CN108992759A - For treating the video training system of self-closing disease - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of video training system for being used to treat self-closing disease belonging to medical instruments field, including scene generating module, it is characterized in that also having scene switching trigger circuit, for generating the trigger signal of scene switching, its output is connected to scene switching control circuit, the switching of scenic picture, the different scenic picture of output context are carried out for controlling scene generating module.Its meaning is the attention that can induce brain to visual signal, it can constantly make the attention of brain be directed toward again to switch over, attention repeatedly is carried out to patient and induces and pay attention to switching, intervene and influence the transmitting efficiency of neural channel by the plasticity of cranial nerve, strengthen patient to the attention of external information and the ability for pay attention to switching, can be used for treating self-closing disease.

Description

For treating the video training system of self-closing disease

Technical field

The present invention is the divisional application of the patent application application No. is 2015101433673, is being examined with remedying original bill application Claim caused by applicant is improper to the modification of claims during looking into is lost.Video is used the present invention relates to a kind of The training system that Central nervous is stimulated and intervened can be used for treating self-closing disease.

Background technique

From psychology, notice that (attention) is direction and concentration of the psychological activity to certain object, from neural biology On, pay attention to it being that cerebral neuron at a time carries out thinking processing to the information of certain an object.It is noted that being directed toward extraneous Certain information, such as be directed toward visual channel certain light or certain image, be directed toward auditory information a certain characteristic sounds or certain A little language contents are directed toward certain contiguous sense or mechanical sense of tactile data；It is living to pay attention to be directed toward thinking inside brain Certain dynamic information, for example it is directed toward a certain thing or things of thought process.Normal person can both want according to conscious need and will infuse Mean to be wanted according to conscious need to maintaining in certain information and will pay attention to being directed toward switching between different information. It is this to notice that the control ability being directed toward has nuance in different people, if this species diversity is in the normal range, to be Causing brain in personality, hobby, cognition and intelligence, there are a degree of difference.For example, noticing that the maintenance ability being directed toward is stronger People, comparing can be absorbed in and be dedicated to handle a certain thing；And pay attention to the stronger people of switching capability being directed toward, then it is relatively kind After Yu Guanqian is cared for, this or that is comprehensively considered.But if exception occur in certain nerve pathways of brain, this attention is caused to be directed toward Control function go wrong, certain mental diseases, such as attention deficit disease or self-closing disease will be caused.For self-closing disease, mesh Intervene nervous activity by influencing central stimulant or antipsychotics as previous, although having certain effect, by In that can not accomplish to shoot the arrow at the target, this intervention is in face of entire brain, so side effect is larger.Also have from Psychological Angle The treatment means of hair: since self-closing disease patient symptom most outstanding is perception abnormal, talk obstacle and athymia, institute is to lead to A variety of compound education and trainings such as Environment Design abundant, game, combination of actions are crossed to increase the perception of patient, and enhance with The communication of patient and emotion communication, or auditory stimulation is carried out to patient by the sound of one group of specific frequency structure, come Promote perception of the patient to various sound.But refer to due to the essence to self-closing disease and at due to a lack of the theory in Neurobiology It leads, lacks the foundation of evidence-based medicine EBM, so not catching key takeaway therein, therapeutic effect is limited.In fact, self-closing disease institute The perception showed is abnormal, talk obstacle and the symptom of athymia is its result and is not its cause.

Summary of the invention

Object of the present invention is to open one kind to train for inducing the video that brain repeatedly switches over " attention " direction (or Claim practice) system, it can be improved the ability that brain carries out " attention " switching, can be used for treating self-closing disease patient.

Video training system of the invention, including scene generating module, scene generating module include video playing circuit and Display screen can play the scenic picture of setting content；It is characterized in that also having: scene switching trigger circuit, for generating The trigger signal of scene switching, output are connected to scene switching control circuit；Scene switching control circuit, output are connected to Scene generating module, for controlling the work of scene generating module；When obtaining the trigger signal of scene switching trigger circuit, field Scape control switching circuit controls the switching that scene generating module carries out scenic picture, the different scenic picture of output context.

The display screen generally uses big screen display screen.Preferably in the surrounding wall in the room for treatment On, it is provided with the display screen of multiple (two or more), display curtain wall is constituted, to generate stronger visual stimulus.More preferably Display screen includes two or more display screens, the video letter of the front and back of video playing circuit output scenic picture different twice Number, it is output to different display screens and is shown.

Scene switching trigger circuit can use timing trigger circuit, just generate one field of output every a timing cycle The trigger signal of scape switching.Its timing cycle can be adjusted between 2 to 5 seconds according to patient profiles.Its advantage is that being not necessarily to Other people assist, and switch different scenic pictures by setting time automatically, persistently carry out " attention " induction to patient and " attention " is cut It changes, it is high-efficient, the disadvantage is that be difficult to ensure stimulates all effectively each time.

Scene switching trigger circuit is also possible to a manual switch, and the triggering of scene switching is generated by manually controlling Signal.It is operated by doctor, after carrying out a scene switching, " attention " switching has been carried out to scenic picture when recognizing patient When, press the scene switching of manual switch progress again.Alternatively, EEG checking device (namely electroencephalograph) can also be had The EEG signals i.e. EEG of patient is detected, when EEG checking device detects that the EEG signals of patient specific event occur and lure When the characteristic signal waveform of power generation position (event-related potentials, that is, ERPs), doctor presses manual switch progress Scene switching again, or a bit of time (one to several seconds) can also be maintained to be cut again again after its " attention " stablizes It changes.The brain electrical feature signal, what is be particularly suitable is N400 Hz ERP, wave character be brain receive one with After the different new signal stimulus of first signal stimulus, there is continuous two of front and back after an incubation period in brain wave patterns Negative potential.Can this characteristic signal directly be observed from the display screen of EEG checking device, it can also be in EEG checking device On be configured, when detecting this characteristic signal, pass through indicator light or prompt tone and export a standby signal.

Improvement as one preferred, scene switching trigger circuit can also be the detection and knowledge of a brain electrical feature signal Other module, including an EEG checking device and a brain electrical feature signal recognition circuit, (can also be directly in digitized brain electricity It is configured to realize the function of characteristic signal identification circuit, i.e. the two integration in detection device), when the brain for detecting patient When just exporting trigger signal of the electric signal as scene switching when characteristic signal occurs in electric signal, or one section can also be maintained Between the delay of (one to several seconds) export scene handoff trigger signal again after patient's pays attention stably.The brain electrical feature signal is same N400 Hz ERP can be selected in sample.The improvement is not necessarily to the operation of doctor, can reduce doctor's workload and avoids maloperation, makes With more convenient, it is often more important that can make each scenic picture that can induce after brain pays attention to and just carry out scenic picture again Switching, so not only accurately and reliably but also improving efficiency.

The scene generating module, which may also include, scene auxiliary information generation module, with video playing circuit synchronization work Make, the scene auxiliary information that the content of the scenic picture played with video playing circuit matches can be generated simultaneously.

The present invention can be used for treating self-closing disease.Root is it was found that self-closing disease is brain in patients thought system " attention " control In access, " attention " is directed toward concentrations singularly and maintains the certain neural channels handled internal average information On, normal " attentions " switching can not be carried out, and with respect to the activity for inhibiting other neural channels, especially inhibit vision, The external informations such as the sense of hearing, tactile.So patient is easy excessively to be absorbed in the certain thinking activities of heart, (the i.e. so-called trouble of psychology Person lives in the inner world of oneself), and be not easy to pay attention to various external informations.Since human brain receives the extraneous letter for feeling input It ceases most of (about 80%) and comes from visual information, and the visual sense feeling of self-closing disease patient is unable to get normal " attention ", so table Now blunt to perceive, the ability of understanding, study and processing external information is severely impacted, and in the process exchanged with other people In, it is also difficult to " attention " arrives other people conversation content, it is more difficult to notice that other people expression in the eyes, expression, the tone, mood etc. are thinner Micro- information change just leads to various symptoms occur for a long time, such as talks obstacle, athymia etc.." the note of thought system Meaning ", which is directed toward, normally to be switched, lead to not normally remove " to pay attention to " various extraneous sensory informations, be the nerve of self-closing disease The essence of biology, and perceiving abnormal, talk obstacle and athymia etc. is for a long time under this improper nervous activity Various symptoms that are caused and showing.

The present invention shows certain scenic picture conduct according to the Neurobiology essence of self-closing disease on big screen display screen Visual information (and can be cooperated plus the sensory informations such as the relevant sense of hearing of content) attracts " attention " of brain in patients, and After it is induced the attention to scenic picture, and the scenic picture of constantly switching different content is cut to force it to generate " attention " It changes, carries out " attention " induction and " attention " switching repeatedly according to this, stimulation by the long period and repeatedly can pass through brain mind The plasticity (including synaptic plasticity and synaptic remodelling) of warp is transmitted to intervene and influence the information of neural channel, strengthens patient couple " attention " of the external information and ability for carrying out " attention " switching, reduction of patient are excessively absorbed in certain thinking activities and are ignored outer The case where boundary's information, plays positive therapeutic effect so as to improve the various symptoms that self-closing disease shows.

It is to be appreciated that the exception of self-closing disease patient's cranial nerve information processing, belongs to geneogenous Nervons projection mostly The textural anomaly of link is difficult to eradicate, and improves the exception of this information processing the present invention is based on the plasticity of cranial nerve, controls Treatment act on self-closing disease it is lighter when it is especially more effective in autism of children early stage, for symptom serious patient, just Only play the role of certain alleviation and rehabilitation, but this is also to be of great significance for the patient.

It is further preferred that it is different with some other therapeutic device for claiming to treat a variety of neurological diseases, this Invention has its specific therapy mechanism, namely frequently induces brain in patients by constantly exporting and converting different scenes signal Note that and strengthening the ability of patient's progress " attention " switching to treat self-closing disease.And the another of children pays attention to abnormal correlation Disease " attention deficit disease " is sometimes referred to as " hyperactivity " then that brain " attention " direction can not collect for a long time neutralization and maintain Same information channel, and the switching of too frequent is carried out between different information channels singularly, cause attention that can not concentrate, It is easy absent-minded and mostly dynamic.Although it is fallen ill and exception occurs in " attention " controlling mechanism, but its essence is just opposite with self-closing disease. So therapy mechanism of the invention determines that it is not useable for the treatment to attention deficit disease, its symptom otherwise may be aggravated, is needed After carrying out stringent identification and confirmation to self-closing disease patient, the present invention could be used to treat.

The present invention is that the prior art is felt according to self-closing disease patient with the difference of the methods and techniques of existing treatment self-closing disease Know abnormal, the talk symptoms such as obstacle and athymia, passes through a variety of compound religions such as environment setting, game, talk, combination of actions It educates and trains to increase the perception of patient, and communication and emotion communication of the enhancing with patient, or pass through one group of specific frequency The sound of rate structure carries out auditory stimulation, (i.e. the treatment technology of sense of hearing integration), to promote patient to various sound to patient Perception.Even if generating the variation of irritating information unintentionally, and only in a longer period of time with the variation of seldom number, nothing Method generates potent effect to " attention " switching capability of patient.And the present invention is directly against the essence of self-closing disease, the i.e. " note of thinking Meaning ", which is directed toward, to be difficult to carry out normal " switching ", and present invention information content in each stimulation is easy to induce patient " attention " merely, And the frequent switching difference information content, " attention " that just can generate high number within a short period of time induces and " attention " is cut It changes.Such as in actual operation, it for autism of children, carries out a scene switching namely " attention " switching is average 5 seconds time-consuming Clock or so, one minute switching times are 10 times or more, and 30 minutes switching times carried out of primary training are more than 300 times, so The nerve for capableing of " attention " control access to patient carries out potent effect, and it is right actively to improve its by the plasticity of cranial nerve The ability of " attention " and " attention " switching of external information, and mitigate the symptom of patient naturally.(essence for self-closing disease and Its symptom generated can refer to data appended by back).

Detailed description of the invention Fig. 1 is the block diagram of composed structure of the present invention.Fig. 2 is that scene switching trigger circuit is touched using timing Block diagram when Power Generation Road.Fig. 3 is block diagram when scene switching trigger circuit uses manual switch.Fig. 4 is scene switching touching Power Generation Road uses block diagram when detection and the identification module of brain electrical feature signal.Fig. 5 is a kind of box of specific embodiment Figure.Fig. 6 is visual information Nervons projection structural schematic diagram.Fig. 7 is auditory information Nervons projection structural schematic diagram.Fig. 8 is brain To the Nervons projection schematic diagram of the controlling mechanism of much information.Fig. 9 is that the signal projection of thought system " attention " control loop is shown It is intended to.Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the neuron projections of thought system " attention " control loop.

Specific embodiment is illustrated the embodiment of the present invention below according to attached drawing.

For root it was found that self-closing disease is in brain in patients thought system " attention " control access, " attention " direction can not Normal " attention " switching is carried out between various information channels, its " attention " is caused to be directed toward concentrations singularly and maintain To certain neural channels that internal average information is handled, and other neural channels are inhibited especially to inhibit view relatively The input of the external informations such as feel, the sense of hearing, tactile.Patient can perceive various external informations, but be not easy to cause the " note of brain Meaning ", so, patient is easy excessively to be absorbed in the activity of certain internal thoughts, and (i.e. the so-called minimal invasive treatment of psychology is in oneself The heart world), and be not easy " to pay attention to " various external informations, other people conversation content " is paid attention to " including being not easy, it is more difficult to " note Meaning " just leads to various symptoms occur for a long time to subtleer information changes such as other people expression in the eyes, expression, moods, such as feels Know blunt, human communication disorders, athymia etc..(be detailed in below appended by research data: " one, the attention of human brain thinking system control Mechanism " and the essence of self-closing disease " two, ", these contents may directly not contacted with the specific technical solution of the present invention, but be had Conducive to understanding the principle of the present invention).

Due to can not also correct the dysautonomia of self-closing disease by surgical operation at present, self-closing disease is mainly still passed through Drug is treated, including central stimulant and antipsychotics, although having certain effect to certain patients, due to nothing Method accomplishes to shoot the arrow at the target, and drug is had an effect towards entire brain, so having apparent side effect.

In fact, connection structure and information transmitting efficiency can be plastic by cynapse since cranial nerve has plasticity Property and synaptic remodelling and slowly changed, so, applicant designs specific external information training according to the essence of self-closing disease Method carries out repetitious stimulation to its related neural link, intervenes and influence these neural links by the plasticity of cranial nerve Transmitting efficiency, treatment and improve self-closing disease.

The problem of according to self-closing disease: (1), external information is not easy to cause " attention " of its " attention " control access；(2), difficult To carry out the switching that normal " attention " is directed toward；The latter one are its essence.Training system of the invention, structure composition and work Make principle such as Fig. 1, including scene generating module, scene generating module includes video playing circuit and display screen, can play and set Determine the scenic picture of content；Scene switching trigger circuit is also had, for generating the trigger signal of scene switching, output connection To scene control switching circuit；Scene switching control circuit, output are connected to scene generating module, generate for controlling scene The work of module；When obtaining the trigger signal of scene switching trigger circuit, scene switching control circuit controls scene and generates mould Block carries out scene switching, exports the scenic picture of different content.

Scene generating module includes video playing circuit and display screen, belongs to the prior art, first selects required scene Picture namely video pictures, by the data of video pictures by width or segment store on hard disk or flash memory reservoir, when broadcasting, Video playing circuit successively plays out one by one or paragraph by paragraph under the control of the control circuit, by stored video pictures, and It can be shown on display screen.And scene switching control circuit is the interface electricity for controlling video playing circuit and carrying out video switching Road can be realized by controlling the output of video data, can also be done together with video playing circuit.The tool of scenic picture Holding in vivo can be configured according to the age of different patients, namely be arranged in its interested, easy scene for inducing its attention Hold.The principle of scene setting is: in primary output namely an output period, the information content that scene is related to is preferably maintained in It is constant, and information can be relatively more simple, or even tableaux can be used.For example, scene is drawn for young children Face can be an animal, one tree, a fresh flower, a width landscape, face, etc., and its object is to contents merely more It is easy to induce patient's note that without being proposed with complicated and chaotic scene content, in order to avoid it is caused to be not easy to pay attention to.But It needs to be different content in the scene that front and back exports twice, cannot be easy to be associated, for example, previous scenic picture is Animal, next scenic picture just should not be animal, and can choose fresh flower or plant etc..

Display screen generally uses big screen display screen.Preferably in the surrounding wall in the room for treatment, setting There is the display screen of multiple (two or more), display curtain wall is constituted, to generate stronger visual stimulus.More preferably display screen packet Include two or more display screens, the vision signal of the front and back of video playing circuit output scenic picture different twice, output It is shown to different display screens.This mode shown in different location is more advantageous to " attention " switching of patient.

Scene switching trigger circuit can be a timing trigger circuit, and such as Fig. 2 is just generated defeated every a timing cycle The trigger signal of a scene switching out.Timing cycle is the period for continuing a certain scenic picture of output, the period to make by Exciter's brain " can pay attention to " to the scene, set according to different the case where stimulated person, conjunction is compared between 2 to 5 seconds It is suitable.Using timing trigger circuit, is assisted without other people, different scenic pictures can be automatically switched by setting time, it is persistently right Patient carries out " attention " induction and " attention " switching, high-efficient, the disadvantage is that be difficult to ensure stimulates all effectively each time.

Scene switching trigger circuit is also possible to a manual switch, such as Fig. 3, such as button switch K s, by controlling manually It makes to generate the driving signal of signal switching.If stimulated person be older (about 10 years old or more) and symptoms are mild from Close disease patient, patient, which has, is better understood from ability and operational capacity, it is to be understood that operation requires and partner treatment, then can be by Patient oneself controls manual switch, whenever the switching for oneself noticing stimulus signal changes, can press and opens manually It closes, generates the switching of stimulus signal again.And the heavier self-closing disease patient of or symptom smaller for the age, then it needs by special Door doctor operate, after stimulus signal switches over output, doctor observe patient's reaction, if it find that itself it has been noted that To the new signal of new change, manual switch can be pressed and generate driving signal, generate the switching of stimulus signal again.Generally Shrink be fully able to by the limb actions such as the microrection on the reaction of the sight or eye movement of patient's eye and head come Identification judges whether patient carries out " attention " switching.Alternatively, EEG checking device (namely electroencephalograph) can also be had, use EEG checking device detects the EEG signals i.e. EEG of patient, by identifying brain electrical feature signal waveform, to judge that patient occurs " attention " switching.And this brain electrical feature signal, the event-related potentials in EEG signals can be chosen, (event- Related potentials, that is, ERPs), what is be particularly suitable is N400 current potential therein, and wave character is that brain receives one After the new signal stimulus of a (not having relevance) different with first signal stimulus, lasting brain wave patterns are latent by one After phase, there are continuous two negative potentials in front and back.N400 belongs to primary rear reaction, and normal person's incubation period is generally in 270 to 400 millis Second or so, so normal person carries out the time that " attention " switching needs about 0.4 second, self-closing disease patient's meeting in two kinds of unlike signals It delays, and needs stronger and longer signal stimulus that could induce.When EEG checking device detects that this feature occurs in brain electricity Signal illustrates that brain " has paid attention to " difference to front and back stimulus signal, and " attention " is directed toward from preceding signal and is switched To latter signal.Doctor directly can observe this characteristic signal from the display screen of EEG checking device, can also be in brain It is configured on electric detection means, (current digitized EEG checking device, which has, carries out at digitalized data EEG signals The waveform signal of various Evoked ptentials can be analyzed and be identified to the technology of reason), one is exported when detecting this characteristic signal Standby signal, such as indicator light or prompt tone, at this moment doctor can press manual switch and be switched again, or can also maintain A bit of time (one to several seconds) is switched again after its pays attention stably.

As an improvement, scene switching trigger circuit can also be the detection and identification module of a brain electrical feature signal, such as Fig. 4, including an EEG checking device and a brain electrical feature signal recognition circuit, (can also be directly in digitized brain electric-examination The function of being configured to realize characteristic signal identification circuit on device is surveyed, i.e. the two integration), when the brain electricity for detecting patient Just trigger signal of the electric signal as scene switching is exported when characteristic signal occurs in signal, or can also maintain a period of time The delay of (one to several seconds) exports scene handoff trigger signal again after patient's pays attention stably.According to aforementioned, brain electrical feature signal Using the signal of Hz ERP especially N400 current potential.The program directlys adopt the brain electricity of EEG checking device detection patient Signal, and by characteristic signal identification device come the characteristic signal of automatic identification N400 current potential, after carrying out a scene switching, It detects that continuous two negative electricity digit wave forms occur after an incubation period in EEG signals, is identified as N400 current potential occur, it is just defeated A trigger signal carries out the switching of scenic picture to scene control switching circuit, control again out.The improvement is not necessarily to doctor Identification and control, can reduce doctor's workload and avoid maloperation, using more convenient, it is often more important that because brain electricity occurs N400 waveform just illustrates that brain has carried out " attention " switching, so can make each scenic picture that can induce brain pays attention to it Just carry out the switching again of scenic picture afterwards, it is not only accurate and reliable but also improve efficiency.

In the above-mentioned scheme using EEG checking device, the brain electro-detection that patients head is set of EEG checking device Electrode can be made into the device of hat shape, between the host of progress data processing, can be used wirelessly such as using radio frequency Technology carries out data transmission, to reduce the psychological impact to patient.

A kind of specific embodiment such as Fig. 5 of the present invention.Scene switching trigger circuit therein includes two ways simultaneously: hand Detection and the identification module of dynamic switch Ks and brain electrical feature signal, both can according to the EEG signals signature waveform for the person of being trained to come Automatic trigger scene switching can also according to circumstances be triggered manually by doctor.Its scene generating module further includes having scene Auxiliary information generation module works with video playing circuit synchronization, can generate the scene played with video playing circuit simultaneously The scene auxiliary information that the content of picture matches.This may include the audio playing circuit and loudspeaker for playing audio signal ?；Or the generation module for generating other sensory signals such as tactile or smell.Such as: when display screen plays certain animal When picture, audio playing circuit plays the cry of the animal by loudspeaker；When display screen plays the picture of certain fresh flower, smell The fragrance, etc. of generation module output fresh flower.

The present invention is for when treating self-closing disease, allowing patient to be in quiet in the soft room of light, and room is in addition to this Outside invention correlation output device, other objects will lack as far as possible, and it is lasting to cause its to avoid other objects or interference information Pay attention to.The present invention should use under the monitoring of doctor, and child patient parent can be accompanied at one's side.The present invention is dependent on brain mind The plasticity of warp generates effect, similar to the Forming Mechanism of memory and long-term memory, so needing repeatedly and having certain Treatment cycle tells on.Every time using depending on the case where time view patient, generally in more than ten minutes to dozens of minutes, beginning Can daily one to secondary, daily used by the content of scenic picture give and adjust frequently.The present invention is to autism of children early stage Its therapeutic effect is preferable, some patients start display effect after one to two moon, more holds to extraneous various scenes and sound It is also easy to produce note that have improvement to talk, can be changed to once every other day, until lasting improve.Some child patients are controlled in treatment early stage There may be irritated moods during treatment, but this and non-present invention are caused, but the repulsion of patient for treatment's behavior itself Psychology, and belong to transient, easy recovery after treatment end.

Auxiliary information.It is the research money of " the attention controlling mechanism of human brain thinking system " and " essence of self-closing disease " below Material, these data belong to the research of " about the essence of memory, thinking and consciousness and the controlling mechanism of brain " that will deliver Part of content is conducive to understand design principle of the invention.And more detailed content, including memory, thinking, consciousness and note The essence and its course of work of meaning, see also " simulator and method of neural network " submitted before applicant, application Numbers 2014106066977, and " multi-channel nerve stimulating apparatus and its application ", application number 2015101775882 wait Chinese patents Data appended by the specification of application.

The signal processing and controlling mechanism of brain are the most important contents of brain.We can understand brain by anatomy The Nomenclature Composition and Structure of Complexes, understand the projection relationship of each neural link of brain, or even understand the structure and work of single neuron and cynapse Make principle, but still can not understand the essence and work of the memory of brain, thinking and consciousness, main cause is to entire The working mechanism of brain, especially its signal processing and control mechanism, lack a systematic understanding, and once understand The transmitting and controlling mechanism of this signal, much about brain the problem of in addition some mental diseases essence and cause, Bian Keying Sword and solve.

One, " attention " controlling mechanism of human brain thinking system.The signal processing and controlling mechanism of brain are that brain is most important Content.We can understand the Nomenclature Composition and Structure of Complexes of brain by anatomy, understand the projection relationship of each neural link of brain, very To understanding the structure and working principle of single neuron and cynapse, but still it can not understand the memory of brain, thinking and consciousness Essence and work, main cause are the mechanism of working mechanism to entire brain, especially its signal processing and control, Lack a systematic understanding, and once understand the transmitting and controlling mechanism of this signal, much about brain the problem of, The even essence and cause of some mental diseases is just easier to explain.

1. the input transmission channels of information.Analyze brain how to various information carry out " attentions " direction control and Switching, needs first to understand the transmission path in various information input channels.The information processing of brain include to external sensory information and Perception processing to internal body information with thinking and pays attention to related mainly external information processing.And to external information Perception processing includes two aspects again: first is that extraneous various sensory informations, including vision, the sense of hearing, smell etc., from various Sensory input, difference feel there is different input transmission channels；Second is that the intermediate letter that brain is generated in thought process Breath, the Descending Projectionss generated in thinking activities from the intrerneuron of cortex, the cortex of different zones have it is respective under Row projection tract.For the input transmission channels of various feelings, research before is relatively more, here only with wherein more complicated For vision and sense of hearing input channel, the incidence relation of itself and thinking and attention is analyzed.

1. the input transmission channels of visual information.With reference to the visual information Nervons projection structural schematic diagram of Fig. 6.According to Anatomical research, output, that is, optic nerve of the polyesthesia neuron of retina are divided into two big accesses after optic chiasma.

There are many neuron of first vision transmission path, form biggish tractus opticus, transmitting is comprising particular content Visual information projects primary visual cortex by pregeniculate transfer again, and visual information is by time encoding and frequency coding Spatial position coding is converted to, the preliminary identification to various visual informations (shape, size, position, color, brightness etc.) is completed, Joint optic cortex is projected again, completes the identification to visual object.Later, for direct visual information (specific object, figure Picture, picture etc.), be projected directly at associated cortex remembered, thinking and response activity, and the vision for being related to text is believed Breath then projects the reading maincenter of cortex, completes the identification to text, then projects the information note that associated cortex carries out language Recall and thinking activities.Joint optic cortex can also be projected directly at motor cortex.Motor cortex and cerebellum (seem that there are also line shapes Body) etc. constitute kinematic system, kinematic system is not belonging to thought system, can both be controlled by the output of thought system, can also nothing It needs thought system control and muscular movement is directly reflected and controlled according to visual information, be also able to carry out united learning and memory And reaction treatment, it that is to say so-called " procedural memory ", complete most of movements of unconscious progress in our daily lifes.

The neuron of Article 2 vision transmission path after optic chiasma is less, but is actually prior, this biography It passs access and actually includes at least three aspects: (1), projecting to hypothalamus.Projection transmitting only in visual information it is bright with it is dark Information, reflex circuit is formed by the view coker, tuberal nuclei, nipple core etc. of hypothalamus, then uplink is to the extensive of thalamus and cortex The projection of region, downlink to the being modulated property such as brain stem and spinal cord, (histaminergic neuron), to form circadian rhythm and carry out The control of sleep and awakening.(2), project to pretectal area, then project to reticular formation of brain stem.This projection is not comprising specific Visual information, only transmit the presence or absence of visual information and intensity, (information strength realized by the granting frequency of action potential Transmitting), so applicant this Nervons projection call " is reported " formula project.It is netted that this " report " signal projects brain stem The vision data feedback channel of structure, and (sense of hearing, smell, tactile etc.) is felt with other inhomogeneities for equally projecting reticular structure " report " signal carries out " competition ", if it is possible to which the vision data feedback channel for activating reticular structure to project to thalamus is " causing " " attention " of formatio reticularis mesencephali.Pretectal area has neuron Descending Projectionss to lead to eyes to feedback regulation crystalline lens simultaneously Pupillary reflex is crossed to adjust the luminous intensity into eyes.(3), project to superior colliculus.Superior colliculus has the phase of neuron with primary visual cortex Mutually connection modulation, while there are also neuron Descending Projectionss to the oculomotor nerve of eyes for superior colliculus, carries out eye movement control.So application The effect that people analyzes superior colliculus is when visual information is by " attention ", and specific " lime light " of vision is placed on visual information by control Which part namely which of the visual field or which object, and control of the superior colliculus to eye movement, exactly by eye lens Focus be incident upon on which position of retina.

Obviously, the (2) and (3) two aspects are just related with " attention " of thinking, wherein project to pretectal area the (2) in terms of Be cause reticular structure to visual information " attention ", and project to superior colliculus the (3) in terms of be to invest vision " lime light " Which position in the visual field or which object.It is noted that projection of the superior colliculus to oculomotor nerve needs not move through cortex and moves Area and cerebellum, and directly control the eye movement movement of eyes.When having a dream, there is nervous activity, but motor cortex in thought system Output with the kinetic systems such as cerebellum is suppressed, and will not generate body movement, only oculomotor nerve both can be by kinetic system The control of system, and can be directly by the control of reticular structure and superior colliculus, so the activity (dreamland) of thought system can be followed to occur Eye movement movement, there is the reason of eye movement movement in this when that is to say daydream.

1. 2. input transmission channels of auditory information.As shown in Figure 7.(lemniscus lateralis passes first sense of hearing transmission path Guiding path) it is relayed from cochlea by corpus geniculatum mediale, it projects to primary auditory cortex, believes for transmitting the sense of hearing comprising particular content Breath；Article 2 sense of hearing transmission path (the outer access of fillet) is projected to reticular formation of brain stem, the transmission path from superior olivary nucleus branch And do not include specific auditory content, the presence or absence of sense of hearing and intensity are only transmitted, the projection of " report " formula is also belonged to.This " report " Signal carries out " competition " with other " report " signals inputted in reticular structure, to cause reticular structure to the " note of auditory information Meaning ".Two sense of hearing transmission paths are connected each other in inferior colliculus, and inferior colliculus has neuron mutually to be interconnected with primary auditory cortex simultaneously Network, so, applicant speculates that the effect of inferior colliculus is to control when auditory information is by " attention " by main " lime light " of the sense of hearing Which part of auditory information, such as the sound of which position and which frequency band be placed on.

Other feel that input channel is similar with auditory channel with visual channel for tactile, smell etc., are not discussed herein.

1. 3. and for brain when carrying out thinking, average information caused by the intrerneuron activity of associated cortex Projection processing, currently without the correlative study of this respect.Applicant researchs and analyses, and this average information is in addition to among other Neuron projections are to continue thinking activities, and there is also two aspect projections: on the one hand corticopetal joint sensory area carries out feedback throwing It penetrates, perceives the average information generated in thinking activities again, (also remembered and integrated in some cases) is formed Brain is to self perception of thinking activities namely forms " consciousness "；On the other hand Descending Projectionss are carried out, Descending Projectionss are multipair Few polymerism projection, i.e., one downlink neuron of the movable common activation of multiple intrerneurons in cortex, and should be With grouping specificity, i.e., cortex different grouping has respective projection tract, and (this grouping is not limited to anatomically fixed The region analysis of justice, but what neuron long term activity of earthquake plasticity was formed, so it is more suitable to be known as grouping).Polymerism projection As a result, be the specifying information that this superframe signal does not include neuron activity, and the neuron for only transmitting corresponding grouping is It is no in activity and movable active degree, (providing the speed of frequency by action potential to transmit).These downlinks it is each Projection tract is entering reticular formation of brain stem after relaying, is becoming the projection of " report " formula, carry out with other report signals " competition ", to cause " attention " of the reticular structure to the neuron activity of the grouping.This cortex is thrown to the downlink of reticular structure The meaning for penetrating access is that, when the cortex of the grouping is when carrying out thinking activities, this " attention " is able to maintain that reticular structure and mound Brain continues to synchronize pulse granting to the cortex of the position, to continue to the progress of the thinking activities of the grouping.

1. control, maintenance and the switching 2. " paid attention to ".Human thinking activity in " attentions " direction control and switching, be It generates and switches on reticular formation of brain stem (especially formatio reticularis mesencephali), then other regions such as upload control thalamus and cortex Neuron activity.Switching in for thought system " attention " direction carries out in two levels: what reticular formation of brain stem was responsible for is to incite somebody to action Which information channel is " attention " direction be switched to, i.e., " pays attention to " which category information；What thalamus was responsible for is to be directed toward " attention " to be somebody's turn to do Which specific location in information channel " pays attention to " which part of the category information；And cortex especially akrencephalon associated cortex It is then that specific information processing is carried out under the control of " attention ".

1. the control that 2. 1. reticular formation of brain stem is directed toward " attention ".Fig. 8 is controlling mechanism of the brain to much information Nervons projection schematic diagram.The extraneous input information channel such as multiple information channels including vision, the sense of hearing, smell and cortex thinking channel Neuron activity, there is the nerve after polymerism (multipair few) integration to export to reticular formation of brain stem (medial area) and carry out Projection, these projection tracts only transmit the presence or absence of sign stimulus and intensity (providing frequency by action potential come transfer strength), And do not include the specific information content, belong to the projection of " report " formula.Reticular formation of brain stem is carried out with multiple arranged side by side to thalamus The Upstream driver access of projection, it is corresponding receive these " report " formulas projections from each information channel, and these are side by side Interaction projection is inhibited mutually Upstream driver access each other, the phenomenon that similar " competition " is occurred: being carved with certain when a certain By excitement activation and when uplink carries out pulse granting to thalamus, output simultaneously produces the neuron of other accesses group neuron It is raw to inhibit so that the neuron of other accesses within the same pulse period can not reactivation output, form reticular structure level On monistic " attention " be directed toward.

As within a pulse period, which group neuron can obtain activation and uplink provides lock-out pulse, then depends on In the co-integration of several signals: (1), " report " formula from each information input access projection signal, this signal is main , signal strength or weakness plays a decisive role；(2), the round-trip pulse granting from reticular thalamic nucleus Descending Projectionss, (for maintaining vibration The round-trip granting for swinging loop continues, and also therefore forms each pulse period)；(3), from brain stem and hypothalamus etc. its His neururgic modulating action, (for modulating the oscillatory rhythms of entire oscillating loop)；(4), from other nerves of reticular structure The inhibition modulation of member, (for carrying out " competition ")；These signals carry out excited integration jointly, cause in " the netted knot of brain stem In one pulse period of structure-thalamus " oscillating loop, always have an excited integration trigger action current potential first of certain group neuron and Activation namely its " report " compete and successfully obtain response and cause " to pay attention to ", and then its activation output one side is into thalamus plate Core uplink provides lock-out pulse, on the other hand generates inhibition to the neurons of other accesses immediately, make they can not reactivation it is defeated Out.Later, in the pulse period of the next pulse of reticular thalamic nucleus downlink granting, above-mentioned integration and competition process once more into Row.In cycles, so that within each pulse period, reticular structure have and " report " of only one truck competition at Function and cause " to pay attention to ", and uplink to intralaminar nuclei carry out driving pulse granting, by lock-out pulse required for information processing It projects to this truck, realizes the control of " attention " direction " which kind of " information to thinking activities.

1. the control that 2. thalamus is directed toward " attention ".The major function of thalamus be relaying, including information relaying with it is synchronous Pulse relaying.Be responsible for information relaying is " specific relay nucleus group ", mainly includes lateral nuclear group, ventral nuclear group and geniculate body core Group, for carrying out relaying and primary treatment to the information input of polyesthesia (vision, sense of hearing etc.)；There are also on the outside of ventral anterior nucleus and abdomen Core, the average information for passing movement system.And be responsible for lock-out pulse relaying is so-called " non-specific core group ".It is practical The granting of upper lock-out pulse has specific projection relationship, only the specificity rather than the information content of lock-out pulse granting Specificity.The relay nucleus group of lock-out pulse receives the lock-out pulse granting of reticular structure Ascending Projections, and (cholinergic nerve is thrown Penetrate), on the one hand hair side shoot projects nucleus reticularis for output, then Descending Projectionss return to reticular formation of brain stem and form a closed loop oscillation Loop；On the other hand the output of these relay nucleus group is also to the multiple regions such as cerebral cortex and basal nuclei, limbic system and cerebellum The granting of pulse is synchronized, the neuron in these regions of Collaborative Control carries out the information processings such as thinking and movement.

It is analyzed according to existing anatomical documentation, in thalamus, the relevant main packet of relay nucleus group with synchronized-pulse control Include anterior nuclear group of thalamus, sections inner side nuclear colony and intralaminar nuclei.Wherein it is netted to receive brain stem foot pontine tegmentum for anterior nuclear group and medial nuclear group The granting of the lock-out pulse of core and lateral dorsal nucleus is exported to part cerebral cortex and limbic system (especially hippocampus and almond Core) cortex projected, it is mainly used for controlling the memory and integration of the average information of thought system and emotional system；And in plate Core, receives the lock-out pulse granting of formatio reticularis mesencephali, and output projects akrencephalon basal nuclei, corpus straitum and cortex of telencephalon Extensive region, for the information processing namely thinking activities of Collaborative Control thought system, can also be controlled by thought system is The motion process of part motor cortex." attention " control access of thought system is wherein mainly taken part in intralaminar nuclei: When a certain information upstream projection tract of formatio reticularis mesencephali neuronal activation and to the neuron of intralaminar nuclei corresponding position send out When putting lock-out pulse, this partial nerve member of intralaminar nuclei is activated by the lock-out pulse granting of uplink, and aixs cylinder is exported to dissipate The mode uplink of projection corresponds to neuron to cortex and provides lock-out pulse, and the partial nerve member for being projected granting is enable to obtain The cooperative exiting of lock-out pulse forms excited integration and carries out chain type activation, is i.e. progress thinking activities.And reticular thalamic nucleus receives The side shoot projection and the feedback of cortex thinking channel intrerneuron of intralaminar nuclei project, then downlink is returned to formatio reticularis mesencephali Feedback projection.

So formatio reticularis mesencephali, intralaminar nuclei and reticular thalamic nucleus constitute " attention " control ring of thought system Road receives the signal of " report " the formula projection of each information channel, then which part mind of which information channel to thought system Driving pulse granting is synchronized through member, controls the neuron activity of the part, to carry out the control of thinking " attention " direction.Its The signal in each channel projects as shown in figure 9, and specific neuron projections are as shown in Figure 10.The wherein uplink of formatio reticularis mesencephali It provides and decides which group neuron of intralaminar nuclei can activate output, and the activation of this group of neuron of intralaminar nuclei exports Decide which partial nerve member of cortex is able to carry out information processing again.What formatio reticularis mesencephali was responsible for is to cut " attention " direction Which information channel is changed to, i.e., which category information " paid attention to "；And what thalamus was responsible for is that " attention " is directed toward in the information channel Any partial nerve member, i.e., which part of the category information " paid attention to "；And brain associated cortex is responsible for specific information processing (thinking and memory), and this treatment process self is perceived by sensory cortex, namely generate self " consciousness ".For example, midbrain " attention " is directed toward visual information by reticular structure control, and thalamus control is " attention " which object in visual, and combines Cortex is then responsible for identifying this object, and perceives the activity of associated cortex by sensory cortex simultaneously, and " consciousness " arrives this object The presence of body.

1. the maintenance 2. 3. " paid attention to ".When a thought process is when carrying out, the cortical neuron in the thinking channel is movable In excitatory state, the activation of these neurons is acted, also while logical other than continuing to provide forward to carry out chain type activation The projection of gathering is crossed, generate the superframe signal of two-way downlink: first via downlink signal feedback is issued to intralaminar nuclei, passes through Excitement integration makes intralaminar nuclei continue to provide to the channel by next synchronous pulse, to maintain the neuron in the channel can Continue to activate, also send out side shoot projects reticular thalamic nucleus to first via downlink signal simultaneously, and oscillating loop is promoted to can continue to It carries out；Second road downlink signal is the projection that " report " formula is carried out to formatio reticularis mesencephali, maintains the netted knot of midbrain by competition Continuation " attention " of the structure to the channel.This two-way Descending Projectionss signal maintains " attention " of the thinking control loop to the channel jointly It is directed toward, also, the activation of the neuron in the formatio reticularis mesencephali channel, also the neuron in other information channel is pressed down simultaneously System, inhibits the activation of other channel neurons, this that is to say the working mechanism that " attention " of thinking activities maintains.

1. the switching 2. 4. " paid attention to ".Cause " to pay attention to " to be directed toward and occur switching, probably there is following these types of situation.

(1), the content of thinking activities changes.In thought process, the information content of original thinking is associated or is transformed into The neuron activity of otherwise information namely original thinking access is reflected into the neuron of other groupings due to integration, The neuronal excitation of the part is caused to activate, and the activation of this partial nerve member, two-way downlink, which is generated, according to same mechanism throws Penetrate signal, one side feedback projects intralaminar nuclei so that intralaminar nuclei by next synchronous pulse to the partial nerve member into Row is provided, and the partial nerve member is maintained to can continue to activity；Another aspect downlink carries out " report " projection to formatio reticularis mesencephali, If the partial nerve member is not belonging to same thinking channel with original thinking, attract formatio reticularis mesencephali to new tunnel " attention ".So far, it is directed toward " attention " of thinking, active switching is carried out between different thinkings.

(2), the competition of external input information.In thought process, if there is the input of external information, (what is seen, is listened To what, what, etc. is felt), input channel can be transmitted to formatio reticularis mesencephali by non-specificity and carry out " report ", As for can cause " to pay attention to ", then its signal strength is seen.If it is sufficiently strong to input information, (for example see fangle, it hears Special sound, surprisingly touched, etc.), this action potential that can be reflected in its " report " signal is provided in frequency, so It can make the excited integration of the information channel neuron faster and trigger activation, provide lock-out pulse, and anti-mistake to thalamus uplink " attention " channel before inhibited, namely " competition " success and obtains formatio reticularis mesencephali to the information input " attention ".So far, " attention " of thinking is directed toward, is switched in the processing to the external input information.

(3), the influence of other modulation paths.In thought process, the influence of the modulated signal of other modulation paths, such as The state of kinetic system, the emotion influence of emotional system, the sudden change of internal organ and endocrine system, drug and other changes The effect, etc. for learning substance, may all impact the neuron activity of each information channel, so that it is netted to affect midbrain Structure controls " attention " of various information channels, causes the switching for " paying attention to " being directed toward.

(4), the operation irregularity of " attention " control access leads to " attention " switching for occurring abnormal.In different people, " attention " The cynapse quantity and physiological potency controlled between the neuron and neuron of relevant nerve pathway can slightly have difference, cause difference People has different performances in terms of " attention " control, therefore also forms different cognition preferences and different personality.For example, " attention " is directed toward the stronger people of maintenance ability, and comparing can be absorbed in and be dedicated to handle a certain thing；And " attention " is directed toward switching The stronger people of ability then compares after caring for before being good at seeing, comprehensively considers this or that.

But if this species diversity is more than that a certain degree, will lead to the exception of thinking activities.For example, formatio reticularis mesencephali is each The inhibiting effect inhibited mutually between a information upstream projection tract is insufficient, in this case, successfully draws in a certain truck " attention " is played during carrying out information processing, other information access is effectively pressed down if be at this moment unable to maintain that System just may cause other information access and be easy to appear accident activation and cause " to pay attention to ", and at this moment formatio reticularis mesencephali can not incite somebody to action " attention " persistently maintains in a certain truck, but improper frequent switching is carried out in different information channels.This table Now of short duration to focus on difficult and persistence of attention, brain can not be absorbed in Mr. Yu's part thing, i.e. " attention deficit " (ADD). And if this inhibiting effect is too strong, it will cause once entering a certain thinking activities, just other information channel is carried out too strong Inhibition, causing " to pay attention to " to be directed toward normally to be switched, this just shows as self-closing disease.(it is detailed in " the sheet of self-closing disease below Matter ").

1. it is 2. 5. summarized, thinking control loop is controlled, maintained and switched to " attention " direction of thought system.Its What middle formatio reticularis mesencephali was responsible for is by information processing " attention " direction " which kind of " information: by " formatio reticularis mesencephali ← The lock-out pulse provided back and forth between → thalamus " is compared with the input signal strengths of various external informations and average information Integration, to make the Upstream driver pulse of reticular structure change to the subregion and packet positions of intralaminar nuclei granting, with choosing Steering " which kind of " information channel is selected, (for example, being directed toward vision, the sense of hearing, tactile etc., or cortex is directed toward and is carrying out in thinking Between information channel).And thalamus is responsible for " which part " in " attention " direction same class information channel by information processing: working as mound When certain group pulse excitation by reticular structure uplink granting of neuron of a certain subregion of brain, neuronal activation and in cortex The part neuron projected provides synchronization motivationtheory pulse, so that the partial nerve member in cortex is carried out chain type by excitement integration Activation is thinking activities, so that " attention " that controls thinking activities is directed toward in information corresponding to this partial nerve member, (for example, " attention " which individual in visual information, " attention " which sound in numerous sound, where is " attention " in thinking activities The content of one side).And cortex is responsible for specific information processing: the intermediate nerve of each information word is corresponded on associated cortex Member carries out orderly stepping activation successively one by one or by group, forms chain type and swash under the granting excitation of thalamus lock-out pulse It is living, realize brain to the identification of information, thinking, reaction and memory function, (for example, Who is that over there, what that sound says, What, etc. be that problem be)；And sensory cortex is projected simultaneously, the activity of associated cortex is perceived by sensory cortex, is formed Self perception namely formation " consciousness " to thinking activities, (such as, it is appreciated that the presence of that people, it is appreciated that sound, meaning Know " I " is carrying out what thinking, etc.).

1. the switch speed and brain 2. 6. " paid attention to " is electric " N400 ".For normal thinking activities, due to being in joint skin Carry out chain type activation between the related Neurons of matter, dependence be lock-out pulse from thalamus to cortex granting excitation, so thinking Dimension can be carried out with faster speed, in the case where being modulated with enhancement (in excited or nervous thinking), the chain of thinking The stepping rate of formula activation can achieve more than ten of stepping per second or more namely each stepping time-consuming less than 100 milliseconds.But It either between the different sensory informations from extraneous onrelevant or is to come for the switching that " attention " is directed toward It is a certain between the different content of thought of the onrelevant of thought process or switched between inside and outside different information Information will obtain new " attention ", and the neuron of the information channel is needed first to activate granting, project midbrain net using polymerization Shape structure carries out " report ", then in formatio reticularis mesencephali carries out excited integration and with " attentions " channel competition before, compete at The ascending nerve in the formatio reticularis mesencephali channel carries out projection granting to intralaminar nuclei again after function, intralaminar nuclei again in cortex with The relevant neuron of the information synchronizes pulse granting, at this moment could generate relevant perception or thinking with the information, cause " attention ".So " attention " switching speed be it is slow, time-consuming about in several hundred milliseconds or so.

Caused thought system is neururgic when brain carries out " attention " switching between no associated different information Change and delay, the producing cause of Hz ERP " N400 " exactly in EEG research: is reading silently one section of sentence and end of the sentence is The word of semantic not relevance, or when two completely unrelated pictures are presented, brain can not associating namely Do not have to carry out the switching of " attention " between two kinds of different information of relevance, has caused the lock-out pulse hair of thinking control loop What is put delays and changes, and produces " N400 " phenomenon of brain electricity Evoked ptential.It is directed toward and is occurred due to " attention " of thought system Input, identification and the intermediate treatment link of information, and it is unrelated with movement output, so Wernicke aphasia namely receptive aphasia " N400 " of patient will not be generated, and " N400 " of Broca aphasia namely motor aphasia patient can be generated.

Two, the essence of self-closing disease.Self-closing disease is also caused by " attention " controlling mechanism operation irregularity of human thinking system, But with attention deficit disease on the contrary, self-closing disease is not that " attention " is unable to maintain that, self-closing disease is that human thinking system " attention " is directed toward Normal " attentions " switching can not be carried out between each information channel, and concentrations and is maintained singularly to bosom letter It ceases on the certain neural channels handled, other neural channels is especially inhibited to view to also relatively inhibit " attention " of the external informations input channel such as feel, the sense of hearing, tactile, causes patient that can perceive external information, but is not easy to draw It rises " attention ", then these external informations are just unable to get the normal processing of thought system.Since patient can perceive extraneous letter Breath, so it is able to carry out the movement (namely movement without thought system control) of the instincts such as daily routines and hedging such as walking, Illusion will not occur, but various extraneous inputs information (vision, the sense of hearing, tactile etc.) are not easy to cause formatio reticularis mesencephali " attention " " attention " of control access is also just difficult to obtain the processing (namely the granting excitation for lacking lock-out pulse) of thought system.So Patient includes that extraneous event, others information such as conversation content are not easy " to pay attention to " to various extraneous input information, react compared with It is weak or even blunt, and abnormal wholwe-hearted " attention " is in the certain thinking activities of oneself.Moreover, because the process of communication is often The progress between the different information contents is needed arbitrarily and frequently to switch, and the thought system of patient is difficult to carry out normally " attention " switching, so patient will appear difficult and obstacle when carrying out communication with other people, long will be returned due to difficulty Keep away this exchange.And since " attention " to external information is weaker, patient be also not easy " to pay attention to " expression to other people, sight, The information of these faint details such as the tone, mood " will not more pay attention to " to the Emotion expression of oneself and these performances drawing Other people what reaction is played, so patient can not form normal perception and reaction to oneself and other people mood and expression, it is long Phase is previous, and patient is just caused to lack normal Emotion expression and emotion communication.That is, the communication obstacle of self-closing disease and These symptoms of athymia are the knot being directed toward caused by can not carrying out normally switching its thought system " attention " in fact Fruit.According to different degrees of, a variety of performances that self-closing disease can also have degree different that " attention " switching is abnormal, patient can be incited somebody to action when serious " attention " is directed toward in the nervous activity for maintaining certain average informations for a long time and ignores various external informations completely, and language is caused to hand over Stream is degenerated and is even finally lost, or even loses the inhibition to oneself behavior due to losing " attention " to other things, generates Impulsive or aggression.

From the point of view of the controlling mechanism that brain " attention " is directed toward, (see front " the input transmission channels of 1.1 information " and " 1.2 The content of control, maintenance and the switching paid attention to " part).The exception of this " attention " switching, it may be possible to: (1), extraneous input it is logical Road is excessively weak to superframe signal of formatio reticularis mesencephali itself, can not cause " attention "；(2), the thinking channel of cortex is netted to midbrain The Descending Projectionss overflow of structure, so that " attention " that causes formatio reticularis mesencephali " attention " control access more strongly refers to To；(3) the effect, inhibited mutually between each data feedback channel of formatio reticularis mesencephali is too strong or the self suppression effect in each channel It crosses weak, certain channel is caused once to obtain " paying attention to " and establish the service aisle just abnormal work for consumingly inhibiting other channels.From Patient is not easy external information note that seemingly the (1) from the point of view of the performance of self-closing disease, but applicant be more biased towards it is main in inferring Or (3) plant for two kinds especially the below, reason include: (1), it is excessively weak if it is project information of extraneous input channel itself, just It should be that some specific information channel (one of channels such as vision, the sense of hearing, tactile) is excessively weak, without that should be to all external worlds Input information is all not easy " to pay attention to "；(2), patient not " can not pay attention to " external information, only be difficult to normally be switched, Patient can also be absorbed in certain external informations for a long time sometimes, for example play for a long time and an article or be absorbed in and do for a long time A certain thing illustrates the exception of more main still " attention " switching of self-closing disease.(3), in addition studies have found that, some self-closing diseases Patient is very sensitive to certain sound, can usually feel very noisy, but to talk, there are obstacles, illustrate patient not to Auditory Perception Deficiency, but can perceive but " can not pay attention to ", these acoustic informations can not be normally handled, and it only is treated as noise, (depending on Feel can be avoided by " not seeing ", but the sense of hearing can not be avoided by " not listening ").So illustrating that self-closing disease is that associated cortex is thought Dimension Descending Projectionss overflow from channel to formatio reticularis mesencephali or formatio reticularis mesencephali each data feedback channel between press down mutually The effect of system is too strong, is directed toward " attention " of formatio reticularis mesencephali and excessively maintains certain thinking channels, and is difficult to carry out normal " attention " switching.Moreover, because the thinking channel of brain is also that there are multiple and different groupings and different channels, each thinkings Channel is projected by respective Descending Projectionss access to formatio reticularis mesencephali, and self-closing disease should be some of them channel It projects too strong, so the content of thought that self-closing disease patient is absorbed in is also unilateral, and may therefore cause the think of of some aspects Dimension ability is excessively weak, and too strong channel is directed toward in its " attention ", due to carrying out information processing in these channels for a long time, may make It is superpower at the thinking ability of this aspect, so that becoming the talent of deformity laid particular stress in a certain respect.

Cause this " attention " be directed toward the abnormal cause of disease of control may be largely it is genetic, i.e., brain is raw in infant Just the structural dysplasia of neural channel is formed when long.Other factors may be due to certain neurotransmitters or quenched different Often, or the modulating action from brain stem modularity nerve nucleus is abnormal, leads to Descending Projectionss overflow or inhibits to make mutually It is acted on the self suppression of too strong or local microcircuit insufficient；Even since the Descending Projectionss channel of cortex belongs to amino acid energy Nerve, signal transmitting is that tool is plastic, so it is learned that it is abnormal, which to be also not excluded for certain " attentions ",.Due to brain Commonly there is the phenomenon that Inter Modulation in each neural channel, lead to self-closing disease Producing reason, necessarily can also be living to other nerves It is dynamic to have an impact, cause certain patients otherwise brain function exception occur, self-closing disease is made to seem more complicated.It is treating certainly When closing disease, it will be recognized that it is actually its thought system that it, which perceives abnormal, the talk characteristic symptoms such as obstacle and athymia, " attention " be directed toward switching it is abnormal long-term caused by as a result, treatment need could be more effective for its essence.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of for treating the video training system of self-closing disease, including scene generating module, scene generating module includes video Playing circuit and display screen can play the scenic picture of setting content；It is characterized in that also having: scene switching triggering electricity Road, for generating the trigger signal of scene switching, output is connected to scene switching control circuit；Scene switching control circuit, Its output is connected to scene generating module, for controlling the work of scene generating module；Obtaining scene switching trigger circuit When trigger signal, scene switching control circuit controls the switching that scene generating module carries out scenic picture, and output context is not Same scenic picture；

The scene switching trigger circuit is the detection and identification module of a brain electrical feature signal, when the brain electricity for detecting patient When brain electrical feature signal occurs in signal, a trigger signal is just exported；The brain electrical feature signal is induced using brain electricity event The characteristic signal of N400 current potential in current potential.

2. according to claim 1 for treating the video training system of self-closing disease, it is characterised in that: the display screen is On the surrounding wall in room, it is provided with the display screen of multiple (two or more), constitutes display curtain wall；It is further preferred that display Screen includes two or more display screens, the vision signal of the front and back of video playing circuit output scenic picture different twice, Different display screens is output to be shown.

3. according to claim 1 for treating the video training system of self-closing disease, it is characterised in that: brain electrical feature signal Detection and identification module include an EEG checking device and a brain electrical feature signal recognition circuit；EEG checking device is set The brain electro-detection electrode section in patients head is set, data biography is carried out using wireless mode between the host of progress data processing It is defeated.

4. according to claim 1 for treating the video training system of self-closing disease, it is characterised in that: the scene produces Raw module, which may also include, scene auxiliary information generation module, works with video playing circuit synchronization, can generate simultaneously with view The scene auxiliary information that the content for the scenic picture that frequency playing circuit plays matches.