CN201653985U - Flaw detection system - Google Patents
Flaw detection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN201653985U CN201653985U CN2010201267252U CN201020126725U CN201653985U CN 201653985 U CN201653985 U CN 201653985U CN 2010201267252 U CN2010201267252 U CN 2010201267252U CN 201020126725 U CN201020126725 U CN 201020126725U CN 201653985 U CN201653985 U CN 201653985U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a flaw detection system, which comprises a main control unit, an acquisition unit, a signal generation unit and a flaw detection unit comprising an ultrasonic probe, an eddy current probe, an acoustic resistance probe and the like. The utility model integrates ultrasonic, eddy current and acoustic resistance systems into one system, which replaces the three currently used instruments and is characterized by high integration degree and high intelligence. The adoption of the flaw detection system can greatly reduce the labor intensity of flaw detection personnel and enhance the reliability of detection, thus providing strong technical support for the flight safety of airplanes.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to Non-Destructive Testing inspection technique field, specifically, relates to a kind of smart flaw detection device that ultrasonic, eddy current, acoustic resistance are detected a flaw that integrates.
Background technology
Because many parts of aircraft are through the work under alternate load or even the high-temperature and high-pressure conditions of being everlasting, the failure rate of its fatigue crack is very high.In the long-term course of work, some structural members may crack; Some cementing structures phenomenon of may coming unglued.The existence of these problems has greatly influenced the integrality of each dependency structure of aircraft, and the flight safety of aircraft in serious threat.Utilize the nondestructive examination means to detect and find faults such as crackle, burn into come unglued in time, exactly,, reduce the aircraft maintenance cost of repairs, stop aircraft accident and all have crucial meaning for the flight safety that guarantees aircraft.
Nondestructive detecting instrument one class of widely using is complete analog instrument based on mimic channel now; Another kind of is to have adopted the digital instrument as the control maincenter such as single-chip microcomputer, industrial control board.Use these instruments to detect, not only require staff's method of operating of instrument on top of, also require them that sturdy etection theory basis is arranged; There is not abundant flaw detection experience to be difficult to proper working parameters is set at concrete detected object.And the study of the grasp of method of operating, etection theory, obtaining of flaw detection experience all need the long cycle.Simultaneously, the nondestructive examination flow of personnel is very big, and most flaw detection personnel work through training just are transferred to civilian work soon or are transferred, and technical force can not keep for a long time.Contradiction between the cycle of staff training flowabilities long and personnel are big has become one of subject matter of current Non-Destructive Testing existence.
Ultrasonic, eddy current testing method is the main method of present aeronautical maintenance nondestructive examination; The acoustic resistance defectoscopy is to check the unique method of bonded part at present.But present harmless flaw detector all is split type, i.e. the corresponding a kind of defectoscope of every kind of method of detection is as eddy current flaw detec, reflectoscope, acoustic resistance defectoscope.And the flaw detection of aircraft, engine structure spare needs the several different methods inspection, and flaw detection personnel inspection aircraft need carry a plurality of instruments to line inspection, and maneuverability is relatively poor; Original instrument is analog machine and general Intelligent Instrument, and man-machine conversation is poor; The conventional sense inconvenience; Data, result are difficult to preserve.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of intelligent failure detector, and is relatively poor in order to solve the split type defectoscope maneuverability that exists in the prior art, and the intelligent degree of defectoscope is low, the problem that flaw detection personnel's technical merit is had relatively high expectations.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of failure detector comprises that being used to send defect-detecting equipment selects signal, selects the flaw detection pattern and the main control equipment of the parameter that obtains to detect a flaw; Be used for selecting signal and according to described flaw detection parameter corresponding defect-detecting equipment being encouraged and receives the signal generating apparatus of the return signal of described defect-detecting equipment according to described defect-detecting equipment; Being used to receive described signal generating circuit handles the return signal of back output and it is carried out exporting to after the analog to digital conversion collecting device of described main control equipment, and the pumping signal that described signal generating apparatus is produced imposes on probe, with operation that thing to be detected is detected a flaw, and the signal that returns of receiving transducer, be sent to the defect-detecting equipment of described signal generating apparatus.
Wherein, can be connected communication by pci bus between described collecting device and the main control equipment; Can be connected communication by isa bus between described signal generating apparatus and the main control equipment.
Further, in described defect-detecting equipment, comprise ultrasound inspection head, eddy current test head and acoustic resistance flaw detection head at least.
Alternatively, described signal generating apparatus comprises ultrasonic transmission/reception circuit, eddy current transmission circuit and acoustic resistance transmission circuit, and described ultrasonic transmission/reception circuit, eddy current transmission circuit and acoustic resistance transmission circuit are connected described collecting device respectively.
Wherein, described ultrasonic transmission/reception circuit adopts binary channels to be connected with described collecting device, and one of them passage is the ultrasound signal transmission passage, and another passage is the clock synchronization passage.
Further again, described main control equipment preferably adopts multi-purpose computer to carry out system design.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present utility model and good effect are: failure detector of the present utility model with ultrasonic, eddy current, three system integrations of acoustic resistance in a system, replace three instruments of present use, had high integration and high-intelligentization characteristics.Adopt this failure detector, greatly alleviated flaw detection personnel's labour intensity, improved the reliability that detects, for aircraft safety provides strong technical guarantee.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall system block diagram of failure detector in the utility model;
Fig. 2 is the theory diagram of ultrasonic inspection submodule among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of synchronizing circuit among Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of radiating circuit among Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of receiving circuit among Fig. 2;
Fig. 6 is the theory diagram of eddy current test submodule among Fig. 1;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of bridge diagram among Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is the theory diagram of acoustic resistance flaw detection submodule among Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment of the present utility model is done explanation in further detail.
The utility model is integrated in ultrasonic, eddy current, three flaw detections of acoustic resistance subsystem in the system, realize the integrated and intelligent of failure detector by the smart flaw detection operation, its hardware is formed and is mainly comprised: include defect-detecting equipment, signal generating apparatus, collecting device and a main control equipment of a plurality of probes, as shown in Figure 1.
In described defect-detecting equipment, comprise at least: ultrasonic probe (being ultrasonic transducer), eddy current probe and acoustic resistance probe, its effect is the pumping signal that received signal generation circuit sends, and this pumping signal is applied on the object to be detected, and then with the signal feedback returned after the object effect to be detected to signal generating circuit.
In described signal generating apparatus, its signal generating circuit part mainly comprises ultrasonic transmission/reception circuit, eddy current transmission circuit and acoustic resistance transmission circuit, be mainly used to take place the pumping signal of certain frequency, amplitude, through conditioning, amplification, impose on probe, interact with object to be detected, and the signal that returns of receiving transducer, suitably be sent to the input end of analog signal of collecting device after the conditioning.Its another one critical function is in the ultrasonic inspection part, provides a synchronous triggering for waveform shows, to guarantee ultrasonic waveform stablizing on base line.In addition, conditioning work such as the filtering that detection signal is done, noise reduction, gain, decay are also finished by signal generating circuit.
In described collecting device, include a data acquisition card, after the analog detection signal that described capture card sends signal generating circuit carries out digitized processing, be transferred to last link---the main control equipment of system by the PCI high-speed bus.Here it may be noted that has two analog quantity transmission channels between ultrasonic transmission circuit and the capture card, one of them is used to transmit ultrasonic signal, and another passage is ultrasonic clock synchronization passage, and being used for capture card provides the triggering source to the collection of ultrasonic signal.
Described main control equipment can adopt general calculation machine or industrial computer to realize that it is the control maincenter of total system, also is the carrier of capture card and this failure detector software section.It is controlled capture card on the one hand, will carry out handling in real time and afterwards to detection signal on the other hand, and carry out operations such as sound and light alarm, storage print result of detection in needs.
In the utility model, in fact three transmission circuits of signal generating circuit part are integrated on the integrated circuit board, and it and capture card are inserted in respectively in the ISA slot and PCI slot of main control computer; Wherein, adopt the pci bus mode to communicate by letter between capture card and the main control computer, adopt I SA bus mode to communicate by letter between signal generating circuit integrated circuit board and the main control computer, and be connected by concentric cable between each probe and the apparatus main body.
Fig. 2 is the theory diagram of ultrasonic inspection submodule.The ultrasonic inspection submodule of this device is equivalent to an A type pulse reflection ultra-sonic defect detector, compares with this traditional quasi-instrument, and it has saved sweep circuit and oscillatron display circuit.
In traditional instrument, the trigger pulse that synchronizing circuit produces adds to sweep circuit and radiating circuit simultaneously, and sweep circuit is subjected to triggering for generating sawtooch sweep voltage, add to the oscillatron horizontal-deflection plate, make the deflection of electron beam occurred level, on video screen, produce horizontal scanning baseline, i.e. a base line.And the base line of the sub-instrument of ultrasonic inspection in this instrument is changed the problem that time in the past scale ratio can not change flexibly fully by software control.The demonstration of ultrasonic waveform is simultaneously also no longer finished by the oscillatron display circuit, but shows that by the waveform in the LabVIEW software control Wave Graph finishes, thereby makes the operator can observe waveform more flexibly.
As shown in Figure 2, the trigger pulse one road that synchronizing circuit produces is connected to the ultrasonic synchronizing channel of capture card, and another road is removed to trigger radiating circuit and produced wideband-short pulse, adds to probe, and the vibration of excitation piezoelectric chip produces ultrasound wave in object to be detected.Ultrasound wave is propagated in object to be detected, and running into defective or bottom surface will launch, when returning probe, changed into electric signal by piezoelectric chip again, amplify and detection through receiving, be transferred to the ultrasound signal path of capture card, and then transfer to main control computer and handle, show.
Synchronizing circuit promptly triggers wave circuit, and other circuit is worked without any confusion in a spike pulse triggering of its generation ultrasonic inspection submodule, is the commander in chief of whole ultrasonic flaw detection submodule.In traditional analog formula ultra-sonic defect detector, adopt square wave translation circuit, sinusoidal wave translation circuit or double base diode to finish the design of synchronizing circuit more.The monostalbe trigger 74LS221 that adopts input end to have the Schmidt circuit function in this instrument realizes having stronger antijamming capability.Synchronizing circuit schematic diagram of the present utility model is referring to shown in Figure 3, after initialize signal carries out twice anti-phase processing through two-stage schmitt inverter 74LS14, become burst pulse after triggering through monostalbe trigger 74LS221 again, the forward position of the burst pulse of this moment is steep not enough, and load capacity is not enough, so small-sized differential accelerating circuit that also needs process and resistance, electric capacity and the diode of door 74F08 and back to form, utilizing F series of high speed Devices Characteristics to improve the edge of pulse, and improve load capacity.The output pulse of this moment has met the requirement of subsequent conditioning circuit.
Radiating circuit utilizes the synchronizing signal of synchronizing circuit output and the high direct voltage of several hectovolts, produces the undersuing that is used to encourage ultrasonic probe, and principle as shown in Figure 4.Among the figure, resistance R 1, R2 and capacitor C 1 are formed differentiating circuit; Diode D1, D2 and resistance R 3 are used for the positive pulse behind the differential is partly removed; And potentiometer W1 and resistance R 4 constitute the damping circuit part, in order to adjust the energy of pulse.
Receiving circuit changes the electric signal of coming in order to receive ultrasonic echos such as end ripple, defect waves by transducer.In the ultrasonic receiving circuit part of this device, comprised amplifying circuit and received amplitude limiter circuit.
The sensitivity of the size of the height of driving voltage, tested workpiece material, defective and the degree of depth, sensor etc. all directly influences the size of flaw echoes.Generally, echoed signal is very faint, has therefore designed an amplifying circuit at receiving circuit.
Two kinds of detection modes are arranged usually: single probe mode and two probe mode in the Ultrasonic Detection.When detecting with single probe mode, emission sensor and receiving sensor are same sensor, so the high-voltage pulse of stimulus sensor will inevitably be coupled to receiving cable.Thereby make in the echoed signal that receives, not only comprise the echoed signal of carrying various defect information of returning, also comprise the narrow pulse signal significantly that directly is coupled and comes from driving source from tested object internal reflection.If this signal is not carried out amplitude limit, may damage the circuit component of receiving cable.So, must add the amplitude of amplitude limiter circuit with restricting signal at the front end of receiving circuit.
The high pressure driving pulse that a desirable amplitude limiter circuit limited amplitude is big, and the ultrasound detection signal not influence little to amplitude.In this device, adopted ultrasound wave shown in Figure 5 to receive amplitude limiter circuit.It has adopted two catching diode D1 and D2 reverse parallel connection, utilizes the characteristic of diode, respectively forward and the big pulse of negative sense is carried out amplitude limit.Because emitter follower N1, the N2 of this circuit are two-way, have removed the detection function of general receiving circuit, are convenient to carry out the all-wave collection, be better than the full wave analysis that half-wave is analyzed.
As seen, compare with traditional ultrasonic inspection instrument, this instrument has not only structurally been simplified much (capture card is shared by three estrade instruments), and observes also more flexible at operation and waveform.
Fig. 6 is the theory diagram of eddy current test submodule; Its transmission circuit comprises fore-end of being made up of oscillator, alternating current bridge, amplifier and the rear end part of being made up of phase shifter, wave detector, wave filter.The oscillator of front end produces the brachium pontis that alternating signal is supplied with electric bridge and probe coil composition, generally has a comparator coil to constitute another brachium pontis on the correspondence position of electric bridge.Behind the bridge balance, if there is defective in workpiece, the imbalance of electric bridge will produce a tiny signal output, enter the rear end conditioning part of transmission circuit after suitably amplifying through amplifier.Back-end circuit is after carrying out processing such as phase shift, phase sensitive detection and filtering to this signal, the eddy current signal input channel that enters capture card is at last transferred to main control computer and handled, shows.
The oscillator of fore-end forms eddy current in order to produce sinusoidal current in the excitation measured workpiece.Just can make the comparatively significant eddy current of generation in the workpiece because exciting current need have enough power, carry out the one-level amplification after therefore sinusoidal signal produces in oscillator.
This device adopts alternating current bridge to detect because the slight resistance variation that the defective of workpiece causes.Principle as shown in Figure 7.After intact district is with the electric bridge balancing, in case probe will be exported a unbalanced signal, this also needed just flaw indication near fault location.But generally, this signal is very faint, therefore before it enters rear end conditioning part, has designed amplifying circuit.Above-mentioned signal enters behind the rear end part and will finish further conditioning to signal by phase shifter, phase-sensitive detector (PSD) and wave filter.
Fig. 8 is the theory diagram of acoustic resistance flaw detection submodule, and its transmission circuit comprises the measuring amplifier of oscillator and amplifier thereof, acoustic resistance signal etc.
Oscillator is the initial link of transmission circuit, also is key link.The frequency of oscillator is selected for the mechanical impedance of distinguishing intact district and defect area very crucial.So, in acoustic resistance flaw detection submodule,, analyze and selected to help most detecting the excitation frequency of compound substance and composite component bonding quality according to the real background of aeronautical maintenance.The original signal that oscillator resonant circuit produces is comparatively faint usually, so be applied in pumping signal before the piezoelectric chip of transducer, has carried out the one-level amplification.
The acoustic resistance signal that the different everywhere mechanical impedance process piezoelectric chip of workpiece produces is generally comparatively faint.And capture card is after range is selected, and its AD conversion figure place has determined limited conversion accuracy, is difficult to usually the acoustic resistance signal is realized gathering smoothly.So, in transmission circuit, designed measuring amplifier, it has not only amplified faint acoustic resistance signal, and can suppress common mode interference, has reduced noise.
In the development of device, in order to realize its miniaturization and integrated, Ultrasonic Detection circuit, EDDY CURRENT circuit and acoustic resistance testing circuit are designed on an integrated circuit board, and is connected with main control computer by the ISA expansion slot, used power supply all is that computer power by ± 5V and ± 12V is converted in the testing circuit.
Certainly; above-mentioned explanation is not to be to restriction of the present utility model; the utility model also is not limited in above-mentioned giving an example, and variation, remodeling, interpolation or replacement that those skilled in the art are made in essential scope of the present utility model also should belong to protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (7)
1. failure detector is characterized in that: comprising:
Main control equipment sends defect-detecting equipment and selects signal, selects the flaw detection pattern and obtain the flaw detection parameter;
Signal generating apparatus connects described main control equipment, selects signal and flaw detection parameter corresponding defect-detecting equipment to be encouraged and receives the return signal of described defect-detecting equipment according to the defect-detecting equipment that described main control equipment sends;
Collecting device receives the return signal of described signal generating apparatus output and it is carried out exporting described main control equipment to after the analog to digital conversion;
Defect-detecting equipment, the pumping signal that described signal generating apparatus is produced imposes on probe, with operation that thing to be detected is detected a flaw, and the signal that returns of receiving transducer, be sent to described signal generating apparatus.
2. failure detector according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be connected communication by pci bus between described collecting device and the main control equipment.
3. failure detector according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be connected communication by isa bus between described signal generating apparatus and the main control equipment.
4. failure detector according to claim 1 is characterized in that: comprise ultrasound inspection head, eddy current test head and acoustic resistance flaw detection head in described defect-detecting equipment at least.
5. according to claim 1 or 3 described failure detectors, it is characterized in that: described signal generating apparatus comprises ultrasonic transmission/reception circuit, eddy current transmission circuit and acoustic resistance transmission circuit, connects described collecting device respectively.
6. failure detector according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described ultrasonic transmission/reception circuit adopts binary channels to be connected with described collecting device, and one of them passage is the ultrasound signal transmission passage, and another passage is the clock synchronization passage.
7. according to each described failure detector in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: described main control equipment is a multi-purpose computer.
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| CN2010201267252U CN201653985U (en) | 2010-03-02 | 2010-03-02 | Flaw detection system |
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| CN2010201267252U CN201653985U (en) | 2010-03-02 | 2010-03-02 | Flaw detection system |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105277618A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-27 | 成都标建铝业有限公司 | High-precision aluminum alloy plate crack detecting device |
| CN105353034A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-02-24 | 成都标建铝业有限公司 | Rapid flaw detection apparatus of aluminum alloy plate |
| CN105388213A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-03-09 | 成都标建铝业有限公司 | Aluminum alloy plate detection system based on wireless network |
| CN106290571A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2017-01-04 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of the cannot-harm-detection device being applicable to nonferromagnetic light sheet material weld seam |
| CN108760876A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-11-06 | 爱德森（厦门）电子有限公司 | A kind of device and method of conducing composite material bonding defect detection |
| CN109030625A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-12-18 | 爱德森（厦门）电子有限公司 | A kind of device and method of composite material bonding defect detection |
| CN114858105A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-08-05 | 广东省科学院工业分析检测中心 | Opening-adjustable clamping detection device and detection system |
| CN116299485A (en) * | 2023-05-16 | 2023-06-23 | 航天极创物联网研究院(南京)有限公司 | Ultrasonic sensor with high structural integration level |
-
2010
- 2010-03-02 CN CN2010201267252U patent/CN201653985U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105277618A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-27 | 成都标建铝业有限公司 | High-precision aluminum alloy plate crack detecting device |
| CN105353034A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-02-24 | 成都标建铝业有限公司 | Rapid flaw detection apparatus of aluminum alloy plate |
| CN105388213A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-03-09 | 成都标建铝业有限公司 | Aluminum alloy plate detection system based on wireless network |
| CN106290571A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2017-01-04 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of the cannot-harm-detection device being applicable to nonferromagnetic light sheet material weld seam |
| CN108760876A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-11-06 | 爱德森（厦门）电子有限公司 | A kind of device and method of conducing composite material bonding defect detection |
| CN109030625A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-12-18 | 爱德森（厦门）电子有限公司 | A kind of device and method of composite material bonding defect detection |
| CN109030625B (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2021-03-09 | 爱德森（厦门）电子有限公司 | Device and method for detecting bonding defects of composite material |
| CN114858105A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-08-05 | 广东省科学院工业分析检测中心 | Opening-adjustable clamping detection device and detection system |
| CN116299485A (en) * | 2023-05-16 | 2023-06-23 | 航天极创物联网研究院(南京)有限公司 | Ultrasonic sensor with high structural integration level |
| CN116299485B (en) * | 2023-05-16 | 2023-12-26 | 航天极创物联网研究院(南京)有限公司 | Ultrasonic sensor with high structural integration level |
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Granted publication date: 20101124 Termination date: 20110302 |