CN108914371A - 一种隔音隔热玻璃纤维棉毡 - Google Patents
一种隔音隔热玻璃纤维棉毡 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种隔音隔热玻璃纤维棉毡，属于玻璃纤维材料技术领域，该玻璃纤维棉毡由表面涂覆树脂粘结剂的玻璃纤维棉层堆叠后，经高温固化而成；玻璃纤维棉层中玻璃纤维棉为直径在1.5‑3.0μm之间正态分布的超细高硅氧玻璃纤维棉，该超细高硅氧玻璃纤维棉中氧化硅的含量≥95％。该隔音隔热玻璃纤维棉毡中超细高硅氧玻璃纤维棉以无碱玻璃纤维棉为原料，经过酸沥滤、水洗等步骤制得，使得该超细高硅氧玻璃纤维棉中出现多而密的微小空隙，使得最终制备的玻璃纤维棉毡具有优异的隔热隔音功能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于玻璃纤维材料技术领域，具体涉及一种隔音隔热玻璃纤维棉毡。
背景技术
玻璃棉毡是施加了树脂粘结剂的玻璃纤维在空间无序交错穿插，加温固化成型后纤维呈无定向三维结构排布的毡状材料，玻璃棉毡内部有大量孔隙，孔隙率高达70％～90％，具有良好的保温和隔音性能，被广泛应用于建筑、石油、交通、航空航天等保温隔音领域。但是，由于目前用于制备玻璃纤维棉毡的纤维直径较粗，通常为7μm以上，而且玻璃棉毡的分层效果不好，通常呈现交错重叠的状态，从而使玻璃棉毡的性能受到很大影响，不能达到很好的隔热隔音效果。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种隔音隔热玻璃纤维棉毡。
为达到上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
1、一种隔音隔热玻璃纤维棉毡，所述玻璃纤维棉毡由表面涂覆树脂粘结剂的玻璃纤维棉层堆叠后，经高温固化而成；所述玻璃纤维棉层中玻璃纤维棉为直径在1.5-3.0μm之间正态分布的超细高硅氧玻璃纤维棉，所述超细高硅氧玻璃纤维棉中氧化硅的含量≥95％。
优选的，所述玻璃纤维棉毡中层与层之间的距离为30-60μm。
优选的，所述玻璃纤维棉毡中树脂粘结剂的含量为10-20％。
优选的，所述树脂粘结剂固化后的厚度为0.02-0.08μm。
优选的，所述树脂粘结剂由水溶性酚醛树脂、助剂和去离子水按质量比1:2-2.3:32-34组成，所述助剂按质量份计，由15-20份尿素、70-100份瓦克硅油、3-10份三聚氰胺、20-30份丙烯酸、1-6份硫酸铵和50-70份去离子水组成。
优选的，超细高硅氧玻璃纤维棉由如下方法制备：
(1)酸沥滤：按质量比1:70-105将无碱玻璃纤维棉与酸混合，先在45-55℃下保温1-2h，在在95℃保温0.6-0.8h后在搅拌速度为100-180r/min下进行酸沥滤，所述酸中H+的当量浓度为1-3N/L；
(2)水洗：将经步骤(1)处理后的无碱玻璃纤维棉水洗至所述无碱玻璃纤维棉表面pH＞5；
(3)烘干及烧结：将经步骤(2)处理后的无碱玻璃纤维棉先在120-180℃下保温60-90min，再依次升温至570-580℃保温30-60min，升温到620-630℃保温30-60min，升温到710-800℃保温30-60min，然后自然冷却，即可。
优选的，步骤(1)中，所述无碱玻璃纤维棉按质量百分比计，由如下组分组成：SiO255-58％、Al2O3 10-18％、MgO+CaO 15-25％、B2O3 6-8％、R2O＜0.8％、Fe2O3＜0.4％、F0.3％、TiO2＜0.5％。
优选的，步骤(1)中，所述酸为盐酸、硝酸或硫酸中的至少一种。
本发明的有益效果在于：本发明提供了一种隔音隔热玻璃纤维棉毡，该隔音隔热玻璃纤维棉毡的孔隙率＞95％，导热系数为0.02W/m·K(20℃)～0.032W/m·K(20℃)，500Hz倍频下传声损耗为2dB～6dB，1000Hz倍频下传声损耗为3dB～10dB，2000Hz倍频下传声损耗为5dB～18dB，4000Hz倍频下传声损耗为7dB～28dB。
该隔音隔热玻璃纤维棉毡以直径在1.5-3.0μm之间正态分布，氧化硅的含量≥95％的超细高硅氧玻璃纤维棉层为原料，通过高温固化后制得层与层之间的距离为30-60μm的玻璃纤维棉毡，棉毡中各层之间接近平行排布，从而保证了其具有较好的隔热隔音功能。进一步，该隔音隔热玻璃纤维棉毡中超细高硅氧玻璃纤维棉以无碱玻璃纤维棉为原料，经过酸沥滤、水洗等步骤制得，使得该超细高硅氧玻璃纤维棉中出现多而密的微小空隙，能够进一步提升最终制备的玻璃纤维棉毡的隔热隔音功能。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明的优选实施例进行详细的描述。
实施例1
一种隔音隔热玻璃纤维棉毡，该玻璃纤维棉毡中超细高硅氧玻璃纤维棉的直径在1.5-3.0μm之间正态分布，且氧化硅的含量为96.5％，棉毡中树脂粘结剂的含量为15％，树脂粘结剂固化后的厚度为0.05μm。棉毡中层与层之间的距离为30μm，其孔隙率为98％，该棉毡导热系数为0.02W/m·K(20℃)，500Hz倍频下传声损耗为2dB，1000Hz倍频下传声损耗为4dB，2000Hz倍频下传声损耗为7.5dB，4000Hz倍频下传声损耗为14dB。
其中，树脂粘结剂由水溶性酚醛树脂、助剂和去离子水按质量比1:2.1:32组成，所述助剂按质量份计，由15份尿素、100份瓦克硅油、8份三聚氰胺、20份丙烯酸、3份硫酸铵和70份去离子水组成。
该隔音隔热玻璃纤维棉毡中超细高硅氧玻璃纤维棉由如下方法制备：
(1)酸沥滤：按质量比1:88将无碱玻璃纤维棉与酸混合，先在45℃下保温2h，在95℃保温0.7h后在搅拌速度为180r/min下进行酸沥滤，所述酸中H+的当量浓度为2N/L；其中，无碱玻璃纤维棉按质量百分比计，由如下组分组成：SiO2 55％、Al2O3 15％、MgO+CaO 23％、B2O3 6％、R2O 0.4％、Fe2O3 0.2％、F 0.3％、TiO2 0.1％；
(2)水洗：将经步骤(1)处理后的无碱玻璃纤维棉水洗至所述无碱玻璃纤维棉表面pH为7；
(3)烘干及烧结：将经步骤(2)处理后的无碱玻璃纤维棉先在120℃下保温90min，再依次升温至570℃保温60min，升温到620℃保温60min，升温到710℃保温60min，然后自然冷却，即可。
实施例2
一种隔音隔热玻璃纤维棉毡，该玻璃纤维棉毡中超细高硅氧玻璃纤维棉的直径在1.5-3.0μm之间正态分布，且氧化硅的含量为97％，棉毡中树脂粘结剂的含量为10％，树脂粘结剂固化后的厚度为0.02μm。棉毡中层与层之间的距离为60μm，其孔隙率为97.5％，该棉毡导热系数为0.028W/m·K(20℃)，500Hz倍频下传声损耗为4dB，1000Hz倍频下传声损耗为8dB，2000Hz倍频下传声损耗为14.5dB，4000Hz倍频下传声损耗为22dB。
其中，树脂粘结剂由水溶性酚醛树脂、助剂和去离子水按质量比1:2.3:33组成，所述助剂按质量份计，由17份尿素、70份瓦克硅油、10份三聚氰胺、25份丙烯酸、1份硫酸铵和50份去离子水组成。
该隔音隔热玻璃纤维棉毡中超细高硅氧玻璃纤维棉由如下方法制备：
(1)酸沥滤：按质量比1:105将无碱玻璃纤维棉与酸混合，先在50℃下保温1.5h，在95℃保温0.6h后在搅拌速度为150r/min下进行酸沥滤，所述酸中H+的当量浓度为3N/L；其中，无碱玻璃纤维棉按质量百分比计，由如下组分组成：SiO2 56.5％、Al2O3 18％、MgO+CaO16％、B2O3 8％、R2O 0.6％、Fe2O3 0.2％、F 0.3％、TiO2 0.4％；
(2)水洗：将经步骤(1)处理后的无碱玻璃纤维棉水洗至所述无碱玻璃纤维棉表面pH为8；
(3)烘干及烧结：将经步骤(2)处理后的无碱玻璃纤维棉先在150℃下保温75min，再依次升温至580℃保温30min，升温到625℃保温45min，升温到750℃保温45min，然后自然冷却，即可。
实施例3
一种隔音隔热玻璃纤维棉毡，该玻璃纤维棉毡中超细高硅氧玻璃纤维棉的直径在1.5-3.0μm之间正态分布，且氧化硅的含量为95％，棉毡中树脂粘结剂的含量为20％，树脂粘结剂固化后的厚度为0.08μm。棉毡中层与层之间的距离为45μm，其孔隙率为96％，该棉毡导热系数为0.032W/m·K(20℃)，500Hz倍频下传声损耗为6dB，1000Hz倍频下传声损耗为9dB，2000Hz倍频下传声损耗为17dB，4000Hz倍频下传声损耗为28dB。
其中，树脂粘结剂由水溶性酚醛树脂、助剂和去离子水按质量比1:2:34组成，所述助剂按质量份计，由20份尿素、82份瓦克硅油、3份三聚氰胺、30份丙烯酸、6份硫酸铵和60份去离子水组成。
该隔音隔热玻璃纤维棉毡中超细高硅氧玻璃纤维棉由如下方法制备：
(1)酸沥滤：按质量比1:70将无碱玻璃纤维棉与酸混合，先在55℃下保温1h，在95℃保温0.8h后在搅拌速度为100r/min下进行酸沥滤，所述酸中H+的当量浓度为1N/L；其中，无碱玻璃纤维棉按质量百分比计，由如下组分组成：SiO2 58％、Al2O3 10％、MgO+CaO 24％、B2O3 6.5％、R2O 0.7％、Fe2O3 0.3％、F 0.3％、TiO2 0.2％；
(2)水洗：将经步骤(1)处理后的无碱玻璃纤维棉水洗至所述无碱玻璃纤维棉表面pH为6；
(3)烘干及烧结：将经步骤(2)处理后的无碱玻璃纤维棉先在180℃下保温60min，再依次升温至575℃保温45min，升温到630℃保温30min，升温到800℃保温30min，然后自然冷却，即可。
最后说明的是，以上优选实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管通过上述优选实施例已经对本发明进行了详细的描述，但本领域技术人员应当理解，可以在形式上和细节上对其作出各种各样的改变，而不偏离本发明权利要求书所限定的范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种隔音隔热玻璃纤维棉毡，其特征在于，所述玻璃纤维棉毡由表面涂覆树脂粘结剂的玻璃纤维棉层堆叠后，经高温固化而成；所述玻璃纤维棉层中玻璃纤维棉为直径在1.5-3.0μm之间正态分布的超细高硅氧玻璃纤维棉，所述超细高硅氧玻璃纤维棉中氧化硅的含量≥95％。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种隔音隔热玻璃纤维棉毡，其特征在于，所述玻璃纤维棉毡中层与层之间的距离为30-60μm。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种隔音隔热玻璃纤维棉毡，其特征在于，所述玻璃纤维棉毡中树脂粘结剂的含量为10-20％。
4.如权利要求3所述的一种隔音隔热玻璃纤维棉毡，其特征在于，所述树脂粘结剂固化后的厚度为0.02-0.08μm。
5.如权利要求4所述的一种隔音隔热玻璃纤维棉毡，其特征在于，所述树脂粘结剂由水溶性酚醛树脂、助剂和去离子水按质量比1:2-2.3:32-34组成，所述助剂按质量份计，由15-20份尿素、70-100份瓦克硅油、3-10份三聚氰胺、20-30份丙烯酸、1-6份硫酸铵和50-70份去离子水组成。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种隔音隔热玻璃纤维棉毡，其特征在于，超细高硅氧玻璃纤维棉由如下方法制备：
(1)酸沥滤：按质量比1:70-105将无碱玻璃纤维棉与酸混合，先在45-55℃下保温1-2h，在在95℃保温0.6-0.8h后在搅拌速度为100-180r/min下进行酸沥滤，所述酸中H+的当量浓度为1-3N/L；
(2)水洗：将经步骤(1)处理后的无碱玻璃纤维棉水洗至所述无碱玻璃纤维棉表面pH＞5；
(3)烘干及烧结：将经步骤(2)处理后的无碱玻璃纤维棉先在120-180℃下保温60-90min，再依次升温至570-580℃保温30-60min，升温到620-630℃保温30-60min，升温到710-800℃保温30-60min，然后自然冷却，即可。
7.如权利要求6所述的一种隔音隔热玻璃纤维棉毡，其特征在于，步骤(1)中，所述无碱玻璃纤维棉按质量百分比计，由如下组分组成：SiO2 55-58％、Al2O3 10-18％、MgO+CaO 15-25％、B2O3 6-8％、R2O＜0.8％、Fe2O3＜0.4％、F 0.3％、TiO2＜0.5％。
8.如权利要求6所述的一种隔音隔热玻璃纤维棉毡，其特征在于，步骤(1)中，所述酸为盐酸、硝酸或硫酸中的至少一种。
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