CN108994352B - Superfinishing cutter for inner hole of aluminum alloy and processing method - Google Patents
Superfinishing cutter for inner hole of aluminum alloy and processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108994352B CN108994352B CN201811017564.0A CN201811017564A CN108994352B CN 108994352 B CN108994352 B CN 108994352B CN 201811017564 A CN201811017564 A CN 201811017564A CN 108994352 B CN108994352 B CN 108994352B
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- inner hole
- aluminum alloy
- superfinishing
- cutter
- workpiece
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011089 mechanical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B35/00—Methods for boring or drilling, or for working essentially requiring the use of boring or drilling machines; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B41/00—Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B43/00—Boring or drilling devices able to be attached to a machine tool, whether or not replacing an operative portion of the machine tool
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2220/00—Details of turning, boring or drilling processes
- B23B2220/24—Finishing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
- Drilling And Boring (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an aluminum alloy inner hole superfinishing tool and a processing method, wherein the aluminum alloy inner hole superfinishing tool comprises a round rod tool handle and a blade which are made of hard alloy, a trimming blade is added on the tool tip part of the blade, the side included angle alpha of the trimming blade is 85 degrees, the front included angle beta is 84 degrees, the front inclined angle theta is 7 degrees, and the cutting tip of the trimming blade is of a small arc structure, so that the structure has practical function, is not easy to scratch a workpiece, and effectively improves the precision of the processed workpiece; the aluminum alloy inner hole superfinishing method is carried out by adopting the aluminum alloy inner hole superfinishing cutter: the method comprises the steps of inner hole rough boring, semi-finish boring and finish boring, wherein the rotation speed of a workpiece, the feeding amount of a boring cutter and the cutting depth are regulated in each step, so that the roughness of the inner hole of the aluminum alloy is not more than 0.2 mu m, and superfinishing is realized. The invention has the advantages of simple operation, high processing precision, high processing efficiency, reduced processing cost and strong practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an aluminum alloy inner hole superfinishing cutter and a processing method, and belongs to the field of mechanical engineering finish machining.
Background
Holes are important surfaces on the box, bracket, sleeve, ring, disk parts, and are also surfaces frequently encountered in machining. With the continuous development of science and technology, the requirements for various parts with inner holes are more and more, the precision is higher and more inner holes are required to meet the superfinishing requirement.
However, when the machining precision and the surface roughness are the same, the machining of the hole is more difficult than the machining of the outer circular surface, especially, the parts made of aluminum alloy have the following defects in the machining process because the aluminum and copper element components are higher, the materials are soft and the viscosity is high: (1) The size of the cutter is limited by the size of the machined hole, so that the cutter has poor rigidity, cannot adopt large cutting consumption, has low productivity and high machining cost; (2) In the machining process, the cutter vibrates greatly, the machining precision and the surface finish of the parts are greatly affected, and the superfinishing requirement cannot be met; (3) For the inner hole processing of the viscous large aluminum alloy part, the phenomenon of cutter sticking is easy to occur, the processing efficiency is affected, and the processing surface is easy to scratch; (4) The cutter is in the surrounding of being processed the hole, and the heat dissipation condition is poor, and the chip is discharged difficultly, and the coolant is difficult to get into the cutting zone, and the chip is liable to fish tail the processing surface. In summary, in the prior art, there is no equipment or method for superfinishing an inner hole of an aluminum alloy, which restricts the economic development of China, and needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the superfinishing tool for the inner hole of the aluminum alloy, which is matched with a corresponding processing method, ensures that the roughness of the inner hole of the aluminum alloy can reach 0.1 mu m, realizes superfinishing and can overcome the defects of the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
The aluminum alloy inner hole superfinishing cutter comprises a cutter handle and a blade fixedly connected to the front end of the cutter handle, wherein the cutter handle is of a round rod structure made of hard alloy; the blade is of a diamond structure, a sharp angle tool tip of the diamond structure is provided with a trimming blade, the side face included angle alpha of the trimming blade is 85 degrees, the front face included angle beta is 84 degrees, the front inclined angle theta is 7 degrees, the tool tip of the trimming blade is of a small arc structure, and the radian of the small arc structure is R0.15.
The knife handle is welded with the blade.
The hardness of the cutter handle is not lower than HRC60.
The aluminum alloy inner hole superfinishing method by adopting the aluminum alloy inner hole superfinishing cutter comprises the following steps:
s1, blanking: according to the size requirement, blanking and sectioning by using an aluminum alloy pipe;
S2, processing an outer circle: carrying out excircle processing on the workpiece according to a conventional processing technology to enable the excircle processing to meet the specified requirements;
S3, inner hole rough machining: clamping an outer circle at one end of a workpiece into an elastic jacket of a numerical control lathe, enabling the workpiece to be coaxial with a main shaft of the numerical control lathe, enabling the main shaft of the numerical control lathe to drive the workpiece to rotate, feeding and cutting by adopting the aluminum alloy inner hole superfinishing cutter, and cooling a cutting area by adopting cooling liquid;
s4, semi-finishing an inner hole: the aluminium alloy inner hole superfinishing cutter is adopted to carry out secondary feeding cutting, and the cutting area is cooled by adopting cooling liquid;
S5, inner hole finish machining: the aluminium alloy inner hole superfinishing cutter is adopted for three feeding cutting, and the cutting area is cooled by adopting cooling liquid.
In the step S3, the spindle revolution of the inner hole rough machining is 1000r/min, the feed rate is 60mm/min, and the cutting depth is 0.5mm.
In the step S4, the spindle revolution of the semi-finishing of the inner hole is 1000r/min, the feed rate is 30mm/min, and the cutting depth is 0.1mm.
In the step S5, the spindle revolution of the inner hole finish machining is 2500r/min, the feed amount is 10mm/min, and the cutting depth is 0.02mm.
The cooling liquid medium is water.
The numerical control lathe for processing the inner hole of the aluminum alloy is a CKA6136 numerical control lathe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention discloses an aluminum alloy inner hole superfinishing cutter, which comprises a cutter handle and a cutter blade, wherein the cutter handle and the cutter blade are welded and connected, a trimming blade is added at the cutter tip part of the cutter blade, and a round rod cutter handle made of hard alloy is adopted, so that the hardness of the cutter handle reaches more than HRC60-65 degrees, the shock resistance is more than 10 times that of a common cutter handle, the problem of common boring vibration is solved, the side included angle alpha of the trimming blade is 85 degrees, the front included angle beta is 84 degrees, the front inclined angle theta is 7 degrees, the cutter tip of the trimming blade is of a small arc structure, the radian of the cutter blade is R0.15, the structure is practical in function, a workpiece is not easy to scratch, and the precision of the machined workpiece is effectively improved.
The invention also discloses an aluminum alloy inner hole superfinishing method by combining the aluminum alloy inner hole superfinishing cutter, which mainly comprises the following processing flows: the inner hole rough boring processing, the inner hole semi-finish boring processing and the inner hole finish boring processing are regulated at each step, the workpiece rotation speed, the boring cutter feeding amount and the cutting depth can be ensured to be not more than 0.2 mu m, and superfinishing is realized.
The boring processing method is simple in operation, optimizes the inner hole processing cutter and processing technology of the aluminum alloy workpiece, solves the problems that in the prior art, the inner hole of the aluminum alloy workpiece is difficult to process, the processing precision is low, the cutter is easy to adhere, the processing surface is easy to scratch and the like, and can ensure that the surface finish of the workpiece reaches the grinding processing precision by boring processing, the processing precision is high, the processing efficiency is high, the qualification rate of the workpiece can be greatly improved, and the processing cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an aluminum alloy inner hole superfinishing tool in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a left side schematic view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a partial enlarged structure of fig. 1.
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the operation of superfinishing in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention:
Example 1: 1-3, an aluminum alloy inner hole superfinishing cutter 1 comprises a cutter handle 11 and a blade 12 fixedly connected to the front end of the cutter handle, wherein the cutter handle 11 is of a round rod structure made of hard alloy, and the hardness of the cutter handle is not lower than HRC 60-65; the blade 12 is of a diamond structure, a sharp angle tip of the diamond structure is provided with a trimming blade 121, a side face included angle alpha of the trimming blade 121 is 85 degrees, a front face included angle beta is 84 degrees, a front inclined angle theta is 7 degrees, and the tip of the trimming blade 121 is of a small arc structure, and the radian of the small arc structure is R0.15.
The hardness of the cutter handle 11 is not lower than HRC60, the anti-vibration performance is good, the cutter handle 11 and the blade 12 are in welded connection, the rigidity is good, and in the machining process, the problems of low machining precision, accelerated cutter abrasion, reduced machining efficiency and the like caused by loosening of a connecting part due to vibration can be avoided.
As shown in fig. 4, according to the above-mentioned aluminum alloy inner hole superfinishing tool 1, aluminum alloy inner hole superfinishing can be achieved, and the specific machining method comprises the following steps:
Machining requirements for the workpiece 2: the workpiece material is 2A12 aluminum alloy pipe material, the processing procedure is finish turning of an inner hole, and the processing precision requirement on the inner hole is as follows: the dimensional accuracy of the inner hole phi D2H6; the surface finish (roughness value Ra) of the inner hole is not more than 0.2 mu m; the cylindricity is required to be not more than 0.005mm.
Processing equipment: CKA6136 type numerical control lathe, wherein a three-grip chuck, an elastic jacket, an excircle turning cutter, the aluminum alloy inner hole superfinishing cutter 1, cooling liquid and the like are arranged on the lathe.
Firstly, blanking a workpiece 2: according to the size requirement, blanking and sectioning by using an aluminum alloy pipe;
Second, processing the outer circle: performing workpiece excircle turning according to an excircle machining process to enable the workpiece excircle turning to meet the specified requirements (the excircle machining is performed by adopting the conventional machining process, and details are not repeated here);
Third, inner hole rough machining: clamping the outer circle at one end of the workpiece 2 into an elastic jacket of the numerical control lathe, enabling the workpiece 2 to be coaxial with a main shaft of the numerical control lathe, enabling the main shaft of the numerical control lathe to drive the workpiece to rotate, feeding and cutting by adopting the aluminum alloy inner hole superfinishing cutter 1, and cooling a cutting area by adopting cooling liquid;
Specifically, in the step, the spindle revolution of the numerical control lathe is 1000r/min, the feed rate of the aluminum alloy inner hole superfinishing cutter 1 is 60mm/min, the cutting depth is 0.5mm, cold water is adopted for cutting and cooling while the cutter feeds and cuts, the inner hole cutting size variation range (tolerance value) of the workpiece 2 is processed according to the tolerance grade of IT 13-IT 12, and the inner hole surface roughness value is Ra6.3-3.2 mu m;
Fourthly, semi-finishing an inner hole: performing secondary feeding cutting by adopting the aluminum alloy inner hole superfinishing cutter 1, and cooling a cutting area by adopting cooling liquid;
Specifically, in the step, the spindle revolution of the numerical control lathe is 1000r/min, the feed amount is 30mm/min, the cutting depth is 0.1mm, cold water is adopted for cutting and cooling while the cutter feeds and cuts, the inner hole cutting size variation range (tolerance numerical value) of the workpiece 2 is processed according to the tolerance grade of IT 10-IT 9, and the inner hole surface roughness value is Ra3.2-1.6 mu m;
fifthly, finishing an inner hole: adopting the aluminium alloy inner hole superfinishing cutter 1 to perform three-time feeding cutting, and cooling a cutting area by adopting cooling liquid;
The spindle revolution of the inner hole finish machining is 2500r/min, the feed amount is 10mm/min, the cutting depth is 0.02mm, cold water is adopted for cutting and cooling while the cutter feeds and cuts, the inner hole cutting size variation range (tolerance value) of the workpiece 2 is machined according to IT 8-IT 7 tolerance grade, and the inner hole surface roughness value is below 0.2 mu m, so that the aluminium alloy inner hole superfinishing is completed.
Claims (5)
1. The superfinishing method for the inner hole of the aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, blanking: according to the size requirement, blanking and sectioning by using an aluminum alloy pipe;
S2, processing an outer circle: carrying out excircle processing on the workpiece according to a processing technology to enable the excircle processing to meet the specified requirement;
S3, inner hole rough machining: clamping an outer circle at one end of a workpiece into an elastic jacket of a numerical control lathe, enabling the workpiece to be coaxial with a main shaft of the numerical control lathe, enabling the main shaft of the numerical control lathe to drive the workpiece to rotate, adopting an aluminum alloy inner hole superfinishing cutter to feed and cut, and cooling a cutting area by adopting cooling liquid; the revolution of the main shaft for the rough machining of the inner hole is 1000r/min, the feed rate is 60mm/min, and the cutting depth is 0.5mm;
s4, semi-finishing an inner hole: performing secondary feeding cutting by adopting an aluminum alloy inner hole superfinishing cutter, and cooling a cutting area by adopting cooling liquid; the revolution of the main shaft for semi-finishing the inner hole is 1000r/min, the feed rate is 30mm/min, and the cutting depth is 0.1mm;
S5, inner hole finish machining: adopting an aluminum alloy inner hole superfinishing cutter to perform three-time feeding cutting, and cooling a cutting area by adopting cooling liquid; the spindle revolution of the inner hole finish machining is 2500r/min, the feed rate is 10mm/min, and the cutting depth is 0.02mm;
the aluminum alloy inner hole superfinishing cutter comprises a cutter handle and a blade fixedly connected to the front end of the cutter handle, wherein the cutter handle is of a round rod structure made of hard alloy; the blade is of a diamond structure, a sharp angle tool tip of the diamond structure is provided with a trimming blade, the side face included angle alpha of the trimming blade is 85 degrees, the front included angle beta is 84 degrees, the front inclined angle theta is 7 degrees, the tool tip of the trimming blade is of an arc structure, and the radian of the cutting tip is R0.15.
2. The aluminum alloy inner bore superfinishing method of claim 1, wherein: the cooling liquid medium is water.
3. The aluminum alloy inner bore superfinishing method of claim 1, wherein: the numerical control lathe for machining the inner hole of the aluminum alloy is a CKA6136 numerical control lathe.
4. The aluminum alloy inner bore superfinishing method of claim 1, wherein: the knife handle is welded with the blade.
5. The aluminum alloy inner bore superfinishing method of claim 1, wherein: the hardness of the cutter handle is not lower than HRC60.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811017564.0A CN108994352B (en) | 2018-09-03 | 2018-09-03 | Superfinishing cutter for inner hole of aluminum alloy and processing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811017564.0A CN108994352B (en) | 2018-09-03 | 2018-09-03 | Superfinishing cutter for inner hole of aluminum alloy and processing method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108994352A CN108994352A (en) | 2018-12-14 |
| CN108994352B true CN108994352B (en) | 2024-05-17 |
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| CN201811017564.0A Active CN108994352B (en) | 2018-09-03 | 2018-09-03 | Superfinishing cutter for inner hole of aluminum alloy and processing method |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109648253A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-04-19 | 苏州市希格曼智能制造有限公司 | Processing method suitable for aluminum component |
| CN109434720B (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2020-06-23 | 贵州凯星液力传动机械有限公司 | Machining method of cutting knife |
| CN109648107A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-04-19 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | A kind of method for machining bore and processing unit (plant) |
| CN110434571B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-10-27 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | Method for machining inner hole of cylinder body |
| CN111014747A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-17 | 内蒙古第一机械集团股份有限公司 | High-power-diameter hole series machining method |
| CN113211007A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-08-06 | 东莞长盈精密技术有限公司 | Metal shell, machining method thereof and electronic equipment |
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| CN204770861U (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-11-18 | 上海井研精密工具有限公司 | Smart cutting blade cutter |
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2018
- 2018-09-03 CN CN201811017564.0A patent/CN108994352B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005131740A (en) * | 2003-10-30 | 2005-05-26 | Kyocera Corp | Cutting tool and cutting work method |
| CN201026529Y (en) * | 2007-05-11 | 2008-02-27 | 郑州新亚锐奇超硬工具有限公司 | High lightness PCD cutter for processing |
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| CN108994352A (en) | 2018-12-14 |
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