CN108934510A - Walnut height stake engrafting method - Google Patents

Walnut height stake engrafting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108934510A
CN108934510A CN201810765952.0A CN201810765952A CN108934510A CN 108934510 A CN108934510 A CN 108934510A CN 201810765952 A CN201810765952 A CN 201810765952A CN 108934510 A CN108934510 A CN 108934510A
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scion
walnut
stock
layer
grafting
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龚必烽
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Xingren Yifeng Thin Shell Walnut Technology Co Ltd
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Xingren Yifeng Thin Shell Walnut Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201810765952.0A priority Critical patent/CN108934510A/en
Publication of CN108934510A publication Critical patent/CN108934510A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00Vegetative propagation
    • A01G2/30Grafting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N3/00Preservation of plants or parts thereof, e.g. inhibiting evaporation, improvement of the appearance of leaves or protection against physical influences such as UV radiation using chemical compositions; Grafting wax
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N3/00Preservation of plants or parts thereof, e.g. inhibiting evaporation, improvement of the appearance of leaves or protection against physical influences such as UV radiation using chemical compositions; Grafting wax
    • A01N3/04Grafting-wax

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to planting technical fields, specifically walnut height stake engrafting method, the scion of cutting is first discharged water, it avoids due to band dilutional hyponatremia, scion is caused to be rotted, high temperature immersion is carried out to scion with heteroauxin solution, inhibit the continued growth of scion, reduce its cell activity, it is sealed with wax again, and carry out cryopreservation, reduce the growth activity of scion, promote its suspend mode, it is more advantageous to the grafting in later period, before scion grafting, first scion is impregnated with gibberellin and the basic element of cell division, the dormant state of scion is broken, the basic element of cell division promotes differentiation and the cell expansion of bud, to promote the growth of scion after grafting, be conducive to surviving for scion, scion seedling selection is Guizhou Province walnut No. 5, No. 6, No. 7 or No. 8 any one, there is plantation history for many years, second after ensuring to graft Year can fruiting.

Description

Walnut height stake engrafting method
Technical field
The invention belongs to planting technical fields, specifically walnut height stake engrafting method.
Background technique
Walnut also known as English walnut, Qiang peach are to cultivate most commonly used one kind both at home and abroad.Deciduous tree is generally set high by 10~20 Rice reaches as high as 30 meters or more, and 1 meter of trunk diameter or so, the service life is up to 100 or two hundred years, and longest was up to 500 years or more.Tree crown is big And open a business, semicircular in shape or globular model, diameter is up to 6~9 meters.Bark canescence is to dark brown, and treelet bark is smooth, and veteran has not The shallow lobe of rule.Branch is sturdy, smooth, and in green, early spring can also slightly take on a red color spray nascent, stop it is long after become bright grey or Taupe, white hole skin.Annual shoot marrow is larger, and xylem is soft, and later with the increase at age, marrow is gradually become smaller. Leaf is imparipinnate leaf, and alternate is 30~40 centimetres long, and compound leaf handle is circle, and base portion hypertrophy has gland point, and leaf scar is big after falling off, It is triangular in shape.Leaflet 5-9 piece, oblong, obovate or oval have short handle, the micro- prominent point of apex, leaf margin full edge or the micro- saw of tool Tooth.
How rounded mixed bud is, and vegetative bud is triangle, is in flakey, is born in along between armpit.It is the different flower of monoecism, different ripe, Male inflorescence is that catkin is sagging, and 8-12 centimetres long, perianth 6 is split, and the little Hua number of each male inflorescence can up to 100 or more, Often stopping little Hua has 12-26 pieces of stamen, and filigree is extremely short, is apricot when anther maturation.The raw branch top of 1-3 collection of female flower, perianth 4 are split, Column cap 2 is split, and occasionally has 3-4 to split, and is in pinniform contrary flexure, light green color or pink, dense fine and soft hair outside ovary, a Room, bottom.Fruit For art fruit, round or oblong, 4-5 centimetres of diameter, exocarp is thin, and surface is smooth or tool fine hair, green have yellow-white spot;In Pericarp meat;Endocarp sclerotin (referred to as shell) surface has ditch or wrinkle, has one piece of seed, referred to as kernel in shell, instant With part, obvious or unconspicuous train of thought is had by thin kind of skin of light yellow or yellowish-brown thereon in brain shape.
In recent years as people are to the understanding of walnut nutritious value, walnut price is higher and higher, is badly in need of in production a large amount of high-quality The Walnut Cultivars of stable yields, now with the excellent variety nursery stock that is grafted at excellent variety and culturing and planting of seedling tree reconfiguration be Preferably most fast approach.However, walnut grafting, due to being influenced by bleeding and tanning matter, grafting difficulty is big, technical requirements are high. Therefore, walnut grafting is a master in current domestic walnut scientific research in a most active field and walnut High-quality Cultivation Want technical problem.
In China Guizhou province, introduces a large amount of new varieties walnuts and planted, due to soil property, lead to large area new product Kind of walnut growing way is vigorous, but loses fruiting or fruiting is seldom, therefore, invents a kind of walnut height stake for the new varieties Engrafting method can help orchard worker's very good solution problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide walnut height stake engrafting method, this method can be good at solving a large amount of kinds of Guizhou province The problem of new varieties walnut growth of plant is vigorous, low output or even not fruiting, avoids orchard worker for current walnut and cuts down it After the problem of planting original kind, save the time for orchard worker, create economic benefit.
The invention discloses walnut height stake engrafting methods, comprising the following steps:
1) scion is chosen: select walnut one, it is biennial, abundant it is mature, have and enrich full axillary bud branch as scion, The blade on branch is cut, petiole, the long 7~10cm of petiole are retained;
2) it discharges water: discharging water branch is In Shade, the time is 7~10 days, until incision is without obvious water outlet Only;
3) inhibit growth: under the high temperature conditions, impregnating the branch after discharging water with heteroauxin solution, slow down the growth of branch Speed;
4) scion is sealed with wax: paraffin being put into iron pan, and puts water appropriate into, about the 1/3 of paraffin solvent, is heated paraffin Melt, when the mixed liquor transpiration of paraffin and water is boiled, one, scion is put into pot and is quickly removed, after cooling, is changed in addition One is put into pot and quickly removes, and makes one layer of uniform paraffin layer in entire scion bag;
5) scion is stored: the scion after sealing with wax being placed in 0~5 DEG C, is stored under cool environment;
6) selection of stock: choosing growth year in 1~2 year when the March of same year, low output even not fruiting Walnut cuts out its tree crown, and leave tree trunk portion;
7) scion activates: fringe bar to be taken out before grafting, is warming up to room temperature naturally, the scion lower part that will seal with wax is whittled into inclined-plane, It is placed in soak at room temperature in gibberellin and basic element of cell division solution;
8) graft: stock first removes one layer of epidermis, then perpendicular knife fried mouth, and scion, which is stayed, opens skin after 2 buds, oblique knife notch and be plugged on stock On, it slots downwards and discharges water from top at the back side of stock grafting mouth, film package binding;
9) it reinforces: to carrying out binding reinforcing at grafting after three months.
Preferably, in step 1), the time for being selected in scion under cutting out is 15 days before the annual Lantern Festival, and scion walnut is Guizhou Province core Peach No. 5, No. 6, No. 7 or No. 8 any one.
Preferably, in step 3), heteroauxin solution temperature is 30~35 DEG C, and concentration is 20~30mg/L, soaking time For 8~12h.
Preferably, in step 6), walnut cuts out trunk diameter at tree crown, and, in 10~12cm, setting trunk diameter is more than 12cm , it is cut out at each 10~12cm of Branch diameter;
Preferably, in step 7), gibberellin and basic element of cell division ratio are 1:1, and concentration is 5~10mg/L, when immersion Between 4~6h.
Preferably, in step 8), grafting outermost layer is scion tree skin layer, and layer second from the bottom is stock tree skin layer, Zhi Houwei Scionwood inclined-plane layer, innermost layer are stock trunk, and a length of 50~100mm in stock fluting dewatering outlet, width are 2~3mm.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, walnut height stake engrafting method of the present invention, the scion of cutting is first discharged water, and is avoided due to band dilutional hyponatremia, is led Scion is caused to rot.
2, walnut height stake engrafting method of the present invention carries out high temperature immersion to scion with heteroauxin solution, it is suppressed that scion Continued growth, reduce its cell activity, then be sealed with wax to it, and carry out cryopreservation, reduce the growth of scion Activity promotes its suspend mode, is conducive to the grafting in later period.
3, walnut height stake engrafting method of the present invention, before scion grafting, first with gibberellin and the basic element of cell division to scion into Row impregnates, and gibberellin has broken the dormant state of scion, and the basic element of cell division promotes differentiation and the cell expansion of bud, to promote to transfer Connect the growth of rear scion.
4, walnut height stake engrafting method of the present invention, the new branch current year after grafting can grow 1.5-3 meters, solid using binding Fixed mode, avoid scion growth it is too fast, caused shoot is due to strong wind breakage phenomenon.
5, walnut height stake engrafting method of the present invention, grafting outermost layer are scion tree skin layer, and layer second from the bottom is stock bark Layer, is later scionwood inclined-plane layer, and innermost layer is the mode of stock trunk, increases the contact area of stock and scion, also increases Add nutrient delivery area, is more conducive to surviving for scion.
6, walnut height stake engrafting method of the present invention, scion seedling selection is Guizhou Province walnut No. 5, No. 6, No. 7, No. 8, has been had Plantation history for many years, it is ensured that second year can fruiting after grafting.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the stock grafting notch schematic diagram of walnut height stake engrafting method of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described in detail With reference to embodiment, but technical solution provided by the invention It not only include the content showed in embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Walnut height stake engrafting method is present embodiments provided, detailed process is as follows:
1, scion is chosen: 15 days before the Lantern Festival, selecting Guizhou Province walnut No. 5 one, biennial, abundant mature, tool to enrich full Full axillary bud branch cuts the blade on branch as scion, retains petiole, the long 7cm of petiole;
2, it discharges water: discharging water branch is In Shade, the time is 7 days, until incision is without obvious water outlet;
3, inhibit growth: being 30 DEG C with temperature, concentration is that the heteroauxin solution of 20mg/L impregnates the branch after discharging water, leaching The bubble time is 8h, to slow down the speed of growth of branch;
4, scion is sealed with wax: paraffin being put into iron pan, and puts water appropriate into, about the 1/3 of paraffin solvent, is heated paraffin Melt, when the mixed liquor transpiration of paraffin and water is boiled, one, scion is put into pot and is quickly removed, after cooling, is changed in addition One is put into pot and quickly removes, and makes one layer of uniform paraffin layer in entire scion bag;
5, scion is stored: the scion after sealing with wax being placed in 0 DEG C, is stored under cool environment;
6, the selection of stock: choosing growth year in 1 year when the March in the same year, the low output even not walnut of fruiting, Its tree crown is cut out, leave tree trunk portion, and walnut cuts out trunk diameter at tree crown, and, in 10cm, setting trunk diameter is more than 12cm , it is cut out at each Branch diameter 10cm;
7, scion activates: fringe bar to be taken out before grafting, is warming up to room temperature naturally, the scion lower part that will seal with wax is whittled into inclined-plane, It is placed in soak at room temperature in gibberellin and basic element of cell division solution, gibberellin and basic element of cell division ratio are 1:1, and concentration is 5mg/ L, soaking time 4h;
8, it grafts: as shown in Figure 1, stock first goes one layer of epidermis, then perpendicular knife fried mouth, scion to open skin after staying 2 buds, oblique knife notch It is plugged on stock, slots downwards and discharge water from top at the back side of stock grafting mouth, film package binding, grafting outermost layer is to connect Fringe tree skin layer, layer second from the bottom are stock tree skin layer, are later scionwood inclined-plane layer, and innermost layer is stock trunk, stock fluting The a length of 50mm in dewatering outlet, width 2mm;
9, it reinforces: to carrying out binding reinforcing at grafting after three months.
Embodiment 2
Walnut height stake engrafting method is present embodiments provided, detailed process is as follows:
1, scion is chosen: 15 days before the Lantern Festival, selecting Guizhou Province walnut No. 6 one, biennial, abundant mature, tool to enrich full Full axillary bud branch cuts the blade on branch as scion, retains petiole, the long 8cm of petiole;
2, it discharges water: discharging water branch is In Shade, the time is 8 days, until incision is without obvious water outlet;
3, inhibit growth: being 33 DEG C with temperature, concentration is that the heteroauxin solution of 25mg/L impregnates the branch after discharging water, leaching The bubble time is 10h, to slow down the speed of growth of branch;
4, scion is sealed with wax: paraffin being put into iron pan, and puts water appropriate into, about the 1/3 of paraffin solvent, is heated paraffin Melt, when the mixed liquor transpiration of paraffin and water is boiled, one, scion is put into pot and is quickly removed, after cooling, is changed in addition One is put into pot and quickly removes, and makes one layer of uniform paraffin layer in entire scion bag;
5, scion is stored: the scion after sealing with wax being placed in 3 DEG C, is stored under cool environment;
6, the selection of stock: choosing growth year in 2 years when the March in the same year, the low output even not walnut of fruiting, Its tree crown is cut out, leave tree trunk portion, and walnut cuts out trunk diameter at tree crown, and, in 11cm, setting trunk diameter is more than 12cm , it is cut out at each Branch diameter 11cm;
7, scion activates: fringe bar to be taken out before grafting, is warming up to room temperature naturally, the scion lower part that will seal with wax is whittled into inclined-plane, It is placed in soak at room temperature in gibberellin and basic element of cell division solution, gibberellin and basic element of cell division ratio are 1:1, and concentration is 8mg/ L, soaking time 5h;
8, it grafts: as shown in Figure 1, stock first goes one layer of epidermis, then perpendicular knife fried mouth, scion to open skin after staying 2 buds, oblique knife notch It is plugged on stock, slots downwards and discharge water from top at the back side of stock grafting mouth, film package binding, grafting outermost layer is to connect Fringe tree skin layer, layer second from the bottom are stock tree skin layer, are later scionwood inclined-plane layer, and innermost layer is stock trunk, stock fluting The a length of 75mm in dewatering outlet, width 2mm;
9, it reinforces: to carrying out binding reinforcing at grafting after three months.
Embodiment 3
Walnut height stake engrafting method is present embodiments provided, detailed process is as follows:
1, scion is chosen: 15 days before the Lantern Festival, selecting Guizhou Province walnut No. 8 one, biennial, abundant mature, tool to enrich full Full axillary bud branch cuts the blade on branch as scion, retains petiole, the long 10cm of petiole;
2, it discharges water: discharging water branch is In Shade, the time is 10 days, until incision is without obvious water outlet;
3, inhibit growth: being 35 DEG C with temperature, concentration is that the heteroauxin solution of 30mg/L impregnates the branch after discharging water, leaching The bubble time is 12h, to slow down the speed of growth of branch;
4, scion is sealed with wax: paraffin being put into iron pan, and puts water appropriate into, about the 1/3 of paraffin solvent, is heated paraffin Melt, when the mixed liquor transpiration of paraffin and water is boiled, one, scion is put into pot and is quickly removed, after cooling, is changed in addition One is put into pot and quickly removes, and makes one layer of uniform paraffin layer in entire scion bag;
5, scion is stored: the scion after sealing with wax being placed in 5 DEG C, is stored under cool environment;
6, the selection of stock: choosing growth year in 2 years when the March in the same year, the low output even not walnut of fruiting, Its tree crown is cut out, leave tree trunk portion, and walnut cuts out trunk diameter at tree crown, and, in 12cm, setting trunk diameter is more than 12cm , it is cut out at each Branch diameter 12cm;
7, scion activates: fringe bar to be taken out before grafting, is warming up to room temperature naturally, the scion lower part that will seal with wax is whittled into inclined-plane, It is placed in soak at room temperature in gibberellin and basic element of cell division solution, gibberellin and basic element of cell division ratio are 1:1, and concentration is 10mg/L, soaking time 6h;
8, it grafts: as shown in Figure 1, stock first goes one layer of epidermis, then perpendicular knife fried mouth, scion to open skin after staying 2 buds, oblique knife notch It is plugged on stock, slots downwards and discharge water from top at the back side of stock grafting mouth, film package binding, grafting outermost layer is to connect Fringe tree skin layer, layer second from the bottom are stock tree skin layer, are later scionwood inclined-plane layer, and innermost layer is stock trunk, stock fluting The a length of 100mm in dewatering outlet, width 3mm;
9, it reinforces: to carrying out binding reinforcing at grafting after three months.

Claims (8)

1. walnut height stake engrafting method, which is characterized in that engrafting method includes the following steps:
1) scion is chosen: selecting walnut one, biennial, abundant mature, tool to enrich full axillary bud branch as scion, cuts Blade on branch retains petiole, the long 7~10cm of petiole;
2) it discharges water: discharging water branch is In Shade, until incision is without obvious water outlet;
3) inhibit growth: under the high temperature conditions, impregnating the branch after discharging water with heteroauxin solution, slow down the growth speed of branch Degree;
4) scion is sealed with wax: paraffin being put into iron pan, and puts water appropriate into, about the 1/3 of paraffin solvent, paraffin is melted in heating Change, when the mixed liquor transpiration of paraffin and water is boiled, one, scion is put into pot and is quickly removed, after cooling, change other one Head, which is put into pot, to be quickly removed, and one layer of uniform paraffin layer in entire scion bag is made;
5) scion is stored: the scion after sealing with wax being placed in low temperature, is stored under cool environment;
6) selection of stock: growth year is chosen when the March in the same year in 1~2 year, the walnut of low output or even not fruiting will Its tree crown is cut out, and leave tree trunk portion;
7) scion activates: taking out fringe bar before grafting, is warming up to room temperature naturally, the scion lower part that will seal with wax is whittled into inclined-plane, is placed in Soak at room temperature in gibberellin and basic element of cell division solution;
8) graft: stock first removes one layer of epidermis, then perpendicular knife fried mouth, and scion, which is stayed, opens skin after 2 buds, oblique knife notch and be plugged on stock, It slots downwards and discharges water from top at the back side of stock grafting mouth, film package binding;
9) it reinforces: to carrying out binding reinforcing at grafting after three months.
2. walnut height stake engrafting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step 1) is described be selected in cut out lower scion when Between be 15 days before the annual Lantern Festival, scion walnut be Guizhou Province walnut No. 5, No. 6, No. 7 or No. 8 any one.
3. walnut height stake engrafting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 2) discharge time is 7~10 It.
4. walnut height stake engrafting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step 3) the heteroauxin solution temperature It is 30~35 DEG C, concentration is 20~30mg/L, and soaking time is 8~12h.
5. walnut height stake engrafting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 5) storage temperature is 0~5 ℃。
6. walnut height stake engrafting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 6) walnut cuts out at tree crown For trunk diameter in 10~12cm, setting trunk diameter is more than 12cm, is cut out at each 10~12cm of Branch diameter.
7. walnut height stake engrafting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 7) gibberellin and cell division Plain ratio is 1:1, and concentration is 5~10mg/L, 4~6h of soaking time.
8. walnut height stake engrafting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step 8) the grafting outermost layer is scion Tree skin layer, layer second from the bottom are stock tree skin layer, are later scionwood inclined-plane layer, and innermost layer is stock trunk, and stock fluting is put A length of 50~the 100mm in the mouth of a river, width are 2~3mm.
CN201810765952.0A 2018-07-12 2018-07-12 Walnut height stake engrafting method Withdrawn CN108934510A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110249822A (en) * 2019-07-08 2019-09-20 盐津黄兴农业有限公司 A technique for the new varieties with wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis grafting
CN111742923A (en) * 2020-07-14 2020-10-09 河南省林业科学研究院 Regulator and method for breaking summer dormancy of chionanthus retusus
CN114532086A (en) * 2020-11-26 2022-05-27 镇雄县七彩乌米核桃产业开发有限责任公司 Walnut high-position grafting method
CN115349393A (en) * 2022-09-23 2022-11-18 成县兴丰农林科技有限责任公司 Walnut seedling bud grafting breeding comprehensive matching technical method

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110249822A (en) * 2019-07-08 2019-09-20 盐津黄兴农业有限公司 A technique for the new varieties with wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis grafting
CN111742923A (en) * 2020-07-14 2020-10-09 河南省林业科学研究院 Regulator and method for breaking summer dormancy of chionanthus retusus
CN114532086A (en) * 2020-11-26 2022-05-27 镇雄县七彩乌米核桃产业开发有限责任公司 Walnut high-position grafting method
CN115349393A (en) * 2022-09-23 2022-11-18 成县兴丰农林科技有限责任公司 Walnut seedling bud grafting breeding comprehensive matching technical method

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