TWI491143B - Renewable energy supply system and power supply device with rechargeable battery protection function and controlling method thereof - Google Patents

Description

Renewable energy power supply system and power supply device and control method thereof with battery protection function

The present invention relates to a power supply device and a control method, and more particularly to a renewable energy power supply system and a power supply device and a control method thereof with a battery protection function.

In recent years, the use of renewable energy (Renewable energy) has received much attention due to the increasing demand for energy and the rising awareness of environmental protection. At present, renewable energy power supply systems include solar power systems, wind power systems, fuel cell power systems, etc. For example, a solar power supply system receives sunlight from a solar panel (or a solar cell, a photovoltaic cell) and performs photoelectric conversion to generate a DC power source, and then converts the DC power source through a power conversion device to provide energy required for the load, or further After being converted to AC power, it is fed into the mains bus.

In general, a renewable energy supply system may include a standalone, a grid-connection, and a hybrid, depending on its function. The independent renewable energy supply system usually includes a power generation unit (such as a solar panel, a wind power generator or a fuel cell) and a storage battery, and the independent renewable energy supply system has no power source (such as a commercial power) connection except for using the power generation unit to generate the power source. Power supply, so the power generated by the power generation unit can directly supply the energy required by the load, and can also charge excess energy to the battery. On the other hand, when the output power of the power generating unit cannot supply sufficient energy to the load, the battery can be discharged to provide an energy portion with insufficient load.

In the traditional solar power supply system, when the night or sunshine is insufficient, the solar power supply system may provide the energy required by the load from the battery. However, if the battery is low, the battery may be overcharged and cannot be recharged and utilized. Turn the load off or on standby. In this case, the load will still consume the energy of the battery regardless of whether it is turned off or on standby, and it is impossible to effectively avoid the problem that the battery is over-discharged and cannot be recharged and utilized.

Furthermore, even if the solar panel continues to operate, when the output voltage of the solar panel is low and the amount of charge to the battery is less than the power consumption required by the load, the battery may be over-discharged and the battery can no longer be recharged and used. . Although the existing solar power supply system has a low voltage protection mechanism, the protection mechanism is to protect the load or the battery from failure or damage by using the characteristics of the electronic components when the output voltage of the solar panel is low, and the method is that when the voltage of the battery terminal is lower than one The battery is aborted when a certain standard value is reached, and the battery is discharged when the terminal voltage of the battery is higher than the specific standard value. However, when the amount of charge is less than the power consumption of the load, it is easy to form a cycle of stopping the discharge and recovering the discharge, causing the load to repeatedly switch, and even the load and the battery are damaged. In addition, the current low-voltage protection mechanism also ignores the power consumption of the controller itself. Therefore, the battery voltage may continue to decrease due to the power consumption of the controller when the battery is low voltage. The battery discharge curve shows that the low voltage system voltage drops rapidly. The segment is easy to form a battery voltage that is too low, causing abnormal load operation or battery charging function.

What's more, the battery has a certain service life. If you want to confirm the usable state of the battery, you must first disassemble it for testing. It is not possible to quickly and easily confirm the usable state of the battery, resulting in inconvenience in battery management and maintenance. .

In addition, the power supply system currently on the market has gradually evolved toward a small size and convenient carrying, such as a mobile power supply for charging 3C electronic products. However, there are currently fewer mobile power sources for applying renewable energy, which is susceptible to the power of renewable energy. The influence of external factors is not easy to control. If you want to maintain higher power, you can use MPPT technology. However, MPPT technology has higher threshold and relatively higher cost, so it cannot be widely used in mobile power products. What's more, although currently Some of the mobile power sources have a low voltage protection mechanism. However, it can be seen from the above that most of the current low voltage protection technologies ignore the power consumption of the controller itself, and thus it is easy to cause an abnormality in the charging device or damage the charging function of the mobile power source, resulting in a shortened service life.

Therefore, how to develop a regenerative power supply system capable of improving the above-mentioned conventional technology and a power supply device and a control method thereof with the battery protection function are urgently needed to be solved by those skilled in the related art.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a regenerative energy power supply system and a power supply device and a control method thereof with the battery protection function, which have a low voltage protection mechanism, and can avoid the suspension discharge formed by the conventional technology when the charge amount is less than the load power consumption. Recover the discharge cycle, causing the load to repeat the switch, thereby causing damage to the load or the battery, and can solve the conventional technology. When the battery is low voltage, the battery voltage is continuously decreased due to the power consumption of the controller, and the battery voltage is too low, resulting in load operation. Abnormal or battery charging function is worn out.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a regenerative energy power supply system and a power supply device thereof, which have an internal resistance detecting function of a battery, which can conveniently and quickly detect the service life or the usable state of the battery, and facilitate the management and maintenance of the battery.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a portable renewable energy power supply system, which can be used as a mobile power source, has a battery protection function, and has a low cost.

According to the concept of the present case, the present invention provides a renewable energy power supply system including a power generation unit and a power supply device. The power generation unit receives the regenerative energy and converts the regenerative energy into a first direct current voltage and a first direct current, and outputs the same. The power supply device is electrically connected between the power generating unit and the load, and includes a DC/DC converter, a battery, and a battery management circuit. The DC/DC converter is electrically connected to the output end of the power generating unit, and receives the first DC voltage and the first DC current and converts the second DC voltage and the second DC current to output. The battery is electrically connected between the output of the DC/DC converter and the load, and is configured to store the energy output by the DC/DC converter or release the stored energy to the load. The battery management circuit is configured to manage and protect the battery, wherein when the voltage or the storage capacity of the battery is lower than the preset discharge voltage lower limit value or the preset power storage percentage percentage lower limit value, the battery management circuit cuts off the power supply device to the load Power supply; and when the current value of the second direct current is greater than the preset current value, and when the voltage or the stored power of the battery is greater than the preset discharge voltage upper limit value or the preset power storage percentage percentage upper limit value, the battery management circuit Enable the power supply to power the load.

According to the concept of the present invention, the present invention provides a power supply device with a battery protection function electrically connected between the power generating unit and the load, wherein the power generating unit receives the renewable energy and converts the renewable energy into the first DC voltage and the first DC current. Output. The battery protection function power supply device comprises a DC/DC converter, a battery and a battery management circuit. The DC/DC converter is electrically connected to the output end of the power generating unit, and receives the first DC voltage and the first DC current and converts the second DC voltage and the second DC current to output. The battery is electrically connected between the output of the DC/DC converter and the load, and is configured to store the energy output by the DC/DC converter or release the stored energy to the load. The battery management circuit is configured to manage and protect the battery, wherein when the voltage or the storage capacity of the battery is lower than the preset discharge voltage lower limit value or the preset power storage percentage percentage lower limit value, the battery management circuit cuts off the power supply device to the load Power supply; and when the current value of the second direct current is greater than the preset current value, and when the voltage or the stored power of the battery is greater than the preset discharge voltage upper limit value or the preset power storage percentage percentage upper limit value, the battery management circuit Enable the power supply to power the load.
According to the concept of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for controlling a power supply device, wherein the power supply device is electrically connected between the power generating unit and the load, and the power generating unit receives the renewable energy and converts the renewable energy into a first DC voltage and a first DC. After the current is output, the power supply device comprises a DC/DC converter, a battery and a battery management circuit, and the DC/DC converter receives the first DC voltage and the first DC current and converts it into a second DC voltage and a second DC current and outputs the same. The control method of the power supply device includes the steps of: detecting a voltage or a storage amount of the battery, and when the battery management circuit determines that the voltage or the stored electricity of the battery is lower than a preset discharge voltage lower limit value or a preset power storage percentage percentage lower limit value When the battery management circuit cuts off the power supply device to supply power to the load; and detects a current value of the second direct current, and when the battery management circuit determines that the current value of the second direct current is greater than a preset current value, and when the battery management circuit determines the battery The battery management circuit enables the power supply device to supply power to the load when the voltage or the stored power is greater than the preset discharge voltage upper limit value or the preset power storage percentage percentage upper limit value, respectively.

1: renewable energy supply system
2: load
10: Power generation unit
11: Power supply device
V ₁ : first DC voltage
I ₁ : first direct current
111: DC / DC converter
111a: Power controller
112: Battery
113: feedback circuit
114: Maximum power tracking controller (referred to as MPPT controller)
115: Battery Management Circuit
1151: Control unit
1152: The first switch
1153: Power sequencing circuit
1154: Second switch
1155: Switch drive circuit
1156: Current sensor
1157: Battery detection unit
1158: The third switch
1159: Sense resistor
V ₂ : second DC voltage
I ₂ : second direct current
P _: power
V _FB : feedback voltage
R ₁ : first resistance
R ₂ : second resistance
R ₃ : third resistor
R ₄ : fourth resistor
R ₅ : fifth resistor
Q ₁ : first switching element
Q ₂ : second switching element
Q ₃ : third switching element
A: Common contact
S20~S27: Steps
S1~S3: Control signal
VDIS_LOW: preset discharge voltage lower limit
VDIS_HIGH: preset discharge voltage upper limit
CLOW: preset lower limit of stored electricity percentage
CHIGH: Preset power storage percentage percentage upper limit
Sc: switch control signal
Sp: power supply timing control signal
Rin: impedance value of internal resistance
R _th : preset impedance value
Ith: preset current value
Rt: the resistance value of the sense resistor
V _b : terminal voltage of the battery
V _L : voltage value at one end of the sense resistor

Figure 1 is a block diagram of a circuit of a renewable energy power supply system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a preferred embodiment of the power supply device shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart showing the control method of the power supply device shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a battery detecting circuit of one of the power supply devices shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram showing another preferred embodiment of the power supply device shown in Fig. 1.

Some exemplary embodiments embodying the features and advantages of the present invention are described in detail in the following description. It is to be understood that the present invention is capable of various modifications in the various aspects of the present invention, and is not intended to

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a block diagram showing the circuit of a renewable energy power supply system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 1, the renewable energy power supply system 1 of the present invention is constructed to provide the energy required for a load 2, and is preferably a stand-alone renewable energy power supply system. The renewable energy power supply system 1 of the present invention includes a power generation unit 10 and a power supply device 11 (hereinafter referred to as a power supply device) having a battery protection function. The power generation unit 10 receives a regenerative energy, and converts the regenerative energy into a first DC voltage V ₁ and a first DC current I ₁ and outputs the same. In the present embodiment, the power generating unit 10 may be a solar panel, a wind power generator or a fuel cell, and a solar panel is preferred. The power supply device 11 is electrically connected between the power generating unit 10 and the load 2, and includes a DC/DC converter 111 and a battery 112. The DC/DC converter 111 is electrically connected to the output end of the power generating unit 10, and receives the first DC voltage V ₁ and the first DC current I ₁ output by the power generating unit 10 and converts it into a second DC voltage V _{2 .} And outputting after the second direct current I ₂ . The battery 112 is electrically connected between the output end of the DC/DC converter 111 and the load 2 to be configured to store the energy output by the DC/DC converter 111 or to release the stored energy to the load 2.

Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a preferred embodiment of the power supply device shown in Fig. 1. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the power supply device 11 further includes a battery management circuit 115 , which is configured to manage and protect the battery 112 , and includes a control unit 1151 , a first switch 1152 , and a power sequence circuit 1153 (Power On sequence circuit), second switch 1154, switch drive circuit 1155, and current sensor 1156. The control unit 1151 controls the internal circuit operation of the battery management circuit 115. The first switch 1152 is electrically connected between the battery 112, the control unit 1151 and the load 2, and the output of the DC/DC converter 111, between the control unit 1151 and the load 2, in response to the control of the control unit 1151. The switching operation of the on and off states causes the power supply device 11 to supply or stop the power supply to the load 2. One end of the power supply sequence circuit 1153 is electrically connected between the output end of the DC/DC converter 111 and the battery 112, and the other end of the power supply sequence circuit 1153 is electrically connected to the control unit 1151, and generates a power supply timing control signal. Sp to the control unit 1151. The second switch 1154 is connected between the power sequence circuit 1156 and the output of the DC/DC converter 111, and the switch drive circuit 1155 is electrically connected between the second switch 1154 and the control unit 1151 to control The control of the unit 1151 drives the second changeover switch 1154 to perform a switching operation of turning on or off. The current sensor 1156 is electrically connected to the output end of the DC/DC converter 111 and the control unit 1151, and senses the current value of the second DC current I ₂ output by the DC/DC converter 111, and the sensing result is obtained. Provided to the control unit 1151.

In this embodiment, the control unit 1151 of the battery management circuit 115 continuously detects the voltage or the amount of stored electricity of the battery 112. When the control unit 1151 detects that the voltage of the battery 112 is lower than a predetermined discharge voltage lower limit value V _{DIS_LOW} or the stored electricity amount is lower than a preset power storage percentage lower limit value C _LOW , the control unit 1151 of the battery management circuit 115 A low voltage forced power down procedure will be performed to protect the battery 112 from overdischarge. In an embodiment, when the control unit 1151 detects that the voltage of the battery 112 is lower than a predetermined discharge voltage lower limit value V _{DIS_LOW} or the stored electricity amount is lower than a preset power storage percentage lower limit value C _LOW , the battery management circuit The control unit 1151 of 115 controls the first changeover switch 1152 to be switched to the off state, whereby the power supply device 11 is cut off to supply power to the load 2. In some embodiments, the control unit 1151 further sends a switch control signal Sc to the switch drive circuit 1155, so that the switch drive circuit 1155 controls the second switch 1154 to be turned off due to the switch control signal Sc, thereby cutting off the DC. The /DC converter 111 is supplied to the power supply sequence circuit 1153. At this time, the control unit 1151 will switch to the energy saving mode in accordance with the power supply sequence circuit 1153 in a disabled state to reduce the loss of energy.

In the present embodiment, the control unit 1151 of the battery management circuit 115 continuously detects the current value of the second direct current I ₂ outputted by the DC/DC converter 111 by the current sensor 1156. When the control unit 1151 detects that the current value of the second direct current I ₂ is greater than the preset current value I _th , the control unit 1151 does not directly control the power supply device 11 to supply power to the load 2, and the control unit 1151 issues a switch control signal Sc. To the switch driving circuit 1155, the switch driving circuit 1155 controls the second switching switch 1154 to be turned on according to the switching control signal Sc, thereby supplying the DC/DC converter 111 to the power supply sequence circuit 1153 to enable the power supply sequential circuit. 1153.

Thereafter, the power sequencing circuit 1153 issues a power sequencing control signal Sp to the control unit 1151, and the control unit 1151 switches from the power saving mode to the normal operation mode according to the power timing control signal Sp. At this time, the control unit 1151 detects the battery voltage or the state of charge 112, and determines whether the voltage of the battery 112 is greater than a predetermined upper limit value of the discharge voltage _V DIS_HIGH or whether the storage amount is greater than a predetermined value C _HIGH state of charge on the percentage of . When the control unit 1151 detects that the voltage of the battery 112 is greater than the preset discharge voltage upper limit value V _{DIS_HIGH} or the stored electricity amount is greater than the preset power storage percentage percentage upper limit value C _HIGH , the control unit 1151 controls the first changeover switch 1152 to switch to The conduction state is such that the power supply device 11 supplies power to the load 2. Thereby, the battery management circuit 115 can perform a low voltage forced charging start procedure after the battery 112 is discharged through the low voltage to force the battery 112 to charge to a certain extent, then resume the discharge and start the load 2 operation.

Please refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , wherein FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the control method of the power supply device shown in FIG. 2 . The steps of the control method of the power supply device of the present case are as follows. First, as shown in step S20, the power supply device 11 is activated. Next, as shown in step S21, it is determined whether the power supply device 11 is activated after a low voltage forced power down procedure. If the result of the determination in step S21 is "NO", then step S22 is performed to detect the voltage or the amount of stored electricity of the battery 112, and determine whether the voltage or the amount of stored electricity of the battery 112 is lower than a predetermined discharge voltage lower limit value V _{DIS_LOW} or A preset percentage of stored electricity is the lower limit value C _LOW . If the result of the determination in step S22 is YES, then step S23 is performed, and the control unit 1151 controls the first changeover switch 1152 to be switched to the off state to turn off the power supply to the load 2 by the power supply device 11. In an embodiment, in this step, the control unit 1151 further sends a switch control signal Sc to the switch drive circuit 1155, so that the switch drive circuit 1155 controls the second switch 1154 to be turned off due to the switch control signal Sc. Thereby, the power is supplied to the power supply sequence circuit 1153 by the cutoff DC/DC converter 111. At this time, the control unit 115 will switch to the energy-saving mode in accordance with the power-supply sequence circuit 1153 in a disabled state to reduce the loss of energy.

Then, as shown in step S24, the control unit 1151 of the battery management circuit 115 continuously detects the current value of the second direct current I ₂ outputted by the DC/DC converter 111 by the current sensor 1156, and determines the DC/DC conversion. Whether the current value of the second direct current I ₂ outputted by the device 111 is greater than a preset current value I _th . When the control unit 1151 detects that the current value of the second direct current I ₂ is not greater than the preset current value I _th , then step S23 is continued. When the control unit 1151 detects that the current value of the second direct current I ₂ is greater than the preset current value I _th , step S20 is performed. When the step S20 is performed, the control unit 1151 sends a switch control signal Sc to the switch drive circuit 1155, so that the switch drive circuit 1155 controls the second changeover switch 1154 to be turned on according to the switch control signal Sc, thereby making the DC/ The DC converter 111 is powered to the power sequencing circuit 1153 to enable the power sequencing circuit 1153. Thereafter, the power sequencing circuit 1153 issues a power sequencing control signal Sp to the control unit 1151, and the control unit 1151 switches from the power saving mode to the normal operation mode according to the power timing control signal Sp. Further, the determination at step S21 is "YES", and step S25 will be executed.

Next, in step S25, the control unit 1151 detects the voltage or the amount of stored electricity of the battery 112, and determines whether the voltage or the amount of stored electricity of the battery 112 is greater than a predetermined discharge voltage upper limit value V _{DIS_HIGH} or a preset power storage percentage limit. The value C _HIGH .

When the control unit 1151 detects that the voltage of the battery 112 is greater than the preset discharge voltage upper limit value V _{DIS_HIGH} or the stored electricity amount is greater than the preset power storage percentage percentage upper limit value C _HIGH , as shown in step S26, the control unit 1151 controls the first A switch 1152 is switched to an on state to enable the power supply device 11 to supply power to the load 2. Thereby, the battery management circuit 115 can perform a low voltage forced charging start procedure after the battery 112 is discharged through the low voltage to force the battery 112 to be charged to a certain level, then resume the discharge and start the load operation.

When the control unit 1151 detects that the voltage of the battery 112 is not greater than the preset discharge voltage upper limit value V _{DIS_HIGH} or the stored power amount is not greater than the preset power storage percentage percentage upper limit value C _HIGH , as shown in step S27, the control unit 1151 The first changeover switch 1152 is controlled to be switched to an off state to turn off the power supply device 11 to supply power to the load 2. Thereafter, step S21 is repeatedly performed.

Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a battery detecting circuit of one of the power supply devices shown in Fig. 2. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4, the battery management circuit 115 of the power supply device 11 of the present invention further includes a battery detecting unit 1157 for detecting the internal resistance R _{in of the} battery 112. The battery detecting unit 1157 includes a third switching switch 1158 and a detecting resistor R _t , wherein the third switching switch 1158 is electrically connected to the battery 112 , detects one end of the resistor R _t and the control unit 1151 . The other end of the detecting resistor R _t is connected to the ground, and the detecting resistor R _t is connected in parallel with the battery 112. Since the internal resistance R _in the battery 112 increases as the usage time of the battery 112 increases, when the internal resistance R _{in the} battery 112 is greater than a predetermined impedance value R _th , it means that the battery 112 has exceeded a certain usage time. Or the fault needs to be replaced, so the battery 112 can be conveniently maintained and managed by detecting the impedance value of the internal resistance R _in the battery 112. In an embodiment, when the internal resistance R _{in the} battery 112 is to be detected, the first changeover switch 1152 is switched to the off state by the control of the control unit 1151, so that the power supply device 11 stops supplying power to the load 2, and three lines in response to the changeover switch 1158 is switched to the on state of the control of the control unit 1151, At this time, using the following equation (1) within the battery 112 detected by the resistance value of the resistance R _in:
R _in = ((V _b – V _L )/ V _L ) * R _t (1)
Where R _in is the impedance value of the internal resistance of the battery; R _t is the impedance value of the detection resistor; V _b is the terminal voltage of the battery; and V _L is the voltage value of one end of the detection resistor.

Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram showing another preferred embodiment of the power supply device shown in Fig. 1. In this embodiment, the power supply device of the present invention may include a DC/DC converter 111, a battery 112, a feedback circuit 113, an MPPT controller 114, and a battery management circuit 115, wherein the battery management circuit includes a control unit 1151, a first switch. A switch 1152, a power on sequence circuit 1153, a second changeover switch 1154, a switch drive circuit 1155, and a current sensor 1156. In this embodiment, the circuit architecture, operation mode and function of the DC/DC converter 111, the battery 112 and the battery management circuit 115 are similar to those of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and details are not described herein again.

In this embodiment, the power supply device 11 further includes a feedback circuit 113 and a maximum power tracking controller 114 (hereinafter referred to as an MPPT controller), wherein the feedback circuit 113 is electrically connected to the output of the DC/DC converter 11 And the battery 112, and a feedback voltage V _{FB is} generated according to the second DC voltage V ₂ and transmitted to the power controller 111a of the DC/DC converter 111, whereby the power controller 111a of the DC/DC converter 111 The voltage value of the second DC voltage V ₂ outputted from the DC/DC converter 111 can be controlled and adjusted in response to the voltage V _FB being fed back. Based MPPT controller 114 is electrically connected to the feedback circuit 113, and performs a maximum value according to the comparison result of the _V CH_LOW power generating unit 10 outputs the first DC voltage V ₁ and the voltage value of the one of the predetermined charging the battery voltage 112 The power tracking program adjusts the voltage value of the second DC voltage V ₂ outputted by the DC/DC converter 111 by adjusting the voltage value of the feedback voltage V _FB of the feedback circuit 113. The power of the DC/DC converter 111 is limited to a maximum power zone, and the voltage value of the second DC voltage V ₂ of the DC/DC converter 111 is not greater than a predetermined charging voltage upper limit value V _{CH_HIGH of the} battery 112.

In an embodiment, the feedback circuit 113 includes a plurality of resistors and a plurality of switching elements, wherein the plurality of resistors include but are not limited to the first resistor R ₁ , the second resistor R ₂ , the third resistor R ₃ , and the fourth resistor R ₄ and the fifth resistor R ₅ , the plurality of switching elements include, but are not limited to, the first switching element Q ₁ , the second switching element Q _{2 ,} and the third switching element Q ₃ . One end of the first resistor R ₁ is electrically connected between the output end of the DC/DC converter 111 and the battery 112, and the other end of the first resistor R ₁ and one end of the second resistor R _{2 are} connected to a common contact A, The other end of the two resistor R ₂ is connected to a ground. The third resistor R ₃ is connected in series with the first switching element Q _{1 and then} connected in parallel with the second resistor R ₂ , and the fourth resistor R ₄ is connected in series with the second switching element Q ₂ and the second resistor R ₂ and the third The resistor R _{3 is} connected in parallel, and the fifth resistor R ₅ is connected in series with the third switching element Q _{3 and then} connected in parallel with the second resistor R ₂ , the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R ₄ . The control terminals of the first switching element Q ₁ , the second switching element Q _{2 ,} and the third switching element Q ₃ are electrically connected to the MPPT controller 114 , respectively.

In an embodiment, when the MPPT controller 114 detects that the voltage value of the first DC voltage V ₁ output by the power generating unit 10 is greater than or equal to the predetermined charging voltage lower limit value V _{CH — LOW of the} battery 112, the MPPT controller 114 performs maximum power. Tracking procedures. When the maximum power tracking procedure is executed, the MPPT controller 114 generates the control signals S ₁ -S ₃ and transmits them to the first switching element Q ₁ , the second switching element Q ₂ and the second switching element Q _{3 of the} feedback circuit 113, respectively. To switch between the on and off of the first switching element Q ₁ , the second switching element Q ₂ and the second switching element Q ₃ respectively, thereby controlling the feedback circuit 113 to switch to a plurality of different sections of the voltage dividing circuit The feedback circuit 113 adjusts and controls the voltage value of the feedback voltage V _FB according to the different impedances of the voltage dividing circuits of the different segments. Thereby, the power controller 111a of the DC/DC converter 111 can control and adjust the voltage value of the second DC voltage V ₂ outputted by the DC/DC converter 111 due to the change of the voltage value of the feedback voltage V _FB . Power to charge battery 112. Therefore, the MPPT controller 114 can limit the power of the DC/DC converter 111 to a maximum power zone, and can limit the voltage value of the second DC voltage V ₂ of the DC/DC converter 111 to be no greater than the predetermined condition of the battery 112. Charge voltage upper limit value V _{CH_HIGH} .

In some embodiments, when the first switching element Q ₁ , the second switching element Q ₂ and the third switching element Q _{3 are} turned off by the MPPT controller 114, the first resistor R ₁ and the second of the feedback circuit 113 are The resistor R ₂ can be constructed as a first voltage dividing circuit. When the first switching element Q ₁ is turned on by the MPPT controller 114 and the second switching element Q ₂ and the third switching element Q _{3 are} turned off by the MPPT controller 114, the first resistor R _{1 of the} feedback circuit 113 is turned on. The second resistor R ₂ and the third resistor R ₃ may be configured as a second voltage dividing circuit. When the first switching element Q ₁ and the second switching element Q ₂ are turned on by the MPPT controller 114 and the third switching element Q ₃ is turned off by the MPPT controller 114, the first resistor R _{1 of the} feedback circuit 113 is turned off. The second resistor R ₂ , the third resistor R ₃ and the fourth resistor R ₄ may be configured as a third voltage dividing circuit. When the first switching element Q ₁ , the second switching element Q ₂ and the third switching element Q ₃ are turned on by the MPPT controller 114 , the first resistor R ₁ , the second resistor R ₂ , and the third of the feedback circuit 113 are turned on. The resistor R ₃ , the fourth resistor R ₄ and the fifth resistor R ₅ may be configured as a fourth voltage dividing circuit. Therefore, the MPPT controller 114 controls the feedback circuit 113 to switch between the first voltage dividing circuit, the second voltage dividing circuit, the third voltage dividing circuit and the fourth voltage dividing circuit, and can correspondingly adjust and The voltage value of the feedback voltage V _FB of the feedback circuit 113 is controlled. Thereby, the power controller 111a of the DC/DC converter 111 can control and adjust the voltage value of the second DC voltage V ₂ outputted by the DC/DC converter 111 due to the change of the voltage value of the feedback voltage V _FB . power.

For example, when the MPPT controller 114 controls the feedback circuit 113 to switch to the first voltage dividing circuit, the second voltage dividing circuit, the third voltage dividing circuit, or the fourth voltage dividing circuit, the DC/DC converter 111, according to the voltage value change of the feedback voltage V _FB of the feedback circuit 113, respectively output a second DC voltage V _{2 having a} voltage value of 12V, 13V, 14V or 14.8V, that is, the DC/DC converter 111 can output correspondingly The first to fourth charging voltages are used to charge the battery 112, wherein the fourth charging voltage is set to be no greater than a predetermined charging voltage upper limit value _{VCH_HIGH of the} battery 112. Certainly, the DC/DC converter 111 can adjust the voltage value and the number of segments of the second DC voltage V ₂ that can be variably output according to the feedback voltage V _{FB of the} feedback circuit 113, and is not limited thereto, and can also be applied according to practical applications. Adjust freely.

In this embodiment, the maximum power tracking procedure is implemented in a manner similar to the "perturbation observation method", but is not limited thereto. In short, the MPPT controller 114 controls the voltage value of the second DC voltage V ₂ outputted from the DC/DC converter 111 to be converted to the first to fourth charging voltages, and determines the output of the DC/DC converter 111. The direction of change of power, wherein if the voltage value of the second DC voltage V ₂ of the DC/DC converter 111 is increased for a period of time (for example, by the first charging voltage to the second charging voltage or the like), DC When the output power corresponding to the DC converter 111 is increased, the voltage value of the second DC voltage V ₂ of the DC/DC converter 111 is continuously increased in the same adjustment direction. On the other hand, if the output power corresponding to the DC/DC converter 111 is lowered, the voltage value of the second DC voltage V ₂ of the DC/DC converter 111 is adjusted in the opposite adjustment direction. In addition, if the voltage value of the second DC voltage V ₂ of the DC/DC converter 111 is adjusted downward (for example, by the third charging voltage to the second charging voltage or the like), the DC/DC converter When the corresponding output power is increased by 111, the voltage value of the second DC voltage V ₂ of the DC/DC converter 111 is continuously decreased in the same adjustment direction. On the other hand, if the output power corresponding to the DC/DC converter 111 is lowered, the voltage value of the second DC voltage V ₂ of the DC/DC converter 111 is increased in the opposite adjustment direction. Thereby, the power of the DC/DC converter 111 can be limited to a maximum power zone, and the voltage value of the second DC voltage V ₂ of the DC/DC converter 111 is not greater than the predetermined charging voltage upper limit. V _{CH_HIGH} .

Therefore, the power supply device 11 of the present _invention can perform the maximum power tracking procedure when the MPPT controller 114 determines that the voltage value of the first DC voltage V ₁ of the power generating unit 10 is greater than or equal to a predetermined charging voltage lower limit value V _{CH — LOW of the} battery 112. By controlling and adjusting the voltage value of the feedback voltage V _FB of the feedback circuit 113, the voltage value of the second DC voltage V ₂ of the DC/DC converter 111 is adjusted correspondingly to the power, so that the DC/DC converter is enabled. The power of 111 is limited to a maximum power zone, so that maximum power tracking can be achieved while the battery 112 is safely charged to achieve the highest efficiency balance between battery charging and power unit output. In addition, the voltage value of the second DC voltage V ₂ of the DC/DC converter 111 is limited to be not greater than the predetermined charging voltage upper limit value V _{CH — HIGH} , thereby preventing the battery 112 from affecting the battery 112 due to excessive charging voltage or overcharging. The service life or damage to the battery 112. The circuit structure of the renewable energy power supply system 1 and its power supply device 11 of the present invention is simple and low in cost.

In one embodiment, the renewable energy power supply system 1 of the present invention can be configured to be portable and used as a mobile power source to provide power for various electronic devices or devices.

In summary, the renewable energy power supply system 1 and the power supply device 11 of the present invention can realize a low voltage protection mechanism by the battery management circuit, and can avoid the suspension discharge and recovery formed by the conventional technology when the charge amount is less than the load power consumption. The discharge cycle causes the load to repeatedly switch, which in turn causes load damage, and can solve the conventional technology. When the battery is low voltage, the battery voltage continues to decrease due to the power consumption of the controller, and the battery voltage is too low, resulting in abnormal load operation or battery. Charging function is worn out. In addition, the power supply device 11 of the present invention has a battery 112 life detecting function, which can conveniently and quickly detect the usable state of the battery 112, and facilitate the management and maintenance of the battery 112. Furthermore, the power supply device of the present invention utilizes a battery as a relay, thereby preventing surges to protect the load, and eliminating the installation cost of the surge device.
This case has been modified by people who are familiar with the technology, but it is not intended to be protected by the scope of the patent application.

2: load
10: Power generation unit
11: Power supply device
V ₁ : first DC voltage
I ₁ : first direct current
V ₂ : second DC voltage
I ₂ : second direct current
P: power
111: DC / DC converter
112: Battery
115: Battery Management Circuit
1151: Control unit
1152: The first switch
1153: Power sequencing circuit
1154: Second switch
1155: Switch drive circuit
1156: Current sensor
Sc: switch control signal
Sp: power supply timing control signal

Claims (1)

A renewable energy power supply system comprising:

a power generating unit that receives a regenerative energy and converts the regenerative energy into a first direct current voltage and a first direct current, and outputs the same;

A power supply device is electrically connected between the power generating unit and a load, and includes:

a DC/DC converter electrically connected to an output end of the power generating unit, and receiving the first DC voltage and the first DC current and converting into a second DC voltage and a second DC current, and outputting;

a battery electrically connected between the output of the DC/DC converter and the load, and configured to store energy output by the DC/DC converter or release the stored energy to the load;

a battery management circuit for managing and protecting the battery, wherein when the voltage or the stored power of the battery is lower than a predetermined discharge voltage lower limit value or a preset power storage percentage percentage lower limit value, the battery The management circuit intercepts the power supply device to supply power to the load; and when the current value of the second direct current is greater than a predetermined current value, and when the voltage of the battery or the stored power is greater than a predetermined upper limit of the discharge voltage The battery management circuit enables the power supply device to supply power to the load when the value or a predetermined amount of stored electricity percentage is an upper limit value.

2. The renewable energy power supply system of claim 1, wherein the power generating unit is a solar panel, a wind turbine or a fuel cell.

3. The renewable energy power supply system of claim 1, wherein the battery management circuit comprises:

a control unit configured to control operation of the battery management circuit;

a first switch is electrically connected between the battery, the control unit and the load, and the output of the DC/DC converter, between the control unit and the load, so as to be controlled by the control unit Switching between conduction and cutoff, so that the power supply device supplies power to the load or stops supplying power;

a power supply sequence circuit, one end of the power supply sequence circuit is electrically connected between the output end of the DC/DC converter and the battery, and the other end of the power supply sequence circuit is electrically connected to the control unit, and is generated a power supply timing control signal to the control unit;

a second switching switch electrically connected between the power sequencing circuit and the output of the DC/DC converter;

a switch driving circuit electrically connected between the second switching switch and the control unit to drive the second switching switch to perform an on or off switching operation according to control of the control unit;

A current sensor is electrically connected to the output end of the DC/DC converter and the control unit, and senses the current value of the second DC current, and provides the sensing result to the control unit.

4. The renewable energy power supply system of claim 3, wherein the control unit detects that the voltage of the battery or the stored power is lower than the preset discharge voltage lower limit value or the preset power storage amount. When the percentage is lower than the limit value, the control unit of the battery management circuit executes a low voltage forced power-off procedure to cut off the power supply device to supply power to the load.

5. The renewable energy power supply system of claim 3, wherein the control unit detects that the voltage of the battery or the stored power is lower than the preset discharge voltage lower limit value or the preset power storage amount respectively. When the percentage is lower limit, the control unit sends a switch control signal to the switch drive circuit, so that the switch drive circuit controls the second switch to be turned off due to the switch control signal to cut off the DC/DC conversion. The device supplies power to the power supply sequence circuit, and the control unit switches to an energy-saving mode according to the power supply sequence circuit in a disabled state.

6. The regenerative power supply system of claim 3, wherein when the control unit detects that the current value of the second direct current is greater than the preset current value, the control unit sends a switch control signal to The switch drive circuit causes the switch drive circuit to switch the second switch to an on state due to the switch control signal, so that the DC/DC converter supplies power to the power sequence circuit to enable the power sequence circuit, and The power sequencing circuit sends the power timing control signal to the control unit.

7. The regenerative power supply system of claim 6, wherein the control unit is responsively switched to a normal operation mode according to the power supply timing control signal, and the control unit detects the voltage of the battery or the storage battery Whether the quantity is greater than the preset discharge voltage upper limit value or the preset storage power percentage percentage upper limit value, respectively.

8. The regenerative power supply system of claim 7, wherein the control unit detects that the voltage of the battery is greater than the preset discharge voltage upper limit value or the stored electricity amount is greater than the preset power storage percentage. When the upper limit value is reached, the control unit controls the first switch to be switched to an on state, so that the power supply device can supply power to the load.

9. The regenerative power supply system of claim 3, wherein the battery management circuit further comprises a battery detection unit configured to detect an internal resistance of the battery, and comprising:

a third switch electrically connected to the battery and the control unit;

a detecting resistor, one end of the detecting resistor is electrically connected to the third switching switch, the other end of the detecting resistor is electrically connected to a ground, and the detecting resistor is connected in parallel with the battery.

Wherein, when detecting the internal resistance of the battery, the first switching-on relationship is switched to an off state, and the third switching-on relationship is switched to an on state.

10. The renewable energy power supply system of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:

a feedback circuit electrically connected between the output end of the DC/DC converter and the battery, and generating a feedback voltage according to the second DC voltage and transmitting to the DC/DC converter;

a maximum power tracking controller electrically coupled to the feedback circuit and performing a maximum power tracking procedure based on a comparison between a voltage value of the first DC voltage and a predetermined charging voltage lower limit value of the battery Controlling and adjusting a voltage value of the feedback voltage of the feedback circuit, so that the voltage value of the second DC voltage output by the DC/DC converter is adjusted correspondingly to a power, so that the DC/DC converter The power is limited to a maximum power zone, and the voltage value of the second DC voltage of the DC/DC converter is not greater than a predetermined charging voltage upper limit value of the battery.

11. A power supply device with a battery protection function electrically connected between a power generation unit and a load, wherein the power generation unit receives a regenerative energy and converts the regenerative energy into a first DC voltage and a first DC After the current is output, the power supply device with the battery protection function includes:

a DC/DC converter receives the first DC voltage and the first DC current and converts it into a second DC voltage and a second DC current, and outputs the signal;

a battery electrically connected between the output of the DC/DC converter and the load, and configured to store energy output by the DC/DC converter or release the stored energy to the load;

a battery management circuit for managing and protecting the battery, wherein when the voltage or the stored power of the battery is lower than a predetermined discharge voltage lower limit value or a preset power storage percentage percentage lower limit value, the battery The management circuit intercepts the power supply device to supply power to the load; and when the current value of the second direct current is greater than a predetermined current value, and when the voltage of the battery or the stored power is greater than a predetermined upper limit of the discharge voltage The battery management circuit enables the power supply device to supply power to the load when the value or a predetermined amount of stored electricity percentage is an upper limit value.

12. A method of controlling a power supply device, wherein the power supply device is electrically connected between a power generating unit and a load, the power generating unit receiving a renewable energy source and converting the renewable energy source into a first DC voltage and a After the first DC current is output, the power supply device includes a DC/DC converter, a battery, and a battery management circuit, and the DC/DC converter receives the first DC voltage and the first DC current and converts it into a first After outputting two DC voltages and a second DC current, the control method of the power supply device includes the steps of:

Detecting a voltage or a stored amount of the battery, and when the battery management circuit determines that the voltage or the stored power of the battery is lower than a predetermined discharge voltage lower limit value or a preset power storage percentage percentage lower limit value The battery management circuit intercepts the power supply device to supply power to the load;

Detecting a current value of the second direct current, and when the battery management circuit determines that the current value of the second direct current is greater than a preset current value, and when the battery management circuit determines the voltage or the stored power of the battery respectively The battery management circuit enables the power supply device to supply power to the load when it is greater than a predetermined discharge voltage upper limit value or a predetermined power storage percentage percentage upper limit value.