CN108997677A - 一种易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108997677A
CN108997677A CN201810963950.2A CN201810963950A CN108997677A CN 108997677 A CN108997677 A CN 108997677A CN 201810963950 A CN201810963950 A CN 201810963950A CN 108997677 A CN108997677 A CN 108997677A
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张程
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料及其制备方法,其原料包括聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯、填料、颜料、热塑性弹性体、发泡剂和润滑剂,以质量百分含量计,热塑性弹性体占原料的质量百分含量为5‑15%,发泡剂为偶氮二甲酰胺;制备方法:1)按配方称取各原料,将称取的聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯和热塑性弹性体烘干至含水率3%以下;2)依次将称取的填料、颜料、偶氮二甲酰胺和润滑剂加入烘干后的聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯和热塑性弹性体三者的混合料中,混匀,挤出成型,制得;本发明材料制成的笔杆材料发泡细腻,泡孔均匀,卷削后外观与木材相似,而且极易于卷削,尤其适合儿童的使用。

Description

一种易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于文具用品领域,具体涉及一种易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
传统的铅笔杆主要是以木材为原料制成,但此种方式对木材的要求高,仅有红柏、香衫、西达木、椴木和恺木等有限种木材可以适用,严重制约其应用于发展,且不符合现下对环境保护的要求。基于此,本领域的技术人员提出以塑料笔杆代替原先木材铅笔杆,但是现有的塑料铅笔笔杆,其卷削阻力大,发泡不细腻,泡孔不均匀,致使外观不完美,尤其是对于儿童使用的特殊场合下,卷削阻力严重不符合要求。
例如中国发明专利CN1457989A,其公开了一种塑料铅笔,由笔杆、笔芯、包皮组成,笔杆料、笔芯料、包皮料主要为塑料,其中:a、笔杆料包括:工程塑料(ABS)、共聚物(SBS)或聚乙烯、滑石粉、重质钛酸钙、发泡剂、硬脂酸镁、白油,其重量配比为:工程塑料(ABS) 18~36%、共聚物(SBS)6~15%、滑石粉20~60%、重质钛酸钙2~20、发泡剂0.8~8%、硬脂酸镁1~10%、白油0.3~5%;b、笔芯料包括:石墨、聚苯乙烯、工程塑料(ABS)、助剂,其重量比为:石墨50~70%、聚苯乙烯10~40、工程塑料(ABS)5~10%、助剂2~20;c、包皮料包括:工程塑料(ABS)、高温颜料,其重量比为:工程塑料(ABS)90~95%、高温颜料5~10%;又如中国发明专利CN1113857A,其公开了一种塑料铅笔的制造方法,铅笔笔杆是由塑料注塑成型,塑料的成份包括主料有聚乙烯、聚丙稀及聚氯乙烯,添加剂有陶土、滑石粉、石膏粉、色母等。上述两个专利虽然都实现了以塑料代替木材的目的,但是卷削阻力仍然不满足儿童使用的场合,且发泡外观仍不完美,影响使用体验。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术中一种或多种不足,提供了一种改进的易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料,其制成的笔杆发泡细腻,泡孔均匀,卷削后外观与木材相似,而且极易于卷削,尤其适合儿童的使用。
本发明还提供了一种易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料的制备方法。
为解决以上技术问题,本发明采取的一种技术方案如下:
一种易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料,所述塑料铅笔杆材料的原料包括聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯、填料、颜料,所述原料还包括热塑性弹性体、发泡剂和润滑剂,以质量百分含量计,所述热塑性弹性体占所述原料的质量百分含量为5-15%,其中所述发泡剂为偶氮二甲酰胺。
本发明中,所述聚氯乙烯可以选自纯的聚氯乙烯塑料或者废气的聚氯乙烯塑料,所述聚丙烯可以选自纯的聚丙烯塑料或者废气的聚丙烯塑料。
根据本发明的一些优选方面,所述热塑性弹性体的投料量与所述聚氯乙烯和所述聚丙烯二者的总投料量之比为0.1-0.5︰1。
根据本发明的一些优选方面,所述偶氮二甲酰胺的投料量与所述聚氯乙烯、所述聚丙烯和所述热塑性弹性体三者的总投料量之比为0.05-0.20︰1。更优选地,所述偶氮二甲酰胺的投料量与所述聚氯乙烯、所述聚丙烯和所述热塑性弹性体三者的总投料量之比为0.05-0.17︰1。
根据本发明的一些优选方面,以质量百分含量计,所述原料中,所述聚氯乙烯占15-40%、所述聚丙烯占5-20%、所述热塑性弹性体占5-15%、所述填料占20-40%、所述颜料占3-20%、所述发泡剂占3-7%和所述润滑剂占2-16%。
根据本发明的一些优选方面,所述聚丙烯的数均分子量为30000-80000。更优选地,所述聚丙烯的数均分子量为40000~50000。
根据本发明的一个具体且优选的方面,所述聚丙烯为等规聚丙烯。
根据本发明的一些优选方面,所述聚氯乙烯的平均分子量为40000-60000。更优选地,所述聚氯乙烯的平均分子量为48000~54000。
根据本发明的一些优选方面,所述热塑性弹性体为苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(简称SBS),其中丁二烯的质量含量为50-70%。
根据本发明的一些优选方面,所述苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物以ASTMD1238标准在190℃条件下按照测试载荷为2.16Kg时测定的熔融指数为0.1-5g/10min。更优选地,所述苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物的熔融指数为0.1-2 g/10min。进一步优选地,所述苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物的熔融指数为0.3~0.5g/10min。
根据本发明的一些优选方面,所述填料为选自碳酸钙、钛白粉、高岭土、滑石粉和空心玻璃微珠中的一种或者多种的组合。
根据本发明的一些优选方面,所述颜料为选自有机色粉、无机色粉和染料中的一种或者多种的组合。根据本发明的一个具体方面,所述颜料具体可以包括但不限于铁红、永固黄、永固红等。
根据本发明的一些优选方面,所述润滑剂由硬脂酸锌和硬脂酸钙按照质量比1︰1-8组成。
本发明提供的又一技术方案:一种上述所述的易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料的制备方法,所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)按配方称取各原料,将称取的所述聚氯乙烯、所述聚丙烯和所述热塑性弹性体烘干至含水率3%以下;
(2)依次将称取的所述填料、所述颜料、所述偶氮二甲酰胺和所述润滑剂加入烘干后的所述聚氯乙烯、所述聚丙烯和所述热塑性弹性体三者的混合料中,混匀,挤出成型,制得所述易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料。
根据本发明的一些优选方面,步骤(1)中,使称取的所述聚氯乙烯、所述聚丙烯和所述热塑性弹性体在温度为50-80℃下进行烘干。
根据本发明的一些优选方面,步骤(2)中,所述挤出的挤出温度为180-220℃。
由于以上技术方案的采用,本发明与现有技术相比具有如下优点:
本发明的塑料铅笔杆材料,以聚丙烯-聚氯乙烯为基体,通过添加特定比例的热塑性弹性体以及特定的发泡剂偶氮二甲酰胺,使得制成的塑料铅笔杆发泡细腻,泡孔均匀,且卷削后外观与木材相似,尤其是其卷削阻力小进而尤其适用于儿童使用;同时其制备工艺简单,不需要特殊设备,成本低,适合大规模生产。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对上述方案做进一步说明;应理解,这些实施例是用于说明本发明的基本原理、主要特征和优点,而本发明不受以下实施例的范围限制;实施例中采用的实施条件可以根据具体要求做进一步调整,未注明的实施条件通常为常规实验中的条件。
下述实施例中未作特殊说明,所有原料均来自于商购或通过本领域的常规方法制备而得。下述实施例中,聚氯乙烯购自宁波奥德PVC1050,数均分子量为49000;等规聚丙烯购自韩国三星BC450,数均分子量为42000;苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物具体为SBS1301,购自中国石化,熔融指数(ASTM D1238,190℃,2.16Kg)为0.4g/10min,其它原料均为商购的工业品。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料,以质量份数计,其原料包括聚氯乙烯15份、等规聚丙烯占15份、SBS1301 15份、滑石粉15份、空心玻璃微珠17份、铁红10份、偶氮二甲酰胺4份、硬脂酸锌4份和硬脂酸钙5份。
其制备方法为:按配方称取上述各原料,将入15份聚氯乙烯、15份等规聚丙烯、15份SBS1301放入烘干机内烘干,烘干温度为60℃,烘干后含水率不大于3%。将烘干后的上述树脂原料加入高速共混机中搅拌10min,使之分散无结块。依次将15份滑石粉、17份空心玻璃微珠、10份铁红、4份偶氮二甲酰胺、4份硬脂酸锌,5份硬脂酸钙加入高速共混机中搅拌30min,使原材料充分混合均匀。将搅拌后的原材料经过双螺杆挤出机挤出,挤出温度为210℃,然后经过风冷模面热切,最后制成所述易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料。
本例制备的塑料铅笔杆材料发泡细腻,泡孔均匀,卷削后与木材的外观相似,测得卷削阻力为0.52N,卷削阻力的测试方法为QB/T 1357。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料,以质量份数计,其原料包括聚氯乙烯40份、等规聚丙烯占10份、SBS1301 10份、滑石粉10份、高岭土10份、铁红5份、偶氮二甲酰胺7份、硬脂酸锌3份和硬脂酸钙5份。
其制备方法为:按配方称取上述各原料,将入40份聚氯乙烯、10份等规聚丙烯、10份SBS1301放入烘干机内烘干,烘干温度为60℃,烘干后含水率不大于3%。将烘干后的上述树脂原料加入高速共混机中搅拌10min,使之分散无结块。依次将10份滑石粉、10份高岭土、5份铁红、7份偶氮二甲酰胺、3份硬脂酸锌,5份硬脂酸钙加入高速共混机中搅拌30min,使原材料充分混合均匀。将搅拌后的原材料经过双螺杆挤出机挤出,挤出温度为190℃,然后经过风冷模面热切,最后制成所述易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料。
本例制备的塑料铅笔杆材料发泡细腻,泡孔均匀,卷削后与木材的外观相似,测得卷削阻力为0.50N。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料,以质量份数计,其原料包括聚氯乙烯20份、等规聚丙烯占20份、SBS1301 5份、碳酸钙20份、高岭土9份、永固黄12份、偶氮二甲酰胺6份、硬脂酸锌4份和硬脂酸钙4份。
其制备方法为:按配方称取上述各原料,将入20份聚氯乙烯、20份等规聚丙烯、5份SBS1301放入烘干机内烘干,烘干温度为60℃,烘干后含水率不大于3%。将烘干后的上述树脂原料加入高速共混机中搅拌10min,使之分散无结块。依次称量20份碳酸钙、9份高岭土、12份永固黄、6份偶氮二甲酰胺、4份硬脂酸锌,4份硬脂酸钙加入高速共混机中搅拌30min,使原材料充分混合均匀。将搅拌后的原材料经过双螺杆挤出机挤出,挤出温度为200℃,然后经过风冷模面热切,最后制成所述易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料。
本例制备的塑料铅笔杆材料发泡细腻,泡孔均匀,卷削后与木材的外观相似,测得卷削阻力为0.43N。
实施例4
本实施例提供一种易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料,以质量份数计,其原料包括聚氯乙烯20份、等规聚丙烯占5份、SBS1301 5份、钛白粉5份、高岭土30份、永固红20份、偶氮二甲酰胺5份、硬脂酸锌5份和硬脂酸钙5份。
其制备方法为:按配方称取上述各原料,将入20份聚氯乙烯、5份等规聚丙烯、5份SBS1301放入烘干机内烘干,烘干温度为60℃,烘干后含水率不大于3%。将烘干后的上述树脂原料加入高速共混机中搅拌10min,使之分散无结块。依次称量5份钛白粉、30份高岭土、20份永固红、5份偶氮二甲酰胺、5份硬脂酸锌,5份硬脂酸钙加入高速共混机中搅拌30min,使原材料充分混合均匀。将搅拌后的原材料经过双螺杆挤出机挤出,挤出温度为180℃,然后经过风冷模面热切,最后制成所述易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料。
本例制备的塑料铅笔杆材料发泡细腻,泡孔均匀,卷削后与木材的外观相似,测得卷削阻力为0.45N。
实施例5
本实施例提供一种易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料,以质量份数计,其原料包括聚氯乙烯30份、等规聚丙烯占15份、SBS1301 10份、钛白粉12份、高岭土10份、铁红10份、偶氮二甲酰胺3份、硬脂酸锌5份和硬脂酸钙5份。
其制备方法为:按配方称取上述各原料,将入30份聚氯乙烯、15份等规聚丙烯、10份SBS1301放入烘干机内烘干,烘干温度为60℃,烘干后含水率不大于3%。将烘干后的上述树脂原料加入高速共混机中搅拌10min,使之分散无结块。依次称量12份钛白粉、10份高岭土、10份铁红、3份偶氮二甲酰胺、5份硬脂酸锌,5份硬脂酸钙加入高速共混机中搅拌30min,使原材料充分混合均匀。将搅拌后的原材料经过双螺杆挤出机挤出,挤出温度为180℃,然后经过风冷模面热切,最后制成所述易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料。
本例制备的塑料铅笔杆材料发泡细腻,泡孔均匀,卷削后与木材的外观相似,测得卷削阻力为0.48N。
对比例1
其基本同实施例1,其区别在于原料中不加SBS1301。制备的塑料铅笔杆材料发泡泡孔不均匀,测得卷削阻力为0.67N。
对比例2
其基本同实施例1,其区别在于将原料中的发泡剂替换为市售的有机发泡剂K12工业十二烷基硫酸钠。制备的塑料铅笔杆材料发泡不细腻,泡孔孔径大小不均,测得卷削阻力为0.79N。
对比例3
市售的传统木头铅笔。测得卷削阻力为0.83N。
对比例4
市售的塑料挤出铅笔。测得卷削阻力为0.73N。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点,其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施,并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围,凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料,所述塑料铅笔杆材料的原料包括聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯、填料、颜料,其特征在于,所述原料还包括热塑性弹性体、发泡剂和润滑剂,以质量百分含量计,所述热塑性弹性体占所述原料的质量百分含量为5-15%,其中所述发泡剂为偶氮二甲酰胺。
2.根据权利要求1所述的易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料,其特征在于,所述热塑性弹性体的投料量与所述聚氯乙烯和所述聚丙烯二者的总投料量之比为0.1-0.5︰1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料,其特征在于,所述偶氮二甲酰胺的投料量与所述聚氯乙烯、所述聚丙烯和所述热塑性弹性体三者的总投料量之比为0.05-0.20︰1。
4.根据权利要求1所述的易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料,其特征在于,以质量百分含量计,所述原料中,所述聚氯乙烯占15-40%、所述聚丙烯占5-20%、所述热塑性弹性体占5-15%、所述填料占20-40%、所述颜料占3-20%、所述发泡剂占3-7%和所述润滑剂占2-16%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料,其特征在于,所述聚丙烯的数均分子量为30000~80000,和/或,所述聚氯乙烯的数均分子量为40000~60000。
6.根据权利要求1所述的易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料,其特征在于,所述聚丙烯为等规聚丙烯。
7.根据权利要求1所述的易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料,其特征在于,所述热塑性弹性体为苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物,其中丁二烯的含量为50-70%。
8.根据权利要求7所述的易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料,其特征在于,所述苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物以ASTM D1238标准在190℃条件下按照测试载荷为2.16Kg时测定的熔融指数为0.1~5g/10min。
9.根据权利要求1所述的易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料,其特征在于,所述填料为选自碳酸钙、高岭土、钛白粉、滑石粉和空心玻璃微珠中的一种或者多种的组合;和/或,所述颜料为选自有机色粉、无机色粉和染料中的一种或者多种的组合;和/或,所述润滑剂由硬脂酸锌和硬脂酸钙按照质量比1︰1-8组成。
10.一种权利要求1-9中任一项权利要求所述的易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)按配方称取各原料,将称取的所述聚氯乙烯、所述聚丙烯和所述热塑性弹性体烘干至含水率3%以下;
(2)依次将称取的所述填料、所述颜料、所述偶氮二甲酰胺和所述润滑剂加入烘干后的所述聚氯乙烯、所述聚丙烯和所述热塑性弹性体三者的混合料中,混匀,挤出成型,制得所述易卷削环保型塑料铅笔杆材料。
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