CN108914119A - A kind of preparation method incuding cladding slider bed platen - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method incuding cladding slider bed platen Download PDFInfo
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- CN108914119A CN108914119A CN201810868095.7A CN201810868095A CN108914119A CN 108914119 A CN108914119 A CN 108914119A CN 201810868095 A CN201810868095 A CN 201810868095A CN 108914119 A CN108914119 A CN 108914119A
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- cladding
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- slider bed
- bed platen
- matrix
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of preparation method for incuding cladding slider bed platen, and surface cladding alloy and slider bed platen matrix are to form metallurgical bonding using superaudio induction cladding method；The slider bed platen basis material is cast steel, and the chemical component of the surface cladding alloy is by weight：Cr 15-20, Ni 7-10, Si 2-4, B 1.5-3.5, C < 0.15, surplus Fe；It is an advantage of the invention that：Heating speed is fast and cladding is high-efficient；Surface cladding alloy is with slider bed platen substrate combinating strength height and without slag inclusion；With excellent comprehensive performance：Matrix toughness and welding performance are good, cladding alloy have surface hardness height, wear resistant and rustproof, unlubricated friction power is small and shock resistance is good；With good antifriction performance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal surface Overlaying Modification Technology field, in particular to a kind of preparation side for incuding cladding slider bed platen
Method.
Background technique
Slider bed platen is the important component for carrying railway switch tongue and heart rail, existing since track switch is in open-air atmosphere
Cast steel slider bed platen carries and serves the working surface of sliding, low, frictional force that there are hardness greatly, it is easy on become rusty and wear no resistance
The problem of, cause tongue and heart rail that Scant displacement occurs in track switch conversion, cannot realize that safety is closely connected with track switch stock rail, directly
Connecing influences track switch conversion and train operating safety.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim to address the problems of existing cast steel slider bed platens, provide a kind of induction cladding slider bed platform
The preparation method of plate.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that：
A kind of preparation method incuding cladding slider bed platen, surface cladding alloy and slider bed platen matrix are using superaudio
Incude cladding method and forms metallurgical bonding；
The slider bed platen basis material is cast steel, and the chemical component of the surface cladding alloy is by weight：
Cr 15-20, Ni 7-10, Si 2-4, B 1.5-3.5, C < 0.15, surplus Fe；
Preparation method includes the following steps：
(1) surface cladding alloy is complete pre-alloyed：In advance by the various alloying components of surface cladding alloy by above-mentioned
Proportion heats melting using electric furnace, and smelting temperature is 1480-1580 DEG C, and melted alloy molten steel is poured into ladle heat insulation 25-
45 minutes, 200-325 mesh alloy powder then is made using atomization powder injection process in alloy molten steel again, is formed completely pre-alloyed
Surface cladding alloy；Chromium and nickel form solid solution in the alloy, and chromium also generates chromium carbide with the carbon in alloy, generates boron with boron
Change chromium hard phase；Nickel and silicon generate nickle silicide, nickel and boron and generate nickel borides；
(2) matrix is cast
Slider bed platen matrix precoated sand casting mold is made, precoated sand refractoriness is 1900-2000 DEG C, molding composition stack-type casting
System, the melting slider bed platen basis material in electric furnace, smelting temperature are 1580-1650 DEG C, then casting complete slider bed platen
Matrix casting；
(3) it pre-processes
Slider bed platen matrix surface is pre-processed using blasting method before induction cladding；
(4) alloy is precoated
Alloy powder is applied to the cladding surface of slider bed platen matrix in advance using directly cold painting or hot coating method；
(5) incude cladding
Surface cladding alloy and slider bed platen matrix are formed by metallurgical bonding using superaudio induction cladding method.
In matrix casting step, stack-type is 5-9 layers.
In precoating alloy step, alloy is precoated with a thickness of 4.5-6.5mm.
In induction cladding step, power 80-160KW, voltage 380V, frequency 15-50KHz, pressure cooling medium >=
0.03Mpa, inductor and cladding surface spacing 3-6mm, alloy cladding thickness 1.5-3.5mm；Alloy cladding speed 60-120mm/
min；
It is an advantage of the invention that：
Heating speed is fast and cladding is high-efficient；
Surface cladding alloy is with slider bed platen substrate combinating strength height and without slag inclusion；
With excellent comprehensive performance：Matrix toughness and welding performance are good, and cladding alloy has surface hardness high, wear-resisting
Antirust, unlubricated friction power are small and shock resistance is good；With good antifriction performance.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
(1) surface cladding alloy is complete pre-alloyed：In advance by weight by the various alloying components of surface cladding alloy
Than for：Cr 15, Ni 10, Si 3, B 1.5, C < 0.15, surplus Fe, after above-mentioned alloy ratio matches ingredient, using electric furnace plus
Hot smelting, smelting temperature are 1480-1580 DEG C, and melted alloy molten steel is poured into ladle heat insulation 25-45 minutes, then again will
200-325 mesh alloy powder is made using atomization powder injection process in alloy molten steel, forms completely pre-alloyed surface cladding alloy；
Chromium and nickel form solid solution in the alloy, and chromium also generates chromium carbide with the carbon in alloy, generates chromium boride hard phase with boron；Nickel with
Silicon generates nickle silicide, nickel and boron and generates nickel borides.
(2) matrix is cast
Slider bed platen matrix precoated sand casting mold, the requirement of precoated sand refractoriness are made using core shooter：1900-2000 DEG C, casting
3, one type of type；
Molding composition stack-type running gate system, 8 layers of stack-type；
The melting slider bed platen basis material in electric furnace, is then poured slider bed platen and completes by 1580-1650 DEG C of smelting temperature
Matrix casting.
(3) is pre-processed
Purification pretreatment is carried out using blasting method to slider bed platen matrix surface before cladding；
(4) alloy is precoated
Alloy powder is applied to using directly cold painting or hot coating method by slider bed platen matrix cladding surface in advance, precoats alloyed powder
Last thickness 5mm；
(5) incude cladding
Superaudio incudes cladding device parameter：Power 110KW, voltage 380V, frequency 25KHz, pressure cooling medium >=
0.03Mpa, inductor and workpiece spacing 5mm, cladding alloy thickness 2.5mm；Cladding alloy speed 80mm/min；
Embodiment 2
(1) surface cladding alloy is complete pre-alloyed：In advance by weight by the various alloying components of surface cladding alloy
Than for：Cr 17, Ni 8, Si 3, B 2.5, C < 0.15, surplus Fe are heated after above-mentioned alloy ratio matches ingredient using electric furnace
Melting, smelting temperature are 1480-1580 DEG C, and melted alloy molten steel is poured into ladle heat insulation 25-45 minutes, then will be closed again
200-325 mesh alloy powder is made using atomization powder injection process in golden molten steel, forms completely pre-alloyed surface cladding alloy；Chromium
Solid solution is formed in the alloy with nickel, and chromium also generates chromium carbide with the carbon in alloy, generates chromium boride hard phase with boron；Nickel and silicon
It generates nickle silicide, nickel and boron and generates nickel borides.
(2) matrix is cast
Slider bed platen matrix precoated sand casting mold, the requirement of precoated sand refractoriness are made using core shooter：1900-2000 DEG C, casting
2, one type of type；
Molding composition stack-type running gate system, 5 layers of stack-type；
The melting slider bed platen basis material in electric furnace, is then poured slider bed platen and completes by 1580-1650 DEG C of smelting temperature
Matrix casting.
(3) is pre-processed
Purification pretreatment is carried out using blasting method to slider bed platen matrix surface before cladding；
(4) alloy is precoated
Alloy powder is applied to using directly cold painting or hot coating method by slider bed platen matrix cladding surface in advance, precoats alloyed powder
Last thickness 4.5mm；
(5) incude cladding
Superaudio incudes cladding device parameter：Power 160KW, voltage 380V, frequency 50KHz, pressure cooling medium >=
0.03Mpa, inductor and workpiece spacing 6mm, cladding alloy thickness 3.5mm；Cladding alloy speed 60mm/min；
Embodiment 3
(1) surface cladding alloy is complete pre-alloyed：In advance by weight by the various alloying components of surface cladding alloy
Than for：Cr 20, Ni 7, Si 4, B 3.5, C < 0.15, surplus Fe, after above-mentioned alloy ratio matches ingredient, above-mentioned alloy ratio
After ingredient, melting is heated using electric furnace, smelting temperature is 1480-1580 DEG C, and melted alloy molten steel is poured into ladle and is protected
It is 25-45 minutes warm, 200-325 mesh alloy powder then is made using atomization powder injection process in alloy molten steel again, is formed completely pre-
The surface cladding alloy of alloying；Chromium and nickel form solid solution in the alloy, and chromium also generates chromium carbide and boron with the carbon in alloy
Generate chromium boride hard phase；Nickel and silicon generate nickle silicide, nickel and boron and generate nickel borides.
(2) matrix is cast
Slider bed platen matrix precoated sand casting mold, the requirement of precoated sand refractoriness are made using core shooter：1900-2000 DEG C, casting
2, one type of type；
Molding composition stack-type running gate system, 5 layers of stack-type；
The melting slider bed platen basis material in electric furnace, is then poured slider bed platen and completes by 1580-1650 DEG C of smelting temperature
Matrix casting.
(3) is pre-processed
Purification pretreatment is carried out using blasting method to slider bed platen matrix surface before cladding；
(4) alloy is precoated
Alloy powder is applied to using directly cold painting or hot coating method by slider bed platen matrix cladding surface in advance, precoats alloyed powder
Last thickness 4.5mm；
(5) incude cladding
Superaudio incudes cladding device parameter：Power 80KW, voltage 380V, frequency 15KHz, pressure cooling medium >=
0.03Mpa, inductor and workpiece spacing 3mm, cladding alloy thickness 1.5mm；Cladding alloy speed 120mm/min；
In the present invention, described its chemical component of surface cladding alloy is by weight：Cr 15-20,Ni 7-10,Si
2-4, B 1.5-3.5, C < 0.15, surplus Fe, surface cladding alloy powder are to add chromium nickel using ferro element as main component
The chemical elements such as silicon boron carbon form siderochrome nisiloy boron alloy, add chromium in the alloy, the effect of nickel element is that chromium and nickel are in alloy
Middle formation solid solution, enhances the intensity and antirust corrosion resisting property of alloy, chromium also in alloy carbon and boron generate chromium carbide and boron
Change chromium hard phase；Nickel improves the hardness and wear-resisting property of alloy with the nickle silicide that silicon, boron generate together with nickel borides, in the alloy
The effect of addition silicon and boron element is that siliceous, boron element alloy powder fusing point is lower and has good deoxidation and slag making
Can, influence of the content of boron to pre-alloyed powder fusing point is shown in Table 1, and due to the increase of boron, silicon content, alloy rigidity is therewith
Increase, the hardness of alloy can be also adjusted according to the increase and decrease of boron in alloy, silicon content, boron and silicon are to pre-alloyed powder hardness
Influence, be shown in Table 2 and table 3,
Influence (Cr20, Ni 7, Si 4, B1.5-3.5, C 0.12, surplus Fe) of 1 boron of table to pre-alloyed powder fusing point
Influence (Cr20, Ni 7, Si 2.0, B1.5-3.5, C 0.12, surplus Fe) of 2 boron of table to prealloy powder hardness
Influence (Cr20, Ni 7, Si 2.0-4.0, B1.5, C 0.12, surplus Fe) of 3 silicon of table to prealloy powder hardness
The preparation method of surface cladding alloy powder is matched according to designed alloying component, in advance by various alloys
Ingredient is smelted into alloy smelting process：It is heated using electric furnace, heating temperature is 1480-1580 degrees Celsius, which can guarantee conjunction
Golden ingredient forms liquid phase, and (in fact, fusion temperature is 980-1130 degrees Celsius, but temperature is low cannot form complete liquid phase, can not
Form the metal component analyzed of front, if chromium and nickel form solid solution in the alloy, chromium also in alloy carbon generation chromium carbide,
Chromium boride hard phase is generated with boron；Nickel and silicon generate nickle silicide, nickel and boron and generate nickel borides), it then will contain various alloy members
Completely pre-alloyed powder is made using atomization powder injection process in the alloy of element, since each alloy powder particle includes composition
The various elements of alloy and it is heated when the phases such as the chromium carbide that is formed and chromium boride, therefore the alloying component of surface sintering alloy powder
Uniformity is fine, and eutectic point is more much lower than single element fusing point in alloy, in cladding process, as long as inductor heating temperature reaches
When more than to the liquidus curve of surface cladding alloyed powder, i.e., it will entirely precoat alloy powder melts and cladding is fine and close；Surface cladding closes
Bronze end is as the effect of slider bed platen surface cladding alloy：Integrated metallurgical bonding, cladding temperature are formed with slider bed platen matrix
Spend low, cladding performance is good, surfacing and thickness are easily-controllable, and surface hardness is higher, friction is small, antirust is wear-resisting and good impact
Performance；
Atomization powder injection process refers to one kind of gas atomization, ultrasonic atomizatio method, common centrifugal atomization, the target of atomization
It is the more partial sizes of output in 20~45 μm of powder.Atomized powder material has following characteristics：
Material granule is thin, homogeneous materials easy to form；
The production process of dusty material：Atomization is a rapid solidification, and powder has the characteristic of subcooled material；
Forming core, crystal growth of the liquid material in atomization process are completed at moment (Millisecond), because external is strong cold
But and other surfaces and Interface Factors influence (being exactly forming core core as the oxidation film that surface is formed in atomization process), are atomized
The general forming core of drop can be since surface with crystal growth.But it when drop internal has powerful nucleation mass point, can generate
Internal forming core generates homogeneous materials.
The powder particle of surface or internal homogeneous nucleation has very beautiful powder morphology, and ingredient is uniform；And surface is different
The growth of matter forming core will form a large amount of dendrite and component segregation inside powder particle, influence the performance of functional powders material.
Liquid material purification can be reduced atomized drop inhomogeneity core, improve dusty material performance.
In the case where the external motivating force of same cooling velocity pushes, big droplet is practical to have different cooling velocity and solidification
Process, droplet is practical after bigger cooling velocity, so the tissue of small particle powder particle thinner even quasi-crystalline substance, amorphous
Deng big grain crystalline substance particle is generally polycrystalline tissue.
So possessed by size powder particle mutually and institutional framework is also different, because phase structure it is different caused by material
Performance difference is also very big.
The metal powder powder by atomization system of Huzhou Hui Jin material Science and Technology Ltd. can be used in equipment of the invention.
The slider bed platen superaudio induction cladding method is that surface cladding alloy powder material is coated in warp in advance
The surface that the pretreated slider bed platen of surface cleaning needs cladding is crossed, is being heat with slider bed platen superaudio induction heating apparatus
Source, by the alloy powder of coating and the induction heating fusing simultaneously of slider bed platen matrix surface a thin layer, alloy powder to be melted
After the solidification of slider bed platen surface, the alloy powder i.e. table extremely low and with metallurgical bonding in slider bed platen surface formation dilution rate
Face cladding alloy coat, cast steel slider bed platen is through surface cladding alloy modification, the good, surface hardness with matrix toughness and solderability
Good All-around Property higher, wearability is good, anti-corrosion antirust and frictional force are small.
Slider bed platen production method of the present invention, includes the following steps：
1, slider bed platen matrix is cast.
2, the pretreatment of slider bed platen matrix surface and precoating alloy.
3, slider bed platen surface incudes cladding.
4, surface cladding alloy property is examined.
5, induction cladding slider bed platen machining.
The casting of slider bed platen matrix
Moulding and running gate system：Precoated sand casting mold, 1900-2000 DEG C of precoated sand refractoriness, overlay film are made using core shooter
One type 2-4 part of sand casting mold, 5-9 laminated type running gate system；
Cast steel method of smelting：Using electro-smelting cast steel ZG230-450：
Cast slider bed platen：1580-1650 DEG C of molten steel cast temperature；
The pretreatment of slider bed platen matrix matrix surface and precoating alloy
Preprocess method：Matrix surface purification pretreatment is carried out using blasting method；
Precoat alloy approach：Alloy powder is applied to the cladding surface of matrix in advance using directly cold painting or hot coating method, in advance
Painting alloy powder thickness is 4.5-6.5mm；
Slider bed platen surface incudes cladding
Superaudio incudes cladding device parameter：Power 80-160KW, voltage 380V, frequency 15-50KHz, cooling medium pressure
Power >=0.03Mpa, inductor and cladding surface spacing 3-6mm, alloy cladding thickness 1.5-3.5mm；Alloy cladding speed 60-
120mm/min；
Further, in step 4), surface cladding alloy property is examined
Appearance test：Surfacing and flawless, thickness 2.5-3.5mm, sand holes diameter < 5mm, depth < 0.5m；
Service check：Bond strength >=230Mpa, surface hardness HB：320-420, corrosion resistance：Neutral salt spray test 48-
120h is stainless, surface unlubricated friction coefficient < 0.15.
Further, step:5) in, induction cladding slider bed platen machining
Induction cladding slider bed platen is machined out using numerical control mill, equipment for grinding, alloy surface grinding direction should be protected
It holds consistent with tongue and heart rail glide direction.
Above-described embodiment is merely to illustrate the application, rather than the restriction to the present patent application, as long as in the present patent application reality
The range of claims of the present invention is fallen within the scope of matter technology and methods to the variation of embodiment described above, increase and decrease
It is interior.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of preparation method for incuding cladding slider bed platen, it is characterised in that：Surface cladding alloy is with slider bed platen matrix
Metallurgical bonding is formed using superaudio induction cladding method；
The slider bed platen basis material is cast steel, and the chemical component of the surface cladding alloy is by weight：Cr
15-20, Ni 7-10, Si 2-4, B 1.5-3.5, C < 0.15, surplus Fe；
Preparation method includes the following steps：
(1) surface cladding alloy is complete pre-alloyed：The various alloying components of surface cladding alloy are pressed into said ratio in advance,
Melting is heated using electric furnace, smelting temperature is 1480-1580 DEG C, and melted alloy molten steel is poured into ladle heat insulation 25-45 points
Then alloy molten steel is made 200-325 mesh alloy powder using atomization powder injection process again, forms completely pre-alloyed table by clock
Face cladding alloy；Chromium and nickel form solid solution in the alloy, and chromium also generates chromium carbide with the carbon in alloy, generates chromium boride with boron
Hard phase；Nickel and silicon generate nickle silicide, nickel and boron and generate nickel borides；
(2) matrix is cast
Slider bed platen matrix precoated sand casting mold is made, precoated sand refractoriness is 1900-2000 DEG C, molding composition stack-type casting system
System, the melting slider bed platen basis material in electric furnace, smelting temperature are 1580-1650 DEG C, then casting complete slider bed platen base
Body casting；
(3) it pre-processes
Slider bed platen matrix surface is pre-processed using blasting method before induction cladding；
(4) alloy is precoated
Alloy powder is applied to the cladding surface of slider bed platen matrix in advance using directly cold painting or hot coating method；
(5) incude cladding
Surface cladding alloy and slider bed platen matrix are formed by metallurgical bonding using superaudio induction cladding method.
2. the preparation method of induction cladding slider bed platen according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In matrix casting step
In, stack-type is 5-9 layers.
3. the preparation method of induction cladding slider bed platen according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In precoating alloy step
In, alloy is precoated with a thickness of 4.5-6.5mm.
4. the preparation method of induction cladding slider bed platen according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In induction cladding step
In, power 80-160KW, voltage 380V, frequency 15-50KHz, pressure cooling medium >=0.03Mpa, inductor and cladding surface
Spacing 3-6mm, alloy cladding thickness 1.5-3.5mm；Alloy cladding speed 60-120mm/min.
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| CN201810868095.7A CN108914119A (en) | 2018-08-02 | 2018-08-02 | A kind of preparation method incuding cladding slider bed platen |
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| CN201810868095.7A CN108914119A (en) | 2018-08-02 | 2018-08-02 | A kind of preparation method incuding cladding slider bed platen |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115125530A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-09-30 | 中铁宝桥集团有限公司 | Anti-friction and anti-rust method for surface of turnout sliding bed bedplate |
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| CN115125530A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-09-30 | 中铁宝桥集团有限公司 | Anti-friction and anti-rust method for surface of turnout sliding bed bedplate |
| CN115125530B (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2024-04-09 | 中铁宝桥集团有限公司 | Antifriction and rust-proof method for surface of turnout sliding bed platen |
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