CN108992759B - Video training system for treating autism - Google Patents

Abstract

A video training system for treating autism belongs to the field of medical instruments and comprises a scene generation module and is characterized by further comprising a scene switching trigger circuit, wherein the scene switching trigger circuit is used for generating a trigger signal for scene switching, the output of the scene switching trigger circuit is connected to a scene switching control circuit and used for controlling the scene generation module to switch scene pictures and outputting the scene pictures with different front and back contents. The significance of the device is that the device can induce the attention of the brain to visual signals, can continuously switch the attention direction of the brain, repeatedly induce the attention of a patient and switch the attention, intervenes and influences the transmission efficiency of a nerve channel through the plasticity of cranial nerves, strengthens the attention of the patient to external information and the attention switching capacity, and can be used for treating the autism.

Description

Video training system for treating autism

Technical Field

The present invention is a divisional application of the patent application No. 2015101433673 to remedy the loss of claims caused by the improper modification of the claims by the applicant during the prosecution of the original application. The invention relates to a training system for stimulating and intervening central nerves by adopting videos, which can be used for treating autism.

Background

Psychologically, attention (attention) is the direction and concentration of mental activities to a certain subject, and neurobiologically, attention is the mental processing of information of a certain subject by cerebral neurons at a certain time. Note that some information that can be directed to the outside world, such as some light or some image directed to the visual channel, some characteristic sound or some language content directed to auditory information, some tactile or mechanical sensation directed to tactile information; note that some information may also be directed to mental activities within the brain, such as to something or thing of the mental process. The normal person can maintain the attention direction on certain information according to the need of consciousness, and can switch the attention direction between different information according to the need of consciousness. This attention-directed control ability has subtle differences among people, and if the differences are within normal ranges, they only cause the brain to differ to some extent in character, hobby, cognition, and intelligence. For example, people who are directed to have a strong ability to maintain, can focus on and address something; people who pay attention to the strong switching ability are good at looking before and after, and comprehensively consider various things. However, if some of the neural pathways of the brain are abnormal, the control function of the attention direction is problematic, and some mental diseases, such as attention deficit disorder or autism, can be caused. In autism, neural activity is currently generally intervened by affecting central stimulants or antipsychotics, which, although effective, are not targeted to the whole brain and therefore have major side effects. There are also psychological therapeutic approaches: since the most prominent symptoms of autistic patients are abnormal perception, dysconversation and lack of emotion, the perception of the patients is enhanced through a variety of complex education and training including rich environmental design, games, action combination, etc., and language communication and emotional communication with the patients are enhanced, or the perception of various sounds is promoted by subjecting the patients to auditory stimulation through a set of sounds with specific frequency structures. However, the essential and cause of autism lack theoretical guidance in neurobiology and evidence-based medicine, so that the key points are not caught and the treatment effect is limited. In fact, symptoms of dysesthesia, dysconverse and anhedonia, which are manifested by autism, are the result and not the cause thereof.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to disclose a video training (or training) system for inducing the brain to repeatedly switch attention directions, which can improve the capability of the brain to switch attention directions and can be used for treating autistic patients.

The video training system comprises a scene generation module, wherein the scene generation module comprises a video playing circuit and a display screen and can play scene pictures with set contents; it is characterized in that the utility model also has: the scene switching trigger circuit is used for generating a scene switching trigger signal, and the output of the scene switching trigger signal is connected to the scene switching control circuit; a scene switching control circuit, the output of which is connected to the scene generation module and is used for controlling the work of the scene generation module; when the trigger signal of the scene switching trigger circuit is obtained, the scene switching control circuit controls the scene generation module to switch the scene pictures and outputs the scene pictures with different front and rear contents.

The display screen is generally a large-screen display screen. It is preferable that a plurality of (two or more) display screens are provided on the peripheral wall of the room for treatment, constituting a display curtain wall, to generate a stronger visual stimulus. More preferably, the display screen includes two or more display screens, and the video signals of the two different scene pictures before and after the video signal is output by the video playing circuit and output to the different display screens for display.

The scene switching trigger circuit may adopt a timing trigger circuit, and generates a trigger signal for outputting a scene switching every other timing cycle. The timing period is between 2 and 5 seconds, and can be adjusted according to the condition of a patient. The intelligent control system has the advantages that different scene pictures are automatically switched according to set time without assistance of other people, attention induction and attention switching are continuously carried out on a patient, the efficiency is high, and the defect that each stimulation is difficult to be effective is overcome.

The scene switching trigger circuit can also be a manual switch, and the trigger signal of scene switching is generated through manual control. After the operation of the doctor, when it is recognized that the patient has switched the scene picture "attention", the manual switch is pressed to perform the scene switching again. Or, an electroencephalogram detection device (i.e., an electroencephalograph) can be further provided to detect an electroencephalogram signal (EEG) of the patient, and when the electroencephalogram detection device detects that a characteristic signal waveform of a specific event-induced potentials (ERPs) appears in the electroencephalogram signal of the patient, the doctor presses the manual switch to perform scene switching again, or the doctor can maintain a short time (one to several seconds) and perform switching again after the user's attention is stabilized. The electroencephalogram characteristic signal is particularly suitable for an N400 event evoked potential, and the waveform characteristic is that after the brain receives a new signal stimulus different from the previous signal stimulus, two continuous negative potentials appear after the brain waveform passes a latency period. The characteristic signal can be directly observed from a display screen of the electroencephalogram detection device, the characteristic signal can also be set on the electroencephalogram detection device, and when the characteristic signal is detected, a prompt signal is output through an indicator light or a prompt sound.

As a preferred improvement, the scene switching trigger circuit may also be a detection and identification module of an electroencephalogram characteristic signal, and includes an electroencephalogram detection device and an electroencephalogram characteristic signal identification circuit, (or may be directly set on a digitized electroencephalogram detection device to implement the function of the characteristic signal identification circuit, i.e., the two are integrated), when the characteristic signal of the electroencephalogram signal of the patient is detected, an electrical signal is output as a trigger signal for scene switching, or a time delay of a period of time (one to several seconds) may be maintained until the patient notices stabilization, and then the scene switching trigger signal is output. The electroencephalogram characteristic signal can also be N400 event evoked potential. The improvement does not need the operation of a doctor, can reduce the workload of the doctor and avoid misoperation, is more convenient to use, and more importantly, can ensure that the scene pictures can be switched again after the scene pictures can induce brain attention every time, so that the method is accurate and reliable and improves the efficiency.

The scene generation module can also comprise a scene auxiliary information generation module which works synchronously with the video playing circuit and can simultaneously generate scene auxiliary information matched with the content of the scene picture played by the video playing circuit.

The invention can be used for treating autism. According to the research, the autism is that in the 'attention' control channel of the brain thinking system of a patient, the 'attention' points are abnormally and excessively concentrated and maintained on some nerve channels for processing internal intermediate information, normal 'attention' switching cannot be carried out, and the activities of other nerve channels, particularly external information such as vision, auditory sensation, touch sensation and the like, are relatively inhibited. Therefore, the patient is apt to concentrate on some mental activities too much, (i.e. the patient is said to live in his/her mental world in psychology), and not to pay attention to various external information. Since most (about 80%) of information inputted by the human brain through external senses comes from visual information, and the visual sense of the autistic patient cannot get normal "attention", it appears as slow perception, the ability to recognize, learn and process the external information is seriously affected, and it is difficult to "pay attention" to the conversation contents of other people during the communication with other people, and it is more difficult to pay attention to the relatively fine information changes of the other people such as the eye spirit, expression, tone, and emotion, etc., which has led to the occurrence of various symptoms such as conversation disturbance, emotional deficiency, etc., for a long time. The thinking system 'attention' points to the failure of normal switching and the failure of normal attention to various external sensory information, which is the neurobiological nature of autism, and the abnormal perception, dysconversation and lack of emotion are just various symptoms caused and expressed under the abnormal neural activity for a long time.

The invention displays a certain scene picture on a large screen display screen as visual information (and can be matched with auditory sensation information and the like related to contents) to attract the attention of the brain of a patient according to the neurobiology essence of autism, continuously switches scene pictures with different contents to force the brain of the patient to generate attention switching after the scene pictures are induced to pay attention, so as to repeatedly carry out attention induction and attention switching, intervene and influence the information transmission of a neural channel through the plasticity (including synapse plasticity and synapse reconstruction) of brain nerves after long-time and repeated stimulation, strengthen the attention and attention switching capacity of the patient to external information, relieve the condition that the patient is excessively attentive to the external information due to certain thinking activity, and improve various symptoms expressed by the autism, has positive treatment effect.

The invention improves the information processing abnormity based on the plasticity of the cranial nerves, the treatment effect is more effective when the autism is light, particularly in the early stage of the infantile autism, and the invention only plays a certain role in relieving and recovering patients with serious symptoms, but has great significance for the patients.

In particular, unlike other therapeutic devices which claim to be able to treat a variety of neurological diseases, the present invention has its specific therapeutic mechanism, namely, it frequently induces the attention of the brain of the patient by continuously outputting and transforming different scene signals, and strengthens the ability of the patient to perform "attention" switching to treat autism. Another attention-disorder related disease of children, attention-deficit disorder (sometimes called "hyperactivity disorder"), is that the brain's attention points to the failure to concentrate and maintain the same information channel for a long time, and the abnormal frequent switching between different information channels results in the failure of concentration and the proneness to distraction and hyperactivity. Although the mechanism of the pathogenesis of autism is abnormal, the nature of the pathogenesis is just opposite to that of autism. Therefore, the therapeutic mechanism of the present invention determines that it is not useful for the treatment of attention deficit disorder, which may otherwise exacerbate its symptoms, requiring rigorous identification and confirmation of patients with autism before treatment with the present invention.

The difference between the method and the technology of the invention and the existing method and technology for treating the autism is that the prior art increases the perception of the patient through a plurality of complex education and training of environment setting, games, conversations, action combination and the like according to symptoms of the autism patient, enhances the language communication and emotional communication with the patient, or promotes the perception of various sounds by the patient through auditory stimulation of a group of sounds with specific frequency structures (namely, the treatment technology of auditory integration). Even if a change in stimulation information is made inadvertently, it is only a few changes over a long period of time and does not have a strong effect on the patient's ability to switch "attention". The invention directly aims at the essence of the autism, namely the thinking 'attention' points to the difficulty of normal 'switching', the information content of the invention simply induces the 'attention' of the patient when stimulating each time, and different information contents are switched frequently, so that the 'attention' induction and 'attention' switching can be generated for a very high number of times in a short time. For example, in actual practice, for infantile autism, it takes about 5 seconds to perform scene switching, that is, "attention" switching, on average, the number of times of switching for one minute is 10 or more, and the number of times of switching for 30 minutes of training is 300, so that it is possible to strongly influence the nerves of the "attention" control pathway of the patient, to actively improve the ability of switching between "attention" and "attention" to external information by the plasticity of cranial nerves, and to naturally alleviate the symptoms of the patient. (for the nature of autism and the symptoms that result, reference is made to the data attached below).

Description of the drawings fig. 1 is a block diagram of the constituent structure of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the scene change trigger circuit when a timing trigger circuit is employed. Fig. 3 is a block diagram of the scene change trigger circuit when a manual switch is used. FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a scene change trigger circuit using a detection and identification module for electroencephalogram feature signals. Fig. 5 is a block diagram of an embodiment. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a neural projection structure of visual information. Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a neural projection structure of auditory information. Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the neural projection of the brain to the control mechanism of various information. FIG. 9 is a signal projection diagram of the thought system "attention" control loop. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of neuron projection for the thought system "attention" control loop.

Detailed description of the drawings embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

According to the research, the autism is in the 'attention' control channel of the brain thinking system of a patient, the 'attention' of the autism points to the failure of normal 'attention' switching among various information channels, so that the 'attention' points of the autism points to some nerve channels which are abnormally and excessively concentrated and maintained to process internal intermediate information, and other nerve channels are relatively inhibited, particularly, external information input such as vision, hearing, touch and the like is inhibited. The patient can perceive various external information, but the brain is not easy to attract 'attention', so the patient is easy to excessively concentrate on certain mental activities (namely, the patient is called to live in the mental world per se in psychology), but is not easy to 'pay attention' to various external information, including the fact that the patient is not easy to 'pay attention' to conversation contents of other people, and is more difficult to 'pay attention' to relatively fine information changes such as the eye spirit, the expression, the emotion and the like of other people, and various symptoms such as slow perception, social disorder, lack of emotion and the like are caused after a long time. (see the following appended research data: "attention control mechanism of human brain thinking system" and "nature of autism", these contents may not be directly related to the specific technical scheme of the present invention, but are helpful for understanding the principle of the present invention).

Because the neurological disorder of autism cannot be corrected by surgical operation at present, the autism is mainly treated by medicaments, including central excitation medicaments and antipsychotic medicaments, and although the autism has a certain effect on some patients, the medicaments have obvious side effects because the medicaments are not targeted and act on the whole brain.

In fact, since the brain nerve has plasticity, the connection structure and the information transmission efficiency can be slowly changed through synaptic plasticity and synaptic reconstruction, the applicant designs a specific external information training method according to the nature of the autism, repeatedly stimulates relevant nerve links thereof, intervenes and influences the transmission efficiency of the nerve links through the plasticity of the brain nerve, and treats and improves the autism.

According to the problem of autism: the method comprises the steps that external information is not easy to draw attention of an attention control path; secondly, normal 'attention' directional switching is difficult to carry out; the latter being its nature. The training system comprises a scene generation module, a video playing circuit and a display screen, wherein the scene generation module comprises a video playing circuit and a display screen and can play scene pictures with set contents; the scene switching trigger circuit is used for generating a scene switching trigger signal, and the output of the scene switching trigger signal is connected to the scene switching control circuit; a scene switching control circuit, the output of which is connected to the scene generation module and is used for controlling the work of the scene generation module; when the trigger signal of the scene switching trigger circuit is obtained, the scene switching control circuit controls the scene generation module to switch scenes and output scene pictures with different contents.

The scene generation module comprises a video playing circuit and a display screen, belongs to the prior art, firstly selects required scene pictures, namely video pictures, and stores data of the video pictures on a hard disk or a flash memory one by one or in a segmented manner, and when the video pictures are played, the video playing circuit plays the stored video pictures one by one or in a segmented manner in sequence under the control of the control circuit and can display the video pictures on the display screen. The scene switching control circuit is an interface circuit for controlling the video playing circuit to switch videos, can be realized by controlling the output of video data, and can also be integrated with the video playing circuit. The specific content of the scene picture can be set according to the ages of different patients, namely setting the scene content which is interested by the patients and easily induces the attention of the patients. The principle of scene setting is as follows: in one output period, the information content related to the scene is preferably kept unchanged, and the information can be relatively simple, even a static picture can be used. For example, for a young child, the scene picture may be an animal, a tree, a flower, a landscape, a face, etc., and the purpose of the scene picture is that the content is simple and is easy to induce the attention of the patient, and it is not recommended to adopt a complicated and disordered scene content so as to avoid the difficulty in noticing the scene picture. However, the scenes output in the two previous and next times need to be different in content, which cannot be easily imagined, for example, the former scene picture is an animal, the next scene picture should not be an animal, and flowers or plants can be selected.

The display screen is generally a large-screen display screen. It is preferable that a plurality of (two or more) display screens are provided on the peripheral wall of the room for treatment, constituting a display curtain wall, to generate a stronger visual stimulus. More preferably, the display screen includes two or more display screens, and the video signals of the two different scene pictures before and after the video signal is output by the video playing circuit and output to the different display screens for display. This way of displaying at different positions is more advantageous for the patient's "attention" switching.

The scene change trigger circuit may be a timing trigger circuit, as shown in fig. 2, which generates a trigger signal for outputting a scene change every other timing period. The timing cycle is a cycle for continuously outputting a scene picture, and is set to be 2 to 5 seconds, depending on the condition of the person to be stimulated, so that the brain of the person to be stimulated can "notice" the scene. The timing trigger circuit is adopted, assistance of others is not needed, different scene pictures can be automatically switched according to set time, attention induction and attention switching are continuously carried out on a patient, efficiency is high, and the defect that each stimulation is difficult to guarantee to be effective is overcome.

The scene change trigger circuit may also be a manual switch, as shown in fig. 3, such as a button switch Ks, which is manually controlled to generate the signal-switching driving signal. If the stimulated person is an elderly (over 10 years old) autistic patient with light symptoms, the patient has better comprehensibility and operability, can understand the operation requirement and cooperate with the treatment, the patient can control the manual switch by himself, and the manual switch can be pressed to generate the switching of the stimulation signal again when the patient notices the switching change of the stimulation signal. For patients with minor age or severe symptoms, the operation of a special doctor is needed, after the stimulation signal is switched and output, the doctor observes the reaction of the patient, and if the new signal which is changed newly is found, the manual switch can be pressed to generate a driving signal, and the stimulation signal is switched again. The general psychologist can completely recognize and judge whether the patient performs the 'attention' switching or not through the sight line of the eyes of the patient, the eye movement reaction, the slight reaction of the head and other body actions. Or, an electroencephalogram detection device (namely, an electroencephalograph) can be provided, the electroencephalogram detection device is adopted to detect an electroencephalogram signal (namely, EEG) of the patient, and the switching of attention of the patient is judged by identifying the waveform of the electroencephalogram characteristic signal. The electroencephalogram characteristic signal can select event-related evoked potentials (ERPs) in the electroencephalogram signal, particularly N400 potentials in the electroencephalogram characteristic signal, and the waveform characteristic is that after the brain receives a new signal stimulus which is different from (has no relevance to) the previous signal stimulus, two continuous negative potentials appear before and after the continuous electroencephalogram waveform passes through a latency period. N400 belongs to primary postresponse, and the latency of normal people is generally about 270 to 400 milliseconds, so that the time of about 0.4 second is required for the normal people to carry out 'attention' switching on two different signals, and patients with autism can be delayed and need stronger and longer signal stimulation to induce the autism. When the electroencephalogram detection device detects the characteristic signal of the electroencephalogram, the fact that the brain has 'noticed' the difference of the front and back stimulation signals indicates that the brain has switched 'noticing' from the former signal to the latter signal. The doctor can directly observe this characteristic signal from brain electricity detection device's display screen, also can set up on brain electricity detection device, (present digital brain electricity detection device has the technique of carrying out digital data processing to brain electricity signal, can the wave form signal of various evoked potentials of analysis and discernment), when detecting this characteristic signal output a cue signal, for example pilot lamp or prompt tone, at this moment the doctor alright press manual switch and switch over once more, perhaps also can keep a short period of time (one to several seconds) to wait to switch over once more after it pays attention to the stability.

As an improvement, the scene switching trigger circuit may also be a detection and identification module of an electroencephalogram characteristic signal, as shown in fig. 4, including an electroencephalogram detection device and an electroencephalogram characteristic signal identification circuit, (which may also be directly set on a digitized electroencephalogram detection device to implement the function of the characteristic signal identification circuit, i.e., the two are integrated), when the characteristic signal of the electroencephalogram signal of the patient is detected, an electrical signal is output as a trigger signal for scene switching, or a time delay of a period of time (one to several seconds) may be maintained until the patient notices stabilization, and then a scene switching trigger signal is output. According to the above, the electroencephalogram characteristic signal adopts an event evoked potential, especially a signal of N400 potential. According to the scheme, an electroencephalogram detection device is directly adopted to detect an electroencephalogram signal of a patient, a characteristic signal of an N400 potential is automatically identified through a characteristic signal identification device, after scene switching is carried out once, two continuous negative potential waveforms are detected to appear after the electroencephalogram signal passes a latency period, the N400 potential is identified to appear, a trigger signal is output to a scene switching control circuit, and switching of scene pictures is controlled to be carried out again. The improvement does not need the identification and the control of a doctor, can reduce the workload of the doctor and avoid misoperation, is more convenient to use, and more importantly, the brain is already switched to be noticed as the electroencephalogram has N400 waveforms, so that the scene pictures can be switched again after the brain notices every time, and the method is accurate, reliable and high in efficiency.

In the above scheme using the electroencephalogram detection device, the electroencephalogram detection electrode of the electroencephalogram detection device, which is arranged on the head of the patient, can be made into a cap-shaped device, and between the cap-shaped device and the host for data processing, data transmission can be performed in a wireless mode, such as by using a radio frequency technology, so as to reduce psychological influence on the patient.

One embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 5. The scene switching trigger circuit comprises two modes at the same time: the manual switch Ks and the electroencephalogram characteristic signal detection and identification module can automatically trigger scene switching according to the electroencephalogram characteristic waveform of the person to be trained, and can also be manually triggered by a doctor according to the condition. The scene generating module also comprises a scene auxiliary information generating module which works synchronously with the video playing circuit and can simultaneously generate scene auxiliary information matched with the content of the scene picture played by the video playing circuit. This may include an audio playback circuit and a speaker for playing audio signals; or a generating module for generating other sense signals such as touch sense or smell sense. Such as: when the display screen plays the picture of a certain animal, the audio playing circuit plays the sound of the animal through the loudspeaker; when the display screen plays the picture of a certain flower, the smell generation module outputs the fragrance of the flower, and the like.

When the invention is used for treating the autism, the patient is in a quiet room with soft light, and the room is provided with as few other objects as possible except the output device related to the invention so as to avoid the continuous attention of other objects or interference information. The invention should be used under the supervision of a doctor, and can accompany parents of children patients. The invention relies on the plasticity of cranial nerves to produce effects, similar to the formation mechanism of memory and long-term memory, so that a plurality of times and a certain treatment period are required to produce the effects. The time of use of each time depends on the condition of the patient, generally from ten minutes to tens of minutes, and may be initially adjusted once to twice a day, with the content of the scene pictures taken each day being adjusted from time to time. The invention has better treatment effect on early stage of the infantile autism, and some patients start to display the effect after one to two months, thereby being more easy to pay attention to various external scenes and sounds, and improving conversation by once every other day until continuously improving. Some children patients may have dysphoria during the treatment process in the early treatment period, but the invention does not cause the irritability, but the patients have the rejection psychology to the treatment behavior, and the treatment behavior is transient and is easy to recover after the treatment is finished.

Accompanied by data. The following are some of the research data of "attention control mechanism of human brain thinking system" and "essence of autism", which belong to the published "essence of memory, thinking and consciousness and control mechanism of brain", and are helpful for understanding the design principle of the present invention. For more details, the essence and working process of memory, thinking, consciousness and attention can be referred to the data attached to the specification of the Chinese patent application, such as the simulation device and method of neural network, application No. 2014106066977, and the method and device for nerve stimulation to unconscious brain, application No. 2015100923406, which were previously filed by the applicant.

The signal processing and control mechanisms of the brain are the most important elements of the brain. The brain's composition and structure, the projection relationship of each nerve link, even the structure and working principle of single neuron and synapse, can be understood through anatomy, but the essence and work of memory, thinking and consciousness of the brain still can not be understood, and the main reason is that there is no systematic understanding of the working mechanism of the whole brain, especially the signal processing and controlling mechanism, and once the signal transmission and control mechanism is clarified, many problems related to the brain, even the essence and cause of some mental diseases, can be easily understood.

First, the "attention" control mechanism of human brain thinking system. The signal processing and control mechanisms of the brain are the most important elements of the brain. The brain's composition and structure, the projection relationship of each nerve link, even the structure and working principle of single neuron and synapse can be understood through anatomy, but the essence and work of memory, thinking and consciousness of the brain still can not be understood, and the main reason is that the systematic understanding of the working mechanism of the whole brain, especially the mechanism of signal processing and control, is lacked, and once the mechanism of signal transmission and control is clarified, many problems related to the brain, even the essence and cause of some mental diseases, can be easily explained.

The transmitter transmits the channel with the transmitter transmitting information. To analyze how the brain controls and switches the "attention" direction of various information, it is necessary to know the transmission path of the various information input channels first. The brain processes information including the perception process of external sensory information and information inside the body, and the external information process is mainly concerned with thinking and attention. The perception processing of the external information comprises two aspects: firstly, various external sensory information including vision, hearing, smell and the like come from various sensory organs, and different senses have different input transmission channels; the second is the intermediate information generated by the brain in the thinking process, the descending projection generated by the middle neuron from the cortex in the thinking activity, and the cortex in different areas has respective descending projection channels. For the input transmission channels of various senses, the previous researches are more, and only the more complex visual and auditory input channels are taken as examples here to analyze the correlation with thinking and attention.

The transmitter transmits the channel with the input of transmitting the visual information rather than the transmitter. Refer to the visual information neural projection architecture diagram of fig. 6. According to anatomical studies, the output of the various sensory neurons of the retina, the optic nerve, divides into two major pathways after the optic chiasm.

The first visual transmission channel has a plurality of neurons to form a larger visual bundle, visual information containing specific contents is transmitted and then projected to a primary visual cortex through transfer of an outer side knee, the visual information is converted into space position codes through time codes and frequency codes to finish primary identification of various visual information (shape, size, position, color, brightness and the like), and then projected to a combined visual cortex to finish identification of a visual object. Then, the direct visual information (specific objects, images, pictures and the like) is directly projected to the combined cortex to carry out memory, thinking and reaction activities, while the visual information related to characters is projected to the reading center of the cortex to complete the recognition of the characters, and then projected to the combined cortex to carry out language information memory and thinking activities. The combined visual cortex can also project directly to the motor cortex. The motor cortex and cerebellum (also plausible as striatum) form a motor system, which is not a thought system, can be controlled by the output of the thought system, can reflect and control muscle movement directly according to visual information without the control of the thought system, and can also perform combined learning memory and reaction processing, namely, programmed memory, to finish most of actions unconsciously performed in daily life.

The second visual transmission pathway after the visual intersection is less neuronal but actually more important, and this transmission pathway actually includes at least three aspects: the method includes projecting to a hypothalamus. The projection transmits only bright and dark information among visual information, and forms a reflex circuit by supraoptic nuclei, tubercular nuclei, papillary nuclei, and the like of the hypothalamus, and performs modulated projection to a wide area of the thalamus and cortex, and to the brainstem and spinal cord, and the like, in an ascending manner, (histaminergic neurons) to form a day-night rhythm and control sleep and arousal. And the projection is towards the front area of the top cover and then towards the brain stem net structure. This projection does not contain specific visual information, but only conveys the presence or absence and intensity of the visual information (the information intensity is conveyed by the firing frequency of the action potentials), so the applicant refers to this neural projection as a "reporting" projection. This "reporter" signal is projected on the ascending visual pathway of the brainstem network and "competes" with other "reporter" signals of different kinds of sensations (auditory, olfactory, tactile, etc.) also projected on the network, and "attracts" the attention of the midbrain network if it is able to activate the ascending visual pathway projected by the network towards the thalamus. The anterior region of the cap also has neurons projecting downward toward the eye for feedback accommodation of the crystalline lens, and the light intensity entering the eye is adjusted by pupillary reflex. And thirdly, projecting upward bulges. The superior colliculus and the primary visual cortex have the interconnection modulation of neurons, and the superior colliculus and the neurons are downward projected to the oculomotor nerve of the eye to carry out the control of the eye movement. Therefore, applicants have analyzed that the role of the superior hill is to control which part of the visual information, i.e., which location or object in the visual field, a particular "point of attention" of the vision is placed when the visual information is "attended to", and that the superior hill controls the movement of the eye, which is the location on the retina at which the focal point of the lens of the eye is projected.

Obviously, the second and third aspects are related to the thought of "attention", wherein the second aspect of projecting towards the anterior region of the cap is to draw the "attention" of the mesh structure to the visual information, and the third aspect of projecting upward dune is to which position or object of the visual field the "point of attention" is projected. It is worth mentioning that the projection of the superior colliculus to the oculomotor nerve directly controls the ocular movement of the eye without passing through the cortical motor region and the cerebellum. When dreaming, the thinking system generates nerve activity, but the output of motor nervous systems such as motor cortex, cerebellum and the like is inhibited, no body action is generated, only the eye movement nerve can be controlled by the motor system and can be directly controlled by the reticular structure and the upper mound, so the eye movement action can be generated along with the activity (dream environment) of the thinking system, and the reason of the eye movement action is also generated when dreaming is performed.

The transmitter is used as the input transmission channel of acoustic information. As shown in fig. 7. A first auditory transmission pathway (lateral thalamic conduction pathway) is relayed from the cochlea through the medial geniculate body to project toward the primary auditory cortex for the transmission of auditory information containing specific content; the second auditory transmission pathway (extrathalamic pathway) branches from the superior olivary nucleus and projects towards the brainstem network, which does not contain specific auditory content, but only transmits the presence or absence and intensity of auditory sensation, and also belongs to the "reporting" projection. This "report" signal "competes with other incoming" report "signals at the mesh structure to draw the mesh structure's" attention to the audible information. The two auditory transmission pathways are interconnected in the hypothalamus, which is also interconnected with primary auditory cortex neurons, so the applicant speculates that the function of the hypothalamus is to control which part of the auditory information, such as which location and which frequency band of sound, the main "point of attention" of the auditory is placed when the auditory information is "attended to".

Other sensory input channels such as touch, smell, etc. are similar to the visual and auditory channels and will not be described here.

There is currently no relevant study on the projection processing of intermediate information generated by the brain in conjunction with cortical interneuron activity while thinking, with a transmitter ⒊. Applicants have studied and analyzed that there are two aspects of this intermediate information in addition to projections to other intermediate neurons to continue mental activities: on one hand, the feedback projection is carried out on the joint sensory area of the cortex, so that intermediate information generated in the thinking activity is sensed again (and is memorized and integrated in some cases), and the self-sensing of the brain to the thinking activity, namely 'consciousness' is formed; on the other hand, downlink projection is more or less convergent projection, i.e. the activity of a plurality of interneurons on the cortex jointly excite one downlink neuron, and should be group-specific, i.e. different groups of the cortex have respective projection paths, (such groups are not limited to anatomically defined cortical partitions, but rather are plastically formed by the long-term activity of the neurons, so that the groups are more suitable). As a result of the collective projection, such a projection signal does not contain specific information of the neuron activity, but only conveys whether the neurons of the corresponding group are active and how active they are (by how fast the action potential firing frequency is). These descending individual projection paths, after relaying, enter the brainstem mesh, becoming "reporting" projections, which "compete" with other reporting signals to draw the mesh "attention" to the grouped neuronal activity. The significance of this downward path of the cortex to the mesh is that this "attention" can maintain the mesh and thalamus continuing to pulse the cortex of the site in synchrony to continue to maintain the mental activity of the packet as it proceeds.

Control, maintenance, and switching with driving traffic "attention". The "attention" directed control and switching in mental activities is the generation and switching of brainstem networks (especially the mesencephalon networks) which control the neuronal activity in other areas such as the thalamus and cortex. The switching pointed to by the thinking system "attention" is done on two levels: the brainstem network structure is responsible for directing 'attention' to which information channel is switched, namely which type of information is 'noticed'; the thalamus is responsible for directing "attention" to which specific location in the information channel, i.e. to which part of the information of this kind; the cortex, especially telencephalon combined cortex, is specifically processed under the control of attention.

The transmitter driver network structure is used for directing control over 'attention'. Fig. 8 is a schematic neural projection diagram of the brain's control mechanism for a variety of information. The neuronal activities of a plurality of information channels, including external input information channels such as vision, hearing and smell and cortical thinking channels, all have nerve outputs integrated by aggregation (many pairs and few pairs) to be projected to a brain stem network structure (inner region), and the projection channels only transmit the existence and the intensity of information stimulation (the intensity is transmitted by action potential distribution frequency), do not contain specific information content, and belong to projection in a 'report' mode. The brainstem network structure is provided with a plurality of parallel ascending excitation paths which project towards the thalamus, the 'report' type projections from all information channels are correspondingly received, the parallel ascending excitation paths mutually project and mutually inhibit, and a phenomenon similar to 'competition' occurs: when a certain group of neurons are excited and activated at a certain moment and pulse upwards to the thalamus, the output of the neurons inhibits the neurons of other channels, so that the neurons of other channels can not activate the output in the same pulse period, and a unique 'attention' direction on the level of a reticular structure is formed.

As to which group of neurons can be activated and emit a synchronization pulse upstream in a pulse cycle, it depends on the joint integration of several signals: the method comprises the steps of firstly, projecting a signal in a report mode from each information input channel, wherein the signal is main and the strength of the signal plays a decisive role; the reciprocal impulse delivery from the thalamic reticular nuclei downlrojection, (the reciprocal delivery for maintaining the oscillatory loop continues, thus forming each impulse cycle); modulation of other neural activity from the brainstem and hypothalamus, (used to modulate the oscillatory rhythm of the entire oscillatory loop); fourth, inhibitory modulation from other neurons of the net structure (for "competition"); these signals are excited and integrated together, so that in a pulse period of the 'brainstem reticular structure-thalamus' oscillation loop, excitation and integration of a certain group of neurons always trigger action potentials to be activated, namely, the 'report' competition is successfully responded to attract 'attention', and then the activation output of the neurons immediately inhibits the neurons of other channels so that the neurons can not activate and output any more. Thereafter, the integration and competition process described above is again performed during the pulse cycle of the next pulse delivered downstream of the thalamic reticular nucleus. The method is repeated in cycles, so that in each pulse period, the 'report' competition of the mesh structure with only one information channel is successful to draw 'attention', the mesh structure goes upwards to the thalamus board kernel to perform excitation pulse distribution, synchronous pulses required by information processing are projected to the information channel, and the control of 'attention' pointing to 'information of which type' of thinking activity is realized.

The component is divided into the thalamus to "notice" directional control. The main functions of the thalamus are relaying, including information relaying and synchronization pulse relaying. The specific relay nucleus group is responsible for information relay, mainly comprises an outer nucleus group, an abdominal nucleus group and a geniculate nucleus group, and is used for relaying and primarily processing information input with various senses (vision, auditory sense and the like); there are also the ventral anterior nucleus and the ventral lateral nucleus, which are used to convey intermediate information of the locomotor system. And what is responsible for the relaying of the synchronization pulses is the so-called "nonspecific nuclei". The delivery of the synchronization pulses is actually a matter of special projection, but rather of specificity of the delivery of the synchronization pulses and not of the information content. The relay nucleus group of the synchronous pulse receives the synchronous pulse issued by the upward projection of the reticular structure, (cholinergic nerve projection), the output of the relay nucleus group firstly sends out lateral branches to project to the reticular nucleus, and then projects the lateral branches downwards to return to the brain stem reticular structure to form a closed-loop oscillation loop; on the other hand, the output of these relay nuclei also synchronously pulse a plurality of areas such as cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, limbic system and cerebellum, and cooperatively control neurons in these areas to perform information processing such as thinking and exercise.

According to the analysis of the existing anatomical data, in the thalamus, the relay nuclei related to the synchronous pulse control mainly include the anterior thalamic nucleus group, a part of the medial nucleus group and the intralamellar nucleus group. Wherein, the anterior nucleus group and the inner nucleus group receive the synchronous pulse distribution of the brain stem-foot bridge covered reticular nucleus and the outer dorsal nucleus, the output of the synchronous pulse is projected to part of cerebral cortex and the cortex of the limbic system (especially the hippocampus and amygdala), and the synchronous pulse is mainly used for controlling the memory and the integration of the intermediate information of the thinking system and the emotional system; the plate kernel receives the synchronous pulse of the mesencephalon reticular structure, the output of the plate kernel is projected to a wide area of the telencephalon basal nucleus, the striatum and the telencephalon cortex, and the plate kernel is used for cooperatively controlling the information processing of the thinking system, namely thinking activity, and can be controlled by the thinking system to be the movement processing of the motor cortex. Wherein the thalamic plate kernel is mainly involved in the attention control pathway of the thinking system: when a neuron of an information uplink projection channel of a brain reticular structure is activated and synchronous pulses are issued to the neuron at the position corresponding to the plate kernel, the part of the neuron of the plate kernel is activated by the issuance of the uplink synchronous pulses, and the axon output of the neuron is in an uplink manner in a divergent projection manner to issue the synchronous pulses to the neuron corresponding to the cortex, so that the part of the neuron which is projected and issued can obtain the cooperative excitation of the synchronous pulses to form excitation integration and perform chain activation, namely thinking activity. The thalamus reticular nucleus receives lateral branch projection of the inner core of the board and feedback projection of cortical thinking channel interneuron, and then descends to the mesencephalon reticular structure for feedback projection.

Therefore, the mesencephalon reticular structure, the thalamic board kernel and the thalamic reticular kernel form an attention control loop of the thinking system, receive signals projected in a report mode of each information channel, synchronously excite and pulse and send out to part of neurons of the information channel of the thinking system, and control the activity of the part of neurons so as to carry out attention control. The signal projection for each channel is shown in fig. 9, and the specific neuron projection is shown in fig. 10. The ascending emittance of the mesencephalon network structure determines which group of neurons of the thalamic plate kernel can activate the output, and the activation output of the group of neurons of the thalamic plate kernel determines which part of neurons of the cortex can perform information processing. The brain network structure is responsible for switching the attention to which information channel, namely the attention to which information; the thalamus is responsible for directing "attention" to which part of the neurons in the information channel, i.e., "attention" to which part of the information; the brain associates with the cortex to take charge of specific information processing (thinking and memory), and senses itself through the sensory cortex, i.e., to generate self "consciousness". For example, the mesencephalon network control directs "attention" to visual information, the thalamus control "pays attention" to which object in the visual picture, and the joint cortex is responsible for recognizing this object and at the same time "appreciating" the presence of this object by perceiving the activity of the joint cortex through the sensory cortex.

The driving force may be maintained "in focus" with respect to ⒊. When a thinking process is in progress, the cortical neuron activity of the thinking channel is in an excited state, and the activation actions of the neurons, in addition to continuing to shoot forward for chain activation, also generate two downward projection signals simultaneously through convergent projection: the first downlink signal is fed back and distributed to the thalamic board kernel, the board kernel continuously distributes the next synchronous pulse to the channel through excitation and integration so as to maintain the neuron of the channel to be continuously activated, and the first downlink signal also simultaneously sends lateral branches to be projected to the thalamic reticular kernel to promote the oscillation loop to be continuously carried out; the second downlink signal is a "reporting" projection to the mesencephalon network, which maintains the continued "attention" of the mesencephalon network to the channel by competition. The two downlink projection signals jointly maintain the attention direction of the thinking control loop to the channel, and the activation of the neuron of the channel in the mesencephalon reticular structure also inhibits the neurons of other information channels and inhibits the activation of the neurons of other channels, which is the working mechanism of attention maintenance of thinking activity.

The switch may be performed with a driver ⒋ "notice". The "attention" is directed to the occurrence of a handover, presumably in the following cases.

Content of a thought activity changes. In the thinking process, the information content of the original thinking is associated or converted into information of other aspects, namely the neuron activity of the original thinking path is reflected to neurons of other groups due to integration to cause excitation and activation of the part of neurons, and the activation of the part of neurons generates two paths of downlink projection signals according to the same mechanism, on one hand, the downlink projection signals are fed back and projected to the thalamus plate kernel, so that the plate kernel sends the next synchronous pulse to the part of neurons, and the part of neurons can continue to move; on the other hand, the 'report' projection is carried out on the mesencephalon reticular structure, and if the part of neurons do not belong to the same thought channel as the original thought channel, the 'attention' of the mesencephalon reticular structure to the new channel is attracted. So far, the thinking 'attention' is pointed to, and active switching is carried out between different ideas.

And competition of external input information. In thinking, if there is an input of external information, (see what, hear what, feel what, etc.), the input channel will "report" to the mesencephalon network through non-specific transmission, and see the signal strength if it can get "noticed". If the input information is sufficiently strong, (e.g., seeing something fresh, hearing a particular voice, being accidentally touched, etc.), this is reflected in the action potential firing frequency of its "report" signal, so that the information channel neurons can integrate more quickly and trigger activation, fire a synchronization pulse up the thalamus, and in turn suppress the previous "attention" channel, i.e., "compete" successfully and get the "attention" of the mesencephalic network to the information input. Thus far, the thought "attention" is directed to switching to the processing of the external input information.

And influence of other modulation paths. In thinking, the influence of modulation signals of other modulation channels, such as the state of motor nervous system, emotional influence of emotional system, sudden change of internal organs and endocrine system, the action of drugs and other chemical substances, etc., can affect the neuron activity of each information channel, thereby affecting the 'attention' control of the mesencephalon reticular structure on various information channels and causing the switching of 'attention' direction.

And fourthly, the operation of the 'attention' control path is abnormal, and abnormal 'attention' switching is caused. The number of neurons that "attentively" control the relevant neural pathways and the number and physiological performance of synapses between neurons may vary slightly among different people, resulting in different performance in "attentive" control among different people, and thus different cognitive preferences and different characters. For example, "pay attention" refers to a person with strong ability to maintain, and can concentrate and work on handling something; the attention of the people with strong switching ability is good at looking before and after, and various things are comprehensively considered.

But if the difference exceeds a certain level, it may cause an abnormality in mental activities. For example, in the case that the inhibition effect of mutual inhibition between the information uplink projection paths of the mesencephalon mesh structure is insufficient, in the process of information processing, if effective inhibition on other information paths cannot be maintained at this time during the successful "attention" of a certain information path, the other information paths are likely to be accidentally activated to cause "attention", and at this time, the mesencephalon mesh structure cannot continuously maintain "attention" on a certain information path, but performs abnormal frequent switching in different information paths. This is manifested by difficulty in and short duration of attention, and the brain is not able to attend to something, i.e. "attention deficit" (ADD). If the inhibition is too strong, the inhibition will cause that once a certain thinking activity is entered, other information channels are inhibited too strongly, which results in that the 'attention' direction can not be switched normally, and the symptom is autism. (see later "nature of autism").

As summarized above with driver ⒌, the thought control loop controls, maintains, and switches the "attention" direction of the thought system. The brain network is responsible for directing the "attention" of information processing to "which kind of" information: the synchronization pulse sent back and forth between the "midbrain mesh ← → thalamus" is compared and integrated with the input signal strength of various external information and intermediate information, so that the partition and grouping position of the ascending excitation pulse of the mesh sent to the thalamus plate kernel are changed to select and turn to the "which kind" of information channel (for example, the channel of the intermediate information pointing to vision, hearing, touch, etc., or the cortex undergoing thinking). While the thalamus is responsible for directing the "attention" of the information processing to "which part" in the same type of information channel: when a group of neurons in a certain partition of the thalamus are excited by the pulse emitted upwards from the reticular structure, the neurons are activated and emit synchronous excitation pulses to the part of neurons projected on the cortex, and the part of neurons on the cortex is enabled to perform chain activation, namely thinking activity, through excitement integration, so that the attention of the thinking activity is controlled to the information corresponding to the part of neurons, (for example, the attention of a person in visual information, the attention of a sound in a plurality of sounds, and the attention of the content of the aspect in the thinking activity). While the cortex is responsible for specific information processing: the interneurons corresponding to the information elements on the combined cortex are activated sequentially one by one or in groups step by step under the stimulation of sending synchronous pulses of the thalamus to form chain activation, so that the functions of identifying, thinking, reacting and memorizing information by the brain are realized (for example, who the person is, what the sound says, what the problem is, and the like); and simultaneously project to the sensory cortex, through which the combined cortical activity is perceived, forming a self-perception of mental activity, i.e., "awareness" (e.g., recognizing the presence of that person, recognizing that sound, recognizing what thinking "i" is doing, etc.).

The switching speed and electroencephalogram 'N400' as drive component ⒍'s attention'. For normal thinking activity, thinking can proceed at a faster rate because of chain activation between related neurons in the joint cortex, relying on the activation of synchronized pulses delivered by the thalamus to the cortex, and with enhanced modulation (in excitatory or tonic thinking), the speed of chain activation of thinking can reach more than a dozen steps per second, i.e., each step takes less than a hundred milliseconds. However, for the switching of the "attention" direction, whether the switching is performed between different unrelated sensory information from the outside, or between different unrelated thinking contents from the thinking process, or between different internal and external information, a certain information needs to get new "attention", the neurons of the information channel are required to be activated and released first, then the information is projected to the mesencephalon reticular structure for "reporting", then the mesencephalon reticular structure is excited and integrated and competes with the previous "attention" channel, the ascending nerves of the channel of the mesencephalon reticular structure are projected and released to the thalamus plate kernel after the competition succeeds, and the plate kernel is synchronously pulsed and released to the neurons related to the information on the cortex, so that the perception or thinking related to the information can be generated, and the "attention" is attracted ". Therefore, the speed of the "note" switch is relatively slow, which takes on the order of hundreds of milliseconds.

The change and delay of mental system nerve activity caused by brain 'attention' switching between different information without relevance is just the generation reason of event evoked potential 'N400' in brain electrical study: when a sentence is read silently and the sentence end is a word without relevance of semantics, or when two totally unrelated pictures are presented, the brain switches attention between two different information which cannot be imagined, namely without relevance, so that delay and change of synchronous pulse distribution of a thinking control loop are triggered, and an electroencephalogram evoked potential N400 phenomenon is generated. Since the "attention" direction of the thinking system occurs in the links of information input, recognition and intermediate processing, regardless of the movement output, the "N400" of the Wernicke aphasia, i.e., the sensory aphasia patient, is not generated, while the "N400" of the Broca aphasia, i.e., the motor aphasia patient, can be generated.

Second, the nature of autism. Autism is also caused by abnormal work of an attention control mechanism of a brain thinking system, but contrary to attention deficiency, autism is not 'attention' and cannot be maintained, and autism is that the 'attention' direction of the brain thinking system cannot be switched normally between information channels, and is abnormally and excessively concentrated and maintained on certain nerve channels for processing internal intermediate information, so that the 'attention' to other nerve channels, particularly to external information input channels such as vision, hearing, touch and the like, is relatively inhibited, a patient can sense external information, but cannot easily get 'attention', and the external information cannot be normally processed by the thinking system. Since the patient can sense external information, the patient can perform intrinsic actions such as daily activities such as walking and danger avoidance (namely, actions controlled by the thinking system) without hallucinations, but various external input information (vision, hearing, touch and the like) cannot easily cause the attention of the 'attention' control path of the network structure of the midbrain, and cannot easily obtain the processing of the thinking system (namely lack of sending excitation of synchronous pulses). Therefore, the patient is not easy to "pay attention" to various external input information including external events, conversation contents of others, and the like, and the reaction is weak or even sluggish, and the patient is abnormally concentrated on "paying attention" to certain thinking activities of the patient. Moreover, since the process of language communication often requires random and frequent switching between different information contents, and the thinking system of the patient has difficulty in performing normal "attention" switching, the patient has difficulty and obstacle in language communication with other people, and the communication can be avoided due to difficulty after a long time. However, because the 'attention' to external information is weak, the patient cannot easily 'pay attention' to the weak detailed information of the expression, the sight, the tone, the emotion and the like of other people, and cannot 'pay attention' to the emotional expression of the patient and the reaction of the expression to other people, so that the patient cannot form normal perception and reaction to the emotion and the expression of the patient and other people, and the patient lacks normal emotional expression and emotional communication after long-term use. That is, these symptoms of language communication disorder and emotional deficits in autism are due to the inability to switch normally as a result of the "attention" direction of its thought system. According to different degrees of 'attention' switching abnormality, the autism can have various expressions with different degrees, and in severe cases, patients can point 'attention' to the neural activity which is maintained on some intermediate information for a long time and ignore various external information completely, so that language communication is degraded and even finally lost, even the inhibition of own behavior is lost due to the loss of 'attention' to other things, and impulsive or aggressive behaviors are generated.

From the control mechanism pointed to by brain "attention" (see the contents of the previous "input delivery channel of 1.1 information" and "control, maintenance and switching" part of 1.2 attention "). This anomaly of "attention" switching may be: firstly, a projection signal from an external input channel to a mesobrain mesh structure is too weak to cause attention; secondly, the cortical thinking channel projects too strong signals downwards to the midbrain reticular structure, so that the attention direction of the midbrain reticular structure for controlling the passage is more and more strongly triggered; and the mutual inhibition effect between the ascending channels of the mesencephalon reticular structure is too strong, or the self-inhibition effect of each channel is too weak, so that once a certain channel is paid attention to and a working channel is established, the work of other channels is inhibited abnormally and strongly. From the performance of autism, it seems to be the first one that patients are not readily noticeable to external information, but applicants prefer to infer the main or the last two, especially the third, for reasons including: the technical scheme includes that if projection information of an external input channel is too weak, only a certain specific information channel (one of visual, auditory, tactile and the like) is too weak, and not all external input information is not easy to 'pay attention'; the patient can not pay attention to the external information, the normal switching is difficult to carry out, and the patient can sometimes concentrate on some external information for a long time, for example, one object is played for a long time or the patient concentrates on doing a certain event for a long time, so that the autism is more main or the abnormal switching is paid attention to. Thirdly, other researches find that some patients with autism are sensitive to certain sounds, often feel loud, but have obstacles to conversation, which means that the patients can not sense the auditory sense insufficiently, but can sense but cannot 'pay attention', and cannot normally process the sound information, but only take the sound information as noise, (the vision can be avoided by 'not seeing', but the hearing cannot be avoided by 'not hearing'). Therefore, it is indicated that autism is caused by too strong downward projection signal of the combined cortical thinking channel to the mesencephalon reticular structure or too strong mutual inhibition between the ascending channels of the mesencephalon reticular structure, so that the attention of the mesencephalon reticular structure is excessively maintained in some thinking channels, and normal attention switching is difficult. Moreover, since there are a plurality of different groups and different channels in the mental channels of the brain, each mental channel projects to the mesencephalon reticular structure through a respective descending projection channel, and autism should be only strong in projection of some channels, the thought content focused by the patient with autism is one-sidedly, and may cause the mental capacity of some aspects to be too weak, and the thinking ability of the aspect to be too strong may be caused by long-term information processing on the channels, so that the abnormality may be a day-to-day one.

The etiology underlying this "attention" is probably largely hereditary, i.e., structural dysplasia in which the brain forms neural pathways as the infant grows. Other factors may be due to abnormalities in certain neurotransmitters or modulators, or modulation from the brainstem modulatory nuclei, resulting in either too strong downlead signaling, or too strong mutual inhibition, or insufficient self-inhibition of local microcircuits; even because the down-projection channels of the cortex belong to amino acid-functional nerves, whose signaling is flexible, it is not excluded that certain "attention" abnormalities are acquired. The common phenomenon of intermodulation in each nerve channel of the brain causes the autism, and inevitably influences other nerve activities, so that other cerebral dysfunction of some patients occurs, and the autism is more complicated. In treating autism, it is recognized that its characteristic symptoms, such as dysesthesia, dysconverse, and lack of emotion, are actually the only long-term consequences of switching abnormalities that are directed by the "attention" of its thought system, and the treatment needs to be more effective in its nature.

Claims (3)

1. A video training system for treating autism comprises a scene generation module, a video display module and a video training module, wherein the scene generation module comprises a video playing circuit and a display screen and can play scene pictures with set contents; it is characterized in that the utility model also has: the scene switching trigger circuit is used for generating a scene switching trigger signal, and the output of the scene switching trigger signal is connected to the scene switching control circuit; a scene switching control circuit, the output of which is connected to the scene generation module and is used for controlling the work of the scene generation module; when a trigger signal of the scene switching trigger circuit is obtained, the scene switching control circuit controls the scene generation module to switch scene pictures and outputs the scene pictures with different front and rear contents;

the scene switching trigger circuit is an electroencephalogram characteristic signal detection and identification module, and outputs a trigger signal when detecting that an electroencephalogram characteristic signal appears in an electroencephalogram signal of a patient; the electroencephalogram characteristic signal adopts a characteristic signal of N400 potential in an electroencephalogram event evoked potential;

the display screen is arranged on the peripheral wall of the room, and more than two display screens are arranged to form a display curtain wall; the video signals of different scene pictures before and after the video playing circuit outputs are output to different display screens for displaying.

2. The video training system for treating autism of claim 1, wherein: the detection and identification module of the electroencephalogram characteristic signal comprises an electroencephalogram detection device and an electroencephalogram characteristic signal identification circuit; the electroencephalogram detection device is arranged on the electroencephalogram detection electrode part of the head of a patient and is in data transmission with a host for data processing in a wireless mode.

3. The video training system for treating autism of claim 1, wherein: the scene generation module can also comprise a scene auxiliary information generation module which works synchronously with the video playing circuit and can simultaneously generate scene auxiliary information matched with the content of the scene picture played by the video playing circuit.

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