CN108996859B - High-concentration petroleum sludge green cleaning-thermal desorption integrated technology treatment method and treatment system - Google Patents
High-concentration petroleum sludge green cleaning-thermal desorption integrated technology treatment method and treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108996859B CN108996859B CN201811001871.XA CN201811001871A CN108996859B CN 108996859 B CN108996859 B CN 108996859B CN 201811001871 A CN201811001871 A CN 201811001871A CN 108996859 B CN108996859 B CN 108996859B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
- B01D47/06—Spray cleaning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
- B01D53/40—Acidic components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/79—Injecting reactants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/06—Sludge reduction, e.g. by lysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/10—Energy recovery
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-concentration petroleum sludge green cleaning-thermal desorption integrated technology treatment method and a treatment system, wherein the treatment method comprises the treatment steps of homogeneous impurity removal pretreatment, chemical thermal washing treatment, solid-liquid separation and oil-water separation, oil sludge thermal desorption and high-temperature combustion oxidation, heat exchange and tail gas cooling and dust removal; this processing system includes fatlute chemistry thermal washing system and fatlute innocent heat desorption system, and fatlute chemistry thermal washing system is connected gradually by fatlute homogeneity groove, fatlute chemistry thermal washing jar, high-efficient solid-liquid separator, oil water separator, sewage integration processing system, water storage tank and is formed, and fatlute innocent heat desorption system mainly comprises mud drying-machine, condensation recovery system, thermal desorption charge-in system, thermal desorption system, high temperature combustion oxidation system, exhaust-heat boiler and discharge system. The invention adopts the combined application of the chemical hot washing technology and the thermal desorption technology, and can simultaneously realize the multiple effects of recycling resources such as petroleum substances, heat and the like, reducing the quantity of oily sludge, harmlessness and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil sludge treatment, in particular to a treatment method and a treatment system of a high-concentration petroleum sludge green cleaning-thermal desorption integrated technology.
Background
As a chemical energy source, petroleum inevitably generates a large amount of waste residues, waste water and waste gas in the processes of mining, transporting, storing, processing and the like, thereby bringing great potential threats to social environment and human safety. Especially, the high-concentration oily sludge contains a large amount of odorous toxic substances such as benzene series, anthracene, phenols, pyrene and the like, and if the oily sludge cannot be treated in time, the oily sludge can cause different degrees of influence on a production area and the surrounding environment: the oil gas in the oily sludge is volatilized, so that the total hydrocarbon concentration of the air quality in a production area exceeds the standard; the scattered and stacked oily sludge pollutes surface water and even underground water, so that COD, BOD and petroleum in the water seriously exceed the standard; the oily sludge contains a large amount of crude oil, which causes the overproof of petroleum in soil and soil hardening, thus vegetation in the area is damaged, grasslands are degraded, and the ecological environment is affected. Because some hydrocarbon substances contained in crude oil have carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic effects, oil field oily sludge is classified as dangerous solid waste (HW08) for management.
Oil sludge with the oil content of more than 15 percent is generally called high-concentration petroleum sludge, at present, a thermochemical cleaning method is adopted for recovering crude oil aiming at the high-concentration petroleum sludge, but only the thermochemical cleaning method is adopted, the cleaned oil sludge still has higher oil content, and the oil sludge cannot reach the standard of direct discharge or utilization. If the directly-heated thermal desorption is used for directly carrying out harmless treatment on the high-concentration petroleum sludge, the method has the defects of large potential safety hazard, high energy consumption, petroleum resource waste and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a treatment method and a treatment system of a high-concentration petroleum sludge green cleaning-thermal desorption integrated technology, which adopt a cleaning technology and a thermal desorption technology to treat the high-concentration petroleum sludge in a combined manner, can recover resources and safely carry out harmless treatment on the petroleum sludge.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention relates to a high-concentration petroleum sludge green cleaning-thermal desorption integrated technology treatment method, which comprises the following treatment steps:
(1) homogenizing and impurity removing pretreatment: carrying out hardening and tempering and dispersion treatment on the oil sludge, and removing garbage impurities in the oil sludge;
(2) chemical hot washing treatment: sending the homogenized and impurity-removed oil sludge into a chemical hot washing tank with hot water and a cleaning agent inside, separating crude oil from the oil sludge by stirring, scraping the separated oil from the top of the chemical hot washing tank, storing the oil in a recovery oil tank, and discharging a solid phase after chemical hot washing from the bottom of the chemical hot washing tank to send into a high-efficiency solid-liquid separator;
(3) solid-liquid separation and oil-water separation: carrying out solid-liquid separation through a high-efficiency solid-liquid separator to reduce the oil content of the separated oil sludge to 3% -6% and the water content to 60% -70%, then conveying the oil sludge to an oil sludge temporary storage area for temporary storage or directly conveying the oil sludge into a sludge dryer, conveying the sewage separated by the high-efficiency solid-liquid separator into an oil-water separator, conveying the oil separated by the oil-water separator into a recovery oil tank, conveying the sewage separated by the oil-water separator into a sewage integrated treatment system for treatment, storing the treated water in a water storage tank, and recycling the treated water into a chemical hot washing tank;
(4) drying and condensing recovery treatment of oil sludge: drying the oil sludge fed into the sludge dryer until the water content is below 20%, feeding steam generated in the drying process into a condensation recovery system for condensation, and feeding condensate into an oil-water separator for oil-water separation after oil and water are condensed;
(5) oil sludge thermal desorption treatment and high-temperature combustion oxidation treatment: the oily sludge treated by the sludge dryer is sent to a thermal desorption system, the temperature of a thermal desorption chamber of the thermal desorption system is controlled between 300 ℃ and 750 ℃, the thermal desorption chamber is ensured to be in a micro-negative pressure state, the conveying direction of the oil sludge is opposite to the flowing direction of the flue gas, and the oil sludge is ensured to complete desorption and cracking in an anoxic state;
(6) heat exchange treatment: conveying the flue gas generated by the thermal desorption system in the step (5) and the non-condensable light components generated by the condensation recovery system in the step (4) to a high-temperature combustion oxidation system for complete combustion oxidation, conveying high-temperature tail gas from the high-temperature combustion oxidation system to a waste heat boiler for waste heat recovery, and using the generated superheated steam as a heat source of a chemical hot washing tank and a sludge dryer;
(7) tail gas cooling and dedusting treatment: sending the medium-temperature tail gas from the waste heat boiler into a quench tower, reducing the temperature of the tail gas to be below 200 ℃ through the quench tower, then removing acid gas through temperature reduction and dust removal and spraying alkali liquor, and discharging the tail gas into the atmosphere through a chimney after the tail gas reaches the standard through treatment.
In the step (6), the high-temperature combustion oxidation system adopts natural gas to burn with open fire, the working temperature is 850-1100 ℃, and the retention time is 1.5-2 seconds, so that the organic components are thoroughly and harmlessly eliminated, and the generation of dioxin is prevented.
In the step (6), the high-temperature tail gas from the high-temperature combustion oxidation system is about 1000 ℃, and the high-temperature tail gas is sent to a waste heat boiler for waste heat recovery and then is reduced to medium-temperature tail gas of 500 ℃.
The invention relates to a high-concentration petroleum sludge green cleaning-thermal desorption integrated technology treatment system which mainly comprises a chemical thermal cleaning system for oil sludge and an harmless thermal desorption system for oil sludge, wherein the chemical thermal cleaning system for oil sludge is formed by sequentially connecting an oil sludge homogenizing tank 1, a chemical thermal cleaning tank 2, a high-efficiency solid-liquid separator 3, an oil-water separator 4, a sewage integrated treatment system 6 and a water storage tank 23 through pipelines, a top oil outlet of the chemical thermal cleaning tank 2 and an oil outlet of the oil-water separator 4 are respectively connected with a recovery oil tank 5 through pipelines, the bottom of the chemical thermal cleaning tank 2 is connected with the high-efficiency solid-liquid separator 3 through a pipeline, and a liquid outlet of the high-efficiency solid-liquid separator 3 is connected with the oil-water separator 4; the oil sludge harmless thermal desorption system consists of a sludge dryer 10, a condensation recovery system 11, a thermal desorption feeding system 7, a thermal desorption system 8, a high-temperature combustion oxidation system 9, a waste heat boiler 13, a tail gas cooling and dedusting treatment system and a discharge system, wherein a solid discharge port of the high-efficiency solid-liquid separator 3 is connected with a feed port of the sludge dryer 10, a steam outlet of the sludge dryer 10 is connected with the condensation recovery system 11, a non-condensable gas outlet of the condensation recovery system 11 is connected with the high-temperature combustion oxidation system 9 through a pipeline, and a condensate outlet of the condensation recovery system 11 is connected with the oil-water separator 4 through a pipeline; sludge drying machine 10's solid discharge gate is connected with thermal desorption feed system 7, thermal desorption feed system 7 is connected with thermal desorption system 8, thermal desorption exhanst gas outlet 83 of thermal desorption system 8 is connected with high temperature combustion oxidation system 9's flue gas inlet 91, thermal desorption system 8's discharge gate is connected with discharge system, exhaust-heat boiler 13 is connected to high temperature combustion oxidation system 9's tail gas outlet 93, exhaust-heat boiler 13's steam outlet is through pipe connection chemical hot washing jar 2 and sludge drying machine 10, exhaust-heat boiler's exhanst gas outlet is connected with tail gas cooling dust removal processing system, tail gas discharges in the atmosphere after tail gas cooling dust removal processing system handles.
The oil-water separator 4 comprises a buffer tank 41, a reaction tank 42, an oil storage tank 44 and a water outlet tank 43, wherein the buffer tank 41, the reaction tank 42 and the water outlet tank 43 are sequentially arranged, the oil storage tank 44 is positioned at the upper part of the reaction tank 42, the oil storage tank 44 is connected with a recovery oil tank 5 through a pipeline, and the buffer tank 41 is connected with a liquid outlet of the high-efficiency solid-liquid separator 3 through a pipeline.
The thermal desorption oil sludge feeding system 7 comprises a feeding bin 71, a belt conveyor 72 and a metering hopper 73, wherein the feeding bin 71 is positioned at the inlet of the belt conveyor 72, the metering hopper 73 is positioned at the outlet of the belt conveyor 72, and the outlet of the metering hopper 73 is connected with a feeding port of a thermal desorption system 8.
The thermal desorption system 8 comprises a thermal desorption chamber coated with refractory materials, a series of thermal desorption burners 82 are mounted at the top of the thermal desorption chamber, a stainless steel crawler-type conveyor belt 81 is arranged below the thermal desorption burners 82, a feeding port is arranged at one end of the thermal desorption chamber, a discharging propeller 84 is arranged at the other end of the thermal desorption chamber, and a thermal desorption flue gas outlet 83 is arranged at the top of the thermal desorption chamber.
The high-temperature combustion oxidation system 9 comprises a high-temperature combustion chamber, wherein one end of the high-temperature combustion chamber is provided with a flue gas inlet 91 and a high-temperature combustor 92, the other end of the high-temperature combustion chamber is provided with a tail gas outlet 93, and the tail gas outlet 93 is connected with a waste heat boiler 13.
The tail gas cooling and dedusting treatment system comprises a quench tower 14, a spray tower 15, a settling tower 16, an induced draft fan 17 and a chimney 18, wherein the spray tower 15 is communicated with the settling tower 16, the quench tower 14 is connected with the spray tower 15 through a pipeline, the outlet of the settling tower 16 is connected with the chimney 18 through a pipeline, and the induced draft fan 17 is installed on the pipeline.
The discharging system comprises a discharging hopper 19, a double-shaft spiral unloader 20 and a discharging bin 21, wherein the discharging hopper 19 is positioned at the inlet of the double-shaft spiral unloader 20, the discharging bin 21 is positioned at the outlet of the double-shaft spiral unloader 20, the outer layer of the double-shaft spiral unloader 20 is wrapped with a cooling water layer, and the top of the discharging bin 21 is provided with a spraying device so as to reduce the temperature and dust of the residue soil in the bin.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the cleaning agent adopted by the invention is green and environment-friendly, the cleaning effect is obvious, the oil-water-solid three-phase layering efficiency is high after cleaning, and the oil recovery rate is high.
(2) The thermal desorption system adopts the high-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant stainless steel track for transmission, directly heats the oil sludge in a flame mode, has high desorption efficiency and large treatment capacity, and can realize high operation temperature and retention time.
(3) The whole system of the invention is kept in a micro-negative pressure state, and can ensure that pollutants and dust do not overflow under normal conditions, thereby preventing secondary pollution.
(4) The length of the adopted high-temperature combustion chamber is long enough, the residence time is long enough, the supplemented air is excessive, the combustion temperature is high enough, 3T incineration is realized, complete combustion of organic gas is ensured, and the generation of dioxin can be effectively prevented.
(5) The waste heat of the whole system is recycled, so that the energy consumption is saved, and the energy consumption cost is reduced.
(6) By adopting the combined application of the chemical hot washing technology and the thermal desorption technology, multiple effects of recycling resources such as petroleum substances, heat and the like, reducing and harmlessly treating oily sludge and the like can be realized simultaneously.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow chart of the treatment method of the high-concentration petroleum sludge green cleaning-thermal desorption integrated technology.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a treatment system of the high-concentration petroleum sludge green cleaning-thermal desorption integrated technology.
In the figure: the system comprises an oil sludge homogenizing tank 1, a chemical hot washing tank 2, a high-efficiency solid-liquid separator 3, an oil-water separator 4, a sewage buffer tank 41, a reaction tank 42, an oil storage tank 44, a water outlet tank 43, a recovery oil tank 5, a sewage integrated treatment system 6, a thermal desorption feeding system 7, a feeding bin 71, a belt conveyor 72, a metering feed hopper 73, a thermal desorption system 8, a stainless steel crawler 81, a thermal desorption burner 82, a thermal desorption flue gas outlet 83, a discharge propeller 84, a high-temperature combustion oxidation system 9, a flue gas inlet 91, a high-temperature burner 92, a high-temperature tail gas outlet 93, a sludge dryer 10, a condensation recovery system 11, a condensate pump 12, a waste heat boiler 13, a quench tower 14, a spray tower 15, a settling tower 16, an induced draft fan 17, a chimney 18, a discharge hopper 19, a double-shaft screw conveyor 20, a discharge bin 21, a dosing system 22, a water storage tank 23, a first mud, a sewage pump 26 and a grille 27.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the green cleaning-thermal desorption integrated technology treatment method for high-concentration petroleum sludge comprises the following treatment steps:
(1) homogenizing and impurity removing pretreatment: the oil sludge is subjected to conditioning and dispersion pretreatment, an oil sludge dispersing agent can be added in the conditioning process to adjust the dispersion of the oil sludge, so that garbage sundries with the size of more than or equal to 10mm, such as color stripe cloth woven bag fragments, labor protection supplies, weeds, brick and tile blocks, iron wires and the like in the oil sludge are intercepted by the grating, and the sundries intercepted by the grating are periodically cleaned.
(2) Chemical hot washing treatment: the method comprises the steps of feeding oil sludge subjected to homogenizing impurity removal treatment into a chemical heat washing tank filled with hot water (60-80 ℃) and cleaning agents (such as alkali liquor, surfactants and the like), wherein the chemical heat washing tank is provided with a dosing system for adding the cleaning agents, the green and environment-friendly cleaning agents, the hot water and the oil sludge are forcibly and fully stirred by a stirring paddle in the chemical heat washing tank, so that crude oil is separated from the oil sludge, the separated oil is scraped out from the top of the chemical heat washing tank and is stored in a recovery oil tank, and a solid phase after chemical heat washing is discharged from the bottom of the chemical heat washing tank and is fed into a high-efficiency solid-liquid separator.
(3) Solid-liquid separation and oil-water separation: the solid-liquid separation is carried out through a high-efficiency solid-liquid separator, the oil content of the separated oil sludge is reduced to 3% -6%, the water content is 60% -70%, the separated oil sludge is conveyed to an oil sludge temporary storage area for temporary storage or is directly conveyed into a sludge dryer by a small-sized dump truck, the sewage separated by the high-efficiency solid-liquid separator is conveyed into an oil-water separator, the oil separated by the oil-water separator is conveyed into a recovery oil tank, the sewage separated by the oil-water separator is conveyed into a sewage integrated treatment system (the structure of the equipment can adopt heavy metal wastewater complete treatment equipment disclosed by the Chinese patent number ZL201220225085.X, and can also adopt other equipment for realizing sewage treatment), the treated water is stored in a water storage tank and is recycled in a chemical heat washing tank.
(4) Drying and condensing recovery treatment of oil sludge: the dewatered sludge has a water content of about 60 percent and cannot directly enter a thermal desorption system, so that oil sludge fed into a sludge dryer needs to be dried until the water content is below 20 percent, a heat source of the sludge dryer mainly comes from heat recovered by an electricity and waste heat boiler, steam generated in the drying process is fed into a condensation recovery system for condensation, oil and water are condensed, condensate is fed into an oil-water separator for oil-water separation, recovered oil is collected and then is transported to a treatment station for treatment, separated water enters a sewage integrated treatment system, an oil sludge chemical hot washing tank is supplied for reuse, non-condensable light components (namely non-condensable gas) are transported to a high-temperature combustion oxidation system for complete combustion and oxidation, and the smoke is ensured to be fully purified.
(5) Oil sludge thermal desorption treatment and high-temperature combustion oxidation treatment: oily sludge treated by the sludge dryer is fed into the thermal desorption system through the feeding system, the continuous feeding of the oily sludge enables the feeding hole to form a 'soil plug', the air quantity entering the thermal desorption system can be reduced, the thermal desorption system is effectively isolated from the atmosphere, and the thermal desorption chamber is ensured to be in a micro-negative pressure state. The oil sludge is conveyed in the thermal desorption chamber through the stainless steel crawler belt, the flowing direction of the oil sludge is opposite to the flowing direction of the flue gas, the oil sludge is heated by a series of thermal desorption combustors arranged at the top of the thermal desorption system in the conveying process, the air inlet amount is strictly controlled in the whole process, and the oil sludge is ensured to be desorbed and cracked in an oxygen-deficient state. Depending on the type of sludge and the water content, the temperature of the thermal desorption chamber may be set between 300 and 750 ℃ to ensure complete desorption of the various hydrocarbon fractions from the sludge. The thermal desorption flue gas coming out of the thermal desorption system enters a high-temperature combustion oxidation system, the high-temperature combustion oxidation system adopts natural gas to burn with open fire, the working temperature is in the range of 850-1100 ℃, and the retention time is 1.5-2 seconds, so that organic components such as petroleum hydrocarbon in the non-condensable gas can be thoroughly eliminated in a harmless manner, and the generation of dioxin can be prevented.
(6) Heat exchange treatment: and (3) conveying the flue gas generated by the thermal desorption system in the step (5) and the incondensable light components generated by the condensation recovery system in the step (4) to a high-temperature combustion oxidation system for complete combustion and oxidation, conveying the high-temperature tail gas with the temperature of about 1000 ℃ from the high-temperature combustion oxidation system to a waste heat boiler for waste heat recovery, reducing the temperature of the high-temperature tail gas to 500 ℃ after the high-temperature tail gas is recovered by the waste heat boiler, and simultaneously using the generated superheated steam as a heat source of a chemical heat washing tank and a sludge dryer.
(7) Tail gas cooling and dedusting treatment: the medium-temperature tail gas from the waste heat boiler is sent into a quenching tower, the temperature of the tail gas is reduced to below 200 ℃ within 1s from 500 ℃ through the quenching tower, the secondary generation of dioxin is avoided, then the tail gas is cooled, dedusted and sprayed with alkali liquor to remove acid gas, and the tail gas is treated to reach the standard and then is discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney.
The processing system structure adopted for implementing the method is shown in FIG. 2:
the treatment system comprises an oil sludge chemical thermal washing system and an oil sludge harmless thermal desorption system.
The chemical hot washing system for the oil sludge is formed by sequentially connecting an oil sludge homogenizing tank 1, a chemical hot washing tank 2, a high-efficiency solid-liquid separator 3, an oil-water separator 4, a sewage integrated treatment system 6 and a water storage tank 23 through pipelines, wherein a grid 27 is arranged in the oil sludge homogenizing tank 1, a discharge port of the oil sludge homogenizing tank 1 is connected with an inlet of the chemical hot washing tank 2 through a first sludge pump 24, the chemical hot washing tank 2 is matched with a chemical adding system 22 for adding a cleaning agent, stirring slurry is arranged in the chemical hot washing tank 2, a top oil outlet of the chemical hot washing tank 2 is connected with a recovery oil tank 5 through a pipeline, a bottom discharge port of the chemical hot washing tank 2 is connected with an inlet of the high-efficiency solid-liquid separator 3 through a second sludge pump 25, a solid discharge port of the high-efficiency solid-liquid separator 3 is connected with a feed port of a dryer 10, and a liquid outlet of the oil-water separator 3, the water outlet of the oil-water separator 4 is connected with the water inlet of the integrated sewage treatment system 6, the water outlet of the integrated sewage treatment system 6 is connected with the inlet of the water storage tank 23, and the water in the water storage tank 23 finally returns to the chemical hot washing tank 2 for reuse.
The oil sludge harmless thermal desorption system is composed of a sludge dryer 10, a condensation recovery system 11, a thermal desorption feeding system 7, a thermal desorption system 8, a high-temperature combustion oxidation system 9, a waste heat boiler 13, a tail gas cooling and dedusting treatment system and a discharge system, a steam outlet of the sludge dryer 10 is connected with the condensation recovery system 11, a non-condensable gas outlet of the condensation recovery system 11 is connected with the high-temperature combustion oxidation system 9 through a pipeline for recycling, a condensate outlet of the condensation recovery system 11 is connected with an oil-water separator 4 through a pipeline, and a condensing pump 12 is installed on the pipeline; the solid discharge port of the sludge dryer 10 is connected with the thermal desorption feeding system 7, the thermal desorption feeding system 7 comprises a feeding bin 71, a belt conveyor 72 and a metering feeding hopper 73, the feeding bin 71 is positioned at the inlet end of the belt conveyor 72, the metering feeding hopper 73 is positioned at the outlet end of the belt conveyor 72, the feeding bin 71 is connected with the solid discharge port of the sludge dryer 10, the metering feeding hopper 73 of the thermal desorption feeding system 7 is arranged at the feeding port of the thermal desorption system 8, the thermal desorption system 8 comprises a thermal desorption chamber coated with refractory materials, a series of thermal desorption burners 82 which are uniformly staggered at two sides of a central line are arranged at the top of the thermal desorption chamber, a stainless steel crawler-type conveyor belt 81 is arranged below the thermal desorption burners 82, one end of the thermal desorption chamber is provided with a feeding port, the other end of the thermal desorption chamber is provided with a discharging propeller 84, and a thermal desorption flue gas outlet 83 is, the discharging propeller 84 is connected with a discharging system, the discharging system consists of a discharging hopper 19, a double-shaft screw unloader 20 and a discharging bin 21, the discharging hopper 19 is positioned at the inlet of the double-shaft screw unloader 20, the discharging bin 21 is positioned at the outlet of the double-shaft screw unloader 20, the outer layer of the double-shaft screw unloader 20 is wrapped with a cooling water layer, and the top of the discharging bin 21 is provided with a spraying device to reduce the temperature and the dust of the slag in the bin; thermal desorption exhanst gas outlet 83 is connected with high temperature combustion oxidation system 9's flue gas inlet 91, high temperature combustion oxidation system 9 includes the high temperature combustion chamber, high temperature combustion chamber horizontal installation and scribble refractory material around indoor, the one end of high temperature combustion chamber sets up flue gas inlet 91 and high temperature combustor 92, the other end sets up exhaust outlet 93, exhaust outlet 93 connects with exhaust-heat boiler 13, exhaust-heat boiler 13's heat source export is through pipe connection chemical heat washing jar 2 and sludge drying machine 10, exhaust-heat boiler's exhanst gas outlet is connected with tail gas cooling dust removal processing system, tail gas discharges in the atmosphere after tail gas cooling dust removal processing system handles.
The oil-water separator 4 comprises a buffer tank 41, a reaction tank 42, an oil storage tank 44 and a water outlet tank 43, wherein the buffer tank 41, the reaction tank 42 and the water outlet tank 43 are sequentially arranged, the oil storage tank 44 is positioned at the upper part of the reaction tank 42, the oil storage tank 44 is connected with a recovery oil tank 5 through a pipeline, and the buffer tank 41 is connected with a liquid outlet of the high-efficiency solid-liquid separator 3 through a pipeline.
The tail gas cooling and dedusting treatment system comprises a quench tower 14, a spray tower 15, a settling tower 16, an induced draft fan 17 and a chimney 18, wherein the spray tower 15 is sequentially communicated with the settling tower 16, the quench tower 14 is connected with the spray tower 15 through a pipeline, the outlet of the settling tower 16 is connected with the chimney 18 through a pipeline, the induced draft fan 17 is installed on the pipeline, and the tail gas finally reaches the standard after treatment and is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney 18 under the action of the induced draft fan 17.
The metering feed hopper 73 of the thermal desorption oil sludge feeding system 7 adopts a double-shaft spiral feeding mode, and forms an earth plug through a bottom reducing design, so that the external air is reduced from entering the thermal desorption system 8.
The working process of the processing system of the invention is as follows:
the sludge is sent into the oil sludge homogenizing tank 1, the grating 27 is arranged at the water outlet of the oil sludge homogenizing tank 1, and an oil sludge dispersing agent can be added in the tempering process to adjust the dispersibility of the oil sludge, so that garbage sundries with the size of more than or equal to 10mm, such as color stripe cloth woven bag fragments, labor insurance products, weeds, brick tile blocks, iron wires and the like in the oil sludge are intercepted by the grating 21, and the sundries intercepted by the grating 27 are periodically cleaned.
Pumping the tempered oil sludge into a chemical hot washing tank 2 under the action of a first slurry pump 24, wherein the chemical hot washing tank 2 is provided with a dosing system 22, a stirring paddle in the tank forcibly and fully stirs an environment-friendly cleaning agent, hot water and the oil sludge to separate crude oil from the oil sludge, and the separated oil is scraped out from the top of the chemical hot washing tank 2 and stored in a recovery oil tank 5; the solid phase after the chemical heat washing enters the high-efficiency solid-liquid separator 3 from the bottom of the chemical heat washing tank 2 through the action of a second slurry pump 25.
The oil content of the sludge separated by the high-efficiency solid-liquid separator 3 is reduced to 3% -6%, the water content is reduced to about 60% -70%, the separated oil sludge is conveyed to an oil sludge temporary storage area by a small-sized dump truck for temporary storage or is directly conveyed into the sludge dryer 10, the separated sewage enters the oil-water separator 4 through the sewage pump 26, the sewage firstly enters the buffer tank 41 and then flows into the reaction tank 42 for aeration so as to separate oil from water, the separated oil flows into the oil storage tank 44, the separated water enters the sewage integrated treatment system 6 from the water outlet tank 43 for treatment, and the treated water is stored in the water storage tank 23 and is recycled in the chemical hot washing tank 2.
The water content of the dewatered sludge is too high to directly enter a thermal desorption system, so the sludge needs to be placed in a sludge dryer 10 for drying treatment, and the water content is reduced to below 20 percent. The drying heat source of the sludge dryer 10 is mainly derived from heat recovered by an industrial power supply and a waste heat boiler 13, steam generated in the drying process enters a condensation recovery system 11 for condensation, oil and water are condensed, condensate enters an oil-water separator 4, recovered oil enters a recovery oil tank 5 and then is transported to a treatment station for treatment, water separated by the oil-water separator 4 enters a sewage integrated treatment system 6 for reutilization of a chemical hot washing tank 2, non-condensable light components (namely non-condensable gas) are conveyed to a high-temperature combustor 92 of a high-temperature combustion oxidation system 9 for complete combustion and oxidation, and the flue gas is ensured to be sufficiently purified.
The oily sludge dried by the sludge dryer 10 is fed into the metering feed hopper 73 at the top of the thermal desorption system 8 through the feed conveyor 7, the oily sludge forms a soil plug in the metering feed hopper 73, the air quantity entering the thermal desorption system 8 can be reduced, the thermal desorption chamber of the thermal desorption system 8 is effectively isolated from the atmosphere, and the thermal desorption chamber is ensured to be in a micro-negative pressure state. The oil sludge is conveyed in the thermal desorption chamber through the stainless steel crawler belt 81, the flow direction of the oil sludge is opposite to the flow direction of the flue gas, a series of thermal desorption combustors 82 at the top of the thermal desorption chamber heat the oil sludge in the conveying process, the air inlet amount is strictly controlled in the whole process, and the oil sludge is ensured to be desorbed and cracked in an oxygen-deficient state. And (3) sending the high-temperature tail gas of 1000 ℃ from the high-temperature combustion oxidation system 9 into a waste heat boiler 13 for waste heat recovery, and generating superheated steam for the chemical cleaning tank 2 and the sludge dryer 10. The temperature of the tail gas recovered by the waste heat boiler 13 is reduced to below 500 ℃, so that heat is fully recycled, the heat is fully recycled, and the dioxin is prevented from being regenerated. The medium-temperature tail gas from the waste heat boiler is sent into a quenching tower 14, so that the temperature of the tail gas is reduced from 500 ℃ to below 200 ℃ within 1s, the secondary generation of dioxin is avoided, the cooled tail gas enters a spray tower 15 and a settling tower 16 for secondary cooling and dust removal and is sprayed with alkali liquor to remove acid gas, and the tail gas is treated to reach the standard and then is discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney.
The dregs after thermal desorption system 8 handles under the effect of the propeller 84 of unloading, fall on ejection of compact hopper 19, carry ejection of compact feed bin 21 by biax screw unloader 20 again and store, the one deck cooling water layer is being wrapped up in to biax screw unloader skin, prevent that ejection of compact high temperature from influencing equipment operating life, ejection of compact feed bin 21 adopts airtight setting, and the warehouse top is equipped with spray set, reduces the temperature and the raise dust of dregs in the feed bin, prevents that the raise dust from escaping outward.
The following are examples of the use of the present invention:
example one:
taking tank bottom oil sludge of a certain oil field as a treatment object, wherein the water content of the tank bottom oil sludge is 50%, the oil content of the tank bottom oil sludge is 18%, the average particle size of the tank bottom oil sludge is less than 5mm, quenching and tempering the tank bottom oil sludge, then cleaning the tank bottom oil sludge in a chemical hot washing tank, and after cleaning, the recovery rate of crude oil is 66.7%, after treatment by a high-efficiency solid-liquid separator, the water content of sludge is 65%, and the oil content; and (3) reducing the water content of the dried sludge to 20%, conveying the dried sludge to a metering feed hopper through a feeding system, allowing the dried sludge to fall onto a stainless steel track in a thermal desorption system, controlling the temperature range of the sludge in a thermal desorption chamber to be 500-700 ℃, allowing the sludge to stay for 20min, controlling the temperature of a high-temperature combustion chamber to be 1100 ℃, and allowing the sludge to stay for 2 s. The oil content of the residue soil after thermal desorption is 220mg/kg, the removal rate reaches 99.69%, and the dioxin content in the thermal desorption tail gas purified flue gas by high-temperature combustion is less than 0.1TEQng/Nm3And after being treated by a tail gas treatment system, all indexes reach the emission standard of the integrated emission standard of atmospheric pollutants.
Example two:
the oil sludge of oil field with water content of 40%, oil content of 15% and average grain size less than 10mm is treated in a chemical hot washing tank to reach crude oil recovering rate of 80%, and the treated oil sludge is treated in a chemical hot washing tankThe water content of the sludge treated by the high-efficiency solid-liquid separator is 60-65%, and the oil content of the sludge is reduced to 3%; and (3) reducing the water content of the dried sludge to 19%, conveying the dried sludge to a metering feed hopper through a feeding system, allowing the dried sludge to fall onto a stainless steel track in a thermal desorption system, controlling the temperature range of the sludge in a thermal desorption chamber to be 300-500 ℃, allowing the sludge to stay for 18min, controlling the temperature of a high-temperature combustion chamber to be 850 ℃, and allowing the sludge to stay for 1.5 s. The oil content of the residue soil after thermal desorption is 200mg/kg, the removal rate reaches 99.62%, and the dioxin content in the thermal desorption tail gas purified flue gas by high-temperature combustion is less than 0.1TEQng/Nm3And after being treated by a tail gas treatment system, all indexes reach the emission standard of the integrated emission standard of atmospheric pollutants.
Example three:
taking oil sludge sand of a certain oil field as a treatment object, wherein the water content of the oil sludge sand is 55 percent, the oil content of the oil sludge sand is 25 percent, the average particle size is less than 10mm, quenching and tempering the oil sludge sand, then feeding the oil sludge sand into a chemical hot washing tank for washing, the recovery rate of crude oil after washing is 80 percent, the water content of sludge is 60 to 65 percent after the treatment of a high-efficiency solid-liquid separator, and the oil content of sludge is reduced to 5 percent; and (3) reducing the water content of the dried sludge to 18%, conveying the dried sludge to a metering feed hopper through a feeding system, allowing the dried sludge to fall onto a stainless steel track in a thermal desorption system, controlling the temperature range of the sludge in a thermal desorption chamber to be 400-550 ℃, keeping the temperature of the sludge for 20min, and controlling the temperature of a high-temperature combustion chamber to be 950 ℃ and keeping the sludge for 1.8 s. The oil content of the residue soil after thermal desorption is 180mg/kg, the removal rate reaches 99.71 percent, and the content of dioxin in the thermal desorption tail gas purified flue gas by high-temperature combustion is less than 0.1TEQng/Nm3And after being treated by a tail gas treatment system, all indexes reach the emission standard of the integrated emission standard of atmospheric pollutants.
Claims (7)
1. A high-concentration petroleum sludge green cleaning-thermal desorption integrated technology treatment system is characterized by comprising a sludge chemical thermal cleaning system and a sludge harmless thermal desorption system, wherein the sludge chemical thermal cleaning system is formed by sequentially connecting a sludge homogenizing tank (1), a chemical thermal cleaning tank (2), a high-efficiency solid-liquid separator (3), an oil-water separator (4), a sewage integrated treatment system (6) and a water storage tank (23) through pipelines, a top oil outlet of the chemical thermal cleaning tank (2) and an oil outlet of the oil-water separator (4) are respectively connected with a recovery oil tank (5) through pipelines, the bottom of the chemical thermal cleaning tank (2) is connected with the high-efficiency solid-liquid separator (3) through a pipeline, and a liquid outlet of the high-efficiency solid-liquid separator (3) is connected with the oil-water separator (4); the oil sludge harmless thermal desorption system consists of a sludge dryer (10), a condensation recovery system (11), a thermal desorption feeding system (7), a thermal desorption system (8), a high-temperature combustion oxidation system (9), a waste heat boiler (13), a tail gas cooling and dedusting treatment system and a discharge system, wherein a solid discharge port of the high-efficiency solid-liquid separator (3) is connected with a feed port of the sludge dryer (10), a steam outlet of the sludge dryer (10) is connected with the condensation recovery system (11), a non-condensable gas outlet of the condensation recovery system (11) is connected with the high-temperature combustion oxidation system (9) through a pipeline, and a condensate outlet of the condensation recovery system (11) is connected with the oil-water separator (4) through a pipeline; the solid discharge gate of sludge drying machine (10) is connected with thermal desorption feed system (7), thermal desorption feed system (7) are connected with thermal desorption system (8), thermal desorption exhanst gas outlet (83) of thermal desorption system (8) are connected with flue gas inlet (91) of high temperature combustion oxidation system (9), the discharge gate of thermal desorption system (8) is connected with discharge system, exhaust-heat boiler (13) is connected in tail gas outlet (93) of high temperature combustion oxidation system (9), the steam outlet of exhaust-heat boiler (13) is through pipe connection chemical heat washing jar (2) and sludge drying machine (10), exhaust-heat boiler's exhanst gas outlet is connected with tail gas cooling dust removal processing system, tail gas discharges in the atmosphere after tail gas cooling dust removal processing system handles.
2. The integrated technical treatment system for green cleaning-thermal desorption of high-concentration petroleum sludge according to claim 1, wherein the oil-water separator (4) is composed of a buffer tank (41), a reaction tank (42), an oil storage tank (44) and a water outlet tank (43), the buffer tank (41), the reaction tank (42) and the water outlet tank (43) are sequentially arranged, the oil storage tank (44) is positioned at the upper part of the reaction tank (42), the oil storage tank (44) is connected with the recovery oil tank (5) through a pipeline, and the buffer tank (41) is connected with the liquid outlet of the high-efficiency solid-liquid separator (3) through a pipeline.
3. The integrated green cleaning-thermal desorption technological treatment system for high-concentration petroleum sludge according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the thermal desorption sludge feeding system (7) is composed of a feeding bin (71), a belt conveyor (72) and a metering feed hopper (73), the feeding bin (71) is positioned at an inlet of the belt conveyor (72), the metering feed hopper (73) is positioned at an outlet of the belt conveyor (72), and an outlet of the metering feed hopper (73) is connected with a feeding port of the thermal desorption system (8).
4. The integrated technology processing system for green cleaning and thermal desorption of high-concentration petroleum sludge according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the thermal desorption system (8) comprises a thermal desorption chamber coated with refractory material, a series of thermal desorption burners (82) are installed at the top of the thermal desorption chamber, a stainless steel crawler belt conveyor (81) is arranged below the thermal desorption burners (82), a feeding port is arranged at one end of the thermal desorption chamber, a discharging propeller (84) is arranged at the other end of the thermal desorption chamber, and a thermal desorption flue gas outlet (83) is arranged at the top of the thermal desorption chamber.
5. The integrated technology treatment system for green cleaning and thermal desorption of high-concentration petroleum sludge according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the high-temperature combustion oxidation system (9) comprises a high-temperature combustion chamber, one end of the high-temperature combustion chamber is provided with a flue gas inlet (91) and a high-temperature combustor (92), the other end of the high-temperature combustion chamber is provided with a tail gas outlet (93), and the tail gas outlet (93) is connected with the waste heat boiler (13).
6. The integrated technology processing system for green cleaning and thermal desorption of high-concentration petroleum sludge according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tail gas cooling and dedusting processing system comprises a quench tower (14), a spray tower (15), a settling tower (16), an induced draft fan (17) and a chimney (18), the spray tower (15) is communicated with the settling tower (16), the quench tower (14) is connected with the spray tower (15) through a pipeline, an outlet of the settling tower (16) is connected with the chimney (18) through a pipeline, and the induced draft fan (17) is installed on the pipeline.
7. The integrated technical treatment system for green cleaning-thermal desorption of high-concentration petroleum sludge according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the discharge system is composed of a discharge hopper (19), a double-shaft screw unloader (20) and a discharge bin (21), wherein the discharge hopper (19) is positioned at the inlet of the double-shaft screw unloader (20), the discharge bin (21) is positioned at the outlet of the double-shaft screw unloader (20), the outer layer of the double-shaft screw unloader (20) is wrapped with a cooling water layer, and a spraying device is arranged at the top of the discharge bin (21) to reduce the temperature and the dust of the residue soil in the bin.
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| CN201811001871.XA CN108996859B (en) | 2018-08-30 | 2018-08-30 | High-concentration petroleum sludge green cleaning-thermal desorption integrated technology treatment method and treatment system |
| PCT/CN2018/000319 WO2020041917A1 (en) | 2018-08-30 | 2018-09-12 | Green cleaning-thermal desorption integrated technology treatment method and system for high-concentration petroleum sludge |
| CA3090902A CA3090902A1 (en) | 2018-08-30 | 2018-09-12 | An environmentally friendly remediation method and system combined with soil washing and thermal desorption for treating high-concentration oil sludge |
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| CN101050051A (en) * | 2007-05-10 | 2007-10-10 | 辽河石油勘探局 | Hot chemical treatment method for oil sludge falling to the ground |
| CN101774741B (en) * | 2010-01-11 | 2011-08-10 | 清华大学 | Recycling treatment method of oil-bearing sludge |
| RO130109A2 (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2015-03-30 | Dalasoil S.R.L. | Process for preparing fuels from oil residues |
| CN102826728A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2012-12-19 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Cleaning agent for treating oily sludge by using hot washing method and preparation method of cleaning agent |
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