CN108913894A - Vanadium iron smelt from stirring technique - Google Patents
Vanadium iron smelt from stirring technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN108913894A CN108913894A CN201810845478.2A CN201810845478A CN108913894A CN 108913894 A CN108913894 A CN 108913894A CN 201810845478 A CN201810845478 A CN 201810845478A CN 108913894 A CN108913894 A CN 108913894A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B4/00—Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys
- C22B4/06—Alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/20—Obtaining niobium, tantalum or vanadium
- C22B34/22—Obtaining vanadium
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of smeltings of vanadium iron from stirring technique, belongs to iron and steel smelting technology field.The present invention provides a kind of vanadium iron easy to operate, that lining durability is long, yield of alloy is high to smelt from stirring means.After this method passes through aluminothermic reduction spontaneous reaction, it is added to molten bath spherical from whipping up agent, by realizing being sufficiently stirred for molten bath from means such as whipping up agent heat release, improvement slag characteristic and generation gases, promote the drastic reduction of material, after primary stirring certainly, liquid slag gold is poured into casting sand mo(u)ld and carries out slag gold consolute, is realized secondary from stirring operation.The method of the present invention in vanadium iron smelting process by that, from stirring operation, can significantly reduce content of vanadium in slag, increase substantially the electric furnace service life.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to iron and steel smelting technology fields, and in particular to a kind of vanadium iron smelt from stirring technique.
Background technique
Vanadium iron is the vanadium micro-alloying intermediate alloy that steel and iron industry is most widely used.V-alloyed steel is widely used in
The industries such as machine-building, aerospace, construction of road bridges, because the mechanical property of the addition steel of vanadium can be significantly improved.Industry
The preparation principle of the vanadium iron of change mainly using reducing agent to containing barium oxide and other restore containing vanadium raw materials, and
It is dissolved mutually and obtains with irony melt under high temperature fused state.
At present in world wide most enterprise by using with the oxide (V of vanadium2O5/V2O3) it is raw material, with addition of suitable
Reducing agent (Al/Si) and irony material carry out thermal reduction reaction and carry out vanadium iron production, and are aided with electric heating to ensure that heat needs
It asks.And production technology also has straight tube furnace one-step technology respectively and the more phase method techniques of furnace of tumbling, and finally can obtain up-to-standard
Alloy product.Thermal reduction prepares the reduction that vanadium iron mainly utilizes the strong reducing property of reducing agent to promote barium oxide, from
And achieve the effect that lean slag.
CN102115821A provides a kind of using metallic aluminium as the method for the two-step method smelting ferrovanadium of reducing agent, passes through first
The first of step smelting restores part slag, and part refinery then is added to primary alloy and refines, and obtains vanadium iron production
Product.CN201510002957.4 provides a kind of method using large-scale furnace electro-aluminothermic process production vanadium iron of tumbling, and is smelted using more phases
Match the technology that aluminium combines with ladder, there is the characteristics of easy to operate, to save aluminium consumption, improve the yield of vanadium iron.
CN201710611520.X discloses a kind of jet stirring system for electro-aluminothermic process vanadium titanium smelting furnace, can assist to smelt molten bath
Raw materials for metallurgy effectively mixed.CN201710610957.1 discloses a kind of smelter for reducing the residual vanadium of ferrovanadium slag
Skill, the condition for spraying into gas again after corresponding raw materials for metallurgy adds completion and forms molten bath completely in stirring complete molten bath smelter
Make.
In terms of technology disclosed above, mainly using barium oxide as raw material, Al, Si (ferrosilicon) are for vanadium iron preparation at present
Reducing agent is aided with the production that electrically heated mode carries out vanadium iron, main using mechanical blowing to improve vanadium iron efficiency
Operations are waited to realize the stirring in molten bath；But on the one hand these methods unevenly may make lean slag effect not because stirring and being blown
It is good, the splashing of whipping process slag is on the other hand easily led to, the duration of heat extends, to reduce comprehensive yield and efficiency.This
Inventive method proposition is used with piece vanadium (V2O5) it is using metallic aluminium as reducing agent, and to be added certainly in vanadium iron smelting process containing vanadium raw materials
Whipping up agent promotes the stirring for smelting molten bath, improves slag characteristic, be conducive to the raising of vanadium yield and the service life of smelting furnace.
Summary of the invention
The present invention in order to solve the above technical problems, provide that a kind of vanadium iron smelts from stirring technique, the technique packet
Include following steps：
A, the mixture of piece vanadium, aluminum shot, abrasive grit and lime is added in electric furnace, igniting carries out autothermal reaction；
B, it after autothermal reaction, is added from whipping up agent, carry out molten bath maintains body to electricity from stirring operation, and persistently
It is temperature；
C, then liquid slag gold is tumbled into sand mo(u)ld, cooling vanadium iron cake and low vanadium smelting slag.
Wherein, vanadium iron described above smelt from stirring technique, in step A, described vanadium, aluminum shot, abrasive grit
Mass ratio with lime is 100：50：14~50：5~15.
Wherein, vanadium iron described above smelt from stirring technique, in step A, the time of the autothermal reaction
For 10~30min.
Wherein, vanadium iron described above smelt from stirring technique, in step B, it is described from whipping up agent by following
Method is prepared：1 mass parts lime, 0~1 mass parts calcium carbonate and 0~1.5 mass parts ball milling abrasive grit are mixed, made
Ball it is dry to get.
Preferably, vanadium iron described above smelt from stirring technique, lime, calcium carbonate and ball from whipping up agent
The mass ratio for grinding abrasive grit is 1：0.5~1：0~1.5.
Wherein, vanadium iron described above smelt from stirring technique, in step B, the diameter of the ball milling abrasive grit
≤3mm。
Wherein, vanadium iron described above smelt from stirring technique, in step B, the partial size from whipping up agent
For 5~20mm, density is 3.0~5.0kg/m3。
Wherein, vanadium iron described above smelt from stirring technique, in step B, the addition from whipping up agent
Amount is the 5%~15% of piece vanadium quality.
Wherein, vanadium iron described above smelt from stirring technique, it is described to pass through clock from whipping up agent in step B
Pendulum-type feed way is added, and controlling charging height with slag blanket height ratio is 1.5~2.5：1.
Wherein, vanadium iron described above smelt from stirring technique, it is described persistently to the time of electricity in step B
For 15~25min.
Wherein, vanadium iron described above smelt from stirring technique, in step B, the system temperature is 1900
~2100 DEG C.
Wherein, vanadium iron described above smelt from stirring technique, in step C, the liquid slag gold tumble to
Angle of tumbling in sand mo(u)ld is 30 °~45 °, and controlling height of tumbling with slag gold thickness ratio is 1~1.5：1.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
The method of the present invention is added in smelting process from whipping up agent, is produced by generating gas from whipping up agent decomposition caused heat release or decomposition
Object promotes slag flowing and slag gold interfacial contact in molten bath, realizes being sufficiently stirred for molten bath, promote the drastic reduction of material, and
It realizes the optimization of smelting system slag composition, reduces aluminium, magnesium ratio in slag, realize that the slags such as slag system fusing point and slag viscosity are special
The optimization of property；Then again during liquid slag gold tumbles and comes out of the stove to sand mo(u)ld, because slag gold does not melt mutually and density variation, two are realized
It is secondary from stirring operation.By the way that in vanadium iron smelting process, from stirring operation, content of vanadium in slag can be significantly reduced, to reach
The purpose of vanadium damage in slag is reduced, and increases substantially the electric furnace service life.
Specific embodiment
Specifically, vanadium iron smelt from stirring technique, which includes the following steps：
A, the mixture of piece vanadium, aluminum shot, abrasive grit and lime is added in electric furnace, igniting carries out autothermal reaction；
B, it after autothermal reaction, is added from whipping up agent, carry out molten bath maintains body to electricity from stirring operation, and persistently
It is temperature；
C, then liquid slag gold is tumbled into sand mo(u)ld, cooling vanadium iron cake and low vanadium smelting slag.
Present invention process is containing vanadium raw materials, using metal aluminum shot as reducing agent, by after smelting process is by pelletizing with piece vanadium
Be added in smelting furnace from whipping up agent, carry out slag making and molten bath from stirring.When heated by electrodes is smelted, realizes and stir certainly for the first time
Mix operation：By being added from whipping up agent, on the one hand realizes and decompose after being added to smelting system reaction from whipping up agent, by
From whipping up agent decomposition caused heat release or generation gaseous product is decomposed, promotes slag flowing and slag gold interfacial contact in molten bath, realizes molten bath
Be sufficiently stirred, promote the drastic reduction of material；On the other hand the optimization for realizing smelting system slag composition, reduces in slag
Aluminium, magnesium ratio realize the optimization of the slags characteristic such as slag system fusing point and slag viscosity.
It after to electric smelting, is come out of the stove by the way that liquid slag gold after reaction is tumbled into sand mo(u)ld, realization is secondary certainly
Stirring operation：Because of the gravitional force and density variation of liquid slag gold in entire toppling process, obvious slag gold consolute occurs, then
Slag gold secondary separation is gradually realized in sand mo(u)ld, and the process is primary strong stirring operation, increases system slag gold and connects
Contacting surface product.Through secondary from stirring operation, after cooling, vanadium iron and low vanadium are obtained containing metallurgical slag.Pass through vanadium iron smelting process
In from stirring operation, content of vanadium in slag can be significantly reduced, to achieve the purpose that reduce vanadium damage in slag, and increased substantially
The electric furnace service life.
In the method for the present invention step A, piece vanadium in mixture, aluminum shot, abrasive grit and lime mass ratio be 100：50：14~
50：5~15, the granularity of each material generally requirement≤0.2mm.After igniting, system carries out autothermal reaction, autothermal reaction process temperature
Without control, autothermal reaction generally terminates after 10~30min.
It is prepared from whipping up agent by following methods used in the method for the present invention：By 1 mass parts lime, 0~1 mass parts
Calcium carbonate and the mixing of 0~1.5 mass parts ball milling abrasive grit, carry out pelletizing it is dry to get.
Lime stone is mainly used for slag making from whipping up agent, and calcium carbonate can also generate gas other than slag making, ball milling
The main purpose of abrasive grit is to increase pellet density, conducive to stirring intensity is improved after addition；From whipping up agent be on the basis of lime stone,
Calcium carbonate is gradually added, then adds ball milling abrasive grit again, effect is gradually incremented by；It is preferred, therefore, that lime, carbon from whipping up agent
The mass ratio of sour calcium and ball milling abrasive grit is 1：0.5~1：0~1.5.
For the kinetics effect being optimal, and guarantee from whipping up agent density between alloy and slag, it is real
The now smooth addition from stirring and mixing effect, it is 5~20mm that the present invention, which is controlled from the partial size of whipping up agent, density for 3.0~
5.0kg/m3.Using diameter≤3mm ball milling abrasive grit, when being conducive to pelletizing, partial size of the control control from whipping up agent.
Wherein, vanadium iron described above smelt from stirring technique, in step B, the addition from whipping up agent
Amount is the 5%~15% of piece vanadium quality.
It in the method for the present invention step B, is added from whipping up agent by pendulum model feed way, and controls charging height and slag blanket
Height is than being 1.5~2.5：1, it is too low easily lead to it is slow from whipping up agent subsidence velocity, it is excessively high to easily lead to adition process materials from spattering extremely
Furnace wall influences yield.
In step B, be added from after whipping up agent, persistently give 15~25min of electricity, 1900~2100 DEG C of maintenance system temperature.
In the method for the present invention step C, the liquid slag gold angle of tumbling into sand mo(u)ld of tumbling is 30 °~45 °, and is controlled
Height of tumbling is 1~1.5 with slag gold thickness ratio：1, suitably tumble height and angle, the slag iron that is conducive to cast is the same as process out
Slag gold consolute avoids the splashing of liquid slag gold and reduces thermal loss.
Preferably, vanadium iron smelt from stirring technique, which includes the following steps：
A, the mixture of piece vanadium, aluminum shot, abrasive grit and lime is added in electric furnace, igniting progress autothermal reaction 10~
30min；Described vanadium, aluminum shot, abrasive grit and lime mass ratio be 100：50：14~50：5~15；
B, after autothermal reaction, heated by electrodes is carried out to 1900~2100 DEG C, maintenance system temperature gives electric certain time
Afterwards, be added from whipping up agent, carry out molten bath from stirring operation, and persistently give 15~25min of electricity, maintenance system temperature for 1900~
2100℃；The partial size from whipping up agent is 5~20mm, and density is 3.0~5.0kg/m3；It is described to pass through pendulum model from whipping up agent
Feed way is added, and controlling charging height with slag blanket height ratio is 1.5~2.5：1；It is described from whipping up agent by following methods system
It is standby to obtain：1 mass parts lime, 0.5~1 mass parts calcium carbonate and 0~1.5 mass parts ball milling abrasive grit are mixed, it is dry to carry out pelletizing
It is dry to get；
C, then it is 30 °~45 ° by angle of tumbling for liquid slag gold to tumble into sand mo(u)ld, and controls tumble height and slag gold
Thickness ratio is 1~1.5：1, cooling vanadium iron cake and low vanadium smelting slag.
Below by embodiment, invention is further described in detail, but does not therefore limit the scope of the present invention
Among the embodiment described range.
Comparative example
By 100 mass parts of piece vanadium, 50 mass parts of aluminium powder, 14 mass parts of iron powder, 10 mass parts of lime mixture loaded on electricity
It lights a fire in furnace striking, after autothermal reaction 30min, 2000 DEG C of energization maintenance system temperature tumbles liquid slag gold to sand after 15min
In mould, vanadium iron cake and metallurgical slag are obtained after refrigerated separation.Al in gained metallurgical slag2O3, MgO, CaO content be respectively 73%,
11% and 13%, content of vanadium is 1.9% in slag, and the electric furnace service life is 180 furnaces.
Embodiment 1
It is prepared from whipping up agent：Lime is subjected to pelletizing drying by disc balling machine, derives from whipping up agent, average grain diameter is
8mm, density 3.6kg/m3。
Vanadium iron is smelted：By 100 mass parts of piece vanadium, 50 mass parts of aluminium powder, 14 mass parts of iron powder, 7 mass parts of lime
Mixture is loaded on striking of lighting a fire in electric furnace, after autothermal reaction 30min, by pendulum feeder in height and the slag gold thickness ratio of tumbling
It is 1.5：Under conditions of 1, it is added spherical from 5 mass parts of whipping up agent, by the sinking and fusing of pellet, the stirring of promotion slag gold and shape
At low melting point slag system, continuing to be powered is kept for about 2000 DEG C of system temperature, after 15min, angle of tumbling be 30 °, height of tumbling with
Slag gold thickness ratio is 1：Under conditions of 1, liquid slag gold is tumbled into sand mo(u)ld, realizes the slag gold consolute and two for process of tumbling of casting
It is secondary from stirring operation, cooling vanadium iron cake and low vanadium smelting slag.
Al in the low vanadium smelting slag of gained2O3, MgO, CaO content be respectively 72%, 10% and 15%, content of vanadium is in slag
1.7%, the electric furnace service life is 190 furnaces.
Embodiment 2
It is prepared from whipping up agent：It is by weight 1 by lime and calcium carbonate：0.5 carries out pelletizing drying by disc balling machine,
Derived from whipping up agent, average grain diameter 10mm, density 3.8kg/m3。
Vanadium iron is smelted：By 100 mass parts of piece vanadium, 50 mass parts of aluminium powder, 14 mass parts of iron powder, 5 mass parts of lime
Mixture is loaded in electric furnace, striking of lighting a fire, after autothermal reaction 30min, by pendulum feeder in height and the slag gold thickness of tumbling
Than being 1.5：Under conditions of 1, spherical shape is added from 10 mass parts of whipping up agent, by the sinking of pellet, fusing, while generating gas,
Slag gold is promoted to stir and formed low melting point slag system, continuing to be powered is kept for about 2000 DEG C of system temperature, after 15min, in angle of tumbling
For 45 °, height of tumbling with slag gold thickness ratio be 1.5：Under conditions of 1, liquid slag gold is tumbled into sand mo(u)ld, realizes that casting is tumbled
The slag gold consolute of process and secondary from stirring operation, cooling vanadium iron cake and low vanadium smelting slag.
Al in the low vanadium smelting slag of gained2O3, MgO, CaO content be respectively 71%, 9% and 17%, content of vanadium is in slag
1.4%, the electric furnace service life is 265 furnaces.
Embodiment 3
It is prepared from whipping up agent：It is by weight 1 by lime and calcium carbonate：1 carries out pelletizing drying by disc balling machine, obtains
From whipping up agent, average grain diameter 10mm, density 4.0kg/m3。
Vanadium iron is smelted：By 100 mass parts of piece vanadium, 50 mass parts of aluminium powder, 14 mass parts of iron powder, 5 mass parts of lime
Mixture is loaded in electric furnace, striking of lighting a fire, after autothermal reaction 30min, by pendulum feeder in height and the slag gold thickness of tumbling
Than being 1.5：Under conditions of 1, spherical shape is added from 10 mass parts of whipping up agent, by the sinking of pellet, fusing, while generating gas,
Slag gold is promoted to stir and formed low melting point slag system, continuing to be powered is kept for about 2000 DEG C of system temperature, is in angle of tumbling after 25min
45 °, height of tumbling and slag gold thickness ratio are 1.5：Under conditions of 1, liquid slag gold is tumbled into sand mo(u)ld, realizes that casting was tumbled
The slag gold consolute of journey and secondary from stirring operation, cooling vanadium iron cake and low vanadium smelting slag.
Al in the low vanadium smelting slag of gained2O3, MgO, CaO content be respectively 70%, 8% and 18%, content of vanadium is in slag
1.3%, the electric furnace service life is 282 furnaces.
Embodiment 4
It is prepared from whipping up agent：It is by weight 1 by lime, calcium carbonate and ball milling abrasive grit：1：1 is carried out by disc balling machine
Pelletizing is dry, derives from whipping up agent, average grain diameter 10mm, density 4.2kg/m3。
Vanadium iron is smelted：By 100 mass parts of piece vanadium, 50 mass parts of aluminium powder, 10 mass parts of iron powder, 5 mass parts of lime are mixed
It closes material to be loaded in electric furnace, striking of lighting a fire, after autothermal reaction 30min, by pendulum feeder in height and the slag gold thickness ratio of tumbling
It is 1.5：Under conditions of 1, spherical shape is added from 15 mass parts of whipping up agent, by the sinking of pellet, fusing, while generating gas, promotees
Slag input gold stirs and is formed low melting point slag system, and continuing to be powered is kept for about 2000 DEG C of system temperature, is in angle of tumbling after 20min
30 °, height of tumbling and slag gold thickness ratio are 1：Under conditions of 1, liquid slag gold is tumbled into sand mo(u)ld, realizes process of tumbling of casting
Slag gold consolute and secondary from stirring operation, cooling vanadium iron cake and low vanadium smelting slag.
Al in the low vanadium smelting slag of gained2O3, MgO, CaO content be respectively 71%, 8% and 18%, content of vanadium is in slag
1.1%, the electric furnace service life is 285 furnaces.
Embodiment 5
It is prepared from whipping up agent：It is by weight 1 by lime, calcium carbonate and ball milling abrasive grit：1：1.5 by disc balling machine into
Row pelletizing is dry, derives from whipping up agent, average grain diameter 10mm, density 4.5kg/m3。
Vanadium iron is smelted：By 100 mass parts of piece vanadium, 50 mass parts of aluminium powder, 10 mass parts of iron powder, 5 mass parts of lime are mixed
It closes material to be loaded in electric furnace, striking of lighting a fire, after autothermal reaction 30min, by pendulum feeder in height and the slag gold thickness ratio of tumbling
It is 1.5：Under conditions of 1, spherical shape is added from 15 mass parts of whipping up agent, by the sinking of pellet, fusing, while generating gas, promotees
Slag input gold stirs and is formed low melting point slag system, and continuing to be powered is kept for about 2000 DEG C of system temperature, is in angle of tumbling after 25min
45 °, height of tumbling and slag gold thickness ratio are 1.5：Under conditions of 1, liquid slag gold is tumbled into sand mo(u)ld, realizes that casting was tumbled
The slag gold consolute of journey and secondary from stirring operation, cooling vanadium iron cake and low vanadium smelting slag.
Al in the low vanadium smelting slag of gained2O3, MgO, CaO content be respectively 70%, 8% and 18%, content of vanadium is in slag
1.0%, the electric furnace service life is 296 furnaces.
Claims (10)
1. vanadium iron smelt from stirring technique, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
A, the mixture of piece vanadium, aluminum shot, abrasive grit and lime is added in electric furnace, igniting carries out autothermal reaction；
B, after autothermal reaction, be added from whipping up agent, carry out molten bath from stirring operation, and persistently to electricity, maintenance system temperature
Degree；
C, then liquid slag gold is tumbled into sand mo(u)ld, cooling vanadium iron cake and low vanadium smelting slag.
2. vanadium iron according to claim 1 smelt from stirring technique, it is characterised in that：In step A, described
Vanadium, aluminum shot, abrasive grit and lime mass ratio be 100：50：14~50：5~15.
3. vanadium iron according to claim 1 smelt from stirring technique, it is characterised in that：In step A, the self-heating
The time of reaction is 10~30min.
4. vanadium iron according to claim 1 smelt from stirring technique, it is characterised in that：It is described to stir certainly in step B
Agent is mixed to be prepared by following methods：1 mass parts lime, 0~1 mass parts calcium carbonate and 0~1.5 mass parts ball milling abrasive grit are mixed
Close, carry out pelletizing it is dry to get.
5. vanadium iron according to claim 4 smelt from stirring technique, it is characterised in that：From in whipping up agent lime,
The mass ratio of calcium carbonate and ball milling abrasive grit is 1：0.5~1：0~1.5；Wherein, diameter≤3mm of the ball milling abrasive grit.
6. according to claim 1~5 described in any item vanadium irons smelt from stirring technique, it is characterised in that：Step B
In, the partial size from whipping up agent is 5~20mm, and density is 3.0~5.0kg/m3。
7. according to claim 1~5 described in any item vanadium irons smelt from stirring technique, it is characterised in that：Step B
In, the additional amount from whipping up agent is the 5%~15% of piece vanadium quality.
8. vanadium iron according to claim 1 smelt from stirring technique, it is characterised in that：It is described to stir certainly in step B
It mixes agent to be added by pendulum model feed way, and controlling charging height with slag blanket height ratio is 1.5~2.5：1.
9. vanadium iron according to claim 1 smelt from stirring technique, it is characterised in that：It is described lasting in step B
Time to electricity is 15~25min；In step B, the system temperature is 1900~2100 DEG C.
10. vanadium iron according to claim 1 smelt from stirring technique, it is characterised in that：It is described molten in step C
Melting the angle of tumbling that slag gold is tumbled into sand mo(u)ld is 30 °~45 °, and controlling height of tumbling with slag gold thickness ratio is 1~1.5：1.
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