TWI700887B - Solar power system with low illumination wake-up charging function - Google Patents

Abstract

A solar power generation system with low-illuminance wake-up and charging function, comprising: a solar panel group, a controller, a lithium battery group and at least a DC load, the rated voltage of the solar panel group is higher than the rated voltage of the lithium battery group The voltage is between 15% and 30%. The control unit detects the actual voltage of the solar panel group and the lithium battery group. When the actual voltage of the solar panel group is lower than the weighted 10% of the rated voltage of the lithium battery group , Turn on the first contact and the main contact of the double-contact relay, so that the low-illuminance power generation of the solar panel group can directly charge the lithium battery group with low loss, and when the actual voltage of the solar panel group is high When the lithium battery pack is weighted by 10% of the rated voltage, the high-illuminance power generation of the solar panel pack can be charged with high efficiency through the transformer.

Description

Solar power system with low-illuminance wake-up charging function

The present invention relates to a solar power generation and power supply device, in particular to a solar power generation system with a low-illuminance wake-up charging function that has both low-loss direct charging, high-efficiency voltage-regulated charging and high and low potential automatic wake-up functions.

According to the conventional solar power system, because the solar power generation voltage is not fixed, if the battery is directly charged, it will easily cause damage to the battery, and the output voltage of the solar panel must be higher than the current voltage of the battery, such as the low voltage of the solar panel Because the battery voltage will not be able to charge the battery, the conventional solar power generation system will choose to install an MPPT controller. The full name of the MPPT controller is "Maximum Power Point Tracking" (Maximum Power Point Tracking) solar controller, which is traditional The upgraded product of the solar charge and discharge controller, the MPPT controller can detect the power generation voltage of the solar panel in real time, and track the maximum voltage and current value (VI), so that the system can charge the battery with the maximum power output, but the above-mentioned conventional structure is not It is difficult to find that there are some shortcomings, the main reason is as follows: the normal operating voltage of the MPPT controller needs to be above the rated DC110V, so the solar panels will be connected in series to increase the voltage, and the MPPT controller will generate power with maximum power. , The battery can be charged after step-down action, and power loss will be caused when the voltage is stepped up or stepped down. Depending on the manufacturing quality, a loss of 2-25% will occur. When the system is in a high-illumination environment, the MPPT controller The boosted power is higher than the loss of decompression, but when the system is generating electricity in a low illuminance environment, the trace of power generation will be completely lost when the pressure is decompressed, so that the MPPT controller can only generate electricity under high illuminance. The board is often in low illumination, the battery not only It is easy to form an over-discharge state, and the self-discharge of the battery will also cause the self-awakening of the battery under the over-discharge protection mechanism. This is an obvious defect that the conventional technology cannot effectively utilize low-illuminance power generation.

In view of this, the inventor of the present invention has been engaged in the manufacturing, development and design of related products for many years. Aiming at the above-mentioned goals, after detailed design and careful evaluation, he finally obtained a practical invention.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a solar power generation system with low-illuminance wake-up charging function in view of the above-mentioned defects in the prior art.

A solar panel group is connected with a direct charging circuit, a voltage regulating charging circuit and a control circuit. A controller uses a control unit to control a double contact relay, a single contact relay and a transformer. The double contact relay is set There is a main contact, a first contact and a second contact, and the main contact can switch to conduct the first contact or the second contact, and the direct charging circuit is connected to the first contact, and The voltage regulating charging circuit is connected to the second contact by the transformer, and the control circuit is connected to the control unit, and the single contact relay is provided with a third contact and a fourth contact that are normally turned on, and the The third contact is connected to the main contact of the double contact relay, a lithium battery pack is connected to the fourth contact of the single contact relay, and the lithium battery pack is connected to the control unit via a monitoring circuit, at least DC The load is connected to the third contact of the single contact relay.

It further includes an inverter connected to the third contact of the single-contact relay, and the inverter converts the direct current of the lithium battery pack into alternating current, and the inverter is connected with at least An AC load supplies AC power to the AC load through the lithium battery pack.

Wherein, the inverter is also connected to a mains power grid. When none of the main contacts of the dual-contact relay is connected to the first contact or the second contact, the mains power grid can use the mains power grid for the lithium battery The group performs voltage regulation charging.

Wherein, the control unit of the controller uses the monitoring circuit to detect the actual voltage of the lithium battery pack. When the actual voltage of the lithium battery pack is higher than the weighted 15% of the rated voltage, it is judged as an overcharge state, and the double contact The main contacts of the relay are not connected to the first contact or the second contact, thereby forming the lithium battery pack to directly supply power to the DC load.

Among them, when the main contacts of the double-contact relay are not connected to the first contact or the second contact, it constitutes the high-potential protection mechanism of the lithium battery pack, and the power generation of the solar panel group can still be input by the control circuit. The control unit uses the control unit to conduct the conduction between the second contact and the main contact of the dual-contact relay once every thirty minutes, so that the dual-contact relay can be awakened when the lithium battery pack is not in an overcharged state .

Wherein, the control unit of the controller uses the monitoring circuit to detect the actual voltage of the lithium battery pack. When the actual voltage of the lithium battery pack is lower than 4% of the rated voltage, it is judged to be an over-discharged state, and the single contact The third contact of the relay is not connected to the fourth contact, thereby forming a low potential protection mechanism for the lithium battery pack.

Wherein, when the lithium battery pack is in the low-potential protection mechanism state, the main contact of the double-contact relay is connected to the first contact. At this time, the control unit detects that the solar panel group is generating low-illuminance power generation, which can control the The single-contact relay conducts the third contact and the fourth contact, so that the single-contact relay can be awakened for charging in the low-illumination power generation state.

Among them, the rated voltage of the lithium battery pack is 48V, and the solar panel group is composed of four 54.7V solar panels in parallel to form a rated voltage of 54.7V, and the actual voltage output by the solar panel group of the direct charging circuit is between Between 42V and 55V, and the actual voltage output by the solar panel group from the voltage regulating charging circuit is between 55V and 60V.

Wherein, the rated voltage of the lithium battery pack is 24V, and the solar panel group is composed of four 32.7V solar panels connected in parallel to form a rated voltage of 32.7V, and the actual voltage of the direct charging circuit output by the solar panel group is between Between 21V and 27.5V, and the actual voltage output by the solar panel group from the voltage regulating charging circuit is between 27.5V and 32.5V.

The main purpose of the present invention is that the rated voltage of the solar panel is higher than the rated voltage of the lithium battery by 15% to 30%, and the control unit detects the actual voltage of the solar panel and the lithium battery When the actual voltage of the solar panel group is lower than the weighted 10% of the rated voltage of the lithium battery group, the first contact and the main contact of the double-contact relay are turned on, and the solar panel group is lowered The illuminance power generation can directly charge the lithium battery pack with low consumption through the direct charging circuit, thereby making full use of the solar panel set for wake-up and micro-charging under low illumination conditions, so as to improve its charging under low illumination Efficiency, and when the actual voltage of the solar panel group is higher than the 10% weighted rated voltage of the lithium battery group, the second contact and the main contact of the double-contact relay are turned on, thereby allowing the solar panel group to have high illumination The power generation can perform high-efficiency step-down charging of the lithium battery pack through the transformer.

Other purposes, advantages and novel features of the present invention will be more apparent from the following detailed description and related drawings.

[This creation]

10‧‧‧Solar Panel Group

11‧‧‧Direct charging circuit

12‧‧‧Voltage regulating charging circuit

13‧‧‧Control circuit

20‧‧‧Controller

21‧‧‧Control Unit

22‧‧‧Double contact relay

221‧‧‧Main contact

222‧‧‧First contact

223‧‧‧second contact

23‧‧‧Single contact relay

231‧‧‧third contact

232‧‧‧Fourth contact

24‧‧‧Transformer

30‧‧‧Lithium battery pack

31‧‧‧Monitoring circuit

40‧‧‧DC load

50‧‧‧Inverter

51‧‧‧AC load

52‧‧‧Utility grid

Figure 1 is a flow block diagram of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a flow block diagram of the present invention in the direct charging mode.

Figure 3 is a flow block diagram of the present invention in the regulated voltage charging mode.

Figure 4 is a flow block diagram of the present invention in the high-potential protection mechanism.

Figure 5 is a flow block diagram of the present invention in the low-potential protection mechanism.

In order to enable your reviewer to have a further understanding and understanding of the purpose, features and effects of the present invention, the following please cooperate with [Schematic Description] as detailed below: first please continue from Figure 1 to Figure 3. In view of this, a solar power generation system with low-illuminance wake-up charging function includes: a solar panel group 10, a controller 20, a lithium battery group 30, at least a DC load 40 and an inverter 50, a solar energy The board set 10 is connected with a direct charging circuit 11, a voltage regulating charging circuit 12 and a control circuit 13. A controller 20 uses a control unit 21 to control a double contact relay 22, a single contact relay 23 and a transformer 24. , The double-contact relay 22 is provided with a main contact 221, a first contact 222 and a second contact 223, and the main contact 221 can switch to conduct the first contact 222 or the second contact 223 , And the direct charging circuit 11 is connected to the first contact 222, the voltage regulating charging circuit 12 is connected to the second contact 223 by the transformer 24, and the control circuit 13 is connected to the control unit 21, and the single connection The point relay 23 is provided with a third contact 231 and a fourth contact 232 which are normally conductive, and the third contact 231 is connected to the main contact 221 of the double contact relay 22, and a lithium battery 30 is connected to the The fourth contact 232 of the single contact relay 23, the lithium battery 30 is connected to the control unit 21 by a monitoring circuit 31, and at least the DC load 40 is connected to the third contact 231 of the single contact relay 23, An inverter 50 is connected to the third contact 231 of the single-contact relay 23, and the inverter 50 converts the direct current of the lithium battery pack 30 into alternating current, and the inverter 50 is connected to at least one alternating current The load 51 can supply the AC power of the AC load 51 through the lithium battery pack 30, and the inverter 50 is also connected to a mains grid 52. When none of the main contacts 221 of the dual-contact relay 22 is connected to the When the first contact 222 or the second contact 223, the utility grid can be 52 performs voltage regulation and charging on the lithium battery pack 30, and can also choose to supply power to the DC load 40 and the AC load 51 from the mains grid 52, wherein the rated voltage of the solar panel group 10 is higher than the rated voltage of the lithium battery pack 30 The voltage is between 15% and 30%. The control unit 21 detects the actual voltage of the solar panel group 10 and the actual voltage of the lithium battery group 30. When the actual voltage of the solar panel group 10 is lower than the lithium battery group When 30 weighted 10% of the rated voltage, the first contact 222 and the main contact 221 of the double-contact relay 22 are turned on, so that the low-illuminance power generation of the solar panel group 10 can pass through the direct charging circuit 11 to the lithium battery The group 30 performs low-loss direct charging, so that the solar panel group 10 can still be fully utilized for wake-up and micro-charging in a low-illumination environment, so as to improve its charging efficiency under low illumination. When the actual voltage is higher than the 10% weighted rated voltage of the lithium battery pack 30, the second contact 223 and the main contact 221 of the double-contact relay 22 are turned on, so that the high-illuminance power generation of the solar panel group 10 can pass through the The transformer 24 performs high-efficiency step-down charging of the lithium battery pack 30.

Please refer to Fig. 4 for the high-potential protection mechanism of the creation of lithium battery overcharge. The control unit 21 of the controller 20 uses the monitoring circuit 31 to detect the actual voltage of the lithium battery 30. When the actual voltage of the lithium battery pack 30 is higher than the weighted 15% of the rated voltage, it is judged to be an overcharged state, so that the main contact 221 of the double-contact relay 22 is not connected to the first contact 222 or the second contact 223. Thus, the lithium battery pack 30 is formed to directly supply power to the DC load 40. If the AC load 51 is connected, the DC power can also be converted into AC power through the inverter 50, thereby simultaneously supplying the DC load 40 and the AC load 51, and when the main contact 221 of the double-contact relay 22 is not connected to the first contact 222 or the second contact 223, it constitutes the high-potential protection mechanism of the lithium battery 30. At this time, the solar The actual voltage of the board group 10 can be input to the control unit 21 by the control circuit 13, and the actual voltage of the lithium battery group 30 can also be input by the monitoring circuit 31 is input to the control unit 21, thereby judging by the actual voltage of the solar panel group 10 that the dual-contact relay 22 selects the main contact 221 to be connected to the first contact 222 or the second contact 223, and the It is judged whether the actual voltage of the lithium battery pack 30 is higher than the weighted 15% of the rated voltage, so as to automatically wake up the dual-contact relay 22 and release the high-potential protection mechanism, or, according to the setting value of the controller 20, the high-potential protection In the mechanism state, the control unit 21 performs the conduction of the second contact 223 of the dual-contact relay 22 with the main contact 221 every thirty minutes, so that the lithium battery pack 30 can wake up the dual-contact relay 22 when it is not in an overcharged state. The contact relay 22 is still in the high-potential protection mechanism to overcome the misjudgment of the control unit 21. Since the lithium battery pack 30 is in an overcharged state, the solar panel group 10 has a higher probability of being in high-illuminance power generation. If the control unit 21 determines When generating power for low illumination, the main contact 221 and the first contact 222 can be changed.

Please refer to Figure 5 for the low-potential protection mechanism of the creation of lithium battery over-discharge. The control unit 21 of the controller 20 uses the monitoring circuit 31 to detect the actual voltage of the lithium battery 30. When the actual voltage of the lithium battery pack 30 is lower than 4% of the rated voltage except for the power, it is judged to be an over-discharged state, and the third contact 231 of the single-contact relay 23 is not connected to the fourth contact 232, thereby forming the lithium battery The low-potential protection mechanism of the battery pack 30. At this time, the actual voltage of the solar panel group 10 can be input to the control unit 21 by the control circuit 13, and the actual voltage of the lithium battery pack 30 can also be input to the control unit by the monitoring circuit 31 21, to determine the actual voltage of the solar panel group 10 that the dual-contact relay 22 selects the main contact 221 to connect to the first contact 222 or the second contact 223, and through the lithium battery 30 The actual voltage is judged whether it is lower than the weighted 4% of the rated voltage, so as to automatically wake up the single-contact relay 23 to release the low-potential protection mechanism. When the lithium battery pack 30 is in the low-potential protection mechanism state, the double-contact relay 22 The main contact 221 is connected to the first contact 222. At this time, the control unit 21 detects that the solar panel group 10 is performing low illumination Power generation, that is, the single-contact relay 23 can be controlled to conduct the third contact 231 and the fourth contact 232, so that the single-contact relay 23 can be awakened for charging in the low-illumination power generation state, and the solar panel group 10 The lithium battery pack 30 performs low-loss direct charging, which can expand the effective minimum power generation voltage of the solar panel set 10, thereby having the functions of automatically waking up the single-contact relay 23 and performing micro-charge under low-illuminance environments. Furthermore, Since the lithium battery pack 30 is in an over-discharged state, there is a greater probability that the solar panel pack 10 is generating power at low illuminance. If the control unit 21 determines that it is generating power at high illuminance, it can also change the connection between the main contact 221 and the second connection. Point 223.

The actual application situation, please continue to observe from Figure 2 to Figure 5. Case 1: The rated voltage of the lithium battery 30 is 24V, and the solar panel 10 is four 32.7V solar panels A rated voltage of 32.7V is formed in parallel, which means that the rated voltage of the solar panel group 10 is higher than the rated voltage of the lithium battery group 30 by 15% to 30%, and the controller 20 can be directly programmed Set the actual voltage of the lithium battery pack 30 to 27.5V as an overcharge condition, which means that the actual voltage of the lithium battery pack 30 is higher than the weighted 15% of the rated voltage as a high potential protection state, and the actual voltage of the lithium battery pack 30 is 21V It is an over-discharge condition, which means that the actual voltage of the lithium battery pack 30 is lower than the weighted 4% rated voltage, which is a low-potential protection state. The single-contact relay 23 is automatically controlled to cut off and wake up by over-charge and over-discharge conditions. , And the controller 20 can use the direct programming method to set the actual voltage of the solar panel group 10 to 27.5V as the switching between direct charging and voltage regulation charging conditions, that is, the actual voltage of the solar panel group 10 is weighted with the lithium battery group 30 10% of the rated voltage is the judgment criterion. When the actual voltage output by the solar panel group 10 of the direct charging circuit 11 is between 21V and 27.5V, the control unit 21 controls the main contact 221 of the double contact relay 22 Connect the first contact 222 to perform micro-charging in a low-illumination environment, and when the solar panel group outputs the actual voltage of the voltage-regulating charging circuit 12 between 27.5V and 32.5V, the The control unit 21 controls the main contact 221 of the double-contact relay 22 to connect to the second contact 223, thereby performing voltage regulation and charging in a high-illumination environment. According to this, the controller 20 can be directly connected to the corresponding solar energy The board set 10 and the lithium battery set 30 can achieve the low-potential protection mechanism of the single-contact relay 23 through the overcharge and over-discharge conditions programmed by the controller 20, and then use the programming by the controller 20 Switching between direct charging and voltage-regulating charging conditions can achieve the high-potential protection mechanism of the double-contact relay 22, so that users do not need to set the control value according to the environment and overcharge conditions, thereby simplifying the structure 、Easy to assemble and low cost of construction. For the same reason, when the rated voltage of the lithium battery 30 is 48V, and the solar panel 10 can be four 54.7V solar panels in parallel to form a 54.7V rated When the actual voltage of the direct charging circuit 11 output by the solar panel group 10 is between 42V and 55V, direct micro-charging can be performed in a low-illumination environment, and the solar panel group 10 outputs the voltage regulating charging circuit When the actual voltage of 12 is between 55V and 60V, the voltage can be adjusted and charged in a high-illumination environment.

In summary, the present invention has indeed achieved a breakthrough structural design, and has an improved content of the invention. At the same time, it can achieve industrial applicability and progress. Moreover, the present invention has not been seen in any publications and is novel. In accordance with the relevant provisions of the Patent Law, Yan filed an application for an invention patent in accordance with the law, and I implore the Jun Bureau review committee to grant a legal patent.

Only the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention; that is, all equal changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the patent application of the present invention shall still belong to the present invention Covered by the patent.

10‧‧‧Solar Panel Group

11‧‧‧Direct charging circuit

12‧‧‧Voltage regulating charging circuit

13‧‧‧Control circuit

20‧‧‧Controller

21‧‧‧Control Unit

22‧‧‧Double contact relay

221‧‧‧Main contact

222‧‧‧First contact

223‧‧‧second contact

23‧‧‧Single contact relay

231‧‧‧third contact

232‧‧‧Fourth contact

24‧‧‧Transformer

30‧‧‧Lithium battery pack

31‧‧‧Monitoring circuit

40‧‧‧DC load

50‧‧‧Inverter

51‧‧‧AC load

52‧‧‧Utility grid

Claims (9)

A solar power generation system with low-illuminance wake-up charging function includes: a solar panel group, the solar panel group is connected with a direct charging circuit, a voltage regulating charging circuit and a control circuit; a controller, the controller A control unit controls a double contact relay, a single contact relay and a transformer. The double contact relay is provided with a main contact, a first contact and a second contact, and the main contact can be switched on The first contact or the second contact, the direct charging circuit is connected to the first contact, the voltage regulating charging circuit is connected to the second contact by the transformer, and the control circuit is connected to the control unit, In addition, the single-contact relay is provided with a third contact and a fourth contact that are normally conductive, and the third contact is connected to the main contact of the double-contact relay; a lithium battery pack is connected to the lithium battery pack At the fourth contact of the single contact relay, and the lithium battery pack is connected to the control unit by a monitoring circuit; and at least a DC load connected to the third contact of the single contact relay, wherein , The rated voltage of the solar panel group is higher than the rated voltage of the lithium battery group by 15% to 30%. The control unit detects the actual voltage of the solar panel group and the actual voltage of the lithium battery group. When the actual voltage of the solar panel group is lower than the weighted 10% of the rated voltage of the lithium battery group, the first contact and the main contact of the double-contact relay are turned on, so that the low-illuminance power generation of the solar panel group can pass through the direct The charging circuit directly charges the lithium battery pack with low loss, and when the actual voltage of the solar panel group is higher than the weighted 10% rated voltage of the lithium battery pack, the second contact of the double-contact relay is connected to the main Contact, and then the high-illuminance power generation of the solar panel group can pass through the transformer to perform high-efficiency step-down charging of the lithium battery group. According to item 1 of the scope of patent application, the solar power generation system with low-illuminance wake-up charging function further includes an inverter connected to the third contact of the single-contact relay, and the inverter The converter converts the direct current of the lithium battery pack into alternating current, and at least one AC load is connected to the inverter, and the alternating current power of the alternating load is supplied through the lithium battery pack. According to the solar power generation system with low-illuminance wake-up charging function described in item 2 of the scope of patent application, the inverter is also connected to a mains grid, when the main contacts of the dual-contact relay are not connected to the first At the contact point or the second contact point, the mains power grid can adjust the voltage and charge the lithium battery pack. According to the solar power generation system with low-illumination wake-up and charging function described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, the control unit of the controller uses the monitoring circuit to detect the actual voltage of the lithium battery pack. When the voltage is higher than the weighted 15% of the rated voltage, it is judged as an overcharge state, so that the main contacts of the double-contact relay are not connected to the first contact or the second contact, thereby forming the lithium battery pack directly The DC load supplies power. According to the solar power generation system with low-illumination wake-up charging function described in item 4 of the scope of patent application, the lithium battery is formed when the main contacts of the double-contact relay are not connected to the first contact or the second contact The high-potential protection mechanism of the group, at this time the power generation of the solar panel group can still be input to the control unit by the control circuit, and the control unit executes the second contact and the main contact of the double contact relay every 30 minutes The conduction of the lithium battery pack can wake up the dual-contact relay when the lithium battery pack is not in an overcharged state. According to the solar power generation system with low-illumination wake-up and charging function described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, the control unit of the controller uses the monitoring circuit to detect the actual voltage of the lithium battery pack. When the voltage is lower than 4% of the rated voltage, it is judged as an over-discharge condition The third contact of the single contact relay is not connected to the fourth contact, thereby forming a low-potential protection mechanism for the lithium battery pack. According to the solar power generation system with low-illumination wake-up charging function described in item 6 of the scope of patent application, wherein the main contact of the double-contact relay is connected to the first contact when the lithium battery pack is in the state of low-potential protection mechanism At this time, the control unit detects that the solar panel group is generating low-illuminance power generation, that is, it can control the single-contact relay to conduct the third and fourth contacts, so that the single-contact relay can be awakened in the low-illuminance power generation state Charge it. According to the solar power generation system with low-illumination wake-up charging function described in the first item of the patent application, the rated voltage of the lithium battery pack is 48V, and the solar panel group is formed by four 54.7V solar panels in parallel The rated voltage is 54.7V, and the actual voltage output by the solar panel group of the direct charging circuit is between 42V and 55V, and the actual voltage output by the solar panel group of the voltage regulating charging circuit is between 55V and 60V. According to the solar power generation system with low-illumination wake-up charging function described in the first item of the scope of patent application, the rated voltage of the lithium battery pack is 24V, and the solar panel group is formed by four 32.7V solar panels in parallel The rated voltage of 32.7V, and the actual voltage output by the solar panel group of the direct charging circuit is between 21V and 27.5V, and the actual voltage output by the solar panel group of the voltage regulating charging circuit is between 27.5V and 32.5V between.

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