CN108969796A - 一种携载rhBMP_2微球的新型可注射自凝固复合人工骨的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种携载rhBMP_2微球的新型可注射自凝固复合人工骨的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108969796A
CN108969796A CN201810789348.1A CN201810789348A CN108969796A CN 108969796 A CN108969796 A CN 108969796A CN 201810789348 A CN201810789348 A CN 201810789348A CN 108969796 A CN108969796 A CN 108969796A
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Abstract

本发明提供一种携载rhBMP_2微球的新型可注射自凝固复合人工骨包含携载rhBMP_2的聚乳酸与聚乙醇酸微球,携载rhBMP_2的复合钙骨水泥。本发明提供了一种携载rhBMP_2微球的新型可注射自凝固复合人工骨以及制备方法。通过加入载药微球,优化载药微球与携载rhBMP_2的复合钙骨水泥的体积比,提高了该复合人工骨材料的力学强度,诱导成骨效率。

Description

一种携载rhBMP_2微球的新型可注射自凝固复合人工骨的制 备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及生物技术领域,具体涉及一种携载rhBMP_2微球的新型可注射自凝固复合人工骨的制备方法。
背景技术
在骨科领域,由于严重创伤、骨肿瘤、骨髓炎等多种原因所致的骨缺损十分常见。目前常用的骨修复材料包括自体骨和金属假体。自体骨增加了患者的创伤和痛苦;金属假体存在松动、断裂等问题。因此,人工骨替代材料移植修复骨缺损成为医学重点。人工骨(Artificail Bone) 是指可以替代人体骨或者修复骨组织缺损的人工生物材料。当需替换关节或治疗骨断裂时,最理想的方式是通过组织再生功能实现骨的自身修复。然而在许多情形下,人体骨并不能实现自身修复,例如骨组织坏死,骨关节创伤,这时就需要人工骨的帮助,理想人工骨材料的研制是医学和生物材料科学领域的一个重要课题。
由于无机材料不易被吸收,尤其是经高温灼烧的无机材料,植入后与周围组织的界面长期存在;而有机材料虽然诱导成骨性能较好,但植入早期缺乏足够的力学强度,且提取量较少;因而人工骨的研究趋向有向复合材料发展,即使材料含有有机和无机两种成分,使之兼具二者的优点。
羟基磷灰石骨水泥人工骨是上述羟基磷灰石陶瓷人工骨基础上发展起来的一种新型的人工骨材料,由于它在常温下可任意塑形,可自固化,临床应用时操作性能好,可形成多孔性的结构,其成分最终转化为羟基磷灰石等特点,使羟基磷灰石人工骨具有很好的生物相容性,植入后具有降解特性以及成骨活性,同时还具有奇特的药物缓释载体的功能,使它成为临床硬组织修复的重要医学材料。
因此本发明发明了一种携载rhBMP_2微球的新型可注射自凝固复合人工骨来提高材料的降解速度和活性因子。
发明内容
针对上述问题,本发明提供了一种携载rhBMP_2微球的新型可注射自凝固复合人工骨以及制备方法。通过加入载药微球,优化载药微球与携载rhBMP_2的复合钙骨水泥的体积比,提高了该复合人工骨材料的力学强度,诱导成骨效率。
为了解决上述技术问题,提供了一下技术方案:
一种携载rhBMP_2微球的新型可注射自凝固复合人工骨,其特征在于,包括以下原料:携载rhBMP_2的聚乳酸与聚乙醇酸微球,携载rhBMP_2的复合钙骨水泥;所述携载rhBMP_2的聚乳酸与聚乙醇酸微球由PLGA,rhBMP_2,PAV采用复乳-溶剂蒸发技术制得;所述复合钙骨水泥由硝酸钙与碳酸氢铵,磷酸氢铵混合,氨水调节PH至9-10进行搅拌沉淀后,加入氟化钠继续搅拌2-4小时后过滤,120℃干燥,300℃烧结而成研磨成粉;所述携载rhBMP_2的复合钙骨水泥为复合钙骨水泥粉末与含rhBMP_2的2%Na2PO4液相常温下按3:1比例混合成糊状备用。
进一步地,硝酸钙,碳酸氢铵,磷酸氢铵,氟化钠的摩尔比2:1:1:0.1-0.3。
进一步地,携载rhBMP_2的聚乳酸与聚乙醇酸微球粒径控制在100-300μm。
进一步地,所述PLGA中PLA/PGA=50/50,重均分子量:20000。
进一步地,携载rhBMP_2的聚乳酸与聚乙醇酸微球与携载rhBMP_2的复合钙骨水泥的体积比为30-40:60-70。
进一步地,携载rhBMP_2的聚乳酸与聚乙醇酸微球中PLGA与rhBMP_2的重量比为20000:16。
一种上述的携载rhBMP_2微球的新型可注射自凝固复合人工骨的制备方法,其特征在于,(1)20%PLGA/二氯甲烷1ml加0.16% rhBMP_2液100μl(含0.1%牛血清白蛋白)乳化1min,加1ml1%PAV乳化1min,再加1%PAV100ml与0.5%异丙醇100ml,以300r/min搅拌4h,静置30min,水洗后冷冻干燥,-20℃保存;(2)携载rhBMP_2的聚乳酸与聚乙醇酸微球与携载rhBMP_2的复合钙骨水泥按体积比混合成糊状,注入模具中,在37℃,100%湿度环境中固化脱模,-20℃保存。
骨生长因子是由骨细胞产生,分泌到骨基质中的一些多肽,它们在骨组织的修复和形成过程中起着重要的调控作用。随着基因工程技术的发展,许多骨生长因子如BMP、bFGF 等已能通过人工基因重组产生。本发明采用了rhBMP_2作为骨生长因子,与PLGA、PVA形成骨再生释放系统,与复合钙骨水泥粉末复合后,改进了复合钙骨水泥粉末普遍存在的问题,提升了材料的降解速度与孔隙率,提升了骨诱导能力与活性因子释放速率,利于新骨的生长。
加入F离子有利于促进强度的提高,但是过量的加入将导致释放率下降。F离子可以取代部分磷酸钙中的酸根离子,促进强度的提升,但是过量的加入将导致释放率的下降。
本发明中通过两种基质相(聚乳酸与聚乙醇酸微球和钙骨水泥)都携带rhBMP_2从而大大提高了释放率,并且通过一定体积比例的基质相的配比,实现了性能的最优化。
本发明提供了一种携载rhBMP_2微球的新型可注射自凝固复合人工骨以及制备方法。通过加入载药微球,优化载药微球与携载rhBMP_2的复合钙骨水泥的体积比,提高了该复合人工骨材料的力学强度,诱导成骨效率。
具体实施方式
PLGA (PLA /PGA; 50 /50重均分子量:20000)由中国科学院成都有机所合成,重组人骨形态蛋白_2 ( rhBMP_2) 由第四军医大学生化教研室提供 , rhBMP_2 EL ISA检测试剂盒购自武汉博士德公司 ,聚乙烯醇(PVA)购自Sigma公司。
实施例1
复合钙骨水泥由硝酸钙与碳酸氢铵,磷酸氢铵混合,氨水调节PH至9-10进行搅拌沉淀后,加入氟化钠继续搅拌3小时后过滤,120℃干燥,300℃烧结而成研磨成粉;将所得的复合钙骨水泥粉末与含rhBMP_2的2%Na2PO4液相常温下按3:1比例混合成糊状备用。硝酸钙,碳酸氢铵,磷酸氢铵,氟化钠的摩尔比2:1:1:0.2。
20%PLGA/二氯甲烷1ml加0.16% rhBMP_2液100μl(含0.1%牛血清白蛋白)乳化1min,加1ml1%PAV乳化1min,再加1%PAV100ml与0.5%异丙醇100ml,以300r/min搅拌4h,静置30min,水洗后冷冻干燥,-20℃保存。
携载rhBMP_2的聚乳酸与聚乙醇酸微球与携载rhBMP_2的复合钙骨水泥按35:65体积比混合成糊状,注入模具中,在37℃,100%湿度环境中固化脱模,-20℃保存。
实施例2
复合钙骨水泥由硝酸钙与碳酸氢铵,磷酸氢铵混合,氨水调节PH至9-10进行搅拌沉淀后,加入氟化钠继续搅拌2小时后过滤,120℃干燥,300℃烧结而成研磨成粉;将所得的复合钙骨水泥粉末与含rhBMP_2的2%Na2PO4液相常温下按3:1比例混合成糊状备用。硝酸钙,碳酸氢铵,磷酸氢铵,氟化钠的摩尔比2:1:1:0.1。
20%PLGA/二氯甲烷1ml加0.16% rhBMP_2液100μl(含0.1%牛血清白蛋白)乳化1min,加1ml1%PAV乳化1min,再加1%PAV100ml与0.5%异丙醇100ml,以300r/min搅拌4h,静置30min,水洗后冷冻干燥,-20℃保存。
携载rhBMP_2的聚乳酸与聚乙醇酸微球与携载rhBMP_2的复合钙骨水泥按40:60体积比混合成糊状,注入模具中,在37℃,100%湿度环境中固化脱模,-20℃保存。
实施例3
复合钙骨水泥由硝酸钙与碳酸氢铵,磷酸氢铵混合,氨水调节PH至9-10进行搅拌沉淀后,加入氟化钠继续搅拌4小时后过滤,120℃干燥,300℃烧结而成研磨成粉;将所得的复合钙骨水泥粉末与含rhBMP_2的2%Na2PO4液相常温下按3:1比例混合成糊状备用。硝酸钙,碳酸氢铵,磷酸氢铵,氟化钠的摩尔比2:1:1: 0.3。
20%PLGA/二氯甲烷1ml加0.16% rhBMP_2液100μl(含0.1%牛血清白蛋白)乳化1min,加1ml1%PAV乳化1min,再加1%PAV100ml与0.5%异丙醇100ml,以300r/min搅拌4h,静置30min,水洗后冷冻干燥,-20℃保存。
携载rhBMP_2的聚乳酸与聚乙醇酸微球与携载rhBMP_2的复合钙骨水泥按30: 70体积比混合成糊状,注入模具中,在37℃,100%湿度环境中固化脱模,-20℃保存。
对比例1
与实施例1的制备工艺基本相同,唯一不同的是携载rhBMP_2的聚乳酸与聚乙醇酸微球与携载rhBMP_2的复合钙骨水泥按体积比40:60混合
对比例2
与实施例1的制备工艺基本相同,唯一不同的是携载rhBMP_2的聚乳酸与聚乙醇酸微球与携载rhBMP_2的复合钙骨水泥按体积比80:20混合
对比例3
与实施例1的制备工艺基本相同,唯一不同的是制备载药微球时采用PLA。
对比例4
与实施例1的制备工艺基本相同,唯一不同的是制备载药微球时采用PGA。
对比例5
与实施例1的制备工艺基本相同,唯一不同的是制备载药微球时采用UV交联胶原海绵。
对比例6
与实施例1的制备工艺基本相同,唯一不同的是制备携载rhBMP_2的复合钙骨水泥中不加入NaF。
对比例7
与实施例1的制备工艺基本相同,唯一不同的是制备携载rhBMP_2的复合钙骨水泥中加入硝酸钙,碳酸氢铵,磷酸氢铵,氟化钠的摩尔比2:1:1:0.5。
对比例8
与实施例1的制备工艺基本相同,唯一不同的是制备携载rhBMP_2的复合钙骨水泥中不加入rhBMP_2,对实施例1-3和对比例1-7进行rhBMP-2体外释放测定和抗压强度检测(表1)。
对比实施例1-3可见,在本发明所提供的的发明成骨因子rhBMP_2释放率最优,抗压强度适中;对比实施例1与对比例1-2可见,载药微球比例增多,强度增加,但是释药率降低。对比实施例1约对比例6-7可知,加入F离子有利于促进强度的提高,但是过量的加入将导致释放率下降。根据表一可见,在本发明优选范围内所制得的新型复合人骨提升了材料的降解速度与孔隙率,提升了骨诱导能力与活性因子释放速率,利于新骨的生长。

Claims (7)

1.一种携载rhBMP_2微球的新型可注射自凝固复合人工骨,其特征在于,包括以下原料:携载rhBMP_2的聚乳酸与聚乙醇酸微球,携载rhBMP_2的复合钙骨水泥;所述携载rhBMP_2的聚乳酸与聚乙醇酸微球由PLGA,rhBMP_2,PAV采用复乳-溶剂蒸发技术制得;所述复合钙骨水泥由硝酸钙与碳酸氢铵,磷酸氢铵混合,氨水调节PH至9-10进行搅拌沉淀后,加入氟化钠继续搅拌2-4小时后过滤,120℃干燥,300℃烧结而成研磨成粉;所述携载rhBMP_2的复合钙骨水泥为复合钙骨水泥粉末与含rhBMP_2的2%Na2PO4液相常温下按3:1比例混合成糊状备用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种携载rhBMP_2微球的新型可注射自凝固复合人工骨,其特征在于,硝酸钙,碳酸氢铵,磷酸氢铵,氟化钠的摩尔比2:1:1:0.1-0.3。
3.根据权利要求1所述的携载rhBMP_2微球的新型可注射自凝固复合人工骨,其特征在于,携载rhBMP_2的聚乳酸与聚乙醇酸微球粒径控制在100-300μm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的携载rhBMP_2微球的新型可注射自凝固复合人工骨,其特征在于,所述PLGA中PLA/PGA=50/50,重均分子量:20000。
5.根据权利要求1所述的携载rhBMP_2微球的新型可注射自凝固复合人工骨的制备方法,其特征在于,携载rhBMP_2的聚乳酸与聚乙醇酸微球与携载rhBMP_2的复合钙骨水泥的体积比为30-40:60-70。
6.根据权利要求1所述的携载rhBMP_2微球的新型可注射自凝固复合人工骨,其特征在于,携载rhBMP_2的聚乳酸与聚乙醇酸微球中PLGA与rhBMP_2的重量比为20000:16。
7.一种根据权利要求1-6所述的携载rhBMP_2微球的新型可注射自凝固复合人工骨的制备方法,其特征在于,(1)20%PLGA/二氯甲烷1ml加0.16% rhBMP_2液100μl(含0.1%牛血清白蛋白)乳化1min,加1ml1%PAV乳化1min,再加1%PAV100ml与0.5%异丙醇100ml,以300r/min搅拌4h,静置30min,水洗后冷冻干燥,-20℃保存;(2)携载rhBMP_2的聚乳酸与聚乙醇酸微球与携载rhBMP_2的复合钙骨水泥按体积比混合成糊状,注入模具中,在37℃,100%湿度环境中固化脱模,-20℃保存。
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