CN108956771A - Special vehicle transmission shaft damage detection system based on supersonic guide-wave - Google Patents
Special vehicle transmission shaft damage detection system based on supersonic guide-wave Download PDFInfo
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- CN108956771A CN108956771A CN201810740607.1A CN201810740607A CN108956771A CN 108956771 A CN108956771 A CN 108956771A CN 201810740607 A CN201810740607 A CN 201810740607A CN 108956771 A CN108956771 A CN 108956771A
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- module
- transmission shaft
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- wave
- special vehicle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of special vehicle transmission shaft damage detection system based on supersonic guide-wave, including high power multichannel Active spurring module, high speed acquisition front end, damaging diagnostic parameter extracts and evaluation module, sensor holder, power supply module and radiating module；High power multichannel Active spurring module is used to pumping signal being applied to special vehicle transmission shaft, by the high speed acquisition front-end collection that the transmission shaft other end is arranged in；Damaging diagnostic parameter extracts and evaluation module includes ultrasonic guided wave signals digital oscilloscope and monitoring client, ultrasonic guided wave signals digital oscilloscope output drive signal, the signal of high speed acquisition front-end collection is received simultaneously, monitoring client is used to carry out damage feature extraction and assessment to received signal, and carries out damage and show.The present invention has many advantages, such as that integrated level is high, easy to operate, non-destructive tests are accurate, observation is intuitive.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vehicle testing techniques, and in particular to a kind of special vehicle transmission shaft damage inspection based on supersonic guide-wave
Examining system.
Background technique
With the fast development of National Industrial technology, vehicle has become the indispensable tool of the mankind.Wherein, special purpose vehicle
As the key tool for undertaking national production and construction, largely come into operation in each field production line.Special vehicle one
As via special designing, weight, contour dimension, in terms of all surmount common vehicle.As large engineering vehicle
A large amount of production and construction task is carry, and under normal circumstances, traveling road conditions, working environment etc. are complex severe.Therefore
With the increase of its service life, it unavoidably will lead to each component and gradually generate damage.Wherein, transmission shaft is usual under steam
Huge load and impact are subject, therefore the failure caused by fatigue rupture easily occurs.Damage, abrasion, the change of transmission shaft
Shape and lose dynamic balancing, it will special car is caused to travel failure.These failures concentrate on abnormal sound and vibration.When serious
The damage of other component be will lead to so that threatening driver and other people safety.
Currently, most of driver can only judge the damage of transmission shaft by experiences such as abnormal sounds of vehicle when driving, so
And due to vehicle structure complexity, only can have very big subjective factor by micro-judgment leads to the inaccuracy of judgement；It is another
Aspect when there is abnormal sound, illustrates that vehicular transmission shaft or other component have already appeared damage, is at this moment driving production scene
Continue operation and has existed security risk.Meanwhile transmission shaft is generally hollow structure, the site tissue damages such as axis internal diameter are difficult to pass through meat
The traditional approach such as eye judgement, to leave hidden danger.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of special vehicle transmission shaft damage detection system based on supersonic guide-wave, to solve
The problems such as prior art is complicated for operation, detection error is big and not intuitive when detecting to special vehicle transmission shaft component.
Realize the technical solution of the object of the invention are as follows: a kind of special vehicle transmission shaft damage check system based on supersonic guide-wave
System, including high power multichannel Active spurring module, high speed acquisition front end, damaging diagnostic parameter extraction and evaluation module, sensing
Device clamping device, power supply module and radiating module；
The high power multichannel Active spurring module is used to pumping signal being applied to transmission shaft, is driven by being arranged in
The high speed acquisition front-end collection of the axis other end；The damaging diagnostic parameter extracts and evaluation module includes ultrasonic guided wave signals number
Oscillograph and monitoring client, ultrasonic guided wave signals digital oscilloscope are controlled by monitoring client, to high power multichannel Active spurring module
Output drive signal, while the signal of high speed acquisition front-end collection is received, the monitoring client is for damaging received signal
Hurt feature extraction and assessment, and carries out damage and show；Sensor holder is powered for clamping incentive probe and receiving transducer
Module is used to provide power supply for system, and radiating module is used for system radiating.
Further, the high power multichannel Active spurring module mainly switches mould by incentive probe, multi channel signals
Block and adjustable pumping signal multiplier composition；After pumping signal is exported by ultrasonic guided wave signals digital oscilloscope, first swash through adjustable
It encourages signal multiplier to amplify signal power, then signal is shunted by multi channel signals switching module, multichannel letter
Number switching module can carry out arbitrary switch to signal and arbitrarily select with channel, and the signal loading through power amplification and shunting is to motivating
On probe, transmission shaft structure is motivated.
Further, incentive probe is piezoelectric transducer or piezoelectric patches.
Further, incentive probe uses multichannel, along the radial outer circular direction equidistant placement of transmission shaft.
Further, incentive probe quantity is 4 tunnels or more.
Further, pumping signal uses sinusoidal modulation signal:
I (t)=[H (t)-H (t-N/fc)]×(1-cos(2πfct/N))sin 2πfct
F in formulacFor the centre frequency of pumping signal, H (t) is Heaviside step function, and N is the wave of sin modulated signal
Peak number.
Further, high speed acquisition front end is mainly made of receiving transducer, the conversion of tunable charge amount with amplification module；
The receiving transducer is used to receive the signal of incentive probe sending, and the conversion of tunable charge amount will be received with amplification module
The quantity of electric charge of probe output is converted to voltage value.
Further, damaging diagnostic parameter extracts and evaluation module is by ultrasonic guided wave signals digital oscilloscope and monitoring client group
At；
The ultrasonic guided wave signals digital oscilloscope is controlled by monitoring client, is provided simultaneously with output editable pumping signal function
Energy, multi-channel high-speed acquire function, and pumping signal is output to high-speed multiple channel Active spurring module in transmission shaft structure
Excitation, receive signal by oscillograph receive pre-process and by CAN bus connection in real time upload monitoring client；The monitoring client is used
In control other modules, and received waveform is analyzed and processed, damage feature extraction and assessment and damage show；At analysis
Reason includes the filtering of waveform, normalized, extracts envelope.
Further, sensor holder is made of clamping device and pressure sensor；Clamping device swashs for fixed
Probe and receiving transducer, while fixation pressure sensor on the inside of clamping device are encouraged, clamping device opens and closes monitored end control.
Further, power supply module is socket group, provides stabilized power supply for each module；Radiating module is made of fan, is
Internal system cooling.
Compared with prior art, remarkable advantage of the invention are as follows: (1) present invention is more sensitive to damage using supersonic guide-wave
Characteristic, realize to the damage check and alarm of special vehicle transmission shaft structure, especially under more rugged environment, guarantee
The driving safety of special vehicle, while also indirect the safety and high efficiency operation that ensure that engineering project；(2) present invention utilizes
CAN bus is communicated, and not only transmission rate is very fast, stability is stronger, but also makes system software processing speed higher；(3)
Detection system integrally has many advantages, such as that integrated level is high, easy to operate, non-destructive tests are accurate, observation is intuitive.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is based on the connection schematic diagrams of the special vehicle transmission shaft damage detection system of supersonic guide-wave.
Fig. 2 is the wave crest sinusoidal modulation signal figure that narrowband excitation signal used in detection system of the present invention is N=5.
Fig. 3 is detection system overall operation flow chart of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In conjunction with Fig. 1, a kind of special vehicle transmission shaft damage detection system, including high power multichannel Active spurring module,
High speed acquisition front end, damaging diagnostic parameter extracts and evaluation module, sensor holder, power supply and radiating module.Ultrasound is led
It is very sensitive to all kinds of damages when wave is propagated in structure, meanwhile, it can come in the upper and lower surface of structure when the propagation of supersonic guide-wave
Reflection is returned, can detect transmission shaft internal injury.
High power multichannel Active spurring module is mainly made of 3 parts: incentive probe, multi channel signals switching module,
Adjustable pumping signal multiplier.After pumping signal is exported by oscillograph, first through adjustable pumping signal multiplier to its signal power
It amplifies, then signal is shunted by multi channel signals switching module, while the arbitrary switch of signal can also be met and led to
The optional function in road, via in the signal loading to incentive probe of power amplification and shunting, for transmission shaft structure into
Row energization.
Since the signal that oscillograph issues all can be smaller generally in amplitude and power, cause to be difficult in transmission shaft knot in this way
Desired signal is motivated in structure or pumping signal propagation distance is very short, is difficult to be received sensor and is captured.The present invention is led at it
Adjustable pumping signal multiplier module is added in propagation path, to increase its power, signal propagation distance in the structure can be made
Increase, identification is stronger.80 times of power amplification in present embodiment.
Due to the output channel of adjustable pumping signal multiplier is general less and between channel and channel it is mutually indepedent, it is difficult to
It realizes that multiple signals are complete and synchronous, fine can must solve this problem using multi channel signals switching module.In multichannel
Signal one is divided to be more inside signal switching module, meanwhile, using multi channel signals switching module, channel can be arbitrarily switched, is made
With more flexible.
Incentive probe uses piezoelectric transducer or piezoelectric patches excitation ultrasound guided wave, and quantity is 4 or more.
The selection of pumping signal: in the prevalence of multimode and Dispersion, wide-band excitation letter when being propagated due to supersonic guide-wave
Number supersonic guide-wave inspired is difficult to analyze and explain, in order to solve this problem, the present invention select narrow band signal as active
The pumping signal of supersonic guide-wave transmission shaft structure detection.The frequency content of narrowband excitation signal is more concentrated, active ultrasonic guided wave
Window function interception sinusoidal signal is generallyd use in monitoring structural health conditions to obtain.In narrowband excitation signal, the time domain length of window function
Longer, modulated signal frequency band is narrower, and the mode of supersonic guide-wave is more easier to control with propagation, but it is mixed to be also easy to happen signal wave packet
It is folded.This two o'clock factor in order to balance, the present invention use the sinusoidal modulation signal of N=5 wave crest number:
I (t)=[H (t)-H (t-N/fc)]×(1-cos(2πfct/N))sin 2πfct
F in formulacFor the centre frequency of pumping signal, H (t) is Heaviside step function, and N is the wave of sin modulated signal
Peak number, N=5 in present embodiment.The frequency of signal mainly concentrate centre frequency and its near, it is different selection can be passed through when excitation
Centre frequency obtain desired ultrasonic guided wave signals.
High speed acquisition of the present invention front end mainly consists of two parts: receiving transducer and the conversion of tunable charge amount and amplification mould
Block.Receiving transducer and incentive probe select same size, and receiving transducer quantity is 1.Receiving transducer receives signal and by its turn
It changes the quantity of electric charge into, since the quantity of electric charge is not easy measurement and saves, is converted using tunable charge amount and be converted with amplification module
For voltage value, convenient for damaging diagnostic parameter extract and evaluation module in oscillograph acquisition and processing.
Damaging diagnostic parameter extracts and evaluation module is made of ultrasonic guided wave signals digital oscilloscope with monitoring client.Ultrasound is led
Wave signal digital oscilloscope is controlled by monitoring client, is provided simultaneously with output editable pumping signal function, multi-channel high-speed acquisition function
Energy.Pumping signal is output to high-speed multiple channel Active spurring module for the excitation in transmission shaft structure.Signal is received by showing
Wave device receives pretreatment and is uploaded to monitoring client in real time by CAN bus connection.Monitoring client is for controlling each hardware module, waveform
Analysis processing, damage feature extraction and assessment after reception, the position damaged, damage type and degree of injury, display
On the screen.Analysis processing function mainly includes the filtering of waveform, normalized, extracts envelope function, damage feature extraction
It mainly include that interception and the extraction of damage characteristic point are carried out in the time domain to the waveform of early period after processing with evaluation function, finally
Damage display function complete display to damage field and warning function.
Sensor holder is made of clamping device and pressure sensor.The clamping device is used for constant excitation and connects
Receive probe, while fixation pressure sensor on the inside of clamping device, clamping device folding directly monitored end control, folding size by
Pressure sensor feeds back monitoring client pressure value determines.Since the present invention is popped one's head in using at least five, when use, is difficult to fix, this
Design fine can must solve this problem, increase considerably the operability of detection.
Power supply module is socket group, provides stabilized power supply for each module；Radiating module is made of fan, is dropped for internal system
Temperature, heat dissipation position includes monitoring client and adjustable pumping signal multiplier.
After invention software operation, sensor holder is fixed on special vehicle transmission shaft, according to the actual situation
Setting sensor is applied to the size of the power on transmission shaft.Transmission shaft structure is damaged at this point, detection system can be started
Monitoring.
Detection system is briefly described according to signal transmission direction.Realization of the monitoring client both as the connection of each hardware is flat
Platform, while the also carrying as software operation.Ultrasonic guided wave signals digital oscilloscope is directly controlled by monitoring terminal, excitation waveform
As shown in Figure 2.Excitation waveform is output and then enter adjustable pumping signal multiplier module by ultrasonic guided wave signals digital oscilloscope, real
The amplification of existing waveforms amplitude and power.Pumping signal one is divided to be more by multi channel signals switching module, is finally loaded directly into
In on special vehicle transmission shaft.Probe is along the radial outer circular direction equidistant placement of transmission shaft.Test of many times discovery, incentive probe quantity
Much, the integrality of more certifiable signal transmission, the present invention are swashed in line with the analysis of the accuracy of economy and experimental result using 4 roads
It is synchronous in the enterprising row energization of axis to encourage probe.Signal is propagated in transmission shaft structure, finally receives signal by receiving transducer.
After piezoelectric transducer receives feedback signal, output charge amount.Charge signal enters the conversion of tunable charge amount and amplification
The quantity of electric charge is changed into the voltage signal for being easier to measurement by module.Meanwhile the conversion of tunable charge amount and amplification module of the invention
The filter function of signal early period is carry, later period signal processing is designed as in this way and provides conveniently.Processed voltage signal is again
Into ultrasonic guided wave signals digital oscilloscope receiving end, ultrasonic guided wave signals digital oscilloscope carries out high speed and real time sampling to signal
And it is connected by CAN bus and uploads monitoring client.Monitoring terminal realization analysis processing function, damage feature extraction and evaluation function,
Damage display function.
Detection system overall operation flow chart in the present invention as shown in figure 3, engineer in special vehicle transmission shaft structure
In daily maintenance and maintenance, it can be realized by monitoring client and hardware is integrally controlled, is observed, is saved and the multiple functions such as record.Together
When, it is artificial to set damage factor parameter, it is ensured that the versatility of system.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of special vehicle transmission shaft damage detection system based on supersonic guide-wave, which is characterized in that including high power multi-pass
Road Active spurring module, high speed acquisition front end, damaging diagnostic parameter extracts and evaluation module, sensor holder, power supply mould
Block and radiating module；
The high power multichannel Active spurring module is used to pumping signal being applied to transmission shaft, another by transmission shaft is arranged in
The high speed acquisition front-end collection of one end；The damaging diagnostic parameter extracts and evaluation module includes ultrasonic guided wave signals number oscillography
Device and monitoring client, ultrasonic guided wave signals digital oscilloscope are controlled by monitoring client, are exported to high power multichannel Active spurring module
Pumping signal, while the signal of high speed acquisition front-end collection is received, the monitoring client is used to carry out received signal damage special
Sign is extracted and assessment, and carries out damage and show；Sensor holder is for clamping incentive probe and receiving transducer, power supply module
For providing power supply for system, radiating module is used for system radiating.
2. the special vehicle transmission shaft damage detection system according to claim 1 based on supersonic guide-wave, which is characterized in that
The high power multichannel Active spurring module is by incentive probe, multi channel signals switching module and adjustable pumping signal multiplier
Composition；After pumping signal is exported by ultrasonic guided wave signals digital oscilloscope, first through adjustable pumping signal multiplier to signal power
It amplifies, then signal is shunted by multi channel signals switching module, multi channel signals switching module can carry out signal
Arbitrary switch arbitrarily selected with channel, in the signal loading to incentive probe through power amplification and shunting, to transmission shaft structure into
Row energization.
3. the special vehicle transmission shaft damage detection system according to claim 2 based on supersonic guide-wave, which is characterized in that
Incentive probe is piezoelectric transducer or piezoelectric patches.
4. the special vehicle transmission shaft damage detection system according to claim 3 based on supersonic guide-wave, which is characterized in that
Incentive probe quantity is 4 tunnels or more.
5. the special vehicle transmission shaft damage detection system according to claim 4 based on supersonic guide-wave, which is characterized in that
Incentive probe is along the radial outer circular direction equidistant placement of transmission shaft.
6. the special vehicle transmission shaft damage detection system according to claim 2 based on supersonic guide-wave, which is characterized in that
Pumping signal uses sinusoidal modulation signal:
I (t)=[H (t)-H (t-N/fc)]×(1-cos(2πfct/N))sin2πfct
F in formulacFor the centre frequency of pumping signal, H (t) is Heaviside step function, and N is the wave crest number of sin modulated signal.
7. the special vehicle transmission shaft damage detection system according to claim 1 based on supersonic guide-wave, which is characterized in that
High speed acquisition front end is made of receiving transducer, the conversion of tunable charge amount with amplification module；The receiving transducer is for receiving excitation
The quantity of electric charge that receiving transducer exports is converted to voltage value by the signal that probe issues, the conversion of tunable charge amount and amplification module.
8. the special vehicle transmission shaft damage detection system according to claim 1 based on supersonic guide-wave, which is characterized in that
Damaging diagnostic parameter extracts and evaluation module is made of ultrasonic guided wave signals digital oscilloscope with monitoring client；
The ultrasonic guided wave signals digital oscilloscope is controlled by monitoring client, is provided simultaneously with output editable pumping signal function, more
Channel high speed acquisition function, pumping signal are output to high-speed multiple channel Active spurring module, receive signal and are received in advance by oscillograph
It handles and monitoring client is uploaded to by CAN bus connection in real time；The monitoring client is used to control other modules, and to received wave
Shape is analyzed and processed, damage feature extraction and assessment, damage are shown；Wherein analysis processing includes the filtering of waveform, normalization
Processing and extraction envelope.
9. the special vehicle transmission shaft damage detection system according to claim 1 based on supersonic guide-wave, which is characterized in that
Sensor holder is made of clamping device and pressure sensor；Clamping device is popped one's head in for constant excitation and receiving transducer,
Fixation pressure sensor on the inside of clamping device simultaneously, clamping device open and close monitored end control.
10. the special vehicle transmission shaft damage detection system according to claim 1 based on supersonic guide-wave, feature exist
In power supply module is socket group, provides stabilized power supply for each module；Radiating module is made of fan, is cooled down for internal system.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109870513A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2019-06-11 | 重庆交通职业学院 | The detection of wheel shaft recessiveness fatigue damage and visualization technique |
| CN110108794A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-08-09 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of adjustable contact force type supersonic guide-wave damage detection system |
| CN113954768A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-01-21 | 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 | Detection data acquisition method, vehicle controller and storage medium |
| CN114113327A (en) * | 2020-08-30 | 2022-03-01 | 南京理工大学 | Pipeline damage detection system based on ultrasonic guided waves |
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Application publication date: 20181207 |