CN109007870B - Mechanism capable of controlling walnut impact force and walnut shell breaking device - Google Patents
Mechanism capable of controlling walnut impact force and walnut shell breaking device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109007870B CN109007870B CN201811086716.2A CN201811086716A CN109007870B CN 109007870 B CN109007870 B CN 109007870B CN 201811086716 A CN201811086716 A CN 201811086716A CN 109007870 B CN109007870 B CN 109007870B
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Abstract
The invention provides a mechanism capable of controlling walnut impact force and a walnut shell breaking device, belonging to the technical field of walnut processing, wherein the mechanism comprises an impact rod sleeve, an impact rod, a first connecting rod, a sliding block, a transmission assembly for driving the sliding block to horizontally slide in a reciprocating manner, a first power source for providing power for the transmission assembly and an impact force control circuit; the impact rod sleeve is communicated with a fruit drop control mechanism for conveying a single walnut, the first end is an open end, the second end is a closed end, and a strip-shaped groove extending towards the closed end is formed in the impact rod sleeve; the impact rod is sleeved in the impact rod sleeve in a sliding manner and can extend out of the open end of the impact rod sleeve, an impact spring is arranged between the impact rod and the closed end of the impact rod sleeve, and a connecting handle extending out of the strip-shaped groove is arranged on the rod body; the first end of the first connecting rod is connected with the connecting handle, and the second end of the first connecting rod is provided with an armature; an electromagnetic switch matched with the armature is arranged on the sliding block. The invention can control the impact strength according to the walnut types and improve the whole kernel rate and the shell breaking rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of walnut processing, in particular to a mechanism capable of controlling walnut impact force and a walnut shell breaking device.
Background
Walnut is a major crop suitable for being planted in mountainous areas, is called walnut and walnut, is a juglandaceae plant, contains abundant nutrients such as protein and fat, contains various trace elements and mineral substances such as calcium, phosphorus and iron which are necessary for human bodies, and contains various vitamins such as carotene and riboflavin, is beneficial to human bodies, and is one of nut foods which are well liked by people.
With the continuous and rapid increase of the planting area and the yield of walnuts, walnuts become one of fruits with local characteristics, but the deep processing of walnuts and the development degree of walnut products are far from enough. At present, walnut kernels are basically obtained by manually smashing, the method is high in labor intensity, low in production rate, easy to break the walnut kernels, high in pathogen infection index and capable of influencing the quality and the kernel yield of the walnut kernels. In order to solve a plurality of problems of manually breaking and taking walnut kernels and realize automatic shell breaking and kernel taking, patent CN201610224334.6 discloses a walnut shell breaking device with positioning and conveying functions and a using method thereof, the device comprises at least one walnut shell breaking die and at least two impact rods which are arranged on a rack, the walnut shell breaking die is provided with walnut positioning holes, the side wall of the walnut shell breaking die is provided with at least two openings communicated with the walnut positioning holes, the impact rods penetrate through the openings corresponding to the impact rods under the driving of a moving mechanism to impact walnuts arranged in the walnut positioning holes, the device also comprises positioning quantitative feeding slide blocks which are arranged at two sides of the walnut positioning holes and used for covering the walnut positioning holes, a positioning and conveying mechanism is arranged above the positioning and quantitative feeding slide blocks at the inlet side of the walnut positioning and conveying mechanism, and the shape of a channel in the positioning and conveying mechanism is the same as; this patent is through the cooperation of location conveying mechanism with location ration pay-off slider, when realizing that the walnut does not get into the walnut locating hole, the passageway is stored in location conveying mechanism, effectively guarantees the striking work in the walnut locating hole. Above-mentioned patent has realized automatic broken shell and has got the benevolence, but the hardness of its shell of the walnut of different cultivars is different, uses striking formula walnut shell breaking device to realize when different cultivars walnut shell is got the benevolence, need adjust the size of striking dynamics, and above-mentioned patent can't be according to walnut variety control striking dynamics to lead to unable accurate carrying out the breakage to the walnut, make the easy phenomenon that the shell is broken incompletely or the walnut kernel is smashed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a mechanism capable of controlling walnut impact force and a walnut shell breaking device, which can control the impact force according to the types of walnuts and improve the whole kernel rate and the shell breaking rate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a mechanism capable of controlling walnut impact force, which comprises an impact rod sleeve, an impact rod, a first connecting rod, a sliding block, a transmission assembly driving the sliding block to horizontally slide in a reciprocating manner, a first power source providing power for the transmission assembly and an impact force control circuit, wherein the impact rod sleeve is arranged on the impact rod sleeve; the impact rod sleeve is communicated with a fruit drop control mechanism for conveying a single walnut, the first end of the impact rod sleeve is an open end, the second end of the impact rod sleeve is a closed end, and a strip-shaped groove extending towards the closed end is formed in the impact rod sleeve; the impact rod is sleeved in the impact rod sleeve in a sliding manner and can extend out of the open end of the impact rod sleeve, an impact spring is arranged between the impact rod and the closed end of the impact rod sleeve, and a connecting handle extending out of the strip-shaped groove is arranged on the rod body; the first end of the first connecting rod is connected with the connecting handle, and the second end of the first connecting rod is provided with an armature; an electromagnetic switch matched with the armature is arranged on the sliding block; the impact force control circuit comprises an electronic controller, a first power supply for supplying power to the electromagnetic switch, a displacement sensor for detecting the compression amount of the impact spring and a second power supply for supplying power to the displacement sensor; and the electronic controller is used for receiving a detection value fed back by the displacement sensor and comparing a preset value and a detection value of the impact strength to judge whether to disconnect the first power supply and the electromagnetic switch.
Furthermore, the impact force control circuit also comprises a rectifying circuit, a filter circuit and a voltage stabilizing circuit; the electronic controller is a relay; the first power supply is a direct current power supply; the displacement sensor is a variable-pole-distance type capacitance sensor; the second power supply is an alternating current power supply; the output current of the variable-pole-pitch capacitive sensor is an alternating-current voltage signal, and the direct-current voltage signal which can be detected by the relay can be obtained through the rectifying circuit, the filter circuit and the voltage stabilizing circuit.
Specifically, the variable-pole-pitch capacitive sensor is connected with a capacitive sensor protection resistor in series; the rectifying circuit comprises a rectifying bridge; the filter circuit comprises a filter capacitor and a filter circuit resistor connected with the filter capacitor in parallel; the voltage stabilizing circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing diode, a first voltage stabilizing circuit resistor connected with the voltage stabilizing diode in parallel and a second voltage stabilizing circuit resistor connected with the voltage stabilizing diode in series; the electromagnetic switch is connected with an electromagnetic switch protection resistor in series.
Further, the transmission assembly comprises a second connecting rod and a rotating shaft connected with the first power source; the first end of the second connecting rod is rotatably connected to a non-circle center point on the end face of the rotating shaft, and the second end of the second connecting rod is connected with the sliding block.
Furthermore, the mechanism capable of controlling the impact strength of the walnuts also comprises a rotating shaft supporting frame; the rotating shaft support frame comprises a straight rod, an annular frame arranged at the top end of the straight rod and a bearing with an outer ring arranged in the annular frame; the two ends of the rotating shaft are connected with the inner ring of the bearing.
The invention also provides a walnut shell breaking device which comprises a collided block arranged outside the opening end of the collision rod sleeve and any one of the mechanisms capable of controlling the collision force of the walnuts.
Furthermore, the walnut shell breaking device also comprises a fruit dropping control mechanism; the fruit dropping control mechanism comprises a fruit dropping pipe which is vertical to and communicated with the impact rod sleeve, a feed inlet which is arranged at the top end of the fruit dropping pipe, a disc which is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the fruit dropping pipe, a third connecting rod, a fourth connecting rod, a fifth connecting rod and a second power source which drives the disc to rotate; a first open slot is formed in the pipe wall of the fruit dropping pipe; the first end of the third connecting rod penetrates through a first supporting rod arranged on the striking rod sleeve, and the second end of the third connecting rod is a baffle which penetrates through the first open groove and extends into the fruit dropping pipe to prevent walnuts from dropping; the third connecting rod can horizontally move in the rotating hole of the first supporting rod; the first end of the fourth connecting rod is rotatably connected to a non-circle center point on the disc, and the second end of the fourth connecting rod is connected with the third connecting rod through the fifth connecting rod.
Furthermore, the walnut shell breaking device also comprises a mechanism capable of controlling the impact distance of the walnuts; the mechanism capable of controlling the walnut striking interval comprises a sixth connecting rod, a seventh connecting rod, a gear with damping and a rack with a wedge-shaped block at the bottom end; a second slot is formed in the pipe wall of the fruit dropping pipe; the second slots are positioned below the first slots, are two in number and are oppositely arranged; the first end of the sixth connecting rod is hinged to the second supporting rod on the striking rod sleeve, and the second end of the sixth connecting rod is a baffle plate which penetrates through the second open groove and extends into the fruit dropping pipe; the rod body of the seventh connecting rod is hinged on a third supporting rod on the striking rod sleeve, the first end is a radial incomplete gear, and the second end is a baffle plate which penetrates through the second open groove and extends into the fruit dropping pipe; the baffle of the sixth connecting rod and the baffle of the seventh connecting rod are connected with the inner wall of the fruit dropping pipe through baffle springs to prevent walnuts from falling into the impact rod sleeve; the center of the gear is rotationally connected to a fourth support rod on the impact rod sleeve and is respectively meshed with the radial incomplete gear and the rack; the rack passes through the rack support frame setting in the top of striking rod sleeve, and can vertically slide in the rack support frame, and the wedge is located the top in the initiating terminal in striking rod sleeve bar groove.
Furthermore, the walnut shell breaking device also comprises a resetting component; the reset assembly comprises a cam and a third power source for driving the cam to rotate; the cam is arranged above the seventh connecting rod and is positioned between a hinge point of the seventh connecting rod and the third supporting rod and the first end of the seventh connecting rod.
Furthermore, the walnut shell breaking device also comprises an oscillator and a crotch-shaped ventilation cavity; the oscillator is positioned below the collided block; the crotch-shaped ventilation cavity is provided with a broken fruit inlet, a shell outlet and a kernel outlet which are communicated with each other; the oscillator inclines towards the crushed fruit inlet, and the outlet is aligned with the crushed fruit inlet; a negative pressure fan is arranged at the shell outlet.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the mechanism capable of controlling the walnut impact force can be arranged on an impact type walnut shell breaking machine, a preset value is input into a controller according to the impact force required by the type of the walnut to be processed, a first power supply supplies power to an electromagnetic switch, the electromagnetic switch generates magnetism at the moment, a first power supply drives a sliding block to horizontally slide back and forth through a transmission assembly, the electromagnetic switch adsorbs an armature, the sliding block drives an impact rod connected with a first connecting rod to compress an impact spring, a displacement sensor detects the compression amount of the impact spring and transmits a detection value to an electronic controller, the electronic controller compares the detection value with the preset value until the detection value reaches the preset value, the connection between the first power supply and the electromagnetic switch is disconnected, the magnetism of the electromagnetic switch disappears, the impact spring resets, the impact rod is pushed to impact the walnut in a sleeve of the impact rod to an impact block, and the mechanism capable of controlling the walnut impact force can control the impact force according to the type of a single walnut The walnut shell breaking mechanism has the advantages that the walnut shell is guaranteed to be just crushed, the integrity of the walnut kernel is guaranteed, the walnut shell breaking mechanism is convenient and quick, the practicability is high, and the walnut shell breaking mechanism is an important auxiliary mechanism in the walnut shell breaking and kernel taking process;
2. the walnut shell breaking device provided by the invention has the advantages of higher automation degree and simplicity in operation, and greatly improves the whole kernel rate.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mechanism capable of controlling walnut impact strength according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the mechanism of FIG. 1 for controlling the impact force of the walnut;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the mechanism of FIG. 2 for controlling the impact force of the walnut;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of the mechanism of FIG. 2 for controlling the impact force of the walnut;
fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of an impact force control circuit of the mechanism for controlling walnut impact force according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a front view of a walnut shell breaking device provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a top view of the walnut shell breaking device shown in FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a right side view of the walnut shell breaking device shown in FIG. 6;
FIG. 9 is a sectional view of the surface A-A of the walnut shell breaking device shown in FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a rear view of the walnut shell breaking device shown in FIG. 6;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a fruit drop control mechanism in the walnut shell breaking device shown in FIG. 6;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a rack support frame in the walnut shell breaking device shown in fig. 6.
In the figure: 1.1-impact rod sleeve; 1.2-striker bar; 1.3-a first link; 1.4-a slide block; 1.5-impact spring; 1.6-connecting handle; 1.7-armature; 1.8-a second link; 1.9-rotating shaft; 1.10-rotating shaft support frame; 1.11-horizontal chute; 1.12-sleeve support; 2-a collided block; 3.1-fruit dropping tube; 3.2-feed inlet; 3.3-disc; 3.4-third link; 3.5-fourth link; 3.6-fifth connecting rod; 4.1-sixth link; 4.2-seventh link; 4.3-gear; 4.4-rack; 4.5-rack support; 5-a cam; 6-an oscillator; 7-crotch-shaped ventilation cavities; 7.1-crushed fruit import; 7.2-shell outlet; 7.3-kernel outlet; 8-negative pressure fan; 9-a machine shell;
u1-electromagnetic switch; K1-Relay; c1-variable pole pitch capacitive sensor; c2-filter capacitance; v1-ac power supply; v2-dc power supply; d1-rectifier bridge; d2-zener diode; r1-capacitive sensor protection resistance; r2 — filter circuit resistance; r3-a first regulator circuit resistor; r4-a second regulator circuit resistor; r5-electromagnetic switch protection resistance.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the embodiment provides a mechanism capable of controlling walnut impact force, which includes an impact rod sleeve 1.1, an impact rod 1.2, a first connecting rod 1.3, a sliding block 1.4, a transmission assembly driving the sliding block 1.4 to horizontally slide in a reciprocating manner, a first power source providing power for the transmission assembly, and an impact force control circuit; the impact rod sleeve 1.1 is communicated with a fruit drop control mechanism for conveying single walnuts, the first end is an open end, the second end is a closed end, and a strip-shaped groove extending towards the closed end is formed in the impact rod sleeve 1.1; the impact rod 1.2 is sleeved in the impact rod sleeve 1.1 in a sliding manner and can extend out from the open end of the impact rod sleeve 1.1, an impact spring 1.5 is arranged between the impact rod 1.1 and the closed end of the impact rod sleeve, and a connecting handle 1.6 extending out of a strip-shaped groove is arranged on the rod body; the first end of the first connecting rod 1.3 is connected with the connecting handle 1.6, and the second end is provided with an armature 1.7; an electromagnetic switch U1 matched with the armature 1.7 is arranged on the sliding block 1.4; the impact force control circuit comprises an electronic controller, a first power supply for supplying power to an electromagnetic switch U1, a displacement sensor for detecting the compression amount of the impact spring 1.5 and a second power supply for supplying power to the displacement sensor; and the electronic controller is used for receiving a detection value fed back by the displacement sensor and comparing a preset value and a detection value of the impact strength to judge whether to disconnect the first power supply and the electromagnetic switch U1.
The user inputs the preset value in the controller according to the required striking dynamics of the kind of the walnut to be processed, the first power supply supplies power to the electromagnetic switch U1, electromagnetic switch U1 produces magnetism this moment, a single walnut falls into striking rod sleeve 1.1, the first power supply drives slider 1.4 horizontal reciprocating sliding through the transmission assembly, electromagnetic switch U1 adsorbs armature 1.7, slider 1.4 drives striking rod 1.2 connected with first connecting rod 1.3 and compresses striking spring 1.5, the displacement sensor detects the impact spring 1.5 compression amount, and transmit the detected value to the electronic controller, the electronic controller compares the detected value with the preset value, reach the preset value, disconnect between first power supply and the electromagnetic switch U1, electromagnetic switch U1 magnetism disappears, striking spring 1.5 resets, promote striking rod 1.2 with the walnut in striking rod sleeve 1.1.1 to being collided piece 2, accomplish the broken shell of a single walnut. Wherein, the determination of the required impact strength of the types of walnuts to be processed is prior art and is not described herein again. Can know the mechanism of the steerable walnut striking dynamics that this embodiment provided can control the striking dynamics according to the kind that gets into the single walnut of striking rod sleeve 1.1 to guarantee that the walnut shell just is smashed and guarantee the integrality of walnut kernel, this mechanism convenient and fast, practicality are strong, are the important complementary unit of walnut broken shell in-process of getting the benevolence.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, the impact force control circuit further includes a rectifying circuit, a filtering circuit and a voltage stabilizing circuit; the electronic controller is a relay K1; the first power supply is a direct current power supply V2; the displacement sensor is a variable-pole-pitch capacitive sensor C1; the second power supply is an alternating current power supply V1; the output current of the variable-pole-pitch capacitive sensor C1 is an alternating-current voltage signal, and a direct-current voltage signal which can be detected by the relay K1 can be obtained through a rectifying circuit, a filter circuit and a voltage stabilizing circuit.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, a capacitance sensor protection resistor R1 is connected in series to the variable-pitch capacitance sensor C1; the rectifying circuit includes a rectifying bridge D1; the filter circuit comprises a filter capacitor C2 and a filter circuit resistor R2 connected with the filter capacitor C2 in parallel; the voltage stabilizing circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing diode D2, a first voltage stabilizing circuit resistor R3 connected with the voltage stabilizing diode D2 in parallel and a second voltage stabilizing circuit resistor R4 connected with the voltage stabilizing diode D2 in series; the electromagnetic switch U1 is connected in series with an electromagnetic switch protection resistor R5.
The impact force control circuit works:
firstly, when the impact force control circuit starts to work, a direct current circuit is conducted, a direct current power supply V2 is communicated with an electromagnetic switch U1, the electromagnetic switch U1 is closed to generate a magnetic field to adsorb an armature 1.7, and an impact spring 1.5 is compressed;
secondly, an alternating current power supply V1 supplies power to the variable-pole-distance capacitive sensor C1 and detects 1.5 compression of the impact spring;
③ along with the compression of the impact spring 1.5, the distance between two polar plates of the variable-polar-distance capacitive sensor C1 changes, and according to the capacitive sensor formula C = (epsilon S)/delta and the capacitive formula C = Q/U, as the distance between the polar plates becomes smaller, the capacitance becomes larger, and the voltage becomes smaller;
fourthly, the variable pole pitch type capacitive sensor C1 outputs voltage signals, namely alternating current voltage signals, and direct current voltage signals can be obtained through a bridge rectifier circuit, a filter circuit and a voltage stabilizing circuit;
the direct current voltage signal is measured by a relay K1;
when the direct current voltage signal is smaller than the lower limit value set by the relay K1, the relay K1 switch is disconnected, so that the direct current circuit is disconnected, the direct current power supply V2 is disconnected with the electromagnetic switch U1, and the impact spring 1.5 is released.
The transmission component can be a crank-slider mechanism, a gear-rack structure or a push-rod cam mechanism. In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the transmission assembly includes a second link 1.8 and a rotating shaft 1.9 connected to the first power source; the first end of the second connecting rod 1.8 is rotatably connected to a non-circle center point on the end surface of the rotating shaft 1.9, and the second end is connected with the sliding block 1.4. The first power source drives the rotating shaft 1.9 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 1.9, the second connecting rod 1.8 and the sliding block 1.4 form a crank sliding block mechanism to convert rotation into horizontal reciprocating motion.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the mechanism capable of controlling the walnut impact force further comprises a rotating shaft support frame 1.10; the rotating shaft support frame 1.10 comprises a straight rod, an annular frame arranged at the top end of the straight rod and a bearing with an outer ring arranged in the annular frame; both ends of the rotating shaft 1.9 are connected with the inner ring of the bearing.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, two ends of the sliding block 1.4 are inserted into two parallel horizontal sliding grooves 1.11. The sliding of the sliding block 1.4 is limited by the horizontal sliding groove 1.11.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, a semicircular slot is provided on the rod body of the impact rod sleeve 1.1 near the closed end, the semicircular slot extends to the closed end of the impact rod sleeve 1.1 to mount the impact spring 1.5, and the terminating end of the strip-shaped slot is located at the starting end of the semicircular slot.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the mechanism for controlling the walnut striking force further comprises a sleeve support frame 1.12 for mounting the striking rod sleeve 1.1.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 6 to 10, the present embodiment provides a walnut shell breaking device, which includes a collided block 2 disposed outside an opening end of a collision rod sleeve 1.1 and the mechanism for controlling the collision force of the walnut described in embodiment 1. The impact rod 1.2 pushes the walnut to impact the impacted block 2, and the walnut shell is crushed.
Further, as shown in fig. 7, the side of the collided block 2 facing the open end of the striker sleeve 1.1 is provided with a V-shaped groove to clamp the walnut.
Further, as shown in fig. 11, the walnut shell breaking device further comprises a fruit dropping control mechanism; the fruit dropping control mechanism comprises a fruit dropping pipe 3.1 which is vertical to and communicated with the impact rod sleeve 1.1, a feed inlet 3.2 arranged at the top end of the fruit dropping pipe 3.1, a disc 3.3 which is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the fruit dropping pipe 3.1, a third connecting rod 3.4, a fourth connecting rod 3.5, a fifth connecting rod 3.6 and a second power source which drives the disc 3.3 to rotate; a first open slot is arranged on the pipe wall of the fruit dropping pipe 3.1; the first end of the third connecting rod 3.4 penetrates through a first supporting rod arranged on the impact rod sleeve 1.1, and the second end is a baffle which penetrates through the first open slot and extends into the fruit dropping pipe 3.1 to prevent walnuts from dropping; the third connecting rod 3.4 can horizontally move in the rotary hole of the first supporting rod; the first end of the fourth link 3.5 is rotatably connected to a non-circular point on the disc 3.3, and the second end is connected to the third link 3.4 through the fifth link 3.6.
A plurality of walnuts enter the fruit dropping pipe 3.1 from the feeding hole 3.2, the second power source drives the disc 3.3 to rotate according to the preset frequency, and the third connecting rod 3.4 connected with the fourth connecting rod 3.5 through the fifth connecting rod 3.6 does reciprocating motion with fixed frequency, so that a single walnut falls down with fixed frequency, and the sorting of the single walnut is realized. The control circuit and the control components required by the second power source for driving the disc 3.3 to rotate according to the preset frequency can be realized by the existing means.
Further, the feed opening 3.2 is a funnel-shaped feed opening.
Further, as shown in fig. 6, the walnut shell breaking device further comprises a mechanism capable of controlling the collision distance of the walnuts; the mechanism capable of controlling the walnut striking interval comprises a sixth connecting rod 4.1, a seventh connecting rod 4.2, a gear 4.3 with damping and a rack 4.4 with a wedge-shaped block at the bottom end; a second slot is arranged on the pipe wall of the fruit dropping pipe 3.1; the second slots are positioned below the first slots, are two in number and are oppositely arranged; the first end of a sixth connecting rod 4.1 is hinged on a second supporting rod on the impact rod sleeve 1.1, and the second end is a baffle plate which passes through a second open slot and extends into the fruit dropping pipe 3.1; the rod body of the seventh connecting rod 4.2 is hinged on a third supporting rod on the striking rod sleeve 1.1, the first end is a radial incomplete gear, and the second end is a baffle plate which passes through the second open slot and extends into the fruit dropping pipe 3.1; the baffle of the sixth connecting rod 4.1 and the baffle of the seventh connecting rod 4.2 are connected with the inner wall of the fruit dropping pipe 3.1 through baffle springs to prevent walnuts from falling into the impact rod sleeve 1.1; the circle center of the gear 4.3 is rotationally connected to a fourth supporting rod on the impact rod sleeve 1.1 and is respectively meshed with the radial incomplete gear and the rack 4.4; the rack 4.4 is arranged above the impact rod sleeve 1.1 through a rack support frame 4.5 and can vertically slide in the rack support frame 4.5, and the wedge block is positioned above the starting end of the strip-shaped groove of the impact rod sleeve 1.1.
The single walnut passing through the baffle of the third connecting rod 3.4 continuously falls down, the baffle of the sixth connecting rod 4.1 and the baffle of the seventh connecting rod 4.2 are knocked away and then fall into the impact rod sleeve 1.1, the seventh connecting rod 4.2 rotates, the gear 4.3 meshed with the radial incomplete gear rotates to drive the rack 4.4 meshed with the gear 4.3 to move upwards, the position of the wedge-shaped block is adjusted, after the magnetism of the electromagnetic switch U1 disappears, the impact spring 1.5 resets, the impact rod 1.2 is pushed to knock the walnut in the impact rod sleeve 1.1 to the collided block 2 until the connecting handle 1.6 on the impact rod 1.2 collides with the wedge-shaped block, and the control of the impact distance is realized. Wherein the gear 4.3 has a damping to ensure that the wedge is fixed after the position adjustment is completed.
Further, on the striking rod sleeve 1.1, the first support rod is located between the third support rod and the fourth support rod, and a through groove for the seventh connecting rod 4.2 to pass through is arranged.
Further, as shown in fig. 6, the walnut shell breaking device further comprises a reset assembly; the reset component comprises a cam 5 and a third power source for driving the cam 5 to rotate; the cam 5 is arranged above the seventh connecting rod 4.2 and is positioned between a hinge point of the seventh connecting rod 4.2 and the third supporting rod and the first end of the seventh connecting rod 4.2.
After a walnut breaks the baffle of the sixth connecting rod 4.1 and the baffle of the seventh connecting rod 4.2 and falls into the impact rod sleeve 1.1, the baffle of the sixth connecting rod 4.1 is reset under the elastic force of the baffle spring, because the radial incomplete gear at the first end of the seventh connecting rod 4.2 is meshed with the gear 4.3, the gear 4.3 has damping and cannot rotate by itself to reset under the action of no external force, the baffle of the seventh connecting rod 4.2 is difficult to reset under the elastic force of the baffle spring, at the moment, the third power source drives the cam 5 to rotate, a downward acting force is applied to the upwarped rod body of the seventh connecting rod 4.2 (namely, the rod body between the hinge point of the seventh connecting rod 4.2 and the third supporting rod and the first end of the seventh connecting rod 4.2), and the reset of the seventh connecting rod 4.2 is realized, so that the impact distance is adjusted again when the next walnut passes through.
Further, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the walnut shell breaking device further comprises an oscillator 6 and a crotch-shaped ventilation cavity 7; the oscillator 6 is positioned below the collided block 2; the crotch-shaped ventilation cavity 7 is provided with a fruit crushing inlet 7.1, a shell outlet 7.2 and a kernel outlet 7.3 which are communicated with each other; the oscillator 6 is inclined towards the crushed fruit inlet 7.1, and the outlet is aligned with the crushed fruit inlet 7.1; a negative pressure fan 8 is arranged at the shell outlet 7.2.
The walnut which is knocked open by the knocking rod 1.2 and the knocking block 2 falls into the oscillator 6, and the shell and the kernel are separated through oscillation. The shell and the kernels which are subjected to oscillation separation are sent into a crotch-type ventilation cavity 7 along a crushed-kernel inlet 7.1, the shell is sucked into a shell outlet 7.2 under the action of wind power of a negative-pressure fan 8, and the kernels leave along a kernel outlet 7.3, so that the separation and kernel taking of walnuts are completed.
Furthermore, the walnut shell breaking device also comprises a shell 9; the rotating shaft support frame 1.10 and the sleeve support frame 1.12 are both arranged on the bottom plate of the machine shell 9; the horizontal chute 1.11 is arranged on the inner wall of the machine shell 9; the collided block 2 is arranged in a partition board in the machine shell 9; the crotch-type ventilation chamber 7 is installed in the space between the partition plate and the wall of the cabinet 9.
Further, as shown in fig. 12, the rack support frame 4.5 is a laterally disposed T-shaped frame, installed in the housing 9, and provided with a sliding slot for accommodating the rack 4.4.
Further, as shown in fig. 7, the first link 1.3 is an L-shaped rod.
Further, the first power source, the second power source and the third power source are all motors.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a use method of a walnut shell breaking device, which is implemented on the basis of the walnut shell breaking device in the embodiment 2 and comprises the following steps:
s1, inputting a preset value into an electronic controller according to the impact force required by the type of the walnut to be processed, supplying power to an electromagnetic switch U1 by a first power supply, and generating magnetism by the electromagnetic switch U1;
s2, a plurality of walnuts enter the fruit dropping pipe 3.1 from the feeding hole 3.2, the second power source drives the disc 3.3 to rotate according to a preset frequency, and the third connecting rod 3.4 connected with the fourth connecting rod 3.5 through the fifth connecting rod 3.6 reciprocates at a fixed frequency, so that a single walnut falls on the baffle of the sixth connecting rod 4.1 and the baffle of the seventh connecting rod 4.2 at a fixed frequency, and the sorting of the single walnut is realized;
s3, enabling a single walnut to penetrate through the fruit dropping pipe 3.1, enabling a baffle plate of the sixth connecting rod 4.1 and a baffle plate of the seventh connecting rod 4.2 to collide and fall into the impact rod sleeve 1.1, enabling the seventh connecting rod 4.2 to rotate, enabling the gear 4.3 meshed with the radial incomplete gear to rotate, driving the rack 4.4 meshed with the gear 4.3 to move upwards, and adjusting the position of the wedge-shaped block;
s4, a first power source drives a sliding block 1.4 to horizontally slide in a reciprocating mode through a reciprocating motion assembly, an armature 1.7 is adsorbed by an electromagnetic switch U1, the sliding block 1.4 drives a striking rod 1.2 connected with a first connecting rod 1.3 to compress an impact spring 1.5, a displacement sensor detects the compression amount of the impact spring 1.5 and transmits the detected value to an electronic controller, the electronic controller compares the detected value with a preset value until the detected value reaches the preset value, the connection between the first power source and the electromagnetic switch U1 is disconnected, the magnetism of the electromagnetic switch U1 disappears, the impact spring 1.5 resets, the striking rod 1.2 is pushed to enable walnuts in a striking rod sleeve 1.1 to strike a struck block 2 until a connecting handle 1.6 on the striking rod 1.2 strikes a wedge-shaped block, and shell breaking of a single walnut is completed;
s5, the walnut after shell breaking is the broken fruit with the shell broken, the broken fruit is separated from the kernel after oscillation, the broken fruit is sent into the crotch-shaped ventilation cavity 7, the shell is sucked into the shell outlet 7.2 under the action of wind power, and the kernel leaves along the kernel outlet 7.3.
In step S1, the determination of the impact strength required by the types of walnuts to be processed is the prior art and will not be described herein. In step S2, the control circuit and the control components required by the second power source to rotate the disc 3.3 according to the predetermined frequency can be implemented by conventional means.
Further, the use method of the walnut shell breaking device further comprises the resetting of the seventh connecting rod 4.2:
the cam 5 rotates to apply a downward acting force to the upward warped rod body of the seventh connecting rod 4.2 (i.e. the rod body between the hinge point of the seventh connecting rod 4.2 and the third supporting rod and the first end of the seventh connecting rod 4.2), so as to realize the resetting of the seventh connecting rod 4.2.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, or direct or indirect applications in other related fields, which are made by the contents of the present specification, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A walnut shell breaking device is characterized by comprising a mechanism capable of controlling walnut impact force, an impacted block, a fruit dropping control mechanism and a mechanism capable of controlling walnut impact distance;
the mechanism capable of controlling the walnut impact force comprises an impact rod sleeve, an impact rod, a first connecting rod, a sliding block, a transmission assembly driving the sliding block to horizontally slide in a reciprocating manner, a first power source for providing power for the transmission assembly and an impact force control circuit;
the impact rod sleeve is communicated with a fruit drop control mechanism for conveying a single walnut, the first end of the impact rod sleeve is an open end, the second end of the impact rod sleeve is a closed end, and a strip-shaped groove extending towards the closed end is formed in the impact rod sleeve;
the impact rod is sleeved in the impact rod sleeve in a sliding mode and can extend out of the open end of the impact rod sleeve, an impact spring is arranged between the impact rod and the closed end of the impact rod sleeve, and a connecting handle extending out of the strip-shaped groove is arranged on the rod body;
the first end of the first connecting rod is connected with the connecting handle, and the second end of the first connecting rod is provided with an armature;
an electromagnetic switch matched with the armature is arranged on the sliding block;
the impact force control circuit comprises an electronic controller, a first power supply for supplying power to the electromagnetic switch, a displacement sensor for detecting the compression amount of the impact spring and a second power supply for supplying power to the displacement sensor;
the electronic controller is used for receiving a detection value fed back by the displacement sensor and comparing a preset value and a detection value of the impact strength to judge whether to disconnect the first power supply and the electromagnetic switch or not;
the collided block is arranged outside the open end of the collision rod sleeve;
the fruit dropping control mechanism comprises a fruit dropping pipe which is vertical to and communicated with the impact rod sleeve, a feed inlet which is arranged at the top end of the fruit dropping pipe, a disc which is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the fruit dropping pipe, a third connecting rod, a fourth connecting rod, a fifth connecting rod and a second power source which drives the disc to rotate;
a first open slot is formed in the pipe wall of the fruit dropping pipe;
the first end of the third connecting rod penetrates through a first supporting rod arranged on the striking rod sleeve, and the second end of the third connecting rod is used for preventing the walnuts from falling down as the baffle penetrates through the first open groove and extends into the nut falling pipe;
the third connecting rod can horizontally move in the rotating hole of the first supporting rod;
the first end of the fourth connecting rod is rotatably connected to a non-circle center point on the disc, and the second end of the fourth connecting rod is connected with the third connecting rod through a fifth connecting rod;
the mechanism capable of controlling the walnut striking interval comprises a sixth connecting rod, a seventh connecting rod, a gear with damping and a rack with a wedge-shaped block at the bottom end;
a second slot is formed in the pipe wall of the fruit dropping pipe;
the second slots are positioned below the first slots, are two in number and are oppositely arranged;
the first end of the sixth connecting rod is hinged to a second supporting rod on the striking rod sleeve, and the second end of the sixth connecting rod is a baffle plate which penetrates through the second open groove and extends into the fruit dropping pipe;
the rod body of the seventh connecting rod is hinged to a third supporting rod on the striking rod sleeve, the first end of the seventh connecting rod is a radial incomplete gear, and the second end of the seventh connecting rod is a baffle plate which penetrates through the second open groove and extends into the fruit dropping pipe;
the baffle of the sixth connecting rod and the baffle of the seventh connecting rod are connected with the inner wall of the fruit dropping pipe through baffle springs to prevent walnuts from falling into the impact rod sleeve;
the center of the gear is rotationally connected to a fourth support rod on the impact rod sleeve and is respectively meshed with the radial incomplete gear and the rack;
the rack passes through the rack support frame setting in the top of striking rod sleeve, and can vertically slide in the rack support frame, and the wedge is located the top in the initiating terminal in striking rod sleeve bar groove.
2. The walnut shell breaking device of claim 1, wherein the impact force control circuit further comprises a rectifying circuit, a filter circuit and a voltage stabilizing circuit;
the electronic controller is a relay;
the first power supply is a direct current power supply;
the displacement sensor is a variable-pole-distance type capacitance sensor;
the second power supply is an alternating current power supply;
the output current of the variable-pole-pitch capacitive sensor is an alternating-current voltage signal, and the direct-current voltage signal which can be detected by the relay can be obtained through the rectifying circuit, the filter circuit and the voltage stabilizing circuit.
3. The walnut shell breaking device according to claim 2, wherein the variable-pole-pitch capacitive sensor is connected in series with a capacitive sensor protection resistor;
the rectifying circuit comprises a rectifying bridge;
the filter circuit comprises a filter capacitor and a filter circuit resistor connected with the filter capacitor in parallel;
the voltage stabilizing circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing diode, a first voltage stabilizing circuit resistor connected with the voltage stabilizing diode in parallel and a second voltage stabilizing circuit resistor connected with the voltage stabilizing diode in series;
the electromagnetic switch is connected with an electromagnetic switch protection resistor in series.
4. The walnut shell breaking device of claim 1, wherein the transmission assembly comprises a second connecting rod and a rotating shaft connected with a first power source;
and the first end of the second connecting rod is rotatably connected to a non-circle center point on the end surface of the rotating shaft, and the second end of the second connecting rod is connected with the sliding block.
5. The walnut shell breaking device of claim 4, further comprising a rotating shaft support frame;
the rotating shaft support frame comprises a straight rod, an annular frame arranged at the top end of the straight rod and a bearing with an outer ring arranged in the annular frame;
and two ends of the rotating shaft are connected with the inner ring of the bearing.
6. The walnut shell breaking device of claim 1, further comprising a reset assembly;
the reset assembly comprises a cam and a third power source for driving the cam to rotate;
the cam is arranged above the seventh connecting rod and is positioned between a hinge point of the seventh connecting rod and the third supporting rod and the first end of the seventh connecting rod.
7. The walnut shell breaking device according to claim 6, further comprising an oscillator and a crotch-type ventilation cavity;
the oscillator is positioned below the collided block;
the crotch-shaped ventilation cavity is provided with a crushed fruit inlet, a shell outlet and a kernel outlet which are communicated with each other;
the oscillator inclines towards the crushed fruit inlet, and the outlet is aligned with the crushed fruit inlet;
and a negative pressure fan is arranged at the shell outlet.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811086716.2A CN109007870B (en) | 2018-09-18 | 2018-09-18 | Mechanism capable of controlling walnut impact force and walnut shell breaking device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811086716.2A CN109007870B (en) | 2018-09-18 | 2018-09-18 | Mechanism capable of controlling walnut impact force and walnut shell breaking device |
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| CN109007870B true CN109007870B (en) | 2021-07-02 |
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| CN113558251B (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2022-12-20 | 诸城春辉食品有限公司 | Walnut sheller |
| CN114145469B (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-12-30 | 山西大学 | Full-automatic chinese chestnut opening decorticator |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB332044A (en) * | 1929-06-29 | 1930-07-17 | Hugh Mapleton | Improvements in or connected with machines for cracking and shelling nuts |
| FR2095448A5 (en) * | 1970-06-27 | 1972-02-11 | Rossi Angelo | Stoning machine - for fresh or re-hydrated fruits |
| CN1046089A (en) * | 1989-04-08 | 1990-10-17 | 邯郸棉花机械厂 | Nut sheller |
| CN201643625U (en) * | 2010-01-12 | 2010-11-24 | 何玉辉 | Basketball trainer |
| CN202168442U (en) * | 2011-07-15 | 2012-03-21 | 刘志光 | Hickory nut shelling and complete kernel taking machine |
| CN103169135A (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2013-06-26 | 陈皓 | Apricot pit hull breaking machine |
| CN207151861U (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2018-03-30 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of hickory nut squash type hulling machine |
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