CN109005522A - Forest fire protection intelligent monitor system based on wireless sensor network - Google Patents
Forest fire protection intelligent monitor system based on wireless sensor network Download PDFInfo
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- CN109005522A CN109005522A CN201811124131.5A CN201811124131A CN109005522A CN 109005522 A CN109005522 A CN 109005522A CN 201811124131 A CN201811124131 A CN 201811124131A CN 109005522 A CN109005522 A CN 109005522A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
- H04W4/38—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for collecting sensor information
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/005—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion for forest fires, e.g. detecting fires spread over a large or outdoors area
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
- H04W16/18—Network planning tools
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
- H04W40/22—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing using selective relaying for reaching a BTS [Base Transceiver Station] or an access point
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention provides the forest fire protection intelligent monitor system based on wireless sensor network, which includes data acquisition subsystem, monitor terminal；Data acquisition subsystem is used to acquire the environmental monitoring data in forest fire protection monitoring region and is sent to monitor terminal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to forest fire protection technical fields, and in particular to the forest fire protection based on wireless sensor network is intelligently supervised
Control system.
Background technique
Forest occupies an important position in human survival and development as natural resources irreplaceable on the earth.Forest
The generation of fire not only can cause to seriously affect to forestry development, ecological environment, but will influence a national economic construction
And the permanent public security of society, the people's lives and property safety is influenced, causes huge economic losses to country and the people.Forest Fire
Calamity has the characteristics that sprawling is fast, it is difficult, sudden strong to save, once dangerous situation occurs, is difficult to be controlled, simultaneously because forest face
Product is huge, with a varied topography, is difficult the position that judgement is ignited.Therefore, reasonable forest fire preventing monitor system is established, and to Forest Fire
Calamity prevent particularly important.
Currently, the domestic monitoring method generallyd use has ground to patrol the monitoring of, observation tower, aviation is patrolled, satellite remote sensing etc..
Ground is patrolled the experienced watchkeeper of He observation tower monitoring needs and is monitored on a large scale, is not only limited, is covered by terrain
Capping is small, and has dead angle and blank, and efficiency is very low.Aviation is patrolled then to be limited by natural conditions with satellite remote sensing, and cost pole
It is high.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides the forest fire protection intelligent monitor system based on wireless sensor network.
The purpose of the present invention is realized using following technical scheme:
The forest fire protection intelligent monitor system based on wireless sensor network is provided, which includes data acquisition system
System, monitor terminal；Data acquisition subsystem is used to acquire the environmental monitoring data in forest fire protection monitoring region, data acquisition
System includes that single aggregation node, four relay nodes and multiple sensor nodes, the aggregation node are deployed in the gloomy of setting
The center in woods fireproof monitoring region, four relay nodes are set to the different location in forest fire protection monitoring region, and four
A relay node is identical as the distance between aggregation node, and the multiple sensor node needs to be deployed in institute according to actual monitoring
It states in forest fire protection monitoring region；Sensor node is responsible for acquiring environmental monitoring data and is sent to environmental monitoring data wherein
Received environmental monitoring data single-hop is sent to aggregation node by one relay node, relay node, and aggregation node convergence is connect
The environmental monitoring data of receipts, and it is sent to the monitor terminal.
In a kind of mode that can be realized, sensor node is equipped with sensor module, and sensor module includes following biography
Sensor it is one or more:
Wind transducer, for acquiring the wind direction information in forest fire protection region；
Visual overlay, for acquiring the video information in forest fire protection region；
Smoke sensor device, for acquiring the smokescope information in forest fire protection regional environment；
Temperature Humidity Sensor, for acquiring the environment temperature and humidity information in forest fire protection region.
Wherein, the monitor terminal is responsible for receiving the data that data acquisition subsystem transmits, and it is anti-to obtain forest in real time
The environmental information and location information of fiery monitoring area issue alarm when smokescope and temperature and humidity are more than setting value, and monitoring is eventually
Soon make corresponding counter-measure in end.
In a kind of mode that can be realized, the monitor terminal includes the storage mould for storage environment monitoring data
Block, for the display module of display environment monitoring data, and for analyzing whether environmental monitoring data exceeds corresponding setting
The analysis module of threshold value；The monitor terminal further includes alarm module, for exceeding corresponding setting threshold in environmental monitoring data
Alarm is issued when value.
The invention has the benefit that forming forest fire preventing monitor system using wireless sensor network technology, reduce
The artificial complexity and difficulties for laying monitoring point, suitable for virgin forest uninhabited, with a varied topography；It is sensed using wind direction
Device, Temperature Humidity Sensor, smokescope sensor and visual overlay can comprehensive monitoring forest environment, fire is prevented
Before not occurring, prevention effect is played.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the embodiment in attached drawing is not constituted to any limit of the invention
System, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also obtain according to the following drawings
Other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the forest fire protection intelligent monitor system based on wireless sensor network of an illustrative embodiment of the invention
Structural schematic block diagram；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic block diagram of the monitor terminal of an illustrative embodiment of the invention.
Appended drawing reference:
Data acquisition subsystem 1, monitor terminal 2, memory module 10, display module 20, analysis module 30, alarm module
40。
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with the following Examples.
Referring to Fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention provides the forest fire protection intelligent monitor systems based on wireless sensor network, should
System includes data acquisition subsystem 1, monitor terminal 2；Data acquisition subsystem 1 is for acquiring in forest fire protection monitoring region
Environmental monitoring data, data acquisition subsystem 1 include single aggregation node, four relay nodes and multiple sensor nodes, institute
The center that aggregation node is deployed in the forest fire protection monitoring region of setting is stated, four relay nodes are set to forest fire protection prison
The different location in region is surveyed, and four relay nodes are identical as the distance between aggregation node, the multiple sensor node
It needs to be deployed in forest fire protection monitoring region according to actual monitoring；Sensor node is responsible for acquiring environmental monitoring data simultaneously
Environmental monitoring data is sent to one of relay node, received environmental monitoring data single-hop is sent to remittance by relay node
Poly- node, the received environmental monitoring data of aggregation node convergence institute, and it is sent to the monitor terminal 2.
In a kind of mode that can be realized, sensor node is equipped with sensor module, and sensor module includes following biography
Sensor it is one or more:
Wind transducer, for acquiring the wind direction information in forest fire protection region；
Visual overlay, for acquiring the video information in forest fire protection region；
Smoke sensor device, for acquiring the smokescope information in forest fire protection regional environment；
Temperature Humidity Sensor, for acquiring the environment temperature and humidity information in forest fire protection region.
Wherein, the monitor terminal 2 is responsible for receiving the data that data acquisition subsystem 1 transmits, and obtains forest in real time
The environmental information and location information in fire monitoring region issue alarm, monitoring when smokescope and temperature and humidity are more than setting value
Terminal 2 soon makes corresponding counter-measure.
In a kind of mode that can be realized, as shown in Fig. 2, the monitor terminal 2 includes monitoring number for storage environment
According to memory module 10, for the display module 20 of display environment monitoring data, and for whether analyzing environmental monitoring data
Analysis module 30 beyond corresponding given threshold；The monitor terminal 2 further includes alarm module 40, in environmental monitoring number
Alarm is issued according to when exceeding corresponding given threshold.
The wherein setting of threshold condition can be configured according to the actual situation.It in one embodiment, can be for not
Different level threshold values is set with environmental monitoring data, when environmental monitoring data determines that the environment is supervised beyond corresponding level threshold value
Measured data is abnormal, and then exports warning message.Wherein, which may include abnormal environmental monitoring data and/or different
The position that normal environmental monitoring data generates.
Having the beneficial effect that for the above embodiment of the present invention utilizes wireless sensor network technology composition forest fire protection monitoring system
System reduces the artificial complexity and difficulties for laying monitoring point, suitable for virgin forest uninhabited, with a varied topography；Using
Wind transducer, Temperature Humidity Sensor, smokescope sensor and visual overlay can comprehensive monitoring forest environment, will
Fire prevents before not occurring, plays prevention effect.
In one embodiment, multiple sensor nodes are needed to be deployed in the monitoring region according to actual monitoring
Afterwards, monitoring region is averagely divided into F square net region, from the f monitoring requirements great efforts of F square net regional choice
Region as region to be optimized, and judge whether region to be optimized meets coverage rate deficiency condition, if it exists region j to be optimized
Meet coverage rate deficiency condition, then increases deployment sensor node in region j to be optimized；
Sensor node model uses Boolean sense model, sensor node the perception radius isomery, any sensor node
The perception radius can be in [Cmin,Cmax] adjust in range, wherein CmaxAnd CminIt is divided into the bound of sensor node the perception radius,
Set the coverage rate deficiency condition are as follows:
In formula, niIndicate the sensor node quantity disposed in i-th of region to be optimized, DiIt is to be optimized for described i-th
The area in region；MTFor preset coverage rate threshold value, p is monitoring requirements dynamics impact factor, the value range of p be [0.10,
0.20]。
After multiple sensor nodes are needed to be deployed in the monitoring region by the present embodiment according to actual monitoring, it will monitor
Region is averagely divided into multiple square net regions, therefrom selects monitoring requirements square net region with stronger dynamics as to excellent
Change region, and whether the network coverage for detecting region to be optimized is too low.It is to be optimized that the present embodiment innovatively sets detection
The whether too low standard of the network coverage in region, i.e. coverage rate deficiency condition, and then in the area for meeting coverage rate deficiency condition
Increase deployment sensor node in domain, is conducive to the sensor node in optimization monitoring demand square net region with stronger dynamics
Deployment, further ensures monitoring requirements, promotes the Monitoring Performance of wireless sensor network.
In one embodiment, increase deployment sensor node in region j to be optimized, comprising:
(1) region j to be optimized is divided into multiple square net subregions, calculates each square grid grid according to the following formula
The maximum possible coverage rate in region:
In formula, MrFor the maximum possible coverage rate of r-th of square net subregion in region j to be optimized, nrFor the r
Sensor node quantity in a square net subregion, DrFor the size of r-th of square net subregion；
(2) the average maximum possible coverage rate M of all square net subregions is calculatedavg, maximum possible coverage rate is less than
MavgSquare net subregion increase region as node；
(3) increase in each node and increase by 1 sensor node of deployment in region.
In one embodiment, described increase in each node increases by 1 sensor node of deployment in region, specifically
Are as follows: if node, which increases, does not have sensor node in region, increase by 1 sensor of deployment in the center that node increases region
Node；If node, which increases, has been deployed with sensor node in region, calculate node increases the position of centre of gravity in region, and with node
Increase in the square net subregion of area adjacency, chooses with the nearest sensor node of the position of centre of gravity as benchmark section
Point increases by 1 sensor node of deployment in the midpoint of position of centre of gravity and the datum node line.
Wherein, calculate node increases the position of centre of gravity in region according to the following formula:
In formula, kaIndicate that node increases the position of centre of gravity of region a, x (b) indicates that the node increases b-th of biography in a of region
The abscissa of sensor node position, y (b) are the ordinate of b-th of sensor node position, wherein with convergence
Node is coordinate origin, naIncrease the sensor node number that region a has for the node.
The present embodiment set in region to be optimized increase deployment sensor node specific mechanism, the mechanism pass through by
Region to be optimized is divided into multiple square net subregions, determines that node increases region based on maximum possible coverage rate, and further
It sets to increase in node and increases the specific location method of determination for disposing sensor node in region.The present embodiment is conducive to increasing
Add the further distribution of balanced sensor node on the basis of the network coverage, reduces covering cavity to the greatest extent, and then promoted wireless
The Monitoring Performance of sensor network extends network lifetime.
In a kind of mode that can be realized, environmental monitoring data is sent to one of relaying section by sensor node
Point, specifically: when sensor node is no more than the distance threshold of setting at a distance from nearest relay node, sensor node is straight
It connects and environmental monitoring data is sent to the nearest relay node, otherwise, calculate the weight of its neighbor node, and select weight most
Big neighbor node is sent to the next-hop node as next-hop node, by environmental monitoring data, and the neighbor node is
Remaining sensor node in sensor node communication range.
Wherein, the calculation formula of the weight are as follows:
In formula, WtqFor the weight of q-th of neighbor node of sensor node t, UtqIt is adjacent with its q-th for sensor node t
The distance of node is occupied,It is q-th of neighbor node at a distance from h-th of relay node, UtαFor sensor node t and its
The distance of the α neighbor node,It is the α neighbor node at a distance from h-th of relay node, ntFor sensor section
The neighbor node number of point t, v1、v2For the weight coefficient of setting.
The calculation formula for setting weight of the present embodiment novelty, in the present embodiment, sensor node and recently in
It selects the maximum neighbor node of weight as next-hop node when the distance of node is more than the distance threshold of setting, environment is supervised
Measured data is sent to the next-hop node, is conducive to save the energy consumption that environmental monitoring data is transmitted to relay node, further save
Cost of province's system in terms of environmental monitoring data collection.
Forest fire preventing monitor system is formed using wireless sensor network technology, reduces the artificial complexity for laying monitoring point
Property and difficulty, suitable for virgin forest uninhabited, with a varied topography；It is dense using wind transducer, Temperature Humidity Sensor, smog
Spend sensor and visual overlay can comprehensive monitoring forest environment, fire is prevented before not occurring, prevention is played
Effect.
Finally it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than the present invention is protected
The limitation of range is protected, although explaining in detail referring to preferred embodiment to the present invention, those skilled in the art are answered
Work as understanding, it can be with modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solution of the present invention are made, without departing from the reality of technical solution of the present invention
Matter and range.
Claims (6)
1. the forest fire protection intelligent monitor system based on wireless sensor network, characterized in that including data acquisition subsystem, prison
Control terminal；Data acquisition subsystem is used to acquire the environmental monitoring data in forest fire protection monitoring region, data acquisition subsystem
Including single aggregation node, four relay nodes and multiple sensor nodes, the forest that the aggregation node is deployed in setting is anti-
The center in thermal monitoring region, four relay nodes are set to the different location in forest fire protection monitoring region, and in four
Identical as the distance between aggregation node after node, the multiple sensor node needs to be deployed in described gloomy according to actual monitoring
In woods fireproof monitoring region；Sensor node is responsible for acquiring environmental monitoring data and environmental monitoring data is sent to one of them
Received environmental monitoring data single-hop is sent to aggregation node by relay node, relay node, and aggregation node convergence institute is received
Environmental monitoring data, and it is sent to the monitor terminal.
2. the forest fire protection intelligent monitor system according to claim 1 based on wireless sensor network, characterized in that pass
Sensor node is equipped with sensor module, and sensor module includes with the one or more of lower sensor:
Wind transducer, for acquiring the wind direction information in forest fire protection region；
Visual overlay, for acquiring the video information in forest fire protection region；
Smoke sensor device, for acquiring the smokescope information in forest fire protection regional environment；
Temperature Humidity Sensor, for acquiring the environment temperature and humidity information in forest fire protection region.
3. the forest fire protection intelligent monitor system according to claim 1 based on wireless sensor network, characterized in that institute
It states monitor terminal to be responsible for receiving the data that data acquisition subsystem transmits, obtains the environment of forest fire protection monitoring area in real time
Information and location information, alarm is issued when smokescope and temperature and humidity are more than setting value, and monitor terminal is soon made accordingly
Counter-measure.
4. the forest fire protection intelligent monitor system according to claim 3 based on wireless sensor network, characterized in that institute
State monitor terminal include for the memory module of storage environment monitoring data, for the display module of display environment monitoring data,
And whether exceed the analysis module of corresponding given threshold for analyzing environmental monitoring data；The monitor terminal further includes report
Alert module, for issuing alarm when environmental monitoring data exceeds corresponding given threshold.
5. the forest fire protection intelligent monitor system according to claim 1 based on wireless sensor network, characterized in that will
After multiple sensor nodes need to be deployed in the monitoring region according to actual monitoring, monitoring region is averagely divided into F
Square net region from the region of f monitoring requirements great efforts of F square net regional choice as region to be optimized, and is sentenced
Whether region to be optimized of breaking meets coverage rate deficiency condition, and region j to be optimized meets coverage rate deficiency condition if it exists, then to
Optimize and increases deployment sensor node in the j of region；
Sensor node model uses Boolean sense model, sensor node the perception radius isomery, the sense of any sensor node
Know that radius can be in [Cmin,Cmax] adjust in range, wherein CmaxAnd CminIt is divided into the bound of sensor node the perception radius, sets
The coverage rate deficiency condition are as follows:
In formula, niIndicate the sensor node quantity disposed in i-th of region to be optimized, DiFor described i-th region to be optimized
Area；MTFor preset coverage rate threshold value, p is monitoring requirements dynamics impact factor, and the value range of p is [0.10,0.20].
6. the forest fire protection intelligent monitor system according to claim 1 based on wireless sensor network, characterized in that
Increase deployment sensor node in region j to be optimized, comprising:
(1) region j to be optimized is divided into multiple square net subregions, calculates each square net subregion according to the following formula
Maximum possible coverage rate:
In formula, MrFor the maximum possible coverage rate of r-th of square net subregion in region j to be optimized, nrFor r-th of side
Sensor node quantity in shape grid subregion, DrFor the size of r-th of square net subregion；
(2) the average maximum possible coverage rate M of all square net subregions is calculatedavg, maximum possible coverage rate is less than Mavg
Square net subregion increase region as node；
(3) increase in each node and increase by 1 sensor node of deployment in region.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN109285312A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-01-29 | 东莞绿邦智能科技有限公司 | Forest fire preventing monitor system based on wireless sensor network |
| CN110225479A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-09-10 | 浙江天地人科技有限公司 | A kind of forest environment monitoring system |
| CN111176233A (en) * | 2019-12-29 | 2020-05-19 | 苏州宏软信息技术有限公司 | Distributed data acquisition method |
| CN111462439A (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2020-07-28 | 元博科技(香港)有限公司 | Fire detection early warning system |
| CN112530132A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-19 | 深圳市联正通达科技有限公司 | Intelligent fire control management and control system based on cloud computing service |
| CN115083130A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-09-20 | 深圳市博容能源有限公司 | Long-acting distributed emergency monitoring alarm system and method |
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| CN115083130A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-09-20 | 深圳市博容能源有限公司 | Long-acting distributed emergency monitoring alarm system and method |
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Application publication date: 20181214 |