CN202261081U - Solar photovoltaic grid-connected and grid-disconnected hybrid power generating system - Google Patents

Solar photovoltaic grid-connected and grid-disconnected hybrid power generating system Download PDF

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CN202261081U
CN202261081U CN2011201555610U CN201120155561U CN202261081U CN 202261081 U CN202261081 U CN 202261081U CN 2011201555610 U CN2011201555610 U CN 2011201555610U CN 201120155561 U CN201120155561 U CN 201120155561U CN 202261081 U CN202261081 U CN 202261081U
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薛勇
吴玉蓉
石烺峰
肖雷
唐俊峰
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Wuhan Textile University
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

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Abstract

本实用新型涉及一种太阳能光伏并网离网混合发电系统，包括：控制器、太阳能电池方阵、蓄电池组、直流应急负载、并网逆变器等，其特征在于控制器，包括：运行模式控制单元(201)、最大功率点跟踪器、中压直流母线(202)、直流降压变换器、低压直流母线(203)、充放电控制器、应急输出切换继电器J1等，太阳能电池方阵输出的直流电能，大部分通过并网逆变器转换为交流电能送入公用配电网；小部分通过直流降压变换器和低压直流母线(203)提供给直流应急负载和蓄电池组。当低压直流母线(203)电压在正常范围之外时，蓄电池组将能量提供给直流应急负载。并网离网混合发电系统提高了系统效率和年发电时间，具有良好的应用前景。

Figure 201120155561

The utility model relates to a solar photovoltaic grid-connected and off-grid hybrid power generation system, comprising: a controller, a solar cell square array, a battery pack, a DC emergency load, a grid-connected inverter, etc., and is characterized in that the controller includes: an operating mode Control unit (201), maximum power point tracker, medium-voltage DC bus (202), DC step-down converter, low-voltage DC bus (203), charge and discharge controller, emergency output switching relay J1, etc., solar cell square array output Most of the DC power is converted into AC power through the grid-connected inverter and sent to the public distribution network; a small part is provided to the DC emergency load and battery pack through the DC step-down converter and the low-voltage DC bus (203). When the voltage of the low-voltage direct-current bus (203) is outside the normal range, the battery pack supplies energy to the direct-current emergency load. The grid-connected and off-grid hybrid power generation system improves system efficiency and annual power generation time, and has a good application prospect.

Figure 201120155561

Description

Solar photovoltaic grid-connection is from the net hybrid power system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solar energy power generating and use, especially can be the master to generate electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, can also leave the mixed light photovoltaic generating system that net generates electricity simultaneously.
Background technology
Solar energy power generating can replace and less with fossil energy such as resource-constrained, non-renewable coal, oil, natural gas with by its secondary energy sources that convert to.The popularization solar energy power generating is used, and is to consumption figure and the optimization energy resource structure that reduces fossil energy, significant.
Solar energy power generating does not damage the discharging of the pollutant of atmosphere and biological environment, is clean energy resource, the green energy resource of coordinating mutually with the biological environment that the mankind depend on for existence.The popularization solar energy power generating is used, and can reduce the discharge capacity of pollutants such as CO2, SO2 and particle, to alleviating air pollution and preserving the ecological environment the very big effect of performance.
At present, known solar photovoltaic generation system can be divided into grid-connected system and leave the net electricity generation system according to the operational mode difference of system.
Solar energy grid-connected photovoltaic system is made up of solar cell array, combining inverter and public power distribution network etc.Solar energy converts direct current energy to through solar cell array, converts direct current energy into AC energy through combining inverter again, its electric current and public power distribution network voltage same frequency, same-phase.Solar energy grid-connected photovoltaic system can work in the area of utility network, and not needing energy storage device is the big advantage of one of which.
Photovoltaic from the net electricity generation system generally by solar cell array, DC/DC converter, charging-discharging controller, batteries, form from net inverter etc.Solar cell array becomes direct current energy with the solar energy converting that receives; Control through the DC/DC converter realizes MPPT maximum power point tracking; Then with the output electrical power storage of photovoltaic array in batteries, batteries offers energy DC load or is transformed to alternating current through the DC/AC inverter again through charging-discharging controller supplies with AC load.Photovoltaic is the electricity consumption solution that can adapt to areas without electricity from the net electricity generation system.
, for the type system of generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, when distribution network failure, be the control island effect, combining inverter will not be allowed to work, and the convertible electric energy of solar cell array is not utilized yet; And for from net power generation type system, when batteries has been filled, and electric loading of no use, this moment solar cell array because there is not output loading, can not generate electricity, the convertible electric energy of solar cell array is not utilized.
To single solar energy grid-connected photovoltaic system with from the deficiency of netting electricity generation system, " solar photovoltaic grid-connection is from the net hybrid power system " invention for improving the utilance of solar cell array under the various complicated service conditionss, is disclosed.
Solar photovoltaic grid-connection can be applicable to and build occasions such as integrated solar grid-connected electricity generation system, domestic solar roof electricity generation system from the net hybrid power system.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to improve user's emergency load power supply reliability simultaneously, designed a kind of solar photovoltaic grid-connection from the net hybrid power system in order to make full use of the generating capacity of solar cell array.
Solar photovoltaic grid-connection is made up of solar cell array, controller, batteries, direct current emergency load, combining inverter, public power distribution network etc. from the net hybrid power system.The input of the output termination controller of solar cell array, said controller have three tunnel outputs, and its first via output connects the direct current emergency load; Its second tunnel output connects batteries; Its Third Road output connects public power distribution network through combining inverter; Solar photovoltaic grid-connection is characterised in that controller from the net hybrid power system; Comprise: operational mode control unit (201), anti-electric current pour in down a chimney diode D3, MPPT maximum power point tracking device, middle straightening stream bus (202), DC decompression converter, low-voltage direct bus (203), charging-discharging controller, emergent output transfer relay J1; The input of controller pours in down a chimney the input that diode D3 connects the MPPT maximum power point tracking device through anti-electric current; Straightening stream bus (202) in the output termination of said MPPT maximum power point tracking device, said middle straightening stream bus (202) connects the Third Road output of controller; Straightening stream bus (202) also connects low-voltage direct bus (203) through the DC decompression converter in said; Said low-voltage direct bus (203) connects the first via output of controller through the normally opened contact of emergent output transfer relay J1; Said low-voltage direct bus (203) also connects the input of charging-discharging controller; Said charging-discharging controller has two tunnel outputs; Its first via output is exported through the first via that the emergent normally-closed contact of exporting transfer relay J1 connects controller, and its second tunnel output connects the second tunnel output of controller.Solar cell array becomes direct current energy with the solar energy converting that receives, and realizes its MPPT maximum power point tracking through the control to the DC/DC converter in the controller.Most of direct current energy flows the input that bus offers combining inverter through the middle straightening in the controller, and through combining inverter the AC energy that direct current energy converts the satisfied condition that is incorporated into the power networks into is sent into public power distribution network; The fraction direct current energy offers low-voltage direct bus (203) through middle straightening stream bus (202) and the DC decompression converter in the controller, and low-voltage direct bus (203) offers the direct current emergency load with its part, and another part is stored in the batteries.When low-voltage direct bus (203) voltage in the controller was outside the normal range of operation value, batteries offered the direct current emergency load through the charging-discharging controller in the controller with energy, guarantees the reliable power supply of direct current emergency load all the time.
Solar photovoltaic grid-connection has the function that is incorporated into the power networks from the net mixed power generation from the net hybrid power system, is main to generate electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, simultaneously can also be from the net generating.Even when distribution network failure; Be the control island effect; Combining inverter is not allowed to work,, can also flow bus and DC decompression converter through the middle straightening in the controller by direct current emergency load and batteries utilization through the direct current energy that solar cell array is changed; Improve the utilance of solar cell, guaranteed the reliable power supply of direct current emergency load.
Solar photovoltaic grid-connection has reduced the transformation of electrical energy link from the net hybrid power system, has improved system effectiveness; Solar photovoltaic grid-connection has effectively improved system's year generating dutation from the net hybrid power system, has improved system's annual energy output.Solar photovoltaic grid-connection has effectively utilized the clean energy resource that solar cell array provides under the various complicated service conditionss from the net hybrid power system, has a good application prospect.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further specified.
Fig. 1 is that solar photovoltaic grid-connection leaves net hybrid power system sketch map.
Fig. 2 is that solar photovoltaic grid-connection leaves net hybrid power system middle controller sketch map.
Fig. 3 is the relay control flow chart of operational mode control unit (201) in the controller.
Embodiment
1, solar photovoltaic grid-connection is from the circuit topology of net hybrid power system
In Fig. 1, described solar photovoltaic grid-connection from the composition of net hybrid power system be connected.The input of the output termination controller of solar cell array, said controller have three tunnel outputs, and its first via output connects direct current emergency load (like power-type LED lighting load, movable electrical appliances charger etc.); Its second tunnel output connects batteries; Its Third Road output connects the input of combining inverter, and the output of said combining inverter connects public power distribution network.
In Fig. 2, the composition of having described solar photovoltaic grid-connection critical component-controller in the net hybrid power system is connected with inner.
The composition of controller is: operational mode control unit, anti-electric current pour in down a chimney diode D3, MPPT maximum power point tracking device, middle straightening stream bus (202), DC decompression converter, low-voltage direct bus (203), charging-discharging controller, emergent output transfer relay J1.
The inside of controller connects: the input of controller pours in down a chimney the input that diode D3 connects the MPPT maximum power point tracking device through anti-electric current; Straightening stream bus (202) in the output termination of said MPPT maximum power point tracking device, said middle straightening stream bus (202) connects the Third Road output of controller; Straightening stream bus (202) also connects low-voltage direct bus (203) through the DC decompression converter in said; Said low-voltage direct bus (203) connects the first via output of controller through the normally opened contact of emergent output transfer relay J1; Said low-voltage direct bus (203) also connects the input of charging-discharging controller; Said charging-discharging controller has two tunnel outputs; Its first via output is exported through the first via that the emergent normally-closed contact of exporting transfer relay J1 connects controller, and its second tunnel output connects the second tunnel output of controller.
In Fig. 2, the composition of operational mode control unit (201) in the controller has been described also.Comprise: solar cell array voltage sampling circuit, low-voltage direct bus (203) voltage sampling circuit and microcontroller MCU.
The rated value of middle straightening stream bus (202) voltage and the input of combining inverter adapt.
The rated value of low-voltage direct bus (203) voltage and the rated value of direct current emergency load adapt.
DC decompression converter using BUCK DC transfer circuit; Ratio according to low-voltage direct bus (203) voltage and middle straightening stream bus (202) voltage rating; Confirm the duty ratio of its switching device; Duty ratio at said its switching device of DC decompression converter duration of work is fixed all the time, and its output input direct voltage no-load voltage ratio also is constant.
It is main switching device that charging-discharging controller uses power MOSFET, and microcontroller MCU is a control circuit, and control charging peak current is full of and breaks off charge circuit and under-voltage disconnection discharge loop.
Combining inverter uses full-bridge inverter circuit to be main circuit, and digital signal processor DSP is a control circuit, and run duration has the automatic regulatory function of power output, and straightening stream busbar voltage is in working range in making.
2, solar photovoltaic grid-connection is from the energy management of net hybrid power system
For reaching the target that makes full use of the electric energy that solar cell array changes; Solar photovoltaic grid-connection is a multi-objective coordinated control strategy from the energy management strategy of net hybrid power system; Come common completion by operational mode control unit, MPPT maximum power point tracking device, charging-discharging controller, combining inverter, its concrete implementation method:
The controlled target of MPPT maximum power point tracking device is in intensity of solar radiation, ambient temperature, the maximum power output of realization solar cell array automatically when loading condition changes;
Charging-discharging controller control charging peak current breaks off charge circuit and breaks off discharge loop when under-voltage when being full of;
The combining inverter run duration has the automatic regulatory function of power output, and straightening stream bus (202) voltage is in working range in making;
The controlled target of operational mode control unit (201) is that the direct current energy of solar cell array conversion is given combining inverter simultaneously and given low-voltage direct bus (203) through buck converter, and low-voltage direct bus (203) is given direct current emergency load and storage battery again.Realized not possessing under the condition that is incorporated into the power networks, solar photovoltaic grid-connection still can provide clean energy resource for the direct current emergency load from the net hybrid power system.
The energy management strategy of solar photovoltaic grid-connection operational mode control unit (201) in the net hybrid power system has been described in Fig. 3.
Operational mode control unit (201) detects low-voltage direct busbar voltage Vdc; Calculate the mean value in the certain hour; According to described mean value, through driving switch pipe S1, confirm the coil electricity state of relay J 1 with the level mode; The contacts status of control relay J1, the source of the emergent output of decision.
When low-voltage direct bus (203) voltage Vdc_min＜Vdc＜Vdc_max; The S1 end output high level of operational mode control unit (201); The normally opened contact of emergent output transfer relay J1 is closed; Normally-closed contact breaks off, and the electric energy of emergent output is from low-voltage direct bus (203), promptly from the real-time generating of solar cell array; When low-voltage direct bus (203) voltage Vdc＜Vdc_min or Vdc＞Vdc_max; The S1 end output low level of operational mode control unit (201); The normally opened contact of emergent output transfer relay J1 breaks off; Normally-closed contact is closed, and the electric energy of emergent output is from the output of charging-discharging controller, promptly from the energy storage of batteries.

Claims (8)

1.一种太阳能光伏并网离网混合发电系统，其特征在于：包括：控制器、太阳能电池方阵、蓄电池组、直流应急负载、并网逆变器、公用配电网，太阳能电池方阵的输出端接控制器的输入端，所述控制器有三路输出，其第一路输出接直流应急负载；其第二路输出接蓄电池组；其第三路输出通过并网逆变器接公用配电网，太阳能光伏并网离网混合发电系统的特征在于控制器，包括：运行模式控制单元(201)、防电流倒灌二极管D3、最大功率点跟踪器、中压直流母线(202)、直流降压变换器、低压直流母线(203)、充放电控制器、应急输出切换继电器J1，控制器的输入端通过防电流倒灌二极管D3接最大功率点跟踪器的输入端，所述最大功率点跟踪器的输出端接中压直流母线(202)，所述中压直流母线(202)接控制器的第三路输出；所述中压直流母线(202)还通过直流降压变换器接低压直流母线(203)，所述低压直流母线(203)通过应急输出切换继电器J1的常开触点接控制器的第一路输出，所述低压直流母线(203)还接充放电控制器的输入，所述充放电控制器有二路输出，其第一路输出通过应急输出切换继电器J1的常闭触点接控制器的第一路输出，其第二路输出接控制器的第二路输出。 1. A solar photovoltaic grid-connected and off-grid hybrid power generation system, characterized in that it includes: a controller, a solar cell array, a battery pack, a DC emergency load, a grid-connected inverter, a public distribution network, and a solar cell array The output terminal of the controller is connected to the input terminal of the controller. The controller has three outputs, the first output of which is connected to the DC emergency load; the second output is connected to the battery pack; the third output is connected to the utility through the grid-connected inverter The distribution network, solar photovoltaic grid-connected and off-grid hybrid power generation system is characterized by a controller, including: an operation mode control unit (201), an anti-current backflow diode D3, a maximum power point tracker, a medium-voltage DC bus (202), a DC Step-down converter, low-voltage DC bus (203), charging and discharging controller, emergency output switching relay J1, the input end of the controller is connected to the input end of the maximum power point tracker through the anti-current backflow diode D3, and the maximum power point tracking The output terminal of the controller is connected to the medium-voltage DC bus (202), and the medium-voltage DC bus (202) is connected to the third output of the controller; the medium-voltage DC bus (202) is also connected to the low-voltage DC through a DC step-down converter The busbar (203), the low-voltage DC busbar (203) is connected to the first output of the controller through the normally open contact of the emergency output switching relay J1, and the low-voltage DC busbar (203) is also connected to the input of the charge-discharge controller, The charging and discharging controller has two outputs, the first output of which is connected to the first output of the controller through the normally closed contact of the emergency output switching relay J1, and the second output of which is connected to the second output of the controller. 2.如权利要求1所述的太阳能光伏并网离网混合发电系统，其特征还在于运行模式控制单元(201)，包括：太阳能电池方阵电压采样电路、低压直流母线电压采样电路以及微控制器MCU。 2. The solar photovoltaic grid-connected and off-grid hybrid power generation system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the operating mode control unit (201) includes: a solar cell square array voltage sampling circuit, a low-voltage DC bus voltage sampling circuit and a micro-controller device MCU. 3.如权利要求1所述的太阳能光伏并网离网混合发电系统，其特征还在于运行模式控制单元(201)，当低压直流母线电压Vdc_min＜Vdc＜Vdc_max时，控制单元(201)的S1端输出高电平，应急输出切换继电器J1的常开触点闭合，常闭触点断开，应急输出的电能来自低压直流母线，即来自太阳能电池方阵的实时发电；当低压直流母线电压Vdc＜Vdc_min或者Vdc＞Vdc_max时，控制单元(201)的S1端输出低电平，应急输出切换继电器J1的常开触点断开，常闭触点闭合，应急输出的电能来自充放电控制器的输出，即来自蓄电池组的储能。 3. The solar photovoltaic grid-connected and off-grid hybrid power generation system according to claim 1, further characterized in that the operation mode control unit (201), when the low-voltage DC bus voltage Vdc_min<Vdc<Vdc_max, the S1 of the control unit (201) terminal output high level, the normally open contact of the emergency output switching relay J1 is closed, the normally closed contact is open, and the electric energy of the emergency output comes from the low-voltage DC bus, that is, the real-time power generation from the solar cell array; when the low-voltage DC bus voltage Vdc When <Vdc_min or Vdc>Vdc_max, the S1 terminal of the control unit (201) outputs a low level, the normally open contact of the emergency output switching relay J1 is opened, the normally closed contact is closed, and the electric energy of the emergency output comes from the charging and discharging controller. output, which is the stored energy from the battery pack. 4.如权利要求1所述的太阳能光伏并网离网混合发电系统，其特征还在于中压直流母线(202)电压的额定值与并网逆变器的输入相适应。 4. The solar photovoltaic grid-connected and off-grid hybrid power generation system according to claim 1, further characterized in that the rated value of the voltage of the medium-voltage DC bus (202) is compatible with the input of the grid-connected inverter. 5.如权利要求1所述的太阳能光伏并网离网混合发电系统，其特征还在于低压直流母线电压(203)的额定值与直流应急负载的额定值相适应。  5. The solar photovoltaic grid-connected and off-grid hybrid power generation system according to claim 1, further characterized in that the rated value of the low-voltage DC bus voltage (203) is adapted to the rated value of the DC emergency load. the 6.如权利要求1所述的太阳能光伏并网离网混合发电系统，其特征还在于直流降压变换器采用BUCK直流变换电路，依据低压直流母线(203)电压与中压直流母线(202)电压额定值之比，确定其开关器件的占空比，在所述直流降压变换器工作期间其开关器件的占空比始终是固定的，其输出输入直流电压变比也是不变的。 6. The solar photovoltaic grid-connected and off-grid hybrid power generation system according to claim 1, further characterized in that the DC step-down converter adopts a BUCK DC conversion circuit, based on the voltage of the low-voltage DC bus (203) and the voltage of the medium-voltage DC bus (202) The ratio of the voltage ratings determines the duty ratio of the switching device. During the working period of the DC step-down converter, the duty cycle of the switching device is always fixed, and the output-to-input DC voltage ratio is also constant. 7.如权利要求1所述的太阳能光伏并网离网混合发电系统，其特征还在于充放电控制器使用功率MOSFET为主要开关器件，微控制器MCU为控制电路，控制充电峰值电流，充满时断开充电回路和欠压时断开放电回路。 7. The solar photovoltaic grid-connected and off-grid hybrid power generation system as claimed in claim 1, further characterized in that the charging and discharging controller uses a power MOSFET as the main switching device, and the microcontroller MCU is the control circuit to control the charging peak current. Disconnect the charging circuit and disconnect the discharging circuit when undervoltage. 8.如权利要求1所述的太阳能光伏并网离网混合发电系统，其特征还在于并网逆变器使用全桥逆变器电路为主电路，数字信号处理器DSP为控制电路，运行期间具有输出功率自动调节功能，使得中压直流母线(202)电压在工作范围内。  8. The solar photovoltaic grid-connected and off-grid hybrid power generation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that the grid-connected inverter uses a full-bridge inverter circuit as the main circuit, and the digital signal processor DSP is the control circuit. The utility model has the function of automatically adjusting the output power, so that the voltage of the medium-voltage DC bus (202) is within the working range. the
CN2011201555610U 2011-05-16 2011-05-16 Solar photovoltaic grid-connected and grid-disconnected hybrid power generating system Expired - Fee Related CN202261081U (en)

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CN103856150A (en) * 2014-03-31 2014-06-11 宋旭 Independent direct-current photovoltaic power generation system in building
CN104868840A (en) * 2015-05-12 2015-08-26 江苏固德威电源科技有限公司 Photovoltaic energy storage inverter off-grid MPPT perturbation method
CN108923521A (en) * 2018-08-23 2018-11-30 徐州工业职业技术学院 A kind of solar panel Intelligent charge-discharge control circuit, control method and vehicle
CN109698523A (en) * 2019-03-08 2019-04-30 四川长虹集能阳光科技有限公司 Photovoltaic energy storage inversion system
TWI700887B (en) * 2018-12-28 2020-08-01 映興電子股份有限公司 Solar power system with low illumination wake-up charging function
CN113795400A (en) * 2019-05-13 2021-12-14 阿特拉斯科技控股有限公司 Electric or hybrid vehicle with solar panels
CN114614506A (en) * 2022-05-12 2022-06-10 河南豫氢动力有限公司 Fuel cell cogeneration electrical system

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102185532A (en) * 2011-05-16 2011-09-14 武汉纺织大学 Grid-connected and off-grid hybrid solar energy photovoltaic generating system
CN102723896A (en) * 2012-06-21 2012-10-10 上海市电力公司 Photovoltaic power generation system
CN103856150A (en) * 2014-03-31 2014-06-11 宋旭 Independent direct-current photovoltaic power generation system in building
CN104868840A (en) * 2015-05-12 2015-08-26 江苏固德威电源科技有限公司 Photovoltaic energy storage inverter off-grid MPPT perturbation method
CN104868840B (en) * 2015-05-12 2016-08-24 江苏固德威电源科技股份有限公司 Photovoltaic energy storage inverter off-network MPPT perturbation motion method
CN108923521A (en) * 2018-08-23 2018-11-30 徐州工业职业技术学院 A kind of solar panel Intelligent charge-discharge control circuit, control method and vehicle
TWI700887B (en) * 2018-12-28 2020-08-01 映興電子股份有限公司 Solar power system with low illumination wake-up charging function
CN109698523A (en) * 2019-03-08 2019-04-30 四川长虹集能阳光科技有限公司 Photovoltaic energy storage inversion system
CN113795400A (en) * 2019-05-13 2021-12-14 阿特拉斯科技控股有限公司 Electric or hybrid vehicle with solar panels
CN113795400B (en) * 2019-05-13 2024-02-13 光年知识产权资本运营私人有限公司 Electric or hybrid transportation vehicles with solar panels
CN114614506A (en) * 2022-05-12 2022-06-10 河南豫氢动力有限公司 Fuel cell cogeneration electrical system
CN114614506B (en) * 2022-05-12 2022-12-13 河南豫氢动力有限公司 Fuel cell combined heat and power supply electrical system

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