CN108947506A - 一种建筑用隔音材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于建筑材料技术领域,公开了一种建筑用隔音材料,包括如下重量份的原料:硅藻土10‑20份、粉煤灰10‑15份、中空陶瓷微球7‑15份、氧化钙5‑10份、有机纤维5‑10份、聚苯乙烯5‑10份、纳米炭黑3‑8份、增塑剂1‑5份、发泡剂1‑5份。本发明建筑用隔音材料具有很高的吸音隔音能力,有效的降低噪音,同时该建筑隔音材料具有优异的机械性能,且重量轻、便于安装,具有良好的环保效果,适用于建筑等方面,降噪效果持久,不污染室内环境,且加工成型方便、成型方法多样、产品外形设计自由度高、弹性优良、耐化学腐蚀、着色方便、可回收利用等特点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑材料技术领域,特别涉及一种建筑用隔音材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
传统的建筑混凝土是用水泥作胶凝材料,砂、石作集料,与水按一定配比搅拌成型,具有施工简便、强度高等特点被广泛应用,但随着用户需求的提高,对于建筑材料隔音性能的要求越来越高,隔音材料一般要求密度高、厚度大等,目前市场上的复合建筑材料密度较小,施工完成后隔音效果不明显,为了达到隔音的目的,往往通过在建筑物墙面加装隔音棉或隔音层实现,造价高,且增加了建筑施工难度。
隔音材料是指能够阻断声音传播或减弱透射声能的一类材料、构件或结构,其特征在于质量较重密度较高。隔音材料品类繁多,比较常见的有实心砖块、钢筋混凝土墙、木板、石膏板、铁板、隔音毡、纤维板等,但这些隔音材料通常具有环保性差或隔音性能不理想等弊病。因此,需要对现有的建筑隔音材料进行改进,以增强其吸音、隔音处理的效果,以减弱透射声能、阻挡声音的传播,并且在材料的环保及质量上进行改进,以达到一种环保轻质的建筑隔音材料满足建筑物声环境的保护需求。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是克服上述缺陷,提供一种建筑用隔音材料及其制备方法。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明的技术方案为:
一种建筑用隔音材料,包括如下重量份的原料:硅藻土10-20份、粉煤灰10-15份、中空陶瓷微球7-15份、氧化钙5-10份、有机纤维5-10份、聚苯乙烯5-10份、纳米炭黑3-8份、增塑剂1-5份、发泡剂1-5份。
优选的,一种建筑用隔音材料,包括如下重量份的原料:硅藻土15份、粉煤灰12份、中空陶瓷微球10份、氧化钙8份、有机纤维8份、聚苯乙烯8份、纳米炭黑5份、增塑剂3份、发泡剂3份。
优选的,所述有机纤维为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯纤维和聚苯硫醚纤维的质量比为2:3的混合物。
优选的,所述增塑剂为镁盐晶须、碳酸钙晶须、硫酸钙晶须、碳酸钾晶须中的至少一种。
本发明的另一目的,提供一种建筑用隔音材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)按配方将硅藻土、粉煤灰、中空陶瓷微球、氧化钙、聚苯乙烯、纳米炭黑放入球磨机,磨球选用直径为10-15mm的氧化铝磨球,之后过100目筛,得到混合物A;
(2)将步骤(1)混合物A加入高压均质机中,按配方加入增塑剂、发泡剂,在20-24MPa、60-80℃下搅拌30min;
(3)将均质后的物料放入石墨模具中;在N2气氛保护下,以15-30℃/min的升温速率加热至800-1000℃,加压25MPa,保温保压0.5-3h,热压烧结;粉碎后送入双螺杆挤出机造粒,即得建筑用隔音材料。
优选的,步骤(1)所述氧化铝磨球和物料的质量比为6:1。
与现有技术相比本发明的有益效果是:
本发明制得的建筑用隔音材料具有很高的吸音隔音能力,有效的降低噪音,同时该建筑隔音材料具有优异的机械性能,且重量轻、便于安装,具有良好的环保效果,适用于建筑等方面,降噪效果持久,不污染室内环境,且加工成型方便、成型方法多样、产品外形设计自由度高、弹性优良、耐化学腐蚀、着色方便、可回收利用等特点。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步说明。在此需要说明的是,对于这些实施方式的说明用于帮助理解本发明,但并不构成对本发明的限定。此外,下面所描述的本发明各个实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。
实施例1
一种建筑用隔音材料,包括如下重量份的原料:硅藻土10份、粉煤灰10份、中空陶瓷微球7份、氧化钙5份、有机纤维5份、聚苯乙烯5份、纳米炭黑3份、镁盐晶须1份、发泡剂1份。
一种建筑用隔音材料的制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
(1)按配方将硅藻土、粉煤灰、中空陶瓷微球、氧化钙、聚苯乙烯、纳米炭黑放入球磨机,磨球选用直径为10mm的氧化铝磨球,之后过100目筛,得到混合物A;
(2)将步骤(1)混合物A加入高压均质机中,按配方加入增塑剂、发泡剂,在20MPa、60℃下搅拌30min;
(3)将均质后的物料放入石墨模具中;在N2气氛保护下,以15℃/min的升温速率加热至800℃,加压25MPa,保温保压3h,热压烧结;粉碎后送入双螺杆挤出机造粒,即得建筑用隔音材料。
实施例2
一种建筑用隔音材料,包括如下重量份的原料:硅藻土15份、粉煤灰12份、中空陶瓷微球10份、氧化钙8份、有机纤维8份、聚苯乙烯8份、纳米炭黑5份、碳酸钙晶须2份、硫酸钙晶须1份、发泡剂3份。
一种建筑用隔音材料的制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
(1)按配方将硅藻土、粉煤灰、中空陶瓷微球、氧化钙、聚苯乙烯、纳米炭黑放入球磨机,磨球选用直径为10-15mm的氧化铝磨球,之后过100目筛,得到混合物A;
(2)将步骤(1)混合物A加入高压均质机中,按配方加入增塑剂、发泡剂,在22MPa、70℃下搅拌30min;
(3)将均质后的物料放入石墨模具中;在N2气氛保护下,以20℃/min的升温速率加热至1000℃,加压25MPa,保温保压2h,热压烧结;粉碎后送入双螺杆挤出机造粒,即得建筑用隔音材料。
实施例3
一种建筑用隔音材料,包括如下重量份的原料:硅藻土20份、粉煤灰15份、中空陶瓷微球15份、氧化钙10份、有机纤维10份、聚苯乙烯10份、纳米炭黑8份、镁盐晶须3份、碳酸钙晶须1份、碳酸钾晶须1份、发泡剂5份。
一种建筑用隔音材料的制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
(1)按配方将硅藻土、粉煤灰、中空陶瓷微球、氧化钙、聚苯乙烯、纳米炭黑放入球磨机,磨球选用直径为15mm的氧化铝磨球,之后过100目筛,得到混合物A;
(2)将步骤(1)混合物A加入高压均质机中,按配方加入增塑剂、发泡剂,在24MPa、80℃下搅拌30min;
(3)将均质后的物料放入石墨模具中;在N2气氛保护下,以30℃/min的升温速率加热至1000℃,加压25MPa,保温保压0.5h,热压烧结;粉碎后送入双螺杆挤出机造粒,即得建筑用隔音材料。
以上为本发明较佳实施例,只适用于帮助理解本发明实施例的原理;同时,对于本领域的一般技术人员,依据本实施例,在具体实施方式以及应用范围上均会有改变之处,综上所述,本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。
Claims (6)
1.一种建筑用隔音材料,其特征在于,包括如下重量份的原料:硅藻土10-20份、粉煤灰10-15份、中空陶瓷微球7-15份、氧化钙5-10份、有机纤维5-10份、聚苯乙烯5-10份、纳米炭黑3-8份、增塑剂1-5份、发泡剂1-5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的建筑用隔音材料,其特征在于:包括如下重量份的原料:硅藻土15份、粉煤灰12份、中空陶瓷微球10份、氧化钙8份、有机纤维8份、聚苯乙烯8份、纳米炭黑5份、增塑剂3份、发泡剂3份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的建筑用隔音材料,其特征在于:所述有机纤维为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯纤维和聚苯硫醚纤维的质量比为2:3的混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的建筑用隔音材料,其特征在于:所述增塑剂为镁盐晶须、碳酸钙晶须、硫酸钙晶须、碳酸钾晶须中的至少一种。
5.一种权利要求1所述的建筑用隔音材料的制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
(1)按配方将硅藻土、粉煤灰、中空陶瓷微球、氧化钙、聚苯乙烯、纳米炭黑放入球磨机,磨球选用直径为10-15mm的氧化铝磨球,之后过100目筛,得到混合物A;
(2)将步骤(1)混合物A加入高压均质机中,按配方加入增塑剂、发泡剂,在20-24MPa、60-80℃下搅拌30min;
(3)将均质后的物料放入石墨模具中;在N2气氛保护下,以15-30℃/min的升温速率加热至800-1000℃,加压25MPa,保温保压0.5-3h,热压烧结;粉碎后送入双螺杆挤出机造粒,即得建筑用隔音材料。
6.根据权利要求1所述的建筑用隔音材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)所述氧化铝磨球和物料的质量比为6:1。
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