物骨粉形成了骨炭,增加了生物活性,提高透水性,最后羟基磷酸钙与原料中的碳酸钙进行结合形成合成骨炭,进一步增加了活性,并且钛酸四丁酯分解产生二氧化硅,提高透水砖的自清洁作用,并且负载部分铁元素,提高孔隙清洁能力,提高透水效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种复合透水砖的制备方法,属于建筑材料技术领域。
背景技术
目前城市广场、商业街、人行道、社区活动地、停车场等的地面主要用 花岗岩、大理石、釉面砖、水泥和柏油等不透水的材质铺设,不透水的地面对城市环境的危害非常大。下雨时,不透水地面完全阻止了雨水直接渗透入地,满地积水使人们的出行变得很不方便;宝贵的水资源最后随着排水管道流走,加重了城市排水设施的负担;雨水的大量流失导致地下水位难以回升,直接影响到城市植被的健康,使得城市中的地表植物难以正常生长,加重市政绿化负担;雨水的大量流失进一步加重城市的干旱、缺水问题。
目前市场上的一些透水砖主要原料采用陶瓷或混凝土,陶瓷透水砖要采用大量的矿土资源,原料的开采造成对环境的破坏,陶瓷型透水砖生产工艺复杂,而且陶瓷基砖在成型烧结时需要耗费大量的能源,成本高,生产效率低,环保投入大,一次性投资规模大;混凝土透水砖虽然成本低,但现有的混凝土透水砖表面的颗粒粗大(一般骨料颗粒粒径为3mm~6mm),靠表面的大孔隙透水,空隙率在20%以上,容易被灰尘堵死,因此不能持续保持高的透水性能;而且由于空隙较大,其用于水过滤效果也较差。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题:针对目前透水砖孔隙率低,透水效果差的问题,本发明提供了一种复合透水砖的制备方法。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用如下所述的技术方案是:
一种复合透水砖的制备方法,该制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)取混合废渣、盐酸溶液按质量比1:4~6搅拌混合,过滤,将滤渣、表面活性剂按质量比10~13:1放入进行球磨,收集球磨混合物;
(2)按重量份数计,取90~100份球磨混合物、70~80份水、30~40份海泥、20~23份动物骨粉、15~18份硝酸铁、9~11份辅助剂、8~12份分散剂、3~6份添加剂,将球磨混合物、水、海泥、动物骨粉混合均匀,收集混合物;
(3)将混合物、硝酸铁、辅助剂、分散剂及添加剂进行超声震荡,收集震荡混合物,放入制砖机中进行挤压,得透水砖坯料;
(4)将透水砖坯料放入静置室中,在氢气和氮气气按摩尔比2:5混合成的混合气中静置,再放入窑炉中进行烧结,烧结温度为1100~1200℃,冷却至室温,即得复合透水砖。
所述步骤(1)中混合废渣为煤矸石、高炉渣按质量比3~5:2~6混合碾磨而成。
所述步骤(1)中表面活性剂为十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基二甲基溴化铵中的任意一种。
所述动物骨粉为猪骨、鸡骨按质量比4~7:2~5放入粉碎机中进行粉碎,过筛,收集过筛颗粒,即得骨粉。
所述分散剂为硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸钠中的任意一种。
所述辅助剂为羟基磷酸钙、竹屑、钛酸四丁酯按质量比3~6:1:3混合而成。
所述添加剂为四丁基硫酸氢铵、环糊精中任意一种。
本发明与其他方法相比,有益技术效果是:
本发明以煤矸石、高炉渣作为基础材料,通过盐酸除杂及扩大空隙处理,在使用表面活性剂及物理助磨的方法,对颗粒进行活化,通过活化提高颗粒的活性,再将其与海泥、动物骨粉等进行混合,利用分散剂提高原料的充分分散混合,在使用辅助剂与原料进行混合,在煅烧过程中,首先海泥形成类陶瓷颗粒,并且通过辅助剂中的竹屑及添加剂的分解产生的气体进行造孔,形成孔隙,增加孔隙率,其次动物骨粉形成了骨炭,增加了生物活性,提高透水性,最后羟基磷酸钙与原料中的碳酸钙进行结合形成合成骨炭,进一步增加了活性,并且钛酸四丁酯分解产生二氧化硅,提高了透水砖的自清洁作用,并且负载部分铁元素,提高孔隙清洁能力,提高透水效果。
具体实施方式
混合废渣为煤矸石、高炉渣按质量比3~5:2~6混合碾磨而成。
表面活性剂为十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基二甲基溴化铵中的任意一种。
动物骨粉为猪骨、鸡骨按质量比4~7:2~5放入粉碎机中进行粉碎,过200目筛,收集过筛颗粒,即得骨粉。
分散剂为硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸钠中的任意一种。
辅助剂为羟基磷酸钙、竹屑、钛酸四丁酯按质量比3~6:1:3混合而成。
添加剂为四丁基硫酸氢铵、环糊精中任意一种。
一种复合透水砖的制备方法,该制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)取混合废渣、0.6mol/L盐酸溶液按质量比1:4~6搅拌混合30min,过滤,将滤渣、表面活性剂按质量比10~13:1放入球磨机中以600r/min进行球磨25min,收集球磨混合物;
(2)按重量份数计,取90~100份球磨混合物、70~80份水、30~40份海泥、20~23份动物骨粉、15~18份硝酸铁、9~11份辅助剂、8~12份分散剂、3~6份添加剂,将球磨混合物、水、海泥、动物骨粉混合均匀,收集混合物;
(3)将混合物、硝酸铁、辅助剂、分散剂及添加剂进行超声震荡70min,收集震荡混合物,放入制砖机中以8MPa进行挤压,得透水砖坯料;
(4)将透水砖坯料放入静置室中,在氢气和氮气气按摩尔比2:5混合成的混合气中静置15min,再放入窑炉中进行烧结,烧结温度为1100~1200℃,冷却至室温,即得复合透水砖。
混合废渣为煤矸石、高炉渣按质量比5:6混合碾磨而成。
表面活性剂为十二烷基二甲基溴化铵。
动物骨粉为猪骨、鸡骨按质量比7:5放入粉碎机中进行粉碎,过200目筛,收集过筛颗粒,即得骨粉。
分散剂为硬脂酸钠。
辅助剂为羟基磷酸钙、竹屑、钛酸四丁酯按质量比6:1:3混合而成。
添加剂为四丁基硫酸氢铵。
一种复合透水砖的制备方法,该制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)取混合废渣、0.6mol/L盐酸溶液按质量比1:6搅拌混合30min,过滤,将滤渣、表面活性剂按质量比13:1放入球磨机中以600r/min进行球磨25min,收集球磨混合物;
(2)按重量份数计,取100份球磨混合物、80份水、40份海泥、23份动物骨粉、18份硝酸铁、11份辅助剂、12份分散剂、6份添加剂,将球磨混合物、水、海泥、动物骨粉混合均匀,收集混合物;
(3)将混合物、硝酸铁、辅助剂、分散剂及添加剂进行超声震荡70min,收集震荡混合物,放入制砖机中以8MPa进行挤压,得透水砖坯料;
(4)将透水砖坯料放入静置室中,在氢气和氮气气按摩尔比2:5混合成的混合气中静置15min,再放入窑炉中进行烧结,烧结温度为1200℃,冷却至室温,即得复合透水砖。
混合废渣为煤矸石、高炉渣按质量比4:5混合碾磨而成。
表面活性剂为十二烷基二甲基溴化铵。
动物骨粉为猪骨、鸡骨按质量比5:3放入粉碎机中进行粉碎,过200目筛,收集过筛颗粒,即得骨粉。
分散剂为硬脂酸镁。
辅助剂为羟基磷酸钙、竹屑、钛酸四丁酯按质量比5:1:3混合而成。
添加剂为环糊精。
一种复合透水砖的制备方法,该制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)取混合废渣、0.6mol/L盐酸溶液按质量比1:5搅拌混合30min,过滤,将滤渣、表面活性剂按质量比12:1放入球磨机中以600r/min进行球磨25min,收集球磨混合物;
(2)按重量份数计,取95份球磨混合物、75份水、32份海泥、22份动物骨粉、17份硝酸铁、10份辅助剂、10份分散剂、5份添加剂,将球磨混合物、水、海泥、动物骨粉混合均匀,收集混合物;
(3)将混合物、硝酸铁、辅助剂、分散剂及添加剂进行超声震荡70min,收集震荡混合物,放入制砖机中以8MPa进行挤压,得透水砖坯料;
(4)将透水砖坯料放入静置室中,在氢气和氮气气按摩尔比2:5混合成的混合气中静置15min,再放入窑炉中进行烧结,烧结温度为1150℃,冷却至室温,即得复合透水砖。
混合废渣为煤矸石、高炉渣按质量比3:2混合碾磨而成。
表面活性剂为十二烷基硫酸钠。
动物骨粉为猪骨、鸡骨按质量比4:2放入粉碎机中进行粉碎,过200目筛,收集过筛颗粒,即得骨粉。
分散剂为硬脂酸镁。
辅助剂为羟基磷酸钙、竹屑、钛酸四丁酯按质量比3:1:3混合而成。
添加剂为四丁基硫酸氢铵。
一种复合透水砖的制备方法,该制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)取混合废渣、0.6mol/L盐酸溶液按质量比1:4搅拌混合30min,过滤,将滤渣、表面活性剂按质量比10:1放入球磨机中以600r/min进行球磨25min,收集球磨混合物;
(2)按重量份数计,取90份球磨混合物、70份水、30份海泥、20份动物骨粉、15份硝酸铁、9份辅助剂、8份分散剂、3份添加剂,将球磨混合物、水、海泥、动物骨粉混合均匀,收集混合物;
(3)将混合物、硝酸铁、辅助剂、分散剂及添加剂进行超声震荡70min,收集震荡混合物,放入制砖机中以8MPa进行挤压,得透水砖坯料;
(4)将透水砖坯料放入静置室中,在氢气和氮气气按摩尔比2:5混合成的混合气中静置15min,再放入窑炉中进行烧结,烧结温度为1100℃,冷却至室温,即得复合透水砖。
对比例市售的透水砖。
透水砖空隙率测定将试件完全浸泡在清水中24h后,测试水中试件的质量(m1),然后把试件取出,在空气中干燥24h后测量其质量(m2),透水砖空隙率P(这里指开口总空隙率)可通过式P =[1-(m1-m2)/ρw·V] ×100% 计算,式中,V为试件的体积,cm3;ρw为水的密度,g/cm3;试件的质量用美国双杰电子秤JJ5000Y(量程5000g)测量,精确到0.1g;试件的尺寸采用游标卡尺测量,精确到1mm。
参考《透水砖》(JC/T945-2005)标准来测定透水砖的透水系数和抗压强度。
测试结果如表1
表1
7d抗压强度/MPa | 透水系数/(mm·s-1) | 孔隙率/% | |
实施例1 | 56.3 | 5.78 | 33.3 |
实施例2 | 59.2 | 6.42 | 35.3 |
实施例3 | 58.4 | 5.83 | 32.4 |
对比例 | 28.3 | 1.73 | 19.6 |
综上可得,本发明的复合透水砖具有较好的透水效果。
Claims (7)
1.一种复合透水砖的制备方法,其特征在于,该制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)取混合废渣、盐酸溶液按质量比1:4~6搅拌混合,过滤,将滤渣、表面活性剂按质量比10~13:1放入进行球磨,收集球磨混合物;
(2)按重量份数计,取90~100份球磨混合物、70~80份水、30~40份海泥、20~23份动物骨粉、15~18份硝酸铁、9~11份辅助剂、8~12份分散剂、3~6份添加剂,将球磨混合物、水、海泥、动物骨粉混合均匀,收集混合物;
(3)将混合物、硝酸铁、辅助剂、分散剂及添加剂进行超声震荡,收集震荡混合物,放入制砖机中进行挤压,得透水砖坯料;
(4)将透水砖坯料放入静置室中,在氢气和氮气气按摩尔比2:5混合成的混合气中静置,再放入窑炉中进行烧结,烧结温度为1100~1200℃,冷却至室温,即得复合透水砖。
2.根据权利要求1所述复合透水砖的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中混合废渣为煤矸石、高炉渣按质量比3~5:2~6混合碾磨而成。
3.根据权利要求1所述复合透水砖的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中表面活性剂为十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基二甲基溴化铵中的任意一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述复合透水砖的制备方法,其特征在于,所述动物骨粉为猪骨、鸡骨按质量比4~7:2~5放入粉碎机中进行粉碎,过筛,收集过筛颗粒,即得骨粉。
5.根据权利要求1所述复合透水砖的制备方法,其特征在于,所述分散剂为硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸钠中的任意一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述复合透水砖的制备方法,其特征在于,所述辅助剂为羟基磷酸钙、竹屑、钛酸四丁酯按质量比3~6:1:3混合而成。
7.根据权利要求1所述复合透水砖的制备方法,其特征在于,所述添加剂为四丁基硫酸氢铵、环糊精中任意一种。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201811078373.5A CN109020494A (zh) | 2018-09-17 | 2018-09-17 | 一种复合透水砖的制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201811078373.5A CN109020494A (zh) | 2018-09-17 | 2018-09-17 | 一种复合透水砖的制备方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN109020494A true CN109020494A (zh) | 2018-12-18 |
Family
ID=64622513
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201811078373.5A Pending CN109020494A (zh) | 2018-09-17 | 2018-09-17 | 一种复合透水砖的制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN109020494A (zh) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110041099A (zh) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-07-23 | 安徽昆蒙新型建材有限公司 | 一种轻质环保空心砖及其制备方法 |
CN111229794A (zh) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-06-05 | 褚乃博 | 一种地毯或汽车内饰边角料回收利用工艺及所制备的疏水地砖 |
CN115368112A (zh) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-11-22 | 兴县经开区铝镁新材料研发有限公司 | 一种烧结煤矸石透水砖及其制备方法 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH10231154A (ja) * | 1997-02-18 | 1998-09-02 | Chiyuunou Yogyo Kk | セラミックス骨材粒 |
CN105174909A (zh) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-12-23 | 澧县新鹏陶瓷有限公司 | 一种以粉煤灰为主要原料的陶瓷制品及其制备方法 |
CN107500734A (zh) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-12-22 | 郑州大学 | 一种以工业无机危险废物和低品位铝硅质矿物为原料的陶瓷透水砖及其制备方法 |
CN108395210A (zh) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-08-14 | 芜湖市宝艺游乐科技设备有限公司 | 一种具有光催化效果的高透水持久性透水砖的制备方法 |
-
2018
- 2018-09-17 CN CN201811078373.5A patent/CN109020494A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH10231154A (ja) * | 1997-02-18 | 1998-09-02 | Chiyuunou Yogyo Kk | セラミックス骨材粒 |
CN105174909A (zh) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-12-23 | 澧县新鹏陶瓷有限公司 | 一种以粉煤灰为主要原料的陶瓷制品及其制备方法 |
CN107500734A (zh) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-12-22 | 郑州大学 | 一种以工业无机危险废物和低品位铝硅质矿物为原料的陶瓷透水砖及其制备方法 |
CN108395210A (zh) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-08-14 | 芜湖市宝艺游乐科技设备有限公司 | 一种具有光催化效果的高透水持久性透水砖的制备方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
邹超英等: "《第四届全国高校土木工程专业大学生论坛成果与论文集》", 31 January 2018, 哈尔滨工业大学出版社 * |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110041099A (zh) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-07-23 | 安徽昆蒙新型建材有限公司 | 一种轻质环保空心砖及其制备方法 |
CN110041099B (zh) * | 2019-05-16 | 2021-11-16 | 安徽昆蒙新型建材有限公司 | 一种轻质环保空心砖及其制备方法 |
CN111229794A (zh) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-06-05 | 褚乃博 | 一种地毯或汽车内饰边角料回收利用工艺及所制备的疏水地砖 |
CN111229794B (zh) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-08-28 | 褚乃博 | 一种地毯或汽车内饰边角料回收利用工艺及所制备的疏水地砖 |
CN115368112A (zh) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-11-22 | 兴县经开区铝镁新材料研发有限公司 | 一种烧结煤矸石透水砖及其制备方法 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN106187004B (zh) | 一种生态透水混凝土及其制备方法 | |
CN109020494A (zh) | 一种复合透水砖的制备方法 | |
CN108558351A (zh) | 一种以人造碳化钢渣小球作骨料的低碱植生混凝土砌块及其制备方法 | |
CN103771787A (zh) | 一种活性粉末土壤固化剂及其制备方法与应用 | |
CN110282925A (zh) | 一种碳化钢渣人工多孔骨料及其制备方法 | |
CN105366969B (zh) | 一种再生自硬性胶凝材料及其制备方法 | |
CN103319124A (zh) | 一种建筑保温干粉砂浆 | |
CN103693870B (zh) | 一种利用工业废渣制备的地聚合物及其制备方法 | |
CN108863275A (zh) | 磷石膏基轻质保温自流平地坪砂浆和应用 | |
CN103044006A (zh) | 一种利用给水污泥制备环保透水砖的方法 | |
CN106145880A (zh) | 一种粉煤灰建筑垃圾透水砖及其制备方法 | |
CN106278350A (zh) | 一种碱渣建筑垃圾透水砖及其制备方法 | |
CN109437740A (zh) | 一种高透水耐磨型透水混凝土及其制备方法 | |
Shaaban | Sustainability of excavation soil and red brick waste in rammed earth | |
CN102674722B (zh) | 用灰白色泥灰岩制作的加固土建筑遗址的胶凝材料 | |
CN107500624A (zh) | 一种透水砖及其制备方法 | |
CN107746286A (zh) | 高透水率陶瓷透水砖及其制备方法 | |
JP2016199455A (ja) | 粉体状セメント組成物、コンクリート、及び廃棄物保管用容器の製造方法 | |
CN102219549A (zh) | 利用建筑垃圾制作轻质陶瓷砌块的方法 | |
CN107324724A (zh) | 一种环保透水砖及其制备方法 | |
CN107434431A (zh) | 一种新型石英渣透水砖及其制备方法 | |
CN106698991A (zh) | 一种混凝土掺合料及其制备方法 | |
CN108191334A (zh) | 透水混凝土专用胶凝材料及其应用 | |
CN109180097A (zh) | 一种透水砖的制备方法 | |
CN106587817B (zh) | 一种高适应性混凝土的制备方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20181218 |
|
WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |