CN108988884A - High bandwidth Larger Dynamic range equivalent sampling receiver - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种高带宽大动态范围等效采样接收机，包括：开关模块，用于控制射频信号是否能够进入所述等效采样接收机；增益模块，位于开关模块的下游；采样模块，用于对通过增益模块后的射频信号进行采样，输出采样信号；以及信号处理模块，用于对采样信号进行后处理，其特征在于，增益模块包括：时变增益模块，用于在时变增益值的设置下，对通过开关之后的射频信号进行变增益控制，以实现动态增益调整；和固定增益模块，位于时变增益模块的下游，用于对射频信号进行固定增益放大。本发明能够在确保高带宽的前提下，增大了等效采样接收机的动态范围。
A high bandwidth and large dynamic range equivalent sampling receiver, comprising: a switch module, used to control whether radio frequency signals can enter the equivalent sampling receiver; a gain module, located downstream of the switch module; a sampling module, used to The radio frequency signal behind the gain module is sampled, and the sampled signal is output; and the signal processing module is used to post-process the sampled signal, and it is characterized in that the gain module includes: a time-varying gain module, which is used for setting the time-varying gain value , to control the variable gain of the radio frequency signal after passing through the switch, so as to realize dynamic gain adjustment; and a fixed gain module, located downstream of the time-varying gain module, for performing fixed gain amplification on the radio frequency signal. The present invention can increase the dynamic range of the equivalent sampling receiver under the premise of ensuring high bandwidth.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及雷达接收技术领域，具体地，涉及一种用于雷达的等效采样接收机。The invention relates to the technical field of radar reception, in particular to an equivalent sampling receiver for radar.
背景技术Background technique
超宽带技术是一种能够具有良好分辨率和穿透深度的雷达探测技术，可对隐藏地下目标或墙体后方运动目标等进行非入侵式探测并成像。一般无载频脉冲的探地雷达系统均在时域上实现，其接收机典型设计方法是采用采样门结构电路、时域取样步进脉冲电路及采样后调理电路来实现从射频信号到音频信号的转换，从而降低对模数转换器的要求和接收机没计难度。这类接收机都是采用等效采样的方法实现的，其缺点是采样门的动态范围难以提升，而且带宽实现也不易达到很高。UWB technology is a radar detection technology with good resolution and penetration depth, which can be used for non-invasive detection and imaging of hidden underground targets or moving targets behind walls. Generally, the ground penetrating radar system without carrier frequency pulse is realized in the time domain. The typical design method of the receiver is to use the sampling gate structure circuit, the time domain sampling stepping pulse circuit and the post-sampling conditioning circuit to realize the conversion from the radio frequency signal to the audio signal. The conversion, thereby reducing the requirements for the analog-to-digital converter and the difficulty of the receiver. This kind of receiver is realized by the method of equivalent sampling, and its disadvantage is that it is difficult to improve the dynamic range of the sampling gate, and it is not easy to achieve high bandwidth.
为扩大动态范围，当前的等效采样接收机都是将时变放大或程控放大放置在音频信号之后，即经过采样门之后的位置做一级甚至两级时变增益放大，这样的设计虽然能起到一定动态范围提升，但最终受约束于采样门自身的动态范围；而采样门在超宽带条件下的动态范围基本上不会超过60dB，这种典型设计方式无法满足达到更高的动态范围，获得更多深层回波信息的需求。同时，采用典型的采样门设计的超宽带雷达接收机的动态范围不高，影响该类接收机实现深层探测的效果，尤其是应用于超深探测时。此外，在深空探测应用时，雷达天线不能贴近地面(如天线安装在巡视器车体上、探测器平台上)，加剧发射信号的衰减以及直达波耦合，导致接收机性能进一步受影响。In order to expand the dynamic range, the current equivalent sampling receivers place time-varying amplification or program-controlled amplification after the audio signal, that is, do one-stage or even two-stage time-varying gain amplification at the position after the sampling gate. Although such a design can It can improve the dynamic range to a certain extent, but it is ultimately limited by the dynamic range of the sampling gate itself; while the dynamic range of the sampling gate under ultra-wideband conditions basically does not exceed 60dB, this typical design method cannot meet the requirements of achieving a higher dynamic range , to obtain more deep echo information. At the same time, the dynamic range of UWB radar receivers designed with typical sampling gates is not high, which affects the effect of deep detection of this type of receiver, especially when it is applied to ultra-deep detection. In addition, in the application of deep space exploration, the radar antenna cannot be close to the ground (for example, the antenna is installed on the patrol car body or the detector platform), which will increase the attenuation of the transmitted signal and the coupling of the direct wave, which will further affect the performance of the receiver.
现有技术中的一些等效采样示波器中，也考虑采用前置放大和衰减器来控制信号，提升动态范围，从而避开采样门这级带来的限制，但该方法只是仅仅从信号调理的角度来设置，满足异步测量，系统不需要同步。对于超宽带雷达来说不能采用该设置方式，上述方式不能同步地避开直达波影响、不能保证随采样时间点向后推移后，回波信号能够同步地随步进时钟经过采样门被可靠采样。In some equivalent sampling oscilloscopes in the prior art, it is also considered to use preamplifier and attenuator to control the signal and improve the dynamic range, thereby avoiding the limitation brought by the sampling gate level, but this method is only from the perspective of signal conditioning The angle is set to meet the asynchronous measurement, and the system does not need to be synchronized. This setting method cannot be used for ultra-wideband radar. The above method cannot avoid the influence of the direct wave synchronously, and cannot guarantee that the echo signal can be reliably sampled synchronously with the stepping clock through the sampling gate after the sampling time point is moved backward. .
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有的采用等效采样方法实现的接收器存在的上述问题，本发明提出了一种高带宽大动态范围等效采样接收机，其包括：Aiming at the above-mentioned problems existing in the receivers realized by the equivalent sampling method, the present invention proposes an equivalent sampling receiver with high bandwidth and large dynamic range, which includes:
开关模块，用于控制射频信号是否能够进入所述等效采样接收机；A switch module, used to control whether the radio frequency signal can enter the equivalent sampling receiver;
增益模块，位于所述开关模块的下游；a gain block located downstream of the switch block;
采样模块，用于对通过所述增益模块后的射频信号进行采样，输出采样信号；以及a sampling module, configured to sample the radio frequency signal after passing through the gain module, and output the sampling signal; and
信号处理模块，用于对所述采样信号进行后处理，a signal processing module, configured to post-process the sampled signal,
其特征在于，所述增益模块包括：It is characterized in that the gain module includes:
时变增益模块，用于在时变增益值的设置下，对通过开关之后的射频信号进行变增益控制，以实现动态增益调整；以及The time-varying gain module is used to control the variable gain of the radio frequency signal after passing through the switch under the setting of the time-varying gain value, so as to realize dynamic gain adjustment; and
固定增益模块，位于所述时变增益模块的下游，用于对所述射频信号进行固定增益放大。A fixed gain module, located downstream of the time-varying gain module, is used to amplify the radio frequency signal with a fixed gain.
在一些实施例中，所述开关模块包括：In some embodiments, the switch module includes:
开关控制电路，用于接收步进时钟脉冲，产生波门宽度信号；以及a switch control circuit for receiving stepping clock pulses and generating a gate width signal; and
开关，由所述波门宽度信号来控制所述开关的断开与闭合。A switch, the opening and closing of the switch is controlled by the gate width signal.
在一些实施例中，所述采样模块包括：In some embodiments, the sampling module includes:
采样脉冲形成电路，用于接收步进时钟脉冲，产生采样脉冲；和a sampling pulse forming circuit for receiving a stepping clock pulse and generating a sampling pulse; and
采样门，位于所述固定增益模块的下游，所述采样门在所述采样脉冲的作用下完成所述射频信号的采样。A sampling gate is located downstream of the fixed gain module, and the sampling gate completes the sampling of the radio frequency signal under the action of the sampling pulse.
在一些实施例中，所述信号处理模块包括位于所述采样门的下游的信号调理电路，所述信号调理电路用于对采样信号进行匹配阻抗和放大处理。In some embodiments, the signal processing module includes a signal conditioning circuit located downstream of the sampling gate, and the signal conditioning circuit is used to perform impedance matching and amplification processing on the sampling signal.
在一些实施例中，所述信号处理模块还包括：In some embodiments, the signal processing module also includes:
时序形成电路，用于接收步进时钟脉冲，产生两路时序信号；A timing forming circuit is used to receive the stepping clock pulse and generate two timing signals;
第一采样保持电路，位于所述信号调理电路的下游；以及a first sample-and-hold circuit located downstream of the signal conditioning circuit; and
第二采样保持电路，位于所述第一采样保持电路的下游，a second sample-and-hold circuit located downstream of the first sample-and-hold circuit,
所述第一采样保持电路和第二采样保持电路分别在所述两路时序信号的控制下对所述信号调理电路输出的信号进行采样保持跟踪。The first sample and hold circuit and the second sample and hold circuit respectively perform sample and hold tracking on the signal output by the signal conditioning circuit under the control of the two timing signals.
在一些实施例中，所述两路时序信号分别为第一采样保持信号和第二采样保持信号；In some embodiments, the two timing signals are respectively a first sample and hold signal and a second sample and hold signal;
当产生所述采样脉冲时，所述第一采样保持电路在所述第一采样保持信号的控制下进入保持状态；所述第二采样保持电路在所述第二采样保持信号的控制下进入采样状态。When the sampling pulse is generated, the first sampling and holding circuit enters the holding state under the control of the first sampling and holding signal; the second sampling and holding circuit enters the sampling and holding state under the control of the second sampling and holding signal state.
基于上述技术方案可知，本发明至少取得了以下有益效果：Based on the above technical solution, it can be seen that the present invention at least achieves the following beneficial effects:
相对于现有的采用等效采样方法实现的接收机，本发明提出的等效采样接收机，实现了在确保高带宽的前提下，增大了接收机的动态范围。Compared with the existing receiver realized by the equivalent sampling method, the equivalent sampling receiver proposed by the present invention realizes that the dynamic range of the receiver is increased under the premise of ensuring high bandwidth.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明实施例的高带宽大动态范围等效采样接收机的结构框图；Fig. 1 is the structural block diagram of the equivalent sampling receiver of high bandwidth and large dynamic range of the embodiment of the present invention;
图2为图1中的等效采样接收机工作时的时序关系图；Fig. 2 is the sequence relationship diagram when the equivalent sampling receiver in Fig. 1 works;
图3为对本发明实施例的高带宽大动态范围等效采样接收机进行动态范围及带宽测试的示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of testing the dynamic range and bandwidth of the equivalent sampling receiver with high bandwidth and large dynamic range according to the embodiment of the present invention;
图4为对图3中的微波信号源进行校准的示意图；Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of calibrating the microwave signal source in Fig. 3;
图5为本发明实施例的等效采样接收机的带宽测试结果图。FIG. 5 is a diagram of bandwidth test results of an equivalent sampling receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
除非另外定义，本发明使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本发明所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the usual meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.
本发明的实施例提出了一种高带宽大动态范围等效采样接收机，其包括开关模块、增益模块、采样模块和信号处理模块，可被用作雷达接收机。其中，开关模块用于控制射频信号是否能够进入接收机；采样模块用于对通过增益模块后的射频信号进行采样，输出采样信号，信号处理模块用于对采样信号进行后处理。Embodiments of the present invention provide an equivalent sampling receiver with high bandwidth and large dynamic range, which includes a switch module, a gain module, a sampling module and a signal processing module, and can be used as a radar receiver. Among them, the switch module is used to control whether the radio frequency signal can enter the receiver; the sampling module is used to sample the radio frequency signal after passing through the gain module, and output the sampled signal, and the signal processing module is used to post-process the sampled signal.
参照图1，为本发明实施例的等效采样接收机的结构框图。增益模块位于开关模块的下游，增益模块可分为时变增益模块3和固定增益模块4。其中时变增益模块3用于在时变增益值D的设置下，对通过开关之后的射频信号进行变增益控制，以实现动态增益调整。固定增益模块4位于时变增益模块3的下游，用于对射频信号进行固定增益放大。Referring to FIG. 1 , it is a structural block diagram of an equivalent sampling receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention. The gain module is located downstream of the switch module, and the gain module can be divided into a time-varying gain module 3 and a fixed gain module 4 . The time-varying gain module 3 is used to control the variable gain of the radio frequency signal after passing through the switch under the setting of the time-varying gain value D, so as to realize dynamic gain adjustment. The fixed gain module 4 is located downstream of the time-varying gain module 3 and is used for amplifying the radio frequency signal with a fixed gain.
根据一些实施例，开关模块包括开关控制电路2和开关1。其中开关控制电路2用于接收步进时钟脉冲，产生波门宽度信号。由该波门宽度信号来控制开关1的断开与闭合。本实施例中，开关1作为等效采样接收机前端开关，在波门宽度信号的控制下来保证回波信号是否能进入等效采样接收机，且阻隔直达波信号；当步进时钟脉冲的上升沿到来时，开关控制电路2形成波门宽度信号，以控制开关1。According to some embodiments, the switch module includes a switch control circuit 2 and a switch 1 . The switch control circuit 2 is used to receive the stepping clock pulse and generate the wave gate width signal. The opening and closing of the switch 1 is controlled by the gate width signal. In this embodiment, switch 1 is used as the front-end switch of the equivalent sampling receiver to ensure whether the echo signal can enter the equivalent sampling receiver under the control of the gate width signal, and to block the direct wave signal; When the edge comes, the switch control circuit 2 forms a gate width signal to control the switch 1 .
根据一些实施例，采样模块包括：采样脉冲形成电路6和采样门5。采样脉冲形成电路6用于接收步进时钟脉冲，产生采样脉冲；采样门5位于固定增益模块4的下游，采样门5在采样脉冲的作用下完成射频信号的采样。例如，采样脉冲形成电路6将步进时钟脉冲进行整形、加速，产生皮秒量级的采样脉冲，用以开启采样门5。According to some embodiments, the sampling module includes: a sampling pulse forming circuit 6 and a sampling gate 5 . The sampling pulse forming circuit 6 is used to receive the step clock pulse and generate the sampling pulse; the sampling gate 5 is located downstream of the fixed gain module 4, and the sampling gate 5 completes the sampling of the radio frequency signal under the action of the sampling pulse. For example, the sampling pulse forming circuit 6 shapes and accelerates the stepping clock pulse to generate a picosecond-level sampling pulse, which is used to open the sampling gate 5 .
本发明的实施例中，采样门5和开关1都由步进延迟脉冲产生的信号来同步控制；通过在等效采样接收机的采样门5的前端设置同步控制的开关1以及时变增益电路3和固定增益电路4，在确保了带宽满足要求前提下，提升了接收机的动态范围；这种设计方法具有实时性高、动态范围提升大、使用资源少等优点。In an embodiment of the present invention, the sampling gate 5 and the switch 1 are synchronously controlled by the signal generated by the step delay pulse; by setting the synchronously controlled switch 1 and the time-varying gain circuit at the front end of the sampling gate 5 of the equivalent sampling receiver 3 and the fixed gain circuit 4, on the premise of ensuring that the bandwidth meets the requirements, the dynamic range of the receiver is improved; this design method has the advantages of high real-time performance, large dynamic range improvement, and less resource usage.
根据一些实施例，信号处理模块包括位于采样门5的下游的信号调理电路7，该信号调理电路7用于对采样信号进行匹配阻抗和放大处理。According to some embodiments, the signal processing module includes a signal conditioning circuit 7 located downstream of the sampling gate 5, and the signal conditioning circuit 7 is used for matching impedance and amplifying the sampling signal.
根据一些实施例，信号处理模块还包括时序形成电路8、第一采样保持电路9和第二采样保持电路10。第一采样保持电路9位于信号调理电路7的下游；第二采样保持电路10位于第一采样保持电路9的下游。时序形成电路8接收步进时钟脉冲，产生两路时序信号；第一采样保持电路9和第二采样保持电路10分别在两路时序信号的控制下对所述信号调理电路输出的信号进行采样保持跟踪。According to some embodiments, the signal processing module further includes a timing formation circuit 8 , a first sample and hold circuit 9 and a second sample and hold circuit 10 . The first sample and hold circuit 9 is located downstream of the signal conditioning circuit 7 ; the second sample and hold circuit 10 is located downstream of the first sample and hold circuit 9 . The timing forming circuit 8 receives the stepping clock pulse and generates two timing signals; the first sampling and holding circuit 9 and the second sampling and holding circuit 10 sample and hold the signal output by the signal conditioning circuit under the control of the two timing signals respectively. track.
进一步参照图2，为图1中的等效采样接收机工作时的时序关系图。其中，PRF为具有重复频率的步进时钟脉冲，可由FPGA芯片触发步进延迟电路产生。SWTH为波门宽度信号，用于控制等效采样接收机前端的开关1，当PRF的上升沿到来时，触发开关控制电路2产生波门宽度信号SWTH。STRBE为采样脉冲，用于开启采样门，如图2所示，其作用时间处于波门宽带信号SWTH的中心位置。上述的两路时序信号为第一采样保持信号S&H1和第二采样保持信号S&H2，当产生采样脉冲STRBE时，第一采样保持电路9在第一采样保持信号S&H1的控制下进入保持状态；第二采样保持电路10在第二采样保持信号S&H2的控制下进入采样状态。Further referring to FIG. 2 , it is a timing diagram of the equivalent sampling receiver in FIG. 1 when it is working. Among them, PRF is a step clock pulse with a repetition rate, which can be generated by triggering a step delay circuit by the FPGA chip. SWTH is a gate width signal, which is used to control the switch 1 at the front end of the equivalent sampling receiver. When the rising edge of PRF arrives, the trigger switch control circuit 2 generates the gate width signal SWTH. STRBE is a sampling pulse, which is used to open the sampling gate. As shown in Figure 2, its action time is at the center of the wave gate broadband signal SWTH. The above-mentioned two-way timing signals are the first sampling and holding signal S&H1 and the second sampling and holding signal S&H2. When the sampling pulse STRBE is generated, the first sampling and holding circuit 9 enters the holding state under the control of the first sampling and holding signal S&H1; The sample and hold circuit 10 enters the sampling state under the control of the second sample and hold signal S&H2.
本发明的优选实施中的等效采样接收机的设计带宽为4GHz，为此接收机前端的开关1采用微波型SPST开关，其带宽满足DC-6GHz和高隔离度要求，典型值为55dB@2GHz。而开关控制电路2通过波门宽度信号SWTH来控制开关1的选通时间。在图2中，接收机的时序信号来源于步进时钟脉冲PRF，其重复频率的最小周期为T；波门宽度t0由实际设计要求确定，与探测深度相关，本实施例中采用300ns波门宽度，已满足当前高带宽、大动态接收机的使用要求。The design bandwidth of the equivalent sampling receiver in the preferred implementation of the present invention is 4GHz, and the switch 1 of receiver front end adopts microwave type SPST switch for this reason, and its bandwidth meets DC-6GHz and high isolation requirement, and typical value is 55dB@2GHz . The switch control circuit 2 controls the gate time of the switch 1 through the gate width signal SWTH. In Fig. 2, the timing signal of the receiver comes from the step clock pulse PRF, and the minimum period of its repetition frequency is T ; the wave gate width t is determined by the actual design requirements, and is related to the detection depth. In this embodiment, a 300ns wave is used The gate width has met the requirements of current high-bandwidth and large-dynamic receivers.
本发明的优选实施中，时变增益模块3是对通过开关1之后的射频信号进行变增益控制，以便实现动态范围的调整。而等效采样接收机的典型控制方式是在步进时钟脉冲PRF的作用下，按照等效顺序采样方式，每次初始采样前，如图2所示，设置时变增益值Dn-1，获得本次样点的变增益。在下一个步进时钟脉冲PRF到来前，设置时变增益值为Dn或维持Dn-1不变，这由实际需求确定，从而可得到一组变增益控制方法，构成一条控制曲线。等效采样接收机工作时，按此曲线进行输出控制，因而获得动态增益调整，使得动态范围得到有效提升。而固定增益模块4用于信号固定增益放大，利于采样门5对该射频信号的采样操作。In a preferred implementation of the present invention, the time-varying gain module 3 controls the variable gain of the radio frequency signal after passing through the switch 1, so as to realize the adjustment of the dynamic range. The typical control method of the equivalent sampling receiver is under the action of the stepping clock pulse PRF, according to the equivalent sequential sampling method, before each initial sampling, as shown in Figure 2, set the time-varying gain value Dn-1 to obtain The variable gain of this sample point. Before the arrival of the next step clock pulse PRF, set the time-varying gain value Dn or keep Dn-1 unchanged, which is determined by the actual demand, so that a set of variable gain control methods can be obtained to form a control curve. When the equivalent sampling receiver is working, the output control is performed according to this curve, so that the dynamic gain adjustment is obtained, and the dynamic range is effectively improved. The fixed gain module 4 is used for signal fixed gain amplification, which facilitates the sampling operation of the radio frequency signal by the sampling gate 5 .
本发明的优选实施中，步进时钟脉冲PRF被分成两路：一路进入开关控制电路1，去控制前端的开关1开启，使得信号通过开关1进入时变增益模块3进行增益调整；另一路进入采样脉冲形成电路6和时序形成电路8。采样脉冲产生电路6用于形成皮秒量级的极窄脉冲，确保采样门5在此极窄脉冲作用下被可靠开启，输入信号被采样门5可靠采样。优选地，采样门5采用采样相位检测器(SPD)构成，该SPD内部含有一路阶跃恢复二极管(SRD)，可将采样脉冲做进一步整形和加速，并确保采样脉冲的对称性；同时其内部含有两只采样二极管，两只二极管的一致性较好，从而保证了采样门的带宽需求，本实施例中选用的SPD带宽为22GHz。In the preferred implementation of the present invention, the step clock pulse PRF is divided into two paths: one path enters the switch control circuit 1 to control the opening of the switch 1 at the front end, so that the signal enters the time-varying gain module 3 through the switch 1 for gain adjustment; the other path enters the Sampling pulse forming circuit 6 and timing forming circuit 8 . The sampling pulse generating circuit 6 is used to form a very narrow pulse of picosecond level, so as to ensure that the sampling gate 5 is reliably opened under the action of the very narrow pulse, and the input signal is reliably sampled by the sampling gate 5 . Preferably, the sampling gate 5 is composed of a sampling phase detector (SPD), which contains a step recovery diode (SRD) inside, which can further shape and accelerate the sampling pulse, and ensure the symmetry of the sampling pulse; at the same time, its internal There are two sampling diodes, and the consistency of the two diodes is good, thereby ensuring the bandwidth requirement of the sampling gate. The bandwidth of the SPD selected in this embodiment is 22 GHz.
如图2所示，当采样脉冲STRBE开启取样门后，第一采样保持电路9立刻由采样状态进入保持状态，由第一采样保持信号S&H1信号控制，保持状态为低电平状态，宽度维持t2，其大小满足第二采样保持电路10的可靠采样即可；而第二采样保持电路10由第二采样保持信号S&H2信号控制，其过程与前者相反，延迟t3后由保持状态进入采样状态，采样时间为t4，满足最小时间要求即可。经过t4后，信号被第二采样保持电路10保持住直到下一次采样开始才被更新。其理想的保持时间与重复周期一致。As shown in Figure 2, when the sampling pulse STRBE opens the sampling gate, the first sampling and holding circuit 9 immediately enters the holding state from the sampling state, controlled by the first sampling and holding signal S&H1 signal, the holding state is a low level state, and the width is maintained at t 2 , its size is enough to satisfy the reliable sampling of the second sample and hold circuit 10; while the second sample and hold circuit 10 is controlled by the second sample and hold signal S&H2 signal, its process is opposite to the former, after a delay of t3 , it enters the sampling state from the holding state , the sampling time is t 4 , which only needs to meet the minimum time requirement. After t4, the signal is held by the second sample-and-hold circuit 10 and is not updated until the next sampling starts. Its ideal hold time coincides with the repeat period.
第二采样保持电路10的输出信号为低频信号，该信号可以经后级滤波电路滤波或再由低速ADC进行数字化，从而实现将射频信号降低为音频信号进行采集，降低后端电路的设计和处理要求。The output signal of the second sample-and-hold circuit 10 is a low-frequency signal, which can be filtered by a post-stage filter circuit or digitized by a low-speed ADC, thereby reducing the radio frequency signal to an audio signal for collection, reducing the design and processing of the back-end circuit Require.
下面将描述对本发明优选实施中的等效采样接收机进行动态范围及带宽测试的结果。参照图3，测试所用器件包括信号源11、微波信号源12、等效采样接收机13和实时示波器14。The results of the dynamic range and bandwidth tests of the equivalent sampling receiver in the preferred implementation of the present invention will be described below. Referring to FIG. 3 , the devices used in the test include a signal source 11 , a microwave signal source 12 , an equivalent sampling receiver 13 and a real-time oscilloscope 14 .
测试前，首先需要对微波信号源12进行校准。参照图4，微波信号源12依次按频率点输出设定的标准信号，经过功率计15后，由PC16记录所有频点均按50欧姆特征阻抗情况下获得的功率输出。此处校准是将微波信号源输出统一校准到端面A的位置处，再将每个频点测量的实际功率值统一校准到某标准功率值，如0dBm，并存储于微波信号源12，实施测试时，动态调用该校准值进行校准。Before the test, the microwave signal source 12 needs to be calibrated first. Referring to Fig. 4, the microwave signal source 12 sequentially outputs the set standard signal according to the frequency points, and after passing through the power meter 15, the PC16 records the power output obtained under the condition that all the frequency points are equal to the characteristic impedance of 50 ohms. The calibration here is to uniformly calibrate the output of the microwave signal source to the position of the end face A, and then uniformly calibrate the actual power value measured at each frequency point to a certain standard power value, such as 0dBm, and store it in the microwave signal source 12 for testing , dynamically call the calibration value for calibration.
参照图3，由校准后的微波信号源12按设定频率点依次手动选择输出测试带宽，动态范围。带宽测试结果如图5所示，可见，本发明可获得4GHz以上-3dB的带宽结果。动态范围测试结果见下表所示：Referring to FIG. 3 , the calibrated microwave signal source 12 manually selects the output test bandwidth and dynamic range sequentially according to the set frequency points. The bandwidth test result is shown in FIG. 5 , it can be seen that the present invention can obtain a bandwidth result of -3dB above 4GHz. The dynamic range test results are shown in the table below:
表中，温度为温箱设定温度；遥测为放大器模块遥测温度。可见，动态范围优于85dB。因此，本发明实施例提供的等效采样接收机可在保证高带宽的情况下，增大接收机的动态范围。In the table, the temperature is the set temperature of the thermostat; the remote measurement is the remote measurement temperature of the amplifier module. It can be seen that the dynamic range is better than 85dB. Therefore, the equivalent sampling receiver provided by the embodiment of the present invention can increase the dynamic range of the receiver while ensuring high bandwidth.
以上所述的具体实施例，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The specific embodiments described above have further described the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Within the spirit and principles of the present invention, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc., shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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