CN108923521B - Intelligent charging and discharging control circuit and control method for solar cell panel and vehicle - Google Patents
Intelligent charging and discharging control circuit and control method for solar cell panel and vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108923521B CN108923521B CN201810971748.4A CN201810971748A CN108923521B CN 108923521 B CN108923521 B CN 108923521B CN 201810971748 A CN201810971748 A CN 201810971748A CN 108923521 B CN108923521 B CN 108923521B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pin
- resistor
- integrated circuit
- diode
- capacitor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
-
- H02J7/0088—
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00306—Overdischarge protection
Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent charging and discharging control circuit of a solar cell panel, and relates to the technical field of solar power generation. The invention is composed of a charge control circuit and a discharge protection circuit. The invention can adjust the duty ratio of the control circuit according to the illumination condition, so that the solar cell panel always works near the maximum power point, the working efficiency of the solar cell panel is improved, and meanwhile, when the charging voltage is too high or the discharging voltage is too low, the circuit can be cut off, and the overcharge and over-discharge of the storage battery are protected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a solar power generation technology, in particular to an intelligent charging and discharging control circuit of a solar cell panel.
Background
The solar photovoltaic power generation is used as a renewable clean energy source, has incomparable advantages of the traditional fossil energy source, and the proportion of the photovoltaic power generation to the total social power generation can reach more than 10% by 2030 years according to relevant data statistics. The bottleneck problem of solar photovoltaic power generation is that the power generation efficiency is low, and the application and development of the solar photovoltaic power generation are greatly limited. At present, in the field of solar energy utilization, how to improve the photovoltaic power generation efficiency to the maximum extent is a main direction of solar power generation in future.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the intelligent charging and discharging control circuit for the solar cell panel, so that the solar cell panel always works near the maximum power point, and the working efficiency of the solar cell panel is improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an intelligent charging and discharging control circuit of a solar cell panel is composed of a charging control circuit and a discharging protection circuit; the solar cell panel, the storage battery and the load are respectively connected with the charge-discharge control circuit, the duty ratio of the control circuit is adjusted according to the illumination condition, so that the solar cell panel always works near the maximum power point, and meanwhile, when the charging voltage is too high or the discharging voltage is too low, the circuit can be cut off, and the overcharge and overdischarge of the storage battery are protected.
Further, the charging control circuit comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a potentiometer RP1, a potentiometer RP2, a photoresistor Rg1, a thermistor Rt1, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a diode D2, a triode BG2, a field effect transistor T2, a light emitting diode LED2, an integrated circuit IC2, a normally open relay J2 and a contact J2-1; wherein the resistor R1 is connected between the cathode of the zener diode D1 and the base of the transistor BG1, the resistor R2 is connected between the gate and the drain of the field effect transistor T1, the resistor R3 is connected between the 3-pin of the integrated circuit IC1 and the gate of the field effect transistor T1, the resistor R4 is connected between the 1-pin and the 2-pin of the integrated circuit IC2, the resistor R2 is connected between the 1-pin and the 3-pin of the integrated circuit IC2, the resistor R2 is connected between the 3-pin of the integrated circuit IC2 and the 2-pin of the integrated circuit IC2, the resistor R2 is connected between the 3-pin of the integrated circuit IC2 and the ground, the resistor R2 is connected between the 1-pin of the integrated circuit IC2 and the base of the transistor BG2, the resistor R2 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C2 between the 1-pin of the integrated circuit IC2 and the 3-pin of the integrated circuit IC2, the resistor R2 is connected between the integrated circuit IC 368 and the ground of the integrated circuit IC2, and the resistor R2 and the integrated circuit B2. A resistor R13 and a capacitor C6 are connected in parallel between a pin 2 of an integrated circuit IC3 and the ground, a resistor R14 and a potentiometer RP2 are connected in series between a pin 2 of the integrated circuit IC3 and the cathode of a diode D4, a potentiometer RP1 is connected between a pin 3 of the integrated circuit IC1 and a pin 5 of the integrated circuit IC2, a photoresistor Rg1, a thermistor Rt1 and a capacitor C4 are connected in parallel between a pin 5 of the integrated circuit IC2 and the ground, a capacitor C1 is connected between a pin 1 and a pin 2 of the integrated circuit IC1, a capacitor C1 is connected between a pin 2 and a pin 3 of the integrated circuit IC1, a capacitor C1 is connected between a pin 2 of the integrated circuit IC1 and the ground, a capacitor C1 and a capacitor C1 are connected in parallel between the anode of a solar panel and the cathode of a storage battery, the anode of a voltage stabilizing diode D1 is connected with the cathode of the solar panel, the cathode of the resistor R1, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the drain of the solar panel, the drain of the relay J1 and the relay J1, the anode of the diode D4 is connected with the anode of the storage battery through a fuse FU, the cathode is connected with a resistor R14, the base of a triode BG1 is connected with a resistor R1, the collector is connected with a pin 2 of an integrated circuit IC1, the emitter is connected with the anode of a solar panel, the base of a triode BG2 is connected with a resistor R9, the collector is connected with a relay J1, the emitter is grounded, the grid of a field effect transistor T1 is connected with a pin 7 of the integrated circuit IC2, the drain is connected with the anode of a diode D2, the source is connected with a normally open contact J1-1 of the relay J1, a light emitting diode LED1 and a light emitting diode LED2 are reversely connected between the pin 7 of the integrated circuit IC3 and the base of the triode BG2, a pin 1 of the integrated circuit IC1 is connected with the collector of a triode BG1, a pin 2 is grounded, a pin 3 is connected with a capacitor C2, a pin 1 of the integrated circuit IC2 is connected with a pin 3 of the resistor R4 and a pin 3 of the integrated circuit IC5, a pin is connected with a pin 6 of the pin 368, the pin 2 is connected with the pin 5, the pin 4 is grounded, the pin 8 is connected with the pin 3 of the integrated circuit IC1, the relay J1 is connected between the pin 3 of the integrated circuit IC1 and the collector of the triode BG2, and the normally open contact J1-1 is connected between the source of the field effect transistor T1 and the cathode of the storage battery.
Furthermore, the model of the integrated circuit IC1 is an LM7805 chip, and the models of the integrated circuit IC2 and the integrated circuit IC3 are respectively an LM358 chip.
Further, the diode D1 is a zener diode with a regulated voltage value of 12V and a model number of IN 5242B; the model of the diode D2 is 6A05, and the models of the diode D3 and the diode D4 are IN 4148; the triode BG1 is a PNP type triode with the model number of 2N 3906; the triode BG2 is an NPN type triode with the model of ZTX 300; the field effect transistor T1 is an N-channel field effect transistor with the model number of 1RFZ 34; the light-sensitive resistor Rg1 is a negative-polarity light-sensitive resistor, the thermistor Rt1 is a negative-polarity thermistor, the light-emitting diode LED1 is a red light-emitting diode, and the light-emitting diode LED2 is a green light-emitting diode.
Further, the discharge protection circuit comprises a resistor R15, a resistor 16, a resistor R17, a resistor R18, a resistor R19, a resistor R20, a resistor R21, a potentiometer RP3, a potentiometer RP4, a photoresistor Rg2, a capacitor C9, a capacitor C10, a capacitor C11, a diode D5, a diode D6, a diode D7, a light emitting diode LED3, a light emitting diode LED4, a triode BG3, a triode BG4, a field effect transistor T2, an integrated circuit IC4, an integrated circuit IC5, an integrated circuit IC6, a relay J2, a normally open contact J2-1, a normally closed contact J2-2 and a fluctuation switch S1; wherein the resistor R15 and the LED4 are serially coupled between the positive and negative poles of the load, wherein the positive pole of the LED4 is connected to the positive pole of the load, the resistor R16 and the diode D7 are serially coupled between the base of the transistor BG3 and the source of the fet T2, wherein the negative pole of the diode D7 is connected to the source of the fet T2, the resistor R17 and the LED3 are serially coupled between the pin 7 of the IC5 and ground, wherein the negative pole of the LED3 is grounded, the resistor R3 is coupled between the pin 3 and the pin 6 of the IC3, the resistor R3 is coupled between the pin 6 of the IC3 and ground, the resistor R3 is coupled between the pin 1 of the IC3 and the base of the transistor BG3, the resistor R3 is coupled between the pin 3 of the IC3 and the pin 3 of the IC3, the potentiometer RP3 is coupled between the pin 3 of the IC3 and the IC3, and the potential of the IC3 is coupled between the pin 3, the photosensitive resistor Rg2 is connected between the pin 2 of the integrated circuit IC6 and the ground, the capacitor C9 is connected between the pin 2 and the pin 3 of the integrated circuit IC4, the capacitor C10 is connected between the emitter of the transistor BG3 and the anode of the diode D7, the capacitor C11 is connected between the emitter of the transistor BG3 and the cathode of the diode D7, the diode D5 and the relay J2 are connected between the collector of the transistor BG3 and the collector of the transistor BG4 in parallel, wherein the anode of the diode D5 is connected with the collector of the transistor BG4, the anode of the diode D6 is connected with the cathode of the storage battery, the cathode is connected with the anode of the solar panel, the base of the transistor BG3 is connected with the R16, the collector is connected with the pin 1 of the integrated circuit IC4, the emitter is connected with the capacitor C10, the base of the transistor BG4 is connected with the resistor R20, the collector is connected with the relay J2, the emitter is grounded, the gate of the field effect transistor T2 is connected with the pin 1 of the integrated circuit IC5, the drain of the storage battery is connected with the cathode of the load, a pin 1 of the integrated circuit IC4 is connected with a collector of a triode BG3, a pin 2 is grounded, a pin 3 is connected with a capacitor C9, a pin 1 of the integrated circuit IC5 is connected with a grid of a field effect transistor T1, a pin 2 is connected with a pin 5, a pin 4 is grounded, a pin 8 is connected with a collector of a diode BG3, a pin 1 of the integrated circuit IC6 is connected with a resistor R20, a pin 3 is connected with a resistor R21, a pin 2 is connected with a connecting point of a potentiometer RP3 and a photoresistor Rg2, a pin 4 is grounded, a pin 8 is connected with a collector of a diode BG3, a normally open contact J2-1 of a relay J2 is connected between an emitter of the triode BG3 and a cathode of a diode D6, a normally closed contact J2-2 of the relay J2 is connected between an emitter of the triode BG3 and an anode of a storage battery, a fixed end of a switch S9 is grounded, a 1' resistor R68656 of the switch S1 is connected with a connecting point of a diode D7, and a pin 3 of the integrated circuit IC5 is connected with a pin 3.
Furthermore, the model of the IC4 is LM7805 chip, and the models of the integrated circuit IC5 and the integrated circuit IC6 are LM358 chip.
Further, the model of the diode D6 is 6a05, and the models of the diode D5 and the diode D7 are IN 4148; the triode BG3 is a PNP triode with the model of 2N3906, the triode BG4 is an NPN triode with the model of ZTX300, the field effect tube T2 is an N-channel field effect tube with the model of 1RFZ34, the photosensitive resistor Rg2 is a negative photosensitive resistor, the light emitting diode LED4 is a green light emitting diode, and the light emitting diode LED3 is a yellow light emitting diode.
According to the control method based on the intelligent charging and discharging control circuit of the solar cell panel, when sunlight irradiates the solar cell panel and the input voltage of the solar cell panel exceeds 12V, the charging control circuit starts to work, and the duty ratio of the control circuit is adjusted by a photoresistor in the circuit according to different illumination, so that the solar cell panel always works at the maximum power point; when the voltage of the storage battery rises to a limit value, the charging control circuit stops working, and the solar panel stops charging the storage battery; when the need is to the load power supply, open the switch after, if light is sufficient this moment, by solar cell panel to the load power supply, if light is not enough this moment, then by the battery to the load power supply, and when battery voltage reduces to being close turn-off voltage, if the voltage further descends, the load can automatic cutout to the protection circuit that discharges, prevents that the battery degree of depth from discharging.
A vehicle comprises the intelligent charging and discharging control circuit of the solar cell panel.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can adjust the duty ratio of the control circuit according to the illumination condition, so that the solar cell panel always works near the maximum power point, the working efficiency of the solar cell panel is improved, and meanwhile, when the charging voltage is too high or the discharging voltage is too low, the circuit can be cut off, and the overcharge and over-discharge of the storage battery are protected.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1, an intelligent charge and discharge control circuit for a solar cell panel comprises a charge control circuit and a discharge protection circuit; the solar cell panel, the storage battery and the load are respectively connected with the charge and discharge control circuit.
When sunlight irradiates the solar cell panel and the input voltage of the solar cell panel exceeds 12V, the charging control circuit starts to work, the red light-emitting diode is lightened, and meanwhile, the duty ratio of the control circuit can be adjusted by the photoresistor in the control circuit according to different illumination, so that the solar cell panel always works near the maximum power point. When the voltage of the storage battery rises to a limit value, the charging control circuit stops working, the solar panel stops charging the storage battery, and the green light-emitting diode is lightened. When the solar energy storage battery is used for supplying power to a load, after the switch is turned on, if light is sufficient at the moment, the solar energy battery panel supplies power to the load, if the light is insufficient at the moment, the storage battery supplies power to the load, and when the voltage of the storage battery is reduced to be close to turn-off voltage, the yellow light emitting diode is lightened, if the voltage is further reduced, the discharge protection circuit can automatically cut off the load, the deep discharge of the battery is prevented, and the service life of the storage battery is prolonged.
As shown in fig. 2, the charging control circuit includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a potentiometer RP1, a potentiometer RP2, a photoresistor Rg1, a thermistor Rt1, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a diode D2, a transistor BG2, a transistor T2, a field effect transistor T2, a light emitting diode LED2, an integrated circuit IC2, an integrated circuit J2, and a normally open contact J2-1-contact.
Wherein the resistor R1 is connected between the cathode of the zener diode D1 and the base of the transistor BG1, the resistor R2 is connected between the gate and the drain of the field effect transistor T1, the resistor R3 is connected between the 3-pin of the integrated circuit IC1 and the gate of the field effect transistor T1, the resistor R4 is connected between the 1-pin and the 2-pin of the integrated circuit IC2, the resistor R2 is connected between the 1-pin and the 3-pin of the integrated circuit IC2, the resistor R2 is connected between the 3-pin of the integrated circuit IC2 and the 2-pin of the integrated circuit IC2, the resistor R2 is connected between the 3-pin of the integrated circuit IC2 and the ground, the resistor R2 is connected between the 1-pin of the integrated circuit IC2 and the base of the transistor BG2, the resistor R2 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C2 between the 1-pin of the integrated circuit IC2 and the 3-pin of the integrated circuit IC2, the resistor R2 is connected between the integrated circuit IC 368 and the ground of the integrated circuit IC2, and the resistor R2 and the integrated circuit B2. A resistor R13 and a capacitor C6 are connected in parallel between a pin 2 of an integrated circuit IC3 and the ground, a resistor R14 and a potentiometer RP2 are connected in series between a pin 2 of the integrated circuit IC3 and the cathode of a diode D4, a potentiometer RP1 is connected between a pin 3 of the integrated circuit IC1 and a pin 5 of the integrated circuit IC2, a photoresistor Rg1, a thermistor Rt1 and a capacitor C4 are connected in parallel between a pin 5 of the integrated circuit IC2 and the ground, a capacitor C1 is connected between a pin 1 and a pin 2 of the integrated circuit IC1, a capacitor C1 is connected between a pin 2 and a pin 3 of the integrated circuit IC1, a capacitor C1 is connected between a pin 2 of the integrated circuit IC1 and the ground, a capacitor C1 and a capacitor C1 are connected in parallel between the anode of a solar panel and the cathode of a storage battery, the anode of a voltage stabilizing diode D1 is connected with the cathode of the solar panel, the cathode of the resistor R1, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the drain of the solar panel, the drain of the relay J1 and the relay J1, the anode of the diode D4 is connected with the anode of the storage battery through a fuse FU, the cathode is connected with a resistor R14, the base of a triode BG1 is connected with a resistor R1, the collector is connected with a pin 2 of an integrated circuit IC1, the emitter is connected with the anode of a solar panel, the base of a triode BG2 is connected with a resistor R9, the collector is connected with a relay J1, the emitter is grounded, the grid of a field effect transistor T1 is connected with a pin 7 of the integrated circuit IC2, the drain is connected with the anode of a diode D2, the source is connected with a normally open contact J1-1 of the relay J1, a light emitting diode LED1 and a light emitting diode LED2 are reversely connected between the pin 7 of the integrated circuit IC3 and the base of the triode BG2, a pin 1 of the integrated circuit IC1 is connected with the collector of a triode BG1, a pin 2 is grounded, a pin 3 is connected with a capacitor C2, a pin 1 of the integrated circuit IC2 is connected with a pin 3 of the resistor R4 and a pin 3 of the integrated circuit IC5, a pin is connected with a pin 6 of the pin 368, the pin 2 is connected with the pin 5, the pin 4 is grounded, the pin 8 is connected with the pin 3 of the integrated circuit IC1, the relay J1 is connected between the pin 3 of the integrated circuit IC1 and the collector of the triode BG2, and the normally open contact J1-1 is connected between the source of the field effect transistor T1 and the cathode of the storage battery.
With continued reference to fig. 2, the discharge protection circuit includes a resistor R15, a resistor 16, a resistor R17, a resistor R18, a resistor R19, a resistor R20, a resistor R21, a potentiometer RP3, a potentiometer RP4, a photoresistor Rg2, a capacitor C9, a capacitor C10, a capacitor C11, a diode D5, a diode D6, a diode D7, a light emitting diode LED3, a light emitting diode LED4, a transistor BG3, a transistor BG4, a field effect transistor T2, an integrated circuit IC4, an integrated circuit IC5, an integrated circuit IC6, a relay J2, a normally closed contact J2-1, a normally closed contact J2-2, and a ripple switch S1.
Wherein the resistor R15 and the LED4 are serially coupled between the positive and negative poles of the load, wherein the positive pole of the LED4 is connected to the positive pole of the load, the resistor R16 and the diode D7 are serially coupled between the base of the transistor BG3 and the source of the fet T2, wherein the negative pole of the diode D7 is connected to the source of the fet T2, the resistor R17 and the LED3 are serially coupled between the pin 7 of the IC5 and ground, wherein the negative pole of the LED3 is grounded, the resistor R3 is coupled between the pin 3 and the pin 6 of the IC3, the resistor R3 is coupled between the pin 6 of the IC3 and ground, the resistor R3 is coupled between the pin 1 of the IC3 and the base of the transistor BG3, the resistor R3 is coupled between the pin 3 of the IC3 and the pin 3 of the IC3, the potentiometer RP3 is coupled between the pin 3 of the IC3 and the IC3, and the potential of the IC3 is coupled between the pin 3, the photosensitive resistor Rg2 is connected between the pin 2 of the integrated circuit IC6 and the ground, the capacitor C9 is connected between the pin 2 and the pin 3 of the integrated circuit IC4, the capacitor C10 is connected between the emitter of the transistor BG3 and the anode of the diode D7, the capacitor C11 is connected between the emitter of the transistor BG3 and the cathode of the diode D7, the diode D5 and the relay J2 are connected between the collector of the transistor BG3 and the collector of the transistor BG4 in parallel, wherein the anode of the diode D5 is connected with the collector of the transistor BG4, the anode of the diode D6 is connected with the cathode of the storage battery, the cathode is connected with the anode of the solar panel, the base of the transistor BG3 is connected with the R16, the collector is connected with the pin 1 of the integrated circuit IC4, the emitter is connected with the capacitor C10, the base of the transistor BG4 is connected with the resistor R20, the collector is connected with the relay J2, the emitter is grounded, the gate of the field effect transistor T2 is connected with the pin 1 of the integrated circuit IC5, the drain of the storage battery is connected with the cathode of the load, the 1 pin of the integrated circuit IC4 is connected with the collector of a triode BG3, the 2 pin is grounded, the 3 pin is connected with a capacitor C9, the 1 pin of the integrated circuit IC5 is connected with the grid of a field effect transistor T1, the 2 pin is connected with the 5 pin, the 4 pin is grounded, the 8 pin is connected with the collector of a diode BG3, the 1 pin of the integrated circuit IC6 is connected with a resistor R20, the 3 pin is connected with a resistor R21, the 2 pin is connected with the connection point of a potentiometer RP3 and a photoresistor Rg2, the 4 pin is grounded, the 8 pin is connected with the collector of a diode BG3, the normally open contact J2-1 of the relay J2 is connected between the emitter of the triode BG3 and the cathode of a diode D6, the normally closed contact J2-2 of the relay J2 is connected between the emitter of the triode BG3 and the anode of the storage battery, the fixed end of a switch S1 is grounded, the fixed end of the switch S1 is connected with the connection point of a resistor R16 and a diode D7, and the 3 pin of a 2 integrated circuit IC 5.
It should be noted that, in the above embodiment:
the integrated circuit IC1 and the integrated circuit IC4 are LM7805, and the integrated circuit IC2, the integrated circuit IC3, the integrated circuit IC5 and the integrated circuit IC6 are LM 358.
The diode D1 is a voltage stabilizing diode with a voltage stabilizing value of 12V and is IN5242B, the diode D2 and the diode D6 are IN 05, and the diode D3, the diode D4, the diode D5 and the diode D7 are IN 4148.
The transistors BG1 and BG3 are PNP type transistors with model number of 2N3906, and the transistors BG2 and BG4 are NPN type transistors with model number of ZTX 300.
The field effect transistor T1 and the field effect transistor T2 are N-channel field effect transistors with the model number of 1RFZ 34.
The photoresistors Rg1 and Rg2 are negative photoresistors, and the thermistor Rt1 is a negative thermistor.
The light emitting diode LED1 is a red light emitting diode, the light emitting diodes LED2 and LED4 are green light emitting diodes, and the light emitting diode LED3 is a yellow light emitting diode.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the working principle of the charging control circuit is as follows:
when sunlight irradiates on a solar cell panel, when the input voltage of the solar cell panel exceeds 12V, a voltage stabilizing diode D1 breaks down, a triode BG1 is conducted, 3 pins of an integrated circuit IC1 output 5V voltage, a charging control circuit starts to work, an integrated circuit IC3 and peripheral elements thereof form a voltage comparator, 2 pins of an integrated circuit IC3 are connected with sampling voltage of a storage battery pack, 3 pins are charging reference voltage, the voltage of 2 pins of the integrated circuit IC3 is less than the voltage of 3 pins at the beginning, 1 pin of the integrated circuit IC3 outputs high level, a triode BG2 is conducted, a relay J1 is attracted, a normally open contact J1-1 is closed, the solar cell panel charges a storage battery, meanwhile, the voltage of 5 pins of the integrated circuit IC3 is less than the voltage of 6 pins, 7 pins output low level, and a red light emitting diode is lightened. In order to improve the efficiency of the solar cell panel and enable the solar cell panel to work near the maximum power point all the time, the integrated circuit IC2 and peripheral elements thereof form a pulse circuit with adjustable duty ratio, the photosensitive resistor Rg1 is a negative polarity photosensitive resistor, when the external illumination intensity is low, the resistance value of the photosensitive resistor Rg1 is increased, the 7-pin output pulse width of the integrated circuit IC2 is wider, the duty ratio is larger, the charging voltage is larger, and conversely, when the external illumination intensity is high, the resistance value of the photosensitive resistor Rg1 is reduced, the 7-pin output pulse width of the integrated circuit IC2 is narrower, the duty ratio is smaller, the charging voltage is smaller, and the solar cell panel is near the maximum power point all the time. The thermistor Rt1 is a negative polarity thermistor, and the voltage set point will rise at low temperature, thereby performing the temperature compensation function.
Along with the charging, the voltage of the storage battery is higher and higher, when the voltage of a pin 2 of the integrated circuit IC3 is greater than the voltage of a pin 3, the pin 1 of the integrated circuit IC3 outputs a low level, the triode BG2 is cut off, the relay J1 is not attracted, the normally open contact J1-1 is disconnected, the solar cell panel stops charging the storage battery, meanwhile, the voltage of a pin 5 of the integrated circuit IC3 is greater than the voltage of a pin 6, the pin 7 outputs a high level, and the green light emitting diode is turned on.
Along with the use of battery, its both ends voltage can descend again, and when both ends voltage is less than the setting voltage, charging circuit can automatic rerun, along with the going on of charging, the voltage of battery is higher and higher, and when both ends voltage is higher than the setting voltage, charging circuit can automatic disconnection, recirculation.
The diode D2 is used to prevent the current from the battery from flowing back to the solar panel at night.
The working principle of the discharge protection circuit is as follows:
when power is needed to be supplied to a load, the switch S1 is turned to the end '1', the triode BG3 is conducted, the discharge protection circuit starts to work, the integrated circuit IC5 and peripheral elements thereof form a voltage comparator, pins 3 and 6 of the integrated circuit IC5 are connected with a storage battery pack sampling voltage (wherein the voltage of the pin 3 is higher than the voltage of the pin 6), pins 2 and 5 are the lowest discharge protection voltage, when the voltage of the storage battery pack is reduced to be close to the lowest discharge protection voltage, pin 7 of the integrated circuit IC5 outputs a high level, a yellow light-emitting diode is lightened, an alarm is given, if the voltage of the storage battery pack is further reduced, when the voltage of the pin 3 is lower than the voltage of the pin 2, pin 1 of the integrated circuit IC5 outputs a low level, the field effect transistor T2 is turned off, and a load power supply is cut off.
In the working process of the discharge protection circuit, if power supply to a load needs to be stopped under special conditions, the switch S1 can be switched to the '2' end, the pin 3 of the integrated circuit IC5 is grounded, the pin 1 of the integrated circuit IC5 outputs low level, the field effect transistor T2 is turned off, a load power supply is cut off, the bias current of the diode D7 is also cut off at the same time, the triode BG3 is cut off, and the discharge protection circuit cannot be restarted.
In order to reduce the loss of the storage battery as much as possible, the solar panel supplies power to the load under the condition of good illumination in the daytime, the storage battery is used for supplying power to the load under the condition of poor illumination at night, when the illumination is good in the daytime, the resistance value of the photosensitive resistor Rg2 is reduced, the voltage of the pin 2 of the integrated circuit IC6 is smaller than the voltage of the pin 3, the pin 1 of the integrated circuit IC6 outputs a high level, the triode BG4 is switched on, the relay J2 is attracted, the normally open contact J2-1 is closed, the normally closed contact J2-2 is disconnected, the solar panel supplies power to the load, when the illumination is poor at night or in cloudy days, the resistance value of the photosensitive resistor Rg2 is increased, the voltage of the pin 2 of the integrated circuit IC6 is larger than the voltage of the pin 3, the pin 1 of the integrated circuit IC6 outputs a low level, the triode BG4 is cut off, the relay J2 is attracted, the normally open contact J2-1 is disconnected, the contact J2-2 is closed, the battery supplies power to the load.
Therefore, the duty ratio of the control circuit can be adjusted according to the illumination condition, the solar cell panel can always work near the maximum power point, the working efficiency of the solar cell panel is improved, and meanwhile, when the charging voltage is too high or the discharging voltage is too low, the circuit can be cut off, and the overcharge and overdischarge of the storage battery are protected.
Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a solar cell panel intelligence charge-discharge control circuit which characterized in that: the charging and discharging control circuit consists of a charging control circuit and a discharging protection circuit;
the solar cell panel, the storage battery and the load are respectively connected with the charge-discharge control circuit, the duty ratio of the control circuit is adjusted according to the illumination condition, so that the solar cell panel always works near the maximum power point, and meanwhile, when the charging voltage is too high or the discharging voltage is too low, the circuit can be cut off, and the overcharge and overdischarge of the storage battery are protected;
the charging control circuit comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a potentiometer RP1, a potentiometer RP2, a photoresistor Rg1, a thermistor Rt1, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a diode D2, a triode BG2, a field effect transistor T2, a light emitting diode LED2, an integrated circuit IC2, a normally open relay J2 and a contact J-1;
wherein the resistor R1 is connected between the cathode of the zener diode D1 and the base of the transistor BG1, the resistor R2 is connected between the gate and the drain of the field effect transistor T1, the resistor R3 is connected between the 3-pin of the integrated circuit IC1 and the gate of the field effect transistor T1, the resistor R4 is connected between the 1-pin and the 2-pin of the integrated circuit IC2, the resistor R2 is connected between the 1-pin and the 3-pin of the integrated circuit IC2, the resistor R2 is connected between the 3-pin of the integrated circuit IC2 and the 2-pin of the integrated circuit IC2, the resistor R2 is connected between the 3-pin of the integrated circuit IC2 and the ground, the resistor R2 is connected between the 1-pin of the integrated circuit IC2 and the base of the transistor BG2, the resistor R2 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C2 between the 1-pin of the integrated circuit IC2 and the 3-pin of the integrated circuit IC2, the resistor R2 is connected between the integrated circuit IC 368 and the ground of the integrated circuit IC2, and the resistor R2 and the integrated circuit B2. A resistor R13 and a capacitor C6 are connected in parallel between a pin 2 of an integrated circuit IC3 and the ground, a resistor R14 and a potentiometer RP2 are connected in series between a pin 2 of the integrated circuit IC3 and the cathode of a diode D4, a potentiometer RP1 is connected between a pin 3 of the integrated circuit IC1 and a pin 5 of the integrated circuit IC2, a photoresistor Rg1, a thermistor Rt1 and a capacitor C4 are connected in parallel between a pin 5 of the integrated circuit IC2 and the ground, a capacitor C1 is connected between a pin 1 and a pin 2 of the integrated circuit IC1, a capacitor C1 is connected between a pin 2 and a pin 3 of the integrated circuit IC1, a capacitor C1 is connected between a pin 2 of the integrated circuit IC1 and the ground, a capacitor C1 and a capacitor C1 are connected in parallel between the anode of a solar panel and the cathode of a storage battery, the anode of a voltage stabilizing diode D1 is connected with the cathode of the solar panel, the cathode of the resistor R1, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the drain of the solar panel, the drain of the relay J1 and the relay J1, the anode of the diode D4 is connected with the anode of the storage battery through a fuse FU, the cathode is connected with a resistor R14, the base of a triode BG1 is connected with a resistor R1, the collector is connected with a pin 2 of an integrated circuit IC1, the emitter is connected with the anode of a solar panel, the base of a triode BG2 is connected with a resistor R9, the collector is connected with a relay J1, the emitter is grounded, the grid of a field effect transistor T1 is connected with a pin 7 of the integrated circuit IC2, the drain is connected with the anode of a diode D2, the source is connected with a normally open contact J1-1 of the relay J1, a light emitting diode LED1 and a light emitting diode LED2 are reversely connected between the pin 7 of the integrated circuit IC3 and the base of the triode BG2, a pin 1 of the integrated circuit IC1 is connected with the collector of a triode BG1, a pin 2 is grounded, a pin 3 is connected with a capacitor C2, a pin 1 of the integrated circuit IC2 is connected with a pin 3 of the resistor R4 and a pin 3 of the integrated circuit IC5, a pin is connected with a pin 6 of the pin 368, the pin 2 is connected with the pin 5, the pin 4 is grounded, the pin 8 is connected with the pin 3 of the integrated circuit IC1, the relay J1 is connected between the pin 3 of the integrated circuit IC1 and the collector of the triode BG2, and the normally open contact J1-1 is connected between the source of the field effect transistor T1 and the cathode of the storage battery.
2. The intelligent charging and discharging control circuit of the solar panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the model of the integrated circuit IC1 is LM7805 chip, and the models of the integrated circuit IC2 and the integrated circuit IC3 are LM358 chip respectively.
3. The intelligent charging and discharging control circuit of the solar panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diode D1 is a voltage stabilizing diode with a voltage stabilizing value of 12V and the model number of IN 5242B; the model of the diode D2 is 6A05, and the models of the diode D3 and the diode D4 are IN 4148; the triode BG1 is a PNP type triode with the model number of 2N 3906; the triode BG2 is an NPN type triode with the model of ZTX 300; the field effect transistor T1 is an N-channel field effect transistor with the model number of 1RFZ 34; the light-sensitive resistor Rg1 is a negative-polarity light-sensitive resistor, the thermistor Rt1 is a negative-polarity thermistor, the light-emitting diode LED1 is a red light-emitting diode, and the light-emitting diode LED2 is a green light-emitting diode.
4. The intelligent charging and discharging control circuit of the solar panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the discharge protection circuit comprises a resistor R15, a resistor 16, a resistor R17, a resistor R18, a resistor R19, a resistor R20, a resistor R21, a potentiometer RP3, a potentiometer RP4, a photoresistor Rg2, a capacitor C9, a capacitor C10, a capacitor C11, a diode D5, a diode D6, a diode D7, a light emitting diode LED3, a light emitting diode LED4, a triode BG3, a triode BG4, a field effect tube T2, an integrated circuit IC4, an integrated circuit IC5, an integrated circuit IC6, a relay J2, a normally open contact J2-1, a normally closed contact J2-2 and a fluctuation switch S1;
wherein the resistor R15 and the LED4 are serially coupled between the positive and negative poles of the load, wherein the positive pole of the LED4 is connected to the positive pole of the load, the resistor R16 and the diode D7 are serially coupled between the base of the transistor BG3 and the source of the fet T2, wherein the negative pole of the diode D7 is connected to the source of the fet T2, the resistor R17 and the LED3 are serially coupled between the pin 7 of the IC5 and ground, wherein the negative pole of the LED3 is grounded, the resistor R3 is coupled between the pin 3 and the pin 6 of the IC3, the resistor R3 is coupled between the pin 6 of the IC3 and ground, the resistor R3 is coupled between the pin 1 of the IC3 and the base of the transistor BG3, the resistor R3 is coupled between the pin 3 of the IC3 and the pin 3 of the IC3, the potentiometer RP3 is coupled between the pin 3 of the IC3 and the IC3, and the potential of the IC3 is coupled between the pin 3, the photosensitive resistor Rg2 is connected between the pin 2 of the integrated circuit IC6 and the ground, the capacitor C9 is connected between the pin 2 and the pin 3 of the integrated circuit IC4, the capacitor C10 is connected between the emitter of the transistor BG3 and the anode of the diode D7, the capacitor C11 is connected between the emitter of the transistor BG3 and the cathode of the diode D7, the diode D5 and the relay J2 are connected between the collector of the transistor BG3 and the collector of the transistor BG4 in parallel, wherein the anode of the diode D5 is connected with the collector of the transistor BG4, the anode of the diode D6 is connected with the cathode of the storage battery, the cathode is connected with the anode of the solar panel, the base of the transistor BG3 is connected with the R16, the collector is connected with the pin 1 of the integrated circuit IC4, the emitter is connected with the capacitor C10, the base of the transistor BG4 is connected with the resistor R20, the collector is connected with the relay J2, the emitter is grounded, the gate of the field effect transistor T2 is connected with the pin 1 of the integrated circuit IC5, the drain of the storage battery is connected with the cathode of the load, the 1 pin of the integrated circuit IC4 is connected with the collector of a triode BG3, the 2 pin is grounded, the 3 pin is connected with a capacitor C9, the 1 pin of the integrated circuit IC5 is connected with the grid of a field effect transistor T1, the 2 pin is connected with the 5 pin, the 4 pin is grounded, the 8 pin is connected with the collector of a diode BG3, the 1 pin of the integrated circuit IC6 is connected with a resistor R20, the 3 pin is connected with a resistor R21, the 2 pin is connected with the connection point of a potentiometer RP3 and a photoresistor Rg2, the 4 pin is grounded, the 8 pin is connected with the collector of a diode BG3, the normally open contact J2-1 of the relay J2 is connected between the emitter of the triode BG3 and the cathode of a diode D6, the normally closed contact J2-2 of the relay J2 is connected between the emitter of the triode BG3 and the anode of the storage battery, the fixed end of a switch S1 is grounded, the fixed end of the switch S1 is connected with the connection point of a resistor R16 and a diode D7, and the 3 pin of a 2 integrated circuit IC 5.
5. The intelligent charging and discharging control circuit of the solar panel according to claim 4, characterized in that: the IC4 is LM7805 chip, and the IC5 and IC6 are LM358 chip.
6. The intelligent charging and discharging control circuit of the solar panel according to claim 4, characterized in that: the model of the diode D6 is 6A05, and the models of the diode D5 and the diode D7 are IN 4148; the triode BG3 is a PNP triode with the model of 2N3906, the triode BG4 is an NPN triode with the model of ZTX300, the field effect tube T2 is an N-channel field effect tube with the model of 1RFZ34, the photosensitive resistor Rg2 is a negative photosensitive resistor, the light emitting diode LED4 is a green light emitting diode, and the light emitting diode LED3 is a yellow light emitting diode.
7. A control method of the intelligent charging and discharging control circuit of the solar cell panel based on any one of claims 1 to 6 is characterized in that: when sunlight irradiates the solar cell panel and the input voltage of the solar cell panel exceeds 12V, the charging control circuit starts to work, and the duty ratio of the control circuit can be adjusted by the photoresistor in the circuit according to different illumination so that the solar cell panel always works at the maximum power point; when the voltage of the storage battery rises to a limit value, the charging control circuit stops working, and the solar panel stops charging the storage battery;
when the need is to the load power supply, open the switch after, if light is sufficient this moment, by solar cell panel to the load power supply, if light is not enough this moment, then by the battery to the load power supply, and when battery voltage reduces to being close turn-off voltage, if the voltage further descends, the load can automatic cutout to the protection circuit that discharges, prevents that the battery degree of depth from discharging.
8. A vehicle comprising the solar panel intelligent charging and discharging control circuit of any one of claims 1 to 6.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810971748.4A CN108923521B (en) | 2018-08-23 | 2018-08-23 | Intelligent charging and discharging control circuit and control method for solar cell panel and vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810971748.4A CN108923521B (en) | 2018-08-23 | 2018-08-23 | Intelligent charging and discharging control circuit and control method for solar cell panel and vehicle |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108923521A CN108923521A (en) | 2018-11-30 |
| CN108923521B true CN108923521B (en) | 2021-08-20 |
Family
ID=64406924
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810971748.4A Active CN108923521B (en) | 2018-08-23 | 2018-08-23 | Intelligent charging and discharging control circuit and control method for solar cell panel and vehicle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108923521B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110970961B (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2021-06-08 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Power consumption protection circuit |
| CN110281770A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-09-27 | 苏裕 | A kind of automobile-used all direction multifunctional energy resource collecting device |
| CN111049249B (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-05-14 | 南京雷石电子科技有限公司 | Solar energy charge and discharge control system |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080111517A1 (en) * | 2006-11-15 | 2008-05-15 | Pfeifer John E | Charge Controller for DC-DC Power Conversion |
| US8004232B2 (en) * | 2009-05-27 | 2011-08-23 | Miasole | Method of battery charging and power control in conjunction with maximum power point tracking |
| CN102185532A (en) * | 2011-05-16 | 2011-09-14 | 武汉纺织大学 | Grid-connected and off-grid hybrid solar energy photovoltaic generating system |
| CN202261081U (en) * | 2011-05-16 | 2012-05-30 | 武汉纺织大学 | Solar photovoltaic grid-connected and grid-disconnected hybrid power generating system |
| CN102185531A (en) * | 2011-05-16 | 2011-09-14 | 武汉纺织大学 | Solar photovoltaic off-grid and grid-connected multi-mode generating system |
| CN202068206U (en) * | 2011-05-16 | 2011-12-07 | 武汉纺织大学 | Solar photovoltaic off-grid combined-grid multi-mode generating system |
| CN204597597U (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2015-08-26 | 许昌学院 | A kind of domestic solar electric power system |
| CN206820541U (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-12-29 | 中山市中泰能科技有限公司 | A kind of solar energy uninterrupted power source management system |
-
2018
- 2018-08-23 CN CN201810971748.4A patent/CN108923521B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108923521A (en) | 2018-11-30 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102035238B (en) | Solar charging control circuit | |
| CN108923521B (en) | Intelligent charging and discharging control circuit and control method for solar cell panel and vehicle | |
| CN107069927A (en) | Electric supply installation and illuminator | |
| CN102130630B (en) | Parallel connection protection circuit for solar module | |
| CN102196639A (en) | Intelligent control circuit of solar LED lamp | |
| CN201904637U (en) | Solar charging control circuit | |
| CN206211646U (en) | One kind is super to hold controller for solar | |
| CN110418463B (en) | Intelligent solar lawn lamp | |
| CN201243192Y (en) | Solar battery power supply drive protection circuit for low power DC load | |
| CN202738220U (en) | Intelligent solar LED street lamp controller | |
| CN107968473B (en) | Intelligence electric automobile charge-discharge stake | |
| CN202034922U (en) | Parallel protection circuit of solar module group | |
| CN201860482U (en) | Charge and discharge control circuit and protection circuit of solar lamp | |
| CN202488834U (en) | Led solar energy lawn lamp | |
| CN201315689Y (en) | Solar energy lawn lamp control circuit | |
| CN101471570A (en) | Solar charging circuit | |
| CN107681737A (en) | A kind of UAV Intelligent charging system | |
| CN204145807U (en) | A kind of non-MCU high-efficiency solar street lamp controller | |
| CN202587502U (en) | Control-driven system for lithium-battery photovoltaic LED | |
| CN203690983U (en) | Highly effective solar traffic light | |
| CN201986234U (en) | Solar street light controller | |
| CN104582150A (en) | Constant current-compensating solar LED street lamp | |
| CN201681960U (en) | Streetlamp controller photovoltaic cell repair device | |
| CN202564997U (en) | Universal nickel-cadmium nickel-hydrogen cell charger | |
| CN204696981U (en) | A kind of LED plant lamp electric power system circuit |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |