CN108935935A - Cray shelling breeding feed - Google Patents
Cray shelling breeding feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN108935935A CN108935935A CN201810873016.1A CN201810873016A CN108935935A CN 108935935 A CN108935935 A CN 108935935A CN 201810873016 A CN201810873016 A CN 201810873016A CN 108935935 A CN108935935 A CN 108935935A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/14—Pretreatment of feeding-stuffs with enzymes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
- A23K10/38—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material from distillers' or brewers' waste
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/24—Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/28—Silicates, e.g. perlites, zeolites or bentonites
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention proposes a kind of cray shelling breeding feeds, according to the number of parts by weight, including following raw material: 40~50 parts of corn flour, 4~8 parts of fish powder, 20~30 parts of oatmeal, 10~20 parts of dregs of beans, 10~20 parts of beer groove, 15~25 parts of pluck powder, 1~3 part of soybean lecithin, 4~8 parts of zeolite powder, 0.2~0.8 part of microelement and 0.5~1.5 part of feed addictive;Wherein, feed addictive is mainly obtained by Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, fructus lycii, cape jasmine, fennel, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, beggar-ticks, hawthorn and cicada by fermentation of bacillus subtilis.The feed can be improved shelling during cray immunity, shorten shelling the time, substantially reduce the shell phase cray death rate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizers, and in particular to a kind of cray shelling breeding feed.
Background technique
Freshwater crayfish is the animal of typical omnivorousness.It had not only eaten green grass, water plant, but also ate grain trough and animal feeding
Material.The pure natural organics forage feed such as artificial propagation aquatic organism, toy and planting aquatic plants is taken, than the commodity of purchase
Feed palatability is good, full of nutrition, fresh delicious, can not have to purchase mixed feed completely.Both it can avoid because of commercial feed
The oxious components such as hormone are exceeded, guarantee commodity lobster green non-pollution, and can make the feed investment for saving writing every year.
The growth of cray is realized by shell.Shell is the important symbol of cray growth.Cray and its
His crustacean is the same, it is necessary to which the crust for sloughing off body surface could complete the growth of its mutability.According to the activity of cray and ingest
Situation, moulting cycle can be divided into intermolt, proecdysis, ecdysis and postmolt four-stage.The interphase that shells is small
Lobster is the stage of growth accumulation nutriment, and the shrimp ingests vigorous in this stage, and crust is gradually hardened;Shell early period is from small
Lobster stops having ingested to beginning shell and stop, this stage is that cray is prepared for shell.Cray stops ingesting, in crust
Calcium shifted to calcium stone, internal calcium stone becomes larger, and crust is thinning, softens, and separates with inner cortex layer.The shell phase is from cray
Shell of lying on one's side starts until crust is sloughed off completely, this phase duration about a few minutes to more than ten minutes etc., Wo Menguan
What is observed is most at 5~10 minutes, and then cray is easily dead for overlong time.The shell later period is taken the photograph to after cray shell
Food stops, this stage is the process that the crust of cray is developed from cortical layer to crust.Moisture enters in vivo from cortex, and body increases
Weight increases;The calcium of calcium stone is shifted to cortical layer, and cortical layer is hardened, thickens, and becomes crust, internal calcium stone finally becomes very little.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of cray shelling breeding feed, the feed
It can be improved the immunity of cray during shelling, shorten the shelling time, substantially reduce the shell phase cray death rate.
The technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:
A kind of cray shelling breeding feed, according to the number of parts by weight, including following raw material:
40~50 parts of corn flour, 4~8 parts of fish powder, 20~30 parts of oatmeal, 10~20 parts of dregs of beans, beer groove 10~20
Part, 15~25 parts of pluck powder, 1~3 part of soybean lecithin, 4~8 parts of zeolite powder, 0.2~0.8 part of microelement and feeding
0.5~1.5 part of feed additives;Wherein, the feed addictive mainly by Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, fructus lycii, cape jasmine, fennel, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, beggar-ticks,
Hawthorn and cicada obtain by fermentation of bacillus subtilis.
Preferably, the preparation method of the feed addictive, comprising the following steps:
1) according to the number of parts by weight, weigh each raw material: 15~25 parts of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, 15~25 parts of fructus lycii, 10~20 parts of cape jasmine,
8~16 parts of fennel, 8~16 parts of Radix Angelicae Sinensis, 5~10 parts of beggar-ticks, 4~8 parts of hawthorn and 4~8 parts of cicada, it is spare;
2) after being mixed the raw material in addition to cicada plus water carries out boiling, and filtrate and filter residue is obtained by filtration;Filter residue is put into
It in beater and suitable quantity of water is added carries out mashing processing, obtain slurries, slurries are warming up to 40~60 DEG C, cellulose is then added
Enzyme is digested, and enzymolysis liquid is obtained;Cicada is smashed into processing and obtains cicada powder;
3) filtrate, enzymolysis liquid and cicada powder are mixed to get suspension, bacillus subtilis culture is added into suspension
Then base is inoculated with bacillus subtilis and ferments, fermentation temperature is 25~28 DEG C, and fermentation time is 15~20h, terminates hair
Fermentation liquid progress low temperature is concentrated to get medicinal extract by ferment.
It can not only efficiently use filtrate to feed addictive preparation method of the invention, and will general unused residue
It is utilized by digesting with fermentation, on the one hand makes fermentation obtain Chinese medicine additive and be easy to be digested and assimilated in cray body,
On the other hand also promote bacillus subtilis oneself expression secretion of phytase, amylase etc., so that additive inhibits fungal disease,
The poisonous and harmful substance in aquaculture pond is decomposed, improves the immunity and antiviral ability of cray, moreover it is possible to promote cray pair
The digestion and absorption of feed.
Preferably, the additive amount of the bacillus subtilis is the 3~6% of the weight of the suspension.
Preferably, the bacillus subtilis bacterium culture medium specifically: dregs of beans 10wt%, wheat bran 4wt%, urea 1.5wt%,
Yeast powder 2wt%, corn flour 8wt%, molasses 10wt%, magnesium sulfate 0.8wt%, add sterile water to 100wt%.
Preferably, the additive amount of the cellulase in step 2) is the 0.2~0.4% of slurry weight.
Preferably, the microelement is one or more in manganese, silicon, boron, zinc, iron or magnesium.
The preparation method of cray shelling breeding feed of the invention: above-mentioned raw materials are weighed according to the proportion, are uniformly mixed, so
It pelletizes at 80~90 DEG C afterwards.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, the ingredients such as feed of the invention amino acid rich in, vitamin, minerals, microelement, contain there are many
Nutriment, formula science, nutrition is comprehensive, can not only maintain albumen and energy balance, effectively increases the immune of cray
Power improves its digestive system, improves cultivation success rate, and guarantee without containing chemicals such as growth hormone and antibiotic
The quality of cray, improves edible safety.Contain cicada in additive, cicada passes through the object after fermentation of bacillus subtilis
Matter may advantageously facilitate the calcium in crust and shift to calcium stone, and internal calcium stone becomes larger, and crust is thinning, softens, and divides with inner cortex layer
From the shelling time shortens 30% or more.
2, according to the growth characteristic of cray, be susceptible to suffer from illness and feeding is accustomed to, feed addictive of the invention mainly selects
Natural, safety medicinal herb components, it then follows the configuration criteria of " monarch " has finally been determined through repetition test and verifying
The type and optimum amount of herbal medicine, so that it is wherein synergistic between various traditional Chinese medicine ingredients, it mutually promotes, has reached the small dragon of raising
The technical effect of shrimp anti-stress ability and immunity during shelling.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of feed addictive, comprising the following steps:
1) according to the number of parts by weight, weigh each raw material: 15 parts of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, 25 parts of fructus lycii, 10 parts of cape jasmine, 16 parts of fennel, when
Return 8 parts, 5 parts of beggar-ticks, 4 parts of hawthorn and 4 parts of cicada, it is spare;
2) after being mixed the raw material in addition to cicada plus water carries out boiling, and filtrate and filter residue is obtained by filtration;Filter residue is put into
In beater and suitable quantity of water be added carry out mashing processing, obtain slurries, slurries are warming up to 40 DEG C, be then added cellulase into
Row enzymatic hydrolysis, obtains enzymolysis liquid;The additive amount of cellulase is the 0.2% of slurry weight;Cicada is smashed into processing and obtains cicada powder.
3) filtrate, enzymolysis liquid and cicada powder are mixed to get suspension, bacillus subtilis culture is added into suspension
Base, then inoculation is that 3% bacillus subtilis of the weight of the suspension is fermented, and fermentation temperature is 25 DEG C, fermentation
Time is 20h, terminates fermentation, and fermentation liquid progress low temperature is concentrated to get medicinal extract.Bacillus subtilis bacterium culture medium is specific
Are as follows: dregs of beans 10wt%, wheat bran 4wt%, urea 1.5wt%, yeast powder 2wt%, corn flour 8wt%, molasses 10wt%, magnesium sulfate
0.8wt%, add sterile water to 100wt%.
Embodiment 2
Feed addictive, comprising the following steps:
1) each raw material: 25 parts of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, 15 parts of fructus lycii, 20 parts of cape jasmine, 8 parts of fennel, Radix Angelicae Sinensis according to the number of parts by weight, is weighed
16 parts, 10 parts of beggar-ticks, 8 parts of hawthorn and 8 parts of cicada, it is spare;
2) after being mixed the raw material in addition to cicada plus water carries out boiling, and filtrate and filter residue is obtained by filtration;Filter residue is put into
In beater and suitable quantity of water be added carry out mashing processing, obtain slurries, slurries are warming up to 60 DEG C, be then added cellulase into
Row enzymatic hydrolysis, obtains enzymolysis liquid;The additive amount of cellulase is the 0.4% of slurry weight;Cicada is smashed into processing and obtains cicada powder.
3) filtrate, enzymolysis liquid and cicada powder are mixed to get suspension, bacillus subtilis culture is added into suspension
Base, then inoculation is that 6% bacillus subtilis of the weight of the suspension is fermented, and fermentation temperature is 28 DEG C, fermentation
Time is 15h, terminates fermentation, and fermentation liquid progress low temperature is concentrated to get medicinal extract.Bacillus subtilis bacterium culture medium is specific
Are as follows: dregs of beans 10wt%, wheat bran 4wt%, urea 1.5wt%, yeast powder 2wt%, corn flour 8wt%, molasses 10wt%, magnesium sulfate
0.8wt%, add sterile water to 100wt%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cray shelling breeding feed, according to the number of parts by weight, including following raw material:
It is 46 parts of corn flour, 6 parts of fish powder, 24 parts of oatmeal, 16 parts of dregs of beans, 14 parts of beer groove, 20 parts of pluck powder, big
0.6 part of 2 parts of beans lecithin, 6 parts of zeolite powder, manganese, zinc and iron and 1 part of the feed addictive of embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
A kind of cray shelling breeding feed, according to the number of parts by weight, including following raw material:
It is 40 parts of corn flour, 4 parts of fish powder, 30 parts of oatmeal, 20 parts of dregs of beans, 10 parts of beer groove, 15 parts of pluck powder, big
1 part of beans lecithin, 4 parts of zeolite powder, 0.5 part of feed addictive of 0.2 part of microelement and embodiment 2.Microelement be manganese,
Silicon, boron, zinc and iron.
Embodiment 5
A kind of cray shelling breeding feed, according to the number of parts by weight, including following raw material:
It is 50 parts of corn flour, 8 parts of fish powder, 20 parts of oatmeal, 10 parts of dregs of beans, 20 parts of beer groove, 25 parts of pluck powder, big
3 parts of beans lecithin, 8 parts of zeolite powder, 1.5 parts of feed addictive of 0.8 part of microelement and embodiment 1.Microelement be manganese,
Silicon, boron, zinc and magnesium.
Test example
400 healthy shelling interphase crays, are randomly divided into 4 groups, experimental group 1, experimental group 2, experimental group 3 are respectively adopted
The cray of forage feed shelling interphase containing embodiment 3, embodiment 4, embodiment 5, control group (are free of using common shrimp feed
The feed addictive of the application) it feeds.Cray is observed and recorded in the death rate of shell phase.
1 shell phase of the table cray death rate
Index | Control group | Experimental group 1 | Experimental group 2 | Experimental group 3 |
The death rate (%) | 25.3 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
- The breeding feed 1. a kind of cray shells, which is characterized in that according to the number of parts by weight, including following raw material:40~50 parts of corn flour, 20~30 parts of oatmeal, 10~20 parts of dregs of beans, 10~20 parts of beer groove, moves 4~8 parts of fish powder 15~25 parts of object visceral meal, 1~3 part of soybean lecithin, 4~8 parts of zeolite powder, 0.2~0.8 part of microelement and feed addition 0.5~1.5 part of agent;Wherein, the feed addictive mainly by Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, fructus lycii, cape jasmine, fennel, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, beggar-ticks, hawthorn and Cicada obtains by fermentation of bacillus subtilis.
- The breeding feed 2. cray according to claim 1 shells, which is characterized in that the preparation side of the feed addictive Method, comprising the following steps:1) each raw material: 15~25 parts of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, 15~25 parts of fructus lycii, 10~20 parts of cape jasmine, fennel according to the number of parts by weight, is weighed 8~16 parts, 8~16 parts of Radix Angelicae Sinensis, 5~10 parts of beggar-ticks, 4~8 parts of hawthorn and 4~8 parts of cicada, it is spare;2) after being mixed the raw material in addition to cicada plus water carries out boiling, and filtrate and filter residue is obtained by filtration;Filter residue is put into mashing In machine and suitable quantity of water be added carry out mashing processing, obtain slurries, slurries are warming up to 40~60 DEG C, be then added cellulase into Row enzymatic hydrolysis, obtains enzymolysis liquid;Cicada is smashed into processing and obtains cicada powder;3) filtrate, enzymolysis liquid and cicada powder are mixed to get suspension, bacillus subtilis bacterium culture medium are added into suspension, so Inoculation bacillus subtilis is fermented afterwards, and fermentation temperature is 25~28 DEG C, and fermentation time is 15~20h, is terminated fermentation, will be sent out Zymotic fluid carries out low temperature and is concentrated to get medicinal extract.
- The breeding feed 3. cray according to claim 2 shells, which is characterized in that the addition of the bacillus subtilis Amount is the 3~6% of the weight of the suspension.
- The breeding feed 4. cray according to claim 2 shells, which is characterized in that the bacillus subtilis bacterium culture medium Specifically: dregs of beans 10wt%, wheat bran 4wt%, urea 1.5wt%, yeast powder 2wt%, corn flour 8wt%, molasses 10wt%, sulphur Sour magnesium 0.8wt%, add sterile water to 100wt%.
- The breeding feed 5. cray according to claim 2 shells, which is characterized in that the cellulase in step 2) Additive amount be slurry weight 0.2~0.4%.
- The breeding feed 6. cray according to claim 1 shells, which is characterized in that the microelement be manganese, silicon, It is one or more in boron, zinc, iron or magnesium.
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CN111317075A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-23 | 盐城工学院 | Crayfish feed and preparation method and application thereof |
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CN111317075A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-23 | 盐城工学院 | Crayfish feed and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20181207 |
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