CN108967696A - 一种无抗保育浓缩料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种无抗保育浓缩料及其制备方法，所述保育浓缩料包括下述以重量份计的原料：去皮豆粕40～50份、膨化大豆10～20份、豌豆蛋白粉5～10份、花生粕4～8份、椰子油粉3～5份、鱼粉5～10份、水果糖粉10～20份、石粉1～2份、磷酸二氢钙2～4份、复合酶0.1～0.4份、香味剂0.1～0.2份、酸化剂1～2份、植物精油0.1～0.2份、中草药提取物0.1～0.2份、甜味剂0.05～0.1份、丁酸甘油酯0.5～2份、复合氨基酸1～3份、包被氧化锌0.3～1份、复合维生素和微量元素预混料0.5～2份。所述保育浓缩料有效地预防乳猪在断奶后出现腹泻的情况，并促进肠道有益菌群的生长和繁殖，形成肠道、细菌和宿主之间三位一体的有机平衡，并且所述保育浓缩料的制备方法简单易行，便于推广，并且其制备方法绿色环保。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于乳猪饲料技术领域，具体涉及一种无抗保育浓缩料及其制备方法。
背景技术
乳猪在保育阶段常发生腹泻、生长速度低、皮毛不好等问题。为了控制保育阶段的腹泻，市场中的保育浓缩料一般通过在饲料中添加大量抗生素来控制腹泻，但抗生素在杀灭肠道中有害细菌的同时，往往也杀死了有益菌，造成保育阶段乳猪肠道菌群的紊乱，影响乳猪肠道的生长和发育，造成乳猪阶段猪只的疾病抵抗力低，生长速度慢，料肉比高，同时也对生态环境造成了严重的危害。
发明内容
本发明提供一种无抗保育浓缩料及其制备方法，所述保育浓缩料有效地预防乳猪在断奶后出现腹泻的情况，同时能够提高机体自身的免疫力，促进肠道有益菌群的生长和繁殖，形成肠道、细菌和宿主之间三位一体的有机平衡，并且所述保育浓缩料的制备方法简单易行，便于推广，并且其制备方法绿色环保。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用下述技术手段。
一种无抗保育浓缩料，所述保育浓缩料包括下述以重量份计的原料：去皮豆粕40～50份、膨化大豆10～20份、豌豆蛋白粉5～10份、花生粕4～8份、椰子油粉3～5份、鱼粉5～10份、水果糖粉10～20份、石粉1～2份、磷酸二氢钙2～4份、复合酶0.1～0.4份、香味剂0.1～0.2份、酸化剂1～2份、植物精油0.1～0.2份、中草药提取物0.1～0.2份、甜味剂0.05～0.1份、丁酸甘油酯0.5～2份、复合氨基酸1～3份、包被氧化锌0.3～1份、以及复合维生素和微量元素预混料0.5～2份。
进一步地，所述植物精油为肉桂醛与百里香酚的混合物，肉桂醛对大肠杆菌、枯草杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等有效地抑制作用，肉桂醛能加强肠胃蠕动，能促进胃液分泌，增强消化功能，进而增加动物的食量，肉桂醛具有很好的抗霉杀菌作用，添加了肉桂醛的饲料能保存很长时间不发霉、不变色变味；百里香酚具有很强的抗菌作用，与肉桂醛混合一起添加到饲料里，能使饲料长时间不发霉、不变色变味。
进一步地，所述中药提取物为博落回，博落回具有有效的抗菌作用，能对多种革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌及钩端螺旋体有较强的抑制作用；博落回具有效地驱虫作用；博落回还具有改善肝功能及增强免疫力的功效。
一种无抗保育浓缩料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将大豆过风过筛后，去皮膨化，制成膨化大豆；
(2)将去皮豆粕、豌豆蛋白粉和花生粕混合后，进行膨化，制成膨化混合物；
(3)以膨化玉米为载体，加入椰子油，同时加入乳化剂磷脂油进行乳化，配制出椰子油粉；
(4)将维生素、微量元素进行包被处理；
(5)将中草药超微粉碎至800目；
(6)将膨化大豆、步骤(2)制成的膨化混合物、鱼粉、磷酸二氢钙混合后粉碎至80目，制成配料1；
(7)将配料1与椰子油粉、水果糖粉、石粉、复合酶、香味剂、酸化剂、植物精油、中草药粉、丁酸甘油酯、复合氨基酸、维生素及微量元素预混料、包被氧化锌等混合后粉碎过60目筛，打包制成所述无抗保育浓缩料。
本发明的有益效果为：本发明中通过添加中草药粉、复合氨基酸、复合维生素及微量元素等营养成分，从而提高了乳猪的免疫系统，提高乳猪的防病抗病能力，降低了乳猪保育阶段发病的概率，并且可以提高乳猪对抗体内外各类应激的能力；本发明中添加了复合酶，复合酶能有效地改善乳猪肠道微生态环境，使有益菌群占据优势地位，并抑制有害菌群在肠道内定居繁殖，乳猪消化机能明显提高，有效降低了乳猪发生腹泻的概率，同时提高了乳猪肠道对营养成分的吸收率，对乳猪增重有良好的作用；本发明中添加的氧化锌是经过包被处理的，这样能够避免氧化锌被胃酸中和，可以明显提高锌的生物利用率，并且氧化锌经过包被处理能够增加氧化锌颗粒的表面，从而提高氧化锌本身作用效果；本发明中添加了水果糖粉、香味剂及甜味剂，这些添加剂可以有效地改善所述保育浓缩料的口感，增加乳猪的食欲，提高乳猪的重量；本发明中所述的浓缩料安全可靠，对乳猪无副作用。
本发明中所述的浓缩料的制备方法能够有效地消除大豆中的抗营养因子，能有效地减轻乳猪过敏反应引起的肠道损伤，减少腹泻的发生，并且所述制备方法简单易操作，易于大规模推广。
具体实施方式
为了使本领域的技术人员可以更好地理解本发明，下面结合实施例对本发明技术方案进一步说明。
实施例1
去皮豆粕42份，膨化大豆15份，豌豆蛋白粉6份，花生粕5份，椰子油粉4份，进口鱼粉8份，水果糖粉10份，石粉1.5份，磷酸二氢钙2.5份，复合酶0.25份，香味剂0.1份，酸化剂1份，植物精油0.1份，中草药粉0.15份，甜味剂0.1份，丁酸甘油酯1份，复合氨基酸2份，包被氧化锌0.5份，以及维生素和微量元素预混料0.8份，合计100份。
进一步地，所述植物精油为肉桂醛与百里香酚的混合物。
进一步地，所述中药提取物为博落回。
上述乳猪保育浓缩料的制备方法：
(1)将大豆过风过筛后，去皮膨化，此区别于一般保育浓缩料所用的膨化大豆；
(2)将去皮豆粕、豌豆蛋白粉和花生粕混合后，进行膨化，制成膨化混合物；
(3)以膨化玉米为载体，加入椰子油，同时加入乳化剂磷脂油进行乳化，配制出椰子油粉；
(4)将维生素、微量元素进行包被处理；
(5)将中草药超微粉碎至800目；
(6)将膨化大豆、膨化混合物、鱼粉、磷酸二氢钙混合后粉碎至80目，作为配料1。
(7)将配料1与椰子油粉、水果糖粉、石粉、复合酶、香味剂、酸化剂、植物精油、中草药粉、丁酸甘油酯、复合氨基酸、维生素及微量元素预混料、包被氧化锌等混合后粉碎过60目筛，打包制成成品。
实施例2
实施例2中所述无抗保育浓缩料的制备方法与实施例1相同，仅原料配比不同，实施例2中所述无抗保育浓缩料成分及重量份为：去皮豆粕45份，膨化大豆15份，豌豆蛋白粉6份，花生粕5份，椰子油粉4份，进口鱼粉5份，水果糖粉10份，石粉1.5份，磷酸二氢钙2.5份，复合酶0.25份，香味剂0.1份，酸化剂1份，植物精油0.1份，中草药粉0.15份，甜味剂0.1份，丁酸甘油酯1份，复合氨基酸2份，包被氧化锌0.5份，以及维生素和微量元素预混料0.8份，合计100份。
进一步地，所述植物精油为肉桂醛与百里香酚的混合物。
进一步地，所述中药提取物为博落回。
实施例3
实施例3中所述无抗保育浓缩料的制备方法与实施例1相同，仅原料配比不同，实施例3中所述无抗保育浓缩料成分及重量份为：去皮豆粕45份，膨化大豆17份，豌豆蛋白粉8.5份，花生粕5份，椰子油粉4份，进口鱼粉2.5份，水果糖粉8份，石粉1.5份，磷酸二氢钙2.5份，复合酶0.25份，香味剂0.1份，酸化剂1份，植物精油0.1份，中草药粉0.15份，甜味剂0.1份，丁酸甘油酯1份，复合氨基酸2份，包被氧化锌0.5份，以及维生素和微量元素预混料0.8份，合计100份。
进一步地，所述植物精油为肉桂醛与百里香酚的混合物。
进一步地，所述中药提取物为博落回。
对比例1：对照组1为市场中普通保育浓缩料，该40％浓缩饲料中抗生素的添加剂量为：土霉素钙(20wt％)：3.7公斤，包被金霉素(10wt％)公斤；1.8包被喹烯酮(50wt％)：0.25公斤。
对比实2：对照组2为市场中普通保育浓缩料，该40％保育浓缩饲料中抗生素的添加剂量为：包被金霉素(10wt％)1.8公斤；包被喹烯酮(50wt％)：0.25公斤；亚甲基水杨酸杆菌肽(10wt％)：0.75公斤。
对比实3：对照组为市场中普通教槽料，饲料中抗生素的添加剂量为：包被金霉素(10wt％)1.8公斤；包被喹烯酮(50wt％)：0.25公斤；吉他霉素(50wt％)：0.25公斤。
将实施例1、实施例2、实施例3、对比例1、对比例2及对比例3中的保育浓缩料采用下述喂养乳猪的方法进行喂养，其饲喂效果如表1所示。
喂养乳猪方法：(1)将玉米过风过筛，粉碎过1.5mm筛，按照60％玉米加40％保育浓缩料进行配制，称量后混合均匀，制成全价粉料饲喂乳猪。(2)自断奶后7天开始，将保育全价粉料教槽料按照5：5的比例混合均匀，过度7天后全部换成保育全价粉料饲喂乳猪，少添勤喂，每天饲喂4-6次，自由采食，饲喂至60日龄换成乳猪全价料。
表1实施例1、实施例2及实施例3的饲喂效果
从表1可以看出用实施例1、实施例2、实施例3饲喂的乳猪的日增重高，且腹泻率低，料肉比地，这说明了本发明中所述的保育浓缩料能有效地改善乳猪肠道微生态环境，调节胃肠道的消化机能，对提高乳猪食欲，降低腹泻发生率；从表1也可以看出在三个实施例中，实施例1中饲喂效果最佳，从而可以实施例1中所述保育浓缩料的原料配比最优。
以上对本发明的较佳实施方式进行了具体说明，但本发明创造并不限于所述实施例，熟悉本领域的技术人员在不违背本发明精神的前提下还可作出种种的等同变型或替换，这些等同的变型或替换均包含在本申请权利要求所限定的范围内。
Claims (4)
1.一种无抗保育浓缩料，其特征在于，所述保育浓缩料包括下述以重量份计的原料：去皮豆粕40～50份、膨化大豆10～20份、豌豆蛋白粉5～10份、花生粕4～8份、椰子油粉3～5份、鱼粉5～10份、水果糖粉10～20份、石粉1～2份、磷酸二氢钙2～4份、复合酶0.1～0.4份、香味剂0.1～0.2份、酸化剂1～2份、植物精油0.1～0.2份、中草药提取物0.1～0.2份、甜味剂0.05～0.1份、丁酸甘油酯0.5～2份、复合氨基酸1～3份、包被氧化锌0.3～1份、复合维生素和微量元素预混料0.5～2份。
2.根据权利要求1中所述的一种无抗保育浓缩料，其特征在于，所述植物精油为肉桂醛与百里香酚的混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种无抗保育浓缩料，其特征在于，中药提取物为博落回。
4.一种无抗保育浓缩料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)将大豆过风过筛后，去皮膨化，制成膨化大豆；
(2)将去皮豆粕、豌豆蛋白粉和花生粕混合后，进行膨化，制成膨化混合物；
(3)以膨化玉米为载体，加入椰子油，同时加入乳化剂磷脂油进行乳化，配制出椰子油粉；
(4)将维生素、微量元素进行包被处理；
(5)将中草药超微粉碎至800目；
(6)将膨化大豆、步骤(2)制成的膨化混合物、鱼粉、磷酸二氢钙混合后粉碎至80目，制成配料1；
(7)将配料1与椰子油粉、水果糖粉、石粉、复合酶、香味剂、酸化剂、植物精油、中草药粉、丁酸甘油酯、复合氨基酸、维生素及微量元素预混料、包被氧化锌等混合后粉碎过60目筛，打包制成所述无抗保育浓缩料。
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