CN108978957B - An integrally formed wall without disassembly of formwork and its construction technology - Google Patents
An integrally formed wall without disassembly of formwork and its construction technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN108978957B CN108978957B CN201811031714.3A CN201811031714A CN108978957B CN 108978957 B CN108978957 B CN 108978957B CN 201811031714 A CN201811031714 A CN 201811031714A CN 108978957 B CN108978957 B CN 108978957B
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- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
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Abstract
本发明属于现浇筑墙体建造技术领域,具体涉及一种免拆模板一体成型墙体及施工工艺。本发明采用构件模板、填充模板围成相连通的浇筑腔,并随着浇筑料的灌入一体成型,使得竖向主体结构构件与填充墙一体成型,并且设置的构件模板与填充模板与墙体浇筑粘连为整体,不需要另外设置模板,且不需拆模,施工后墙体的表面平整度高,表面光洁,便于后期施工,本发明所提供的技术方案,可实现竖向主体结构构件与填充墙的同时施工,墙体的整体性好,施工效率得到很大提升,具有广阔的市场前景。
The invention belongs to the technical field of cast-in-place wall construction, and specifically relates to an integrally formed wall without disassembly of formwork and a construction technology. The present invention adopts component formwork and filling formwork to form a connected pouring cavity, and as the pouring material is poured into the integral molding, the vertical main structure component and the filling wall are integrally formed, and the component formwork and filling formwork are arranged to be integrated with the wall. The pouring and adhesion are integral, and there is no need to set up additional formwork, and there is no need to remove the formwork. After construction, the surface of the wall has high flatness and smooth surface, which facilitates later construction. The technical solution provided by the invention can realize the vertical main structure components and By constructing the filling wall at the same time, the integrity of the wall is good, the construction efficiency is greatly improved, and it has broad market prospects.
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明属于现浇筑墙体建造技术领域,具体涉及一种免拆模板一体成型墙体及施工工艺。The invention belongs to the technical field of cast-in-place wall construction, and specifically relates to an integrally formed wall without disassembly of formwork and a construction technology.
背景技术Background technique
目前,在建筑物的墙体建造时主要采用的方式有砌块堆砌及整体浇筑,其中整体浇筑墙体的施工效率、整体性、使用效果等都要优于砌块堆砌的方式,但是浇筑施工需要预先准备模板并通过模板的支护将模板围成所需的浇筑腔,在浇筑结束后还需要对模板进行拆卸,在此过程中不仅工作量大,而且由于浇筑的墙体与模板表面粘连,极易在模板拆卸时损坏墙体表面,使得后期的墙面平整的工作量增大。At present, the main methods used in the construction of building walls are block stacking and integral pouring. The construction efficiency, integrity, and use effect of integrally poured walls are better than the block stacking method, but the pouring construction It is necessary to prepare the formwork in advance and enclose the required pouring cavity through the support of the formwork. After the pouring is completed, the formwork needs to be dismantled. In this process, not only the workload is large, but also due to the adhesion between the poured wall and the surface of the formwork. , it is very easy to damage the wall surface when the formwork is removed, which increases the workload of smoothing the wall later.
另外,施工中墙体有竖向主体结构构件及填充墙,竖向主体结构构件包括剪力墙及柱体等竖向构件,这两种构件的结构与功能都不相同,因此施工中通常将两者分步建造,但是实际使用中发现,两种墙体的接驳面由于施工先后不同,容易出现缝隙、开裂等问题。In addition, during construction, the wall has vertical main structural components and infill walls. The vertical main structural components include vertical components such as shear walls and columns. The structures and functions of these two components are different, so they are usually used during construction. The two are constructed step by step, but in actual use it is found that the connection surfaces of the two walls are prone to gaps, cracks and other problems due to different construction sequences.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明为了解决上述现有技术中存在的问题,本发明提供了一种免拆模板一体成型墙体及施工工艺,可实现模板免拆、墙体表面光洁度高、避免出现缝隙、开裂等问题的效果。In order to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a formwork-free one-piece wall and a construction technology, which can realize the formwork-free disassembly, high surface finish of the wall, and avoid problems such as gaps and cracks. Effect.
本发明采用的具体技术方案是:The specific technical solutions adopted by the present invention are:
一种免拆模板一体成型墙体,包括竖向主体结构构件及填充墙段,所述的竖向主体结构构件包括构件模板及与构件模板浇筑固定的构件浇筑层,所述的填充墙段包括填充模板及与填充模板浇筑固定的填充浇筑层,所述的填充模板包括板材本体及设置在板材本体背面的填充块,所述的构件浇筑层与填充浇筑层一体浇筑成型。A formwork-free one-piece wall, including a vertical main structural component and a filling wall section. The vertical main structural component includes a component formwork and a component pouring layer fixed to the component formwork. The filling wall section includes The filling formwork and the filling pouring layer fixed with the filling formwork, the filling formwork includes a plate body and a filling block arranged on the back of the plate body, the component pouring layer and the filling pouring layer are integrally poured and formed.
所述填充墙段内相邻填充块与板材本体共同围成位于填充浇筑层上的柱状隆起部。The adjacent filling blocks in the filling wall section and the plate body together form a columnar raised portion located on the filling pouring layer.
所述的填充块的水平截面呈梯形、矩形或弧形结构。The horizontal section of the filling block is trapezoidal, rectangular or arc-shaped.
所述的构件模板和/或填充模板的板体上设置有防脱结构,所述的防脱结构包括栓杆及设置在栓杆上的防脱部。An anti-separation structure is provided on the plate body of the component formwork and/or the filling formwork, and the anti-separation structure includes a bolt rod and an anti-separation part provided on the bolt rod.
所述的防脱部为设置在栓杆杆体上的螺纹结构或与栓杆固定的防脱块,所述的防脱部埋设在构件浇筑层或填充浇筑层内。The anti-separation part is a threaded structure provided on the bolt body or an anti-separation block fixed to the bolt, and the anti-separation part is embedded in the component pouring layer or the filling pouring layer.
所述的栓杆的杆体上还固定有栓帽,所述的构件模板和/或填充模板的板体上还设置有容纳栓帽的沉孔。A bolt cap is also fixed on the rod body of the bolt rod, and the plate body of the component formwork and/or the filling formwork is also provided with a countersunk hole for accommodating the bolt cap.
所述的防脱结构呈矩阵式设置有多组。The anti-falling structures are arranged in multiple groups in a matrix.
一种免拆模板一体成型墙体的施工工艺,包括如下步骤,A construction technology for forming a wall in one piece without removing formwork, including the following steps:
a、工厂预制完成构件模板,通过一次浇筑或粘接方式制备具有板材本体及背面的填充块结构的填充模板;a. The component formwork is prefabricated in the factory, and the filling formwork with the plate body and the filling block structure on the back is prepared through one-time pouring or bonding;
b、在施工现场将构件模板及填充模板进行支护围成浇筑腔;b. Support the component formwork and filling formwork to form a pouring cavity at the construction site;
c、向浇筑腔内浇筑砼,固化后形成整体的浇筑层,浇筑层根据所粘连的墙板分为构件浇筑层与填充浇筑层,构件浇筑层所对应墙体为竖向主体结构构件,填充浇筑层所对应墙体为填充墙段;c. Pour concrete into the pouring cavity and solidify to form an overall pouring layer. The pouring layer is divided into a component pouring layer and a filling pouring layer according to the wall panels to which it is adhered. The wall corresponding to the component pouring layer is a vertical main structural member, and the filling layer The wall corresponding to the pouring layer is a filled wall segment;
d、构件模板及填充模板作为永久模板留置在墙体中,拆除支护,完成该一体成型墙体的施工。d. The component formwork and filling formwork are left in the wall as permanent formwork, and the supports are removed to complete the construction of the one-piece wall.
本发明的有益效果是:The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
本发明采用构件模板、填充模板围成相连通的浇筑腔,并随着浇筑料的灌入一体成型,使得竖向主体结构构件与填充墙一体成型,不易出现裂纹或缝隙,并且设置的构件模板与填充模板与墙体浇筑粘连为整体,不需要另外设置模板,且不需拆模,施工后墙体的表面平整度高,表面光洁,便于后期施工,本发明所提供的技术方案,可实现竖向主体结构构件与填充墙的同时施工,墙体的整体性好,施工效率得到很大提升,具有广阔的市场前景。The present invention uses component formwork and filling formwork to form a connected pouring cavity, and is integrally formed as the pouring material is poured, so that the vertical main structural components and the filling wall are integrally formed, making cracks or gaps less likely to occur, and the component formwork is provided The filling formwork and the wall are poured and adhered as a whole. There is no need to set up additional formwork, and there is no need to remove the formwork. After construction, the surface of the wall has high flatness and smooth surface, which facilitates later construction. The technical solution provided by the present invention can realize The vertical main structural components and the infill wall are constructed at the same time. The integrity of the wall is good, the construction efficiency is greatly improved, and it has broad market prospects.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为本发明的一体成型墙体的横断面结构示意图;Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the one-piece wall body of the present invention;
图2为填充模板拼接时的示意图;Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the filling template when splicing;
图3为带有防脱块的栓杆结构示意图;Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the bolt rod with an anti-falling block;
附图中,1、构件模板,2、构件浇筑层,3、填充模板,4、填充浇筑层,5、板材本体,6、填充块,7、梯形斜面部,8、柱状隆起部,9、栓杆,10、防脱块,11、栓帽,12、沉孔,101、竖向主体结构构件,102、填充墙段。In the drawings, 1. Component formwork, 2. Component pouring layer, 3. Filling formwork, 4. Filling pouring layer, 5. Board body, 6. Filling block, 7. Trapezoidal inclined portion, 8. Column-shaped raised portion, 9. Bolt rod, 10. Anti-falling block, 11. Bolt cap, 12. Counterbore, 101. Vertical main structural component, 102. Filling wall segment.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图及具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明:The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:
具体实施例1,如图1及图2所示,本发明为一种免拆模板一体成型墙体,包括竖向主体结构构件101及填充墙段102,所述的竖向主体结构构件101包括构件模板1及与构件模板1浇筑固定的构件浇筑层2,所述的填充墙段102包括填充模板3及与填充模板3浇筑固定的填充浇筑层4,所述的填充模板3包括板材本体5及设置在板材本体5背面的填充块6,所述的构件浇筑层2与填充浇筑层4一体浇筑成型。Specific Embodiment 1, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the present invention is a formwork-free one-piece wall, including a vertical main structural component 101 and a filling wall section 102. The vertical main structural component 101 includes The component formwork 1 and the component pouring layer 2 are poured and fixed with the component formwork 1. The filling wall section 102 includes the filling formwork 3 and the filling pouring layer 4 that is poured and fixed with the filling formwork 3. The filling formwork 3 includes a plate body 5 And the filling block 6 provided on the back side of the plate body 5, the component pouring layer 2 and the filling pouring layer 4 are integrally cast and formed.
本发明的免拆模板一体成型墙体通过构件模板1与填充模板3借助支护一起进行支护,形成竖向主体结构构件101与填充墙段102连通为一体式的浇筑腔,使得构件浇筑层2与填充浇筑层4一体浇筑成型,其中构件模板1与板材本体5的材质相同,构件浇筑层2是位于竖向主体结构构件101的用于粘接构件模板1的浇筑层,填充浇筑层是位于填充墙段102的用于粘接填充模板3的浇筑层,构件浇筑层2厚度大于填充浇筑层4,而设置在填充模板3上的填充块6起到对填充墙段102浇筑层厚度的缩减作用,减少浇筑用料,同时借助由轻骨料混凝土或其它较轻质材料如泡沫板等制成的填充块6进一步降低填充墙段102的重量,并提高其保温性能,设置的构件模板1及板材本体5采用无机纤维压缩板材,具有防火、防霉表面平整度好的优点,采用竖向主体结构构件101与填充墙段102一体浇筑建造的方式,施工速度快,墙体整体度好,不易开裂,采用永久模板免去拆模工序,施工简便,墙体表面光整,墙面后续加工工作量少,成本大大缩减。The one-piece wall without dismantling the formwork of the present invention is supported by the component formwork 1 and the filling formwork 3 with the help of support, forming an integrated pouring cavity where the vertical main structural component 101 and the filling wall section 102 are connected, so that the component pouring layer 2 is integrally poured with the filling pouring layer 4, in which the component formwork 1 is made of the same material as the plate body 5. The component pouring layer 2 is a pouring layer located in the vertical main structural component 101 for bonding the component formwork 1. The filling pouring layer is The thickness of the component pouring layer 2 is greater than that of the filling pouring layer 4, and the filling block 6 provided on the filling formwork 3 plays a role in controlling the thickness of the pouring layer of the filling wall section 102. The reduction effect reduces the pouring materials. At the same time, the weight of the filled wall section 102 is further reduced and its thermal insulation performance is improved with the help of the filling blocks 6 made of lightweight aggregate concrete or other lighter materials such as foam boards. The component formwork is set 1 and the board body 5 are made of inorganic fiber compressed boards, which have the advantages of fire resistance and mildew resistance and good surface smoothness. The vertical main structural component 101 and the filling wall section 102 are integrally poured and constructed. The construction speed is fast and the wall integrity is good. , not easy to crack, using permanent formwork to avoid the formwork removal process, easy construction, smooth wall surface, less follow-up processing work on the wall, and greatly reduced costs.
具体实施例2,如图1所示,所述填充墙段102内相邻填充块6与板材本体5共同围成位于填充浇筑层4上的柱状隆起部8。Specific Embodiment 2, as shown in FIG. 1 , the adjacent filling blocks 6 in the filling wall section 102 and the plate body 5 together form a columnar raised portion 8 located on the filling pouring layer 4 .
所述的填充块6的水平截面呈梯形、矩形或弧形结构。The horizontal section of the filling block 6 has a trapezoidal, rectangular or arc-shaped structure.
如图1中填充墙段102所示,本实施例采用两侧对称设置填充模板的方式,借助梯形斜面部7、板材本体5围成了呈八边形结构的柱状隆起部8,该柱状隆起部8与填充浇筑层4一体浇筑成型,从而在填充墙段102形成了具有承重功能的立柱结构,不仅能够满足自承重的需要,同时保证在后期装修时较好的结构强度,总的来说,借助填充模板3围成了这种宽窄相间的填充浇筑层4结构,即有助于减轻重量,又保证了较好的结构强度,若装修时需要拆解部分填充墙,剩余填充墙段102由于柱状隆起部8的存在,避免了剩余墙段出现溃损开裂的问题,便于装修施工的开展,若填充块6为矩形或弧形结构,柱状隆起部8也同样形成位于填充浇筑层4上的柱状结构,保证较高的填充浇筑层4具有良好的稳定性。As shown in the filling wall section 102 in Figure 1, this embodiment adopts the method of arranging the filling formwork symmetrically on both sides, and uses the trapezoidal inclined portion 7 and the plate body 5 to form an octagonal columnar bulge 8. The columnar bulge 8 Part 8 and the filling pouring layer 4 are integrally cast and formed, thereby forming a column structure with load-bearing function in the filling wall section 102, which can not only meet the needs of self-bearing, but also ensure better structural strength during later decoration. Generally speaking, , with the help of the filling formwork 3, such a structure of alternating wide and narrow filling pouring layers 4 is formed, which not only helps to reduce the weight, but also ensures better structural strength. If part of the filling wall needs to be dismantled during decoration, the remaining filling wall segments 102 Due to the existence of the columnar raised portion 8, the problem of collapse and cracking of the remaining wall segments is avoided, which facilitates the decoration construction. If the filling block 6 has a rectangular or arc-shaped structure, the columnar raised portion 8 is also formed on the filling pouring layer 4 The columnar structure ensures that the higher filling pouring layer 4 has good stability.
由于浇注料采用混凝土等材料在凝固时会发生收缩,柱状隆起部8也同样发生收缩,其收缩方向指向该柱状隆起部8的内部形心处,粘连在柱状隆起部8外侧的板材本体5及填充块6随之发生缩紧,形成了墙体固化后墙板缝隙更加紧致的效果。Since the castable materials such as concrete will shrink when solidified, the columnar raised portion 8 will also shrink, and its shrinkage direction points to the internal centroid of the columnar raised portion 8. The plate body 5 and the plate body 5 adhered to the outside of the columnar raised portion 8 The filling block 6 shrinks accordingly, resulting in an effect that the gaps in the wall panels become tighter after the wall is cured.
具体实施例3,如图3所示,所述的构件模板1和/或填充模板3的板体上设置有防脱结构,所述的防脱结构包括栓杆9及设置在栓杆9上的防脱部。Specific Embodiment 3, as shown in Figure 3, the plate body of the component formwork 1 and/or the filling formwork 3 is provided with an anti-separation structure. The anti-separation structure includes a bolt rod 9 and is arranged on the bolt rod 9 anti-loss part.
构件模板1和/或填充模板3上设置的防脱结构,使得其与浇筑体形成的浇筑层形成固联,防止在浇筑层固化干缩时墙板脱落,保证墙体的一体性。The anti-separation structure provided on the component formwork 1 and/or the filling formwork 3 forms a solid connection with the pouring layer formed by the pouring body, preventing the wall panels from falling off when the pouring layer solidifies and shrinks, and ensures the integrity of the wall.
进一步的,所述的防脱部为设置在栓杆9杆体上的螺纹结构或与栓杆9固定的防脱块10,所述的防脱部埋设在构件浇筑层2或填充浇筑层4内。Furthermore, the anti-separation part is a threaded structure provided on the body of the bolt 9 or an anti-separation block 10 fixed to the bolt 9. The anti-separation part is embedded in the component pouring layer 2 or the filling pouring layer 4. .
所述的防脱部设置在板体的边缘部位,如图3所示,避免板体边缘与墙内的浇筑层脱离,同时,如图1所示,所述的防脱结构呈矩阵式设置有多组。防脱部位于板体边缘,此处也刚好是柱状隆起部8所在位置,借助柱状隆起部8的干缩现象使得填充墙段102的接缝更加紧密,提高墙面光洁度。The anti-separation part is arranged at the edge of the board body, as shown in Figure 3, to prevent the edge of the board body from being separated from the pouring layer in the wall. At the same time, as shown in Figure 1, the anti-separation structure is arranged in a matrix. There are multiple groups. The anti-separation part is located at the edge of the board body, which is also where the columnar protrusion 8 is located. The shrinkage phenomenon of the columnar protrusion 8 makes the joints of the filled wall segments 102 tighter and improves the smoothness of the wall surface.
进一步的,所述的栓杆9的杆体上还固定有栓帽11,所述的构件模板1和/或填充模板3的板体上还设置有容纳栓帽11的沉孔12。栓帽11位于沉孔12内,使得墙面不存在突出的栓帽11,后期墙面施工只需对沉孔12进行填堵即可,施工简便。Furthermore, a bolt cap 11 is fixed on the rod body of the bolt rod 9 , and the plate body of the component formwork 1 and/or the filling formwork 3 is also provided with a countersunk hole 12 for accommodating the bolt cap 11 . The bolt cap 11 is located in the countersunk hole 12, so that there is no protruding bolt cap 11 on the wall. Later wall construction only needs to fill the countersunk hole 12, and the construction is simple.
一种免拆模板一体成型墙体的施工工艺,包括如下步骤,A construction technology for forming a wall in one piece without removing formwork, including the following steps:
a、工厂预制完成构件模板1,通过一次浇筑或粘接方式制备具有板材本体5及背面的填充块6结构的填充模板3;a. The component formwork 1 is prefabricated in the factory, and the filling formwork 3 having the structure of the plate body 5 and the filling block 6 on the back is prepared by one-time pouring or bonding;
b、在施工现场将构件模板1及填充模板3进行支护围成浇筑腔;b. Support the component formwork 1 and the filling formwork 3 at the construction site to form a pouring cavity;
c、向浇筑腔内浇筑砼,固化后形成整体的浇筑层,浇筑层根据所粘连的墙板分为构件浇筑层2与填充浇筑层4,构件浇筑层2所对应墙体为竖向主体结构构件101,填充浇筑层4所对应墙体为填充墙段102;c. Pour concrete into the pouring cavity and form an integral pouring layer after solidification. The pouring layer is divided into component pouring layer 2 and filling pouring layer 4 according to the wall panels to which it is adhered. The wall corresponding to component pouring layer 2 is a vertical main structure. Component 101, the wall corresponding to the filling pouring layer 4 is the filling wall segment 102;
d、构件模板1及填充模板3作为永久模板留置在墙体中,拆除支护,完成该一体成型墙体的施工。d. The component formwork 1 and the filling formwork 3 are left in the wall as permanent formwork, and the supports are removed to complete the construction of the one-piece wall.
基于该施工工艺,在建造免拆模板一体成型墙体时借助预制的构件模板1及填充模板3作为永久模板,施工后无需拆卸模板,墙体表面平整、光洁,根据设计需要搭建浇筑腔,并对浇筑腔内进行填充,同时完成了构件浇筑层2与填充浇筑层4的施工,且两者采用同种材料同时施工,墙体的整体性好,墙体质量高,有效解决了现有技术中墙体后期平整施工量大,墙面易开裂的问题。Based on this construction technology, the prefabricated component formwork 1 and the filling formwork 3 are used as permanent formwork when building a one-piece wall without disassembly of formwork. There is no need to disassemble the formwork after construction. The surface of the wall is flat and smooth. A pouring cavity is built according to the design needs, and The pouring cavity is filled, and the construction of the component pouring layer 2 and the filling pouring layer 4 are completed at the same time. Both are constructed with the same material at the same time. The integrity of the wall is good and the quality of the wall is high, which effectively solves the problem of the existing technology. The later leveling construction of the middle wall requires a lot of work and the wall surface is prone to cracking.
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