CN109001671B - Target detection and parameter estimation method and device for frequency hopping signal - Google Patents

Target detection and parameter estimation method and device for frequency hopping signal Download PDF

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CN109001671B
CN109001671B CN201810615140.8A CN201810615140A CN109001671B CN 109001671 B CN109001671 B CN 109001671B CN 201810615140 A CN201810615140 A CN 201810615140A CN 109001671 B CN109001671 B CN 109001671B
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signals
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radiation source
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CN109001671A (en
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胡德秀
刘智鑫
赵拥军
赵勇胜
刘亚奇
赵砚
刘成城
白航
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Information Engineering University of PLA Strategic Support Force
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations

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Abstract

The invention relates to the field of signal processing, in particular to a target detection and parameter estimation method and device for frequency hopping signals. The method comprises the steps of carrying out two-path acquisition on signals of a target radiation source, carrying out pulse compression on the acquired signals, then carrying out phase compensation by combining parameter estimation, and finally carrying out FFT (fast Fourier transform) accumulation on a time dimension to obtain a target signal and obtain the position of the target radiation source according to the target signal. The invention can effectively process the frequency hopping signal, improves the positioning precision of the target radiation source and the target detection probability, provides theoretical support for the detection of the frequency hopping signal, adapts to lower signal-to-noise ratio and has accurate identification rate.

Description

Target detection and parameter estimation method and device for frequency hopping signal
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of signal processing, in particular to a target detection and parameter estimation method and device for frequency hopping signals.
Background
In recent years, with the development of electronic warfare, passive radar has become an important research point at home and abroad due to the characteristics of good concealment, strong viability and anti-stealth. The detection and processing technology for the radiation source signal is an important component, can obtain the accurate parameters of the radiation source signal, is an important basis for positioning a rear-end target, and has important significance.
With the continuous development and progress of the technology, new system radars are developed endlessly, the forms of radar signals are increasingly complex, radiation sources of complex system radars are rapidly increased and gradually occupy the dominant position, the traditional detection technology for continuous fixed-frequency signals tends to be mature and perfect, but the target detection technology for frequency-hopping signals is not mature, if the traditional continuous signal detection method is used, the reliability and the detection performance of the result will be rapidly reduced, and the error probability of target detection will be increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a target detection and parameter estimation method and device for frequency hopping signals, which are used for solving the problem that the target detection of the frequency hopping signals in the prior art is inaccurate.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a target detection and parameter estimation method for a frequency hopping signal, comprising the following steps:
synchronously acquiring signals of a target radiation source to obtain a first path of signals and a second path of signals;
taking the first path of signal as a reference signal, and taking the second path of signal as an echo of the reference signal;
performing pulse compression on the echo of the reference signal, and then performing FFT in a fast time dimension to obtain a compressed signal;
performing parameter estimation on the target radiation source by using Radon transformation;
compensating the phase of the compressed signal according to the result of the parameter estimation;
and accumulating the compressed signals after the phase compensation in a time dimension by adopting FFT (fast Fourier transform algorithm), so as to obtain target signals, and obtaining the position of the target radiation source according to the target signals.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method comprises the steps of carrying out two-path acquisition on signals of a target radiation source, carrying out pulse compression on the acquired signals, then carrying out phase compensation by combining parameter estimation, finally carrying out FFT (fast Fourier transform) accumulation on a time dimension to obtain target signals, and obtaining parameters such as the position of the target radiation source according to the target signals.
Further, a compensation factor is established according to the generalized Radon transformation, and the parameter estimation is carried out according to the compensation factor.
Further, the result of the parameter estimation comprises an initial position estimation value, a radial velocity estimation value and a radial acceleration estimation value of the target radiation source.
Further, the time dimension includes a fast time dimension and a slow time dimension.
The invention also provides a target detection and parameter estimation device of the frequency hopping signal, which comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores instructions for realizing the following method by the processor:
synchronously acquiring signals of a target radiation source to obtain a first path of signals and a second path of signals;
taking the first path of signal as a reference signal, and taking the second path of signal as an echo of the reference signal;
performing pulse compression on the echo of the reference signal, and then performing FFT in a fast time dimension to obtain a compressed signal;
performing parameter estimation on the target radiation source by using Radon transformation;
compensating the phase of the compressed signal according to the result of the parameter estimation;
and accumulating the compressed signals after the phase compensation in a time dimension by adopting FFT (fast Fourier transform algorithm), so as to obtain target signals, and obtaining the position of the target radiation source according to the target signals.
Further, a compensation factor is established according to the generalized Radon transformation, and the parameter estimation is carried out according to the compensation factor.
Further, the result of the parameter estimation comprises an initial position estimation value, a radial velocity estimation value and a radial acceleration estimation value of the target radiation source.
Further, the time dimension includes a fast time dimension and a slow time dimension.
The invention can effectively process the frequency hopping signal, improves the positioning precision of the target radiation source and the target detection probability, provides theoretical support for the detection of the frequency hopping signal, adapts to lower signal-to-noise ratio and has accurate identification rate.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of pulse compression in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of phase compensation in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of detection of an object in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the detection probability results of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention includes: 1) acquiring two paths of detection signals to obtain two paths of frequency hopping pulse signals; 2) one path of signal is taken as a reference signal, and pulse compression of the second path of signal is realized; 3) target parameter estimation is realized by means of generalized Radon transformation; 4) compensating the phase by using the parameter estimation result; 5) the accumulation of the target in both the fast and slow time dimensions is achieved using the FFT.
1) Two paths of acquisition are carried out on the detection signal to obtain a frequency hopping pulse signal r1(t, n) and r2(t,tmN), wherein:
Figure GDA0002498552730000041
Figure GDA0002498552730000042
Figure GDA0002498552730000043
Figure GDA0002498552730000044
in the formula, A1And A2Representing the amplitude of each path of signal; t denotes fast time, tmThe slow time is shown, c is the wave velocity (electromagnetic wave propagation velocity), N is the number of pulses, and N is 1,2, …, N. T isp、fc(n) and μ denote the pulse width, carrier frequency and chirp rate of the nth pulse, respectively. mu-B/TpAnd B denotes a signal bandwidth. R0Indicating the initial position of the target, v0And a0Representing target radial velocity and acceleration, respectively.
2) And taking one path of signal as a reference signal to realize pulse compression of the second path of signal.
Firstly, r is1(t, n) as a reference signal, r2(t,tmAnd n) as the echo of the reference signal, simulating and simulating the transmission and receiving signals of the active radar, realizing pulse compression, and obtaining:
Figure GDA0002498552730000045
where sinc (t) sin (t)/t. A. the3Denotes the amplitude of the signal after pulse compression, λ (n) denotes the wavelength corresponding to the nth pulse, and λ (n) ═ c/fc(n) of (a). FFT is carried out on the fast time t dimension according to the formula to obtain:
Figure GDA0002498552730000051
as can be seen from fig. 2, due to the existence of velocity and acceleration, the target undergoes range and doppler migration, and therefore the migration phenomenon needs to be removed by the following steps to realize accumulation, and as can be seen from equation (6), there are 6 terms for the phase to be removed, but only 3 parameters need to be estimated, so that phase compensation can be realized.
3) Achieving R of a target by means of a generalized Radon transform0、v0And a0The parameter estimation of (2).
And establishing a compensation factor according to the generalized Radon transformation.
Figure GDA0002498552730000052
Figure GDA0002498552730000053
Wherein N isr、NvAnd NaRespectively representing the search points of R, v and a, R, v and a respectively representing R0、v0And a0The corresponding search value. Then find R (N)r,Nv,Na) Maximum ofR, v and a corresponding to the value are the target R0、v0And a0Is estimated value of
Figure GDA0002498552730000054
And
Figure GDA0002498552730000055
namely:
Figure GDA0002498552730000056
4) using the parameter estimation results, the phase is compensated, i.e.:
Figure GDA0002498552730000057
after compensation, we get:
Figure GDA0002498552730000058
fig. 3 shows the compensated result, and it can be seen that the distance and doppler migration phenomenon in fig. 2 is eliminated by the phase compensation, and the target trajectory is corrected to be a straight line.
5) The accumulation of the target in both the fast and slow time dimensions is achieved using the FFT.
Figure GDA0002498552730000061
Fig. 4 shows the final result of target detection, i.e. the result diagram of equation (12), and it can be seen that after the phase is compensated, the range and doppler migration of the target are corrected, and finally the received signal is obtained
Figure GDA0002498552730000062
To be aggregated. As can be seen from fig. 4, the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the peak position correspond to the value
Figure GDA0002498552730000063
R can be obtained by calculation0And
Figure GDA0002498552730000064
by R0And
Figure GDA0002498552730000065
the initial position of the target and the movement speed of the target can be known, that is, the target detection is realized, and the purpose of the target detection is to estimate the initial position and the speed of the target.
Fig. 5 shows the analysis of the anti-noise performance of the method of the present invention, and it can be seen that the method of the present invention can still achieve the ideal detection performance under the signal-to-noise ratio of-30 dB.
The above embodiments of the present invention are provided, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments, for example, different acquisition manners of target radiation source signals, or equivalent transformation of specific means such as pulse compression, integral transformation, etc. in the processing process, and the technical solution formed by performing fine adjustment on the above embodiments still falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A target detection and parameter estimation method for frequency hopping signals is characterized by comprising the following steps:
synchronously acquiring signals of a target radiation source to obtain a first path of signals and a second path of signals;
taking the first path of signal as a reference signal, and taking the second path of signal as an echo of the reference signal;
performing pulse compression on the echo of the reference signal, and then performing FFT in a fast time dimension to obtain a compressed signal;
performing parameter estimation on the target radiation source by using Radon transformation;
compensating the phase of the compressed signal according to the result of the parameter estimation;
and accumulating the compressed signals after the phase compensation in a time dimension by adopting FFT (fast Fourier transform algorithm), so as to obtain target signals, and obtaining the position of the target radiation source according to the target signals.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the target detection and parameter estimation comprises: and establishing a compensation factor according to the generalized Radon transformation, and estimating the parameters according to the compensation factor.
3. A method of object detection and parameter estimation of a frequency hopping signal according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the result of the parameter estimation comprises an initial position estimation value, a radial velocity estimation value and a radial acceleration estimation value of the target radiation source.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the target detection and parameter estimation comprises: the time dimension includes a fast time dimension and a slow time dimension.
5. An apparatus for target detection and parameter estimation of a frequency hopped signal, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores instructions for the processor to implement the method comprising:
synchronously acquiring signals of a target radiation source to obtain a first path of signals and a second path of signals;
taking the first path of signal as a reference signal, and taking the second path of signal as an echo of the reference signal;
performing pulse compression on the echo of the reference signal, and then performing FFT in a fast time dimension to obtain a compressed signal;
performing parameter estimation on the target radiation source by using Radon transformation;
compensating the phase of the compressed signal according to the result of the parameter estimation;
and accumulating the compressed signals after the phase compensation in a time dimension by adopting FFT (fast Fourier transform algorithm), so as to obtain target signals, and obtaining the position of the target radiation source according to the target signals.
6. The apparatus for object detection and parameter estimation of frequency hopping signal according to claim 5, wherein: and establishing a compensation factor according to the generalized Radon transformation, and estimating the parameters according to the compensation factor.
7. The apparatus for object detection and parameter estimation of a frequency hopping signal according to claim 5 or 6, wherein: the result of the parameter estimation comprises an initial position estimation value, a radial velocity estimation value and a radial acceleration estimation value of the target radiation source.
8. The apparatus for object detection and parameter estimation of frequency hopping signal according to claim 7, wherein: the time dimension includes a fast time dimension and a slow time dimension.
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CN106209703A (en) * 2016-07-08 2016-12-07 中国人民解放军信息工程大学 A kind of Frequency Hopping Signal Blind Parameter Estimation and device
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