CN105543633A - Method for smelting ferrosilicon by utilizing crystalline silicon scraps - Google Patents
Method for smelting ferrosilicon by utilizing crystalline silicon scraps Download PDFInfo
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- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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Abstract
The data of application of the invention is 2014-12-17, the application number is 2014107883956, and the original application name is: divisional application of a patent including an intermediate frequency furnace and application thereof as well as a method for smelting ferrosilicon by utilizing crystalline silicon scraps. The invention discloses a method for smelting ferrosilicon by utilizing crystalline silicon scraps and belongs to the field of crystalline silicon scrap treatment. The method for smelting ferrosilicon by utilizing crystalline silicon scraps comprises the steps of feeding steel scrap needed for smelting ferrosilicon into a furnace, then blowing silicon powder scrap, finally delivering a ferro-silicon alloy solution out of the furnace, carrying out vacuum decarburization and casting cooling, and then finishing the smelting process. According to the invention, carbon element in silicon carbide is used for reducing silicon dioxide, so that energy consumption is reduced; coke does not need to be added, so that influences of phosphorus element and sulfur element are reduced; and the product, namely, the ferrosilicon, is low-phosphorus low-sulfur low-carbon ferrosilicon and is high in value.
Description
The present invention is the applying date is 2014-12-17, and application number is 2014107883956, and original application name is called: a kind of intermediate frequency furnace and application thereof and utilize the divisional application of patent of method of crystalline silicon waste material smelting duriron.
Technical field
The invention belongs to crystalline silicon waste disposal field, specifically, relate to a kind of method utilizing crystalline silicon waste material smelting duriron, more particularly, relate to a kind of method utilizing the crystalline silicon waste material produced in solar panel production process to carry out smelting duriron.
Background technology
At present, along with the development of clean energy, heliotechnics obtains develop rapidly.In the process of producing solar panel, used a large amount of crystalline silicons, the silicon chip of a diameter 75mm, accessible site several ten thousand, to hundreds of thousands of even millions of elements, defines microtronics, thus has occurred minicomputer, MPU etc.Due to the development of current information engineering, silicon is mainly used in microelectronics.For adapting to the development of large-scale integrated circuit, silicon single crystal forward major diameter, high purity, high uniformity, zero defect future development.A large amount of cutting silica flour waste materials of 6.5 μm to 38 μm is produced in silicon chip of solar cell production process; it is micro-useless that this silica flour belongs to more unmanageable solid, and disposal and utilization silica flour waste material can make silicon resource in the object realizing environment protection that is utilized effectively simultaneously.The silica flour waste material produced in silicon chip of solar cell manufacturing processed belongs to the material without sulphur, phosphorus composition, adopt silica flour waste material to produce ferrosilicon and can produce super low sulfur, phosphorus or the ferro-silicon without sulphur, phosphorus, can be the ferro-silicon raw material that field of steel metallurgy provides high-quality, the quality of steel products can be increased substantially.
Current China has become manufacture of solar cells big country, and a large amount of silica flour waste materials how produced in disposal and utilization manufacture of solar cells process, have become extremely important.Existing process silica flour waste material has following several method:
1, crystalline silicon cutting waste material prepares silicon carbide
China Patent No. 201110152492.2, publication date: on December 14th, 2011, patent discloses a kind of method of silicon crystal waste material nitrogenizing reaction sintered silicon carbon, and its method is carried out as follows:
The superfine silicon carbide micro powder produced by crystalline silicon cutting waste material with when producing silicon carbide cutting powder, after accounting for raw material total amount 5-25wt% batching mixing moulding according to free silica, in raw material, add binding agent make green compact, in nitriding furnace, pass into the high pure nitrogen of more than purity 99wt% and nitriding treatment is carried out to green compact heating, obtaining the goods of reactive sintering of silicon nitride silicon carbide.
But this invention directly cannot process crystalline silicon waste material, need to carry out secondary processing, complex procedures.Finished product is sintering silicon carbide products, does not give full play to the feature of crystalline silicon waste material low-sulfur, phosphorus.
2, the method for SiC particles reinforced silicon aluminum alloy matrix material is obtained in crystalline silicon cutting waste material
Chinese Patent Application No.: 201310390694.X, publication date: on March 26th, 2014, disclose a kind of method obtaining SiC particles reinforced silicon aluminum alloy matrix material in crystalline silicon cutting waste material, carry out as follows: first pickling impurity removal is carried out to crystal-cut waste material, ferric oxide in removing cutting waste material, metallic impurity and a small amount of silicon-dioxide etc., through washing, filter, the steps such as oven dry obtain the silicon carbide of size range at 0.5 μm-10 μm and the admixed finepowder of silicon, by the ratio of silicon carbide micro-powder in matrix material total mass mark 4.5-32.5%, free silica presses matrix material total mass per-cent 0.2%-9.8% and aluminum or aluminum alloy proportioning, after adopting high temperature strong stirring dispersed and silica flour dissolving to silicon carbide, matrix material is obtained through rapid solidification process.
But the silicon carbide that this invention uses, silica flour etc. are the waste materials in industrial production, really be make use of waste material, but its product obtained is SiC particles reinforced Al alloy composite, the effect of SiC particles reinforced Al alloy composite is not provided in literary composition, although provide an outlet to crystalline silicon cutting waste material, do not give play to the value at best that the low-sulfur of crystalline silicon cutting waste material is low-phosphorous.
3, mine heat furnace smelting ferro-silicon is adopted
Silica flour waste material adopts mine heat furnace smelting ferro-silicon to be in silica flour, allocate the raw materials such as coke powder, bath of glass and iron scale into make ball material and join smelting duriron in mineral hot furnace, and this smelting process exists following defect:
1), silica flour pellet forming process section adds production cost, directly do not utilize the characteristic of silicon powder particle;
2), the coke powder allocated into brought the material such as sulphur, phosphorus into, adds the sulphur in silicon iron product, phosphorus content, reduces the quality of silicon iron product;
3), in silica flour waste material, major ingredient is elemental silicon and silicon carbide.In mine heat furnace smelting process, mainly fusing and iron are combined into ferro-silicon to silicon, there is not reduction thermo-negative reaction, adopt mineral hot furnace method smelting ferrosilicon that mineral hot furnace throat temperature can be caused high, heats a large amount of in mineral hot furnace is wasted, and effectively can not reduce production cost.
In sum, lacking now one can solve waste problems, also can play the rational method of the process crystalline silicon cutting waste material of himself maximum feature.
Summary of the invention
1. the problem that will solve
Crystalline silicon waste problems can be solved for existing shortage one, also the problem of the rational method of the process crystalline silicon cutting waste material of himself maximum feature can be played, the invention provides a kind of method utilizing crystalline silicon waste material smelting duriron, it not only solves the process problem of crystalline silicon waste material, and most crucial is the value farthest having played crystalline silicon waste material.
2. technical scheme
In order to solve the problem, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
Utilize a method for crystalline silicon waste material smelting duriron, ferrosilicon prepared by molten iron crystalline silicon cutting waste material being put into fusing.
Utilize a method for crystalline silicon waste material smelting duriron, the steps include:
(A) by the steel scrap shove charge needed for smelting ferrosilicon, the scrap melting in body of heater is become molten iron, and molten iron is continued be heated to more than 1570 DEG C;
(B) silica flour waste material continuous spraying is blown in molten iron, forms liquation, control and maintain add liquation after silica flour waste material temperature more than 1480 DEG C;
(C) after being blown into silica flour waste material, the liquid level of liquation rises and fills after in the middle part of body of heater, winding-up silica flour waste material is continued in the liquation of body of heater, control and the temperature maintaining liquation more than 1330 DEG C, until ferro-silicon liquid reaches the liquid level of required ferro-silicon label product.
Preferably, also comprise step (D): the ferro-silicon liquid in stove is sent to vacuum decarburization device and carries out decarburization, carry out composition and finally adjust, obtain qualified ferro-silicon liquid.
Preferably, in described step (A), the add-on of steel scrap is determined with the purity of ferrosilicon to be prepared according to becoming to be grouped in silica flour waste material.
Preferably, described winding-up adopts shielding gas winding-up.
Preferably, described shielding gas winding-up load volume is 270 ~ 360Nm
3/ h, silica flour waste material winding-up amount is 270 ~ 450kg/min.
Preferably, in described step (A), the add-on of steel scrap is determined with the purity of ferrosilicon to be prepared according to becoming to be grouped in silica flour waste material.
Preferably, it is add after fragmentation that described steel scrap adds.Directly being jetted by silica flour waste material to add fusing in molten iron and be combined with molten iron by Gas injection mode and generate ferro-silicon liquid, is a kind of technological process control adding the production ferro-silicon under condition without other subsidiary material.
Embodiments of the invention are preferably as follows a kind of stove, and a kind of intermediate frequency furnace, comprises body of heater, and body of heater is divided into working zone and reserved section, and reserved section is positioned at the top of working zone; Working zone is divided into body of heater hypomere, body of heater stage casing and body of heater epimere three sections from bottom to top; The diameter of described body of heater hypomere is less than the diameter of body of heater epimere; The shape of the vertical section in described body of heater stage casing is the reverse frustoconic of inner hollow, and the diameter of lower end, body of heater stage casing equals the diameter of body of heater hypomere; The diameter of upper end, body of heater stage casing equals the diameter of body of heater epimere.
Preferably, also comprise nozzle and/or winding-up rifle, described nozzle is positioned on the sidewall of the sidewall in body of heater stage casing and/or the bottom of body of heater hypomere and/or body of heater hypomere; Described winding-up rifle is inserted into the bottom of body of heater hypomere downwards through the top of body of heater.Preferred version is that 1 nozzle is arranged at the bottom of body of heater hypomere, and the sidewall in body of heater stage casing and the sidewall of body of heater hypomere have 1 to 6 nozzle that blows side; Winding-up rifle has 1.
Preferably, described body of heater epimere is provided with Heat preservation coil; Described body of heater hypomere and body of heater stage casing are provided with heater coil; Described body of heater hypomere and the heater coil in body of heater stage casing are by same control circui.
Preferably, the volume of described reserved section is more than or equal to 3/10 of working zone volume; The volume of body of heater hypomere accounts for 5% ~ 40% of body of heater working zone, and the height of body of heater hypomere is more than or equal to 600mm.
Preferably, described nozzle adopts gas permeable brick.
Preferably, described Heat preservation coil is positioned at the bottom of body of heater epimere.
, directly being jetted by silica flour waste material to add fusing in molten iron and be combined with molten iron by Gas injection mode generates ferro-silicon liquid, is a kind of technological process control adding the production ferro-silicon under condition without other subsidiary material.
In actual production, silica flour waste material composition and characteristic are: in silicon chip of solar cell cutting production process, owing to adopting silicon carbide wire cutting technology, produce high temperature oxidation effect in cutting process in addition, make the silica flour waste material after processing have following composition and characteristic:
Silica flour waste material composition:
Si：30～80％、SiO
2：0～10％、SiC：5～40％、Fe：0～2％；
Silica flour waste granules degree: 6.5 μm to 38 μm;
Silica flour junk pile proportion: 1000 ~ 1400kg/m
3.
Principle of the present invention is by two kinds of raw material Hybrid Heating, and due to respective characteristic, there are some problems for simple mixing, the present invention also proposes solution accordingly, is specially:
1) silicon is non-permeable material, self can not be generated heat by magnetic field and melt in intermediate frequency furnace, is difficult to adopt Electromagnetic Heating; So the present invention adopts by realizing melting and being combined into ferro-silicon with iron with the heat exchange of molten iron;
2) proportion (1000 ~ 1400kg/m of silica flour waste material
3) much smaller than the proportion (7800kg/m of iron
3), silica flour waste material directly to add in molten iron can and molten iron layering, can not realize and the heat exchange of molten iron and melt and be combined into ferro-silicon with iron;
3) ratio in ferro-silicon shared by silicon is too high, in traditional intermediate frequency furnace the total amount of molten iron cannot reach silica flour waste material winding-up required for molten iron total amount, for this reason the present invention adopt the special type of furnace realize silica flour waste material winding-up smelt required for molten iron total amount.
The present invention mainly considers that ferrosilicon is widely used in Metal smelting, is one of reductor important in steelmaking process, and being one of reductive agent important in light metal smelting industry, is the indispensable raw material of metallurgical industry.Meanwhile, ferrosilicon also can be used as alloying element addition agent, and be widely used among structural low alloy steel, spring steel, bearing steel, high temperature steel and electrical steel, ferrosilicon, in J. sigillate and chemical industry, is commonly used for reductive agent.Because it belongs to high energy consumption product, so the production overwhelming majority of ferrosilicon carries out in developing country and low developed area in the whole world, and the ample supply of electric power, coal and Mineral resources to be had to ensure.
Silica is one of Mineral resources that nature reserves are maximum, is also a kind of ore of the most difficult reduction in the world.Must could realize under the high temperature conditions, its reduction temperature is higher at ambient pressure, the oxygen in such silica could with carbon generation chemical reaction, the carbon monoxide of generation overflows burning, and silicon could generate ferro-silicon with iron generation combination reaction.But in the smelting technology of existing ferrosilicon, all contain the impurity such as a large amount of S, P, want to remove S, P, need to spend a large amount of man power and materials, and precision is not high.
And the present invention recycles solar panel crystalline silicon waste material, reduce landfill to pollute, not only can solve the landfill pollution problem of solar panel crystalline silicon waste material, it can also be made as raw material production ferrosilicon, thus obtaining objective economic benefit, emphasis is the ferrosilicon that can obtain not having S, P.
3. beneficial effect
Compared to prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) the present invention utilizes crystalline silicon waste material smelting duriron, and heats is good, and efficiency is high, and power consumption is low; Utilize in the method for crystalline silicon waste material smelting duriron, when using solar panel crystalline silicon waste material to carry out ferrosilicon smelting, first raw material mainly highly purified silicon and silicon carbide and a small amount of silicon-dioxide, and the smelting technology of crystalline silicon guarantees it not containing S, P, even if having in other words, content is also extremely low; The present invention utilizes the carbon in silicon carbide to reduce silicon-dioxide simultaneously, therefore do not need additionally to add coke, so decrease the consumption of the energy, and owing to not needing to add coke, decrease the impact of phosphoric and element sulphur, product ferrosilicon is low-phosphorous, low-sulfur, low-carbon (LC) and ferrosilicon, is worth high; Emphasis is owing to not containing phosphoric and element sulphur in raw material, also not adding phosphoric and element sulphur in production process, and do not worry p and s impurity, without phosphorus and sulphur impurity in its ferrosilicon produced, purity is high;
(2) method of the present invention can while production ferrosilicon, and reduce the discharge of solar cell board waste material, kill two birds with one stone, reduce resource consumption, production technique adopts injection method, shortens the technical process of smelting ferrosilicon;
(3) production process of the present invention is simple, reasonable in design, is easy to realize.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the intermediate frequency furnace that the embodiment of the present invention uses;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram using intermediate frequency furnace in the embodiments of the invention 1 in embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram using intermediate frequency furnace in the embodiments of the invention 1 in embodiment 2.
In figure: 1, body of heater hypomere; 2, body of heater stage casing; 3, body of heater epimere; 4, nozzle; 5, winding-up rifle.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described further.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, adopt as lower furnace body, a kind of intermediate frequency furnace, comprises body of heater, and body of heater is divided into working zone and reserved section, and reserved section is positioned at the top of working zone; The volume of reserved section is more than or equal to 3/10 of working zone volume; Working zone is divided into body of heater hypomere 1, body of heater stage casing 2 and body of heater epimere 3 three sections from bottom to top; The diameter of described body of heater hypomere 1 is less than the diameter of body of heater epimere 3; The shape of the vertical section in described body of heater stage casing 2 is the reverse frustoconic of inner hollow, and the diameter of lower end, body of heater stage casing 2 equals the diameter of body of heater hypomere 1; The diameter of upper end, body of heater stage casing 2 equals the diameter of body of heater epimere 3.Also comprise nozzle 4 and/or winding-up rifle 5, nozzle 4 adopts gas permeable brick.Described nozzle 4 is positioned on the sidewall of the sidewall in body of heater stage casing 2 and/or the bottom of body of heater hypomere 1 and/or body of heater hypomere 1; Described winding-up rifle 5 is inserted into the bottom of body of heater hypomere 1 downwards through the top of body of heater.Body of heater epimere 3 is provided with Heat preservation coil; Described body of heater hypomere 1 and body of heater stage casing 2 are provided with heater coil.The Heat preservation coil of body of heater epimere 3 works alone; Described body of heater hypomere 1 and the heater coil in body of heater stage casing 2 are by same control circui.Heat preservation coil is positioned at the bottom of body of heater epimere 3.The volume of body of heater hypomere 1 accounts for 5% ~ 40% of body of heater working zone, and the height of body of heater hypomere 1 is more than or equal to 600mm.
Utilize a method for crystalline silicon waste material smelting duriron, the steps include:
(A) by the steel scrap shove charge needed for smelting ferrosilicon, the add-on of steel scrap is determined with the purity of ferrosilicon to be prepared according to becoming to be grouped in silica flour waste material; Scrap melting is become molten iron with body of heater stage casing 2 heater coil energising work by body of heater hypomere 1, and is continued by molten iron to be heated to more than 1570 DEG C;
(B) by the nozzle 4 of body of heater hypomere 1 and/or winding-up rifle 5, silica flour waste material continuous spraying is blown in molten iron, forms liquation, the power of adjustment heater coil, control and maintain add liquation after silica flour waste material temperature more than 1480 DEG C; Winding-up adopts nitrogen injection, and nitrogen-blow load volume is 270 ~ 360Nm
3/ h, silica flour waste material winding-up amount is 270 ~ 450kg/min, lower same;
(C) after being blown into silica flour waste material, the liquid level of liquation rises and after filling body of heater stage casing 2, to be jetted silica flour waste material by the nozzle 4 in body of heater stage casing 2, the Heat preservation coil of body of heater epimere 3 is started working, control and the temperature maintaining liquation at 1480 DEG C within the scope of 1520 DEG C; Continuous winding-up silica flour waste material, control and the temperature maintaining liquation more than 1330 DEG C, until ferro-silicon liquid reaches the liquid level of required ferro-silicon label product.Now can reach the standard of ferro-silicon, but the too high problem of carbon content may be there is in partial picture, now for this situation, only the ferro-silicon liquid in intermediate frequency furnace need be sent to vacuum decarburization device carries out decarburization, according to the difference of carbon containing, select to add iron scale, carry out composition and finally adjust, generate qualified ferro-silicon liquid, smelting process terminates.Vacuum decarburization adopts common decarbonization process, and those skilled in the art can realize, and place does not repeat them here.
The present invention mainly realizes based on the mechanism of the following aspects: the fusing point of silicon, iron and ferrosilicon and proportion:
Fe: fusing point 1538 DEG C, proportion 7800kg/m
3
Si: fusing point 1414 DEG C, proportion 2300kg/m
3
Fe-Si: fusing point 1300 DEG C, proportion 3300kg/m
3
In silica flour waste material, silicon powder particle is blown in molten iron or ferro-silicon liquid, and under the effect of difference in specific gravity, silicon powder particle can float.Silicon powder particle carries out sufficient thermodynamics and kinetics exchange with molten iron or ferro-silicon liquid and melts in uphill process, forms ferro-silicon and progressively improves the concentration of silicon in ferro-silicon liquid.Constantly adding and melting along with silicon, the silicone content in ferro-silicon progressively rises and finally reaches required ferro-silicon product.In ferro-silicon, the concentration of silicon progressively improves, and makes the fusing point of ferro-silicon progressively decline and change.
Present invention utilizes silicon carbide and melt reaction mechanism
Silicon carbide melts
Silicon carbide fusing point is 2700 DEG C, proportion 3200kg/m
3.In silica flour waste material, silicon-carbide particle is blown in molten iron or ferro-silicon liquid, at the effect float downward of difference in specific gravity.Silicon-carbide particle carries out sufficient thermodynamics and kinetics exchange with molten iron or ferro-silicon liquid in floating-upward process, makes carbon be combined with iron and be liquefied silicon carbide, and silicon and molten iron or ferro-silicon liquid are further combined with forming ferro-silicon liquid.
Reactional equation: SiC+Fe---→ SiFe+C
Silicon dioxde reaction mechanism
Silica melting point 1650 DEG C, proportion 2200kg/m
3.In silica flour waste material, silica dioxide granule is blown in molten iron or ferro-silicon liquid, under the effect of difference in specific gravity, silica dioxide granule floats, sufficient thermodynamics and kinetics exchange is carried out with molten iron or ferro-silicon liquid in floating-upward process, the carbon generation chemical reaction that part of silica particle and molten iron or ferro-silicon liquid rush, makes silicon-dioxide be reduced into silicon.Chemical reaction is as follows:
C+SiO
2——→SiO+CO↑
Winding-up is stirred and induction stirring mechanism
(1) winding-up is stirred
Winding-up carrier gas is being blown in molten iron or ferro-silicon liquid, expand under the heating of molten iron or ferro-silicon liquid, the gas expanded carries out stirring fully the silica flour waste material sprayed into is evenly distributed in molten iron or ferro-silicon liquid to molten iron or ferro-silicon liquid, further promote silica flour waste granules to exchange at molten iron or ferro-silicon liquid thermodynamics and kinetics, accelerate the various reactions of silica flour waste material in molten iron or ferro-silicon liquid, shorten the time of smelting.
(2) induction stirring
Molten iron or ferro-silicon liquid form Stirring under the effect of intermediate frequency furnace electromagnetic force, stir and facilitate silica flour waste material being uniformly distributed in molten iron or ferro-silicon liquid, strengthen silica flour waste granules thermodynamics and kinetics in molten iron or ferro-silicon liquid to exchange, accelerate the various reactions of silica flour waste material in molten iron or ferro-silicon liquid, shorten the time of smelting duriron.
(3) vacuum decarburization mechanism
In the process that silicon carbide melts, produce a certain amount of C element sometimes, cannot discharge.In atmospheric conditions, the SiO produced in the process that silicon-dioxide melts is dissolved in ferro-silicon liquid simultaneously, cannot continue reaction and generate Si and CO.Therefore after ferro-silicon liquid is come out of the stove through vacuum decarburization device, namely move can remove SiO by molecular balance, if still containing C element, add appropriate iron scale, reach the object removing C element, produce qualified ferrosilicon.
Vacuum decarburization reaction formula is as follows:
C+SiO——→Si+CO↑
Fe-C+Fe
3O
4——→FeO+CO↑
Fe-C+FeO——→Fe+CO↑
The present invention is explained further below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of intermediate frequency furnace, comprises body of heater, and body of heater is divided into body of heater hypomere 1, body of heater stage casing 2 and body of heater epimere 3 three sections from bottom to top; The diameter of body of heater hypomere 1 is 764mm, is highly 700mm, and the shape of the vertical section in body of heater stage casing 2 is the reverse frustoconic of inner hollow, and the diameter of lower end, body of heater stage casing 2 equals the diameter of body of heater hypomere 1; The height in body of heater stage casing 2 is 700mm, and the angle of side and horizontal plane is 60 °, and the height of body of heater epimere 3 is 1462mm, and the diameter of upper end, body of heater stage casing 2 equals the diameter of body of heater epimere 3, and this intermediate frequency furnace is 10 tons of ferrosilicon intermediate frequency furnaces.The sidewall bottom in body of heater stage casing 2 is provided with 2 nozzles 4, and the bottom of body of heater hypomere 1 is provided with a nozzle 4, and nozzle 4 adopts gas permeable brick; Body of heater epimere 3 is provided with Heat preservation coil; Body of heater hypomere 1 and body of heater stage casing 2 are provided with heater coil.The Heat preservation coil of body of heater epimere 3 works alone; The heater coil in body of heater hypomere 1 and body of heater stage casing 2 is by same control circui.Heat preservation coil is positioned at the bottom of body of heater epimere 3.
During use, the steps include:
(A) by the 2500kg low-carbon waste steel shove charge needed for smelting ferrosilicon, scrap melting is become molten iron with body of heater stage casing 2 heater coil energising work by body of heater hypomere 1, and is continued by molten iron to be heated to 1570 DEG C within the scope of 1610 DEG C; The composition of silica flour waste material is: Si:72%, Si-C:16%, Fe:2%, and all the other are SiO
2, granularity: 6.5 μm-10 μm;
(B) by the nozzle 4 of body of heater hypomere 1, silica flour waste material continuous spraying is blown in molten iron, forms liquation, the power of adjustment heater coil, control and maintain add liquation after silica flour waste material temperature at 1480 DEG C within the scope of 1520 DEG C; Winding-up adopts nitrogen injection, and nitrogen-blow load volume is 300Nm
3/ h, silica flour waste material winding-up amount is 300kg/min;
(C) after being blown into silica flour waste material, the liquid level of liquation rises and after filling body of heater stage casing 2, to be jetted silica flour waste material by the nozzle 4 in body of heater stage casing 2, the Heat preservation coil of body of heater epimere 3 is started working, continuous winding-up silica flour waste material, final control the temperature maintaining liquation at 1330 DEG C within the scope of 1370 DEG C, until ferro-silicon liquid is full of body of heater working zone.
(E) ferro-silicon liquid is sent into vacuum decarburization device, regulate vacuum tightness to-5, add iron scale 252.4kg, produce qualified ferro-silicon liquid, smelting process terminates simultaneously.
Come out of the stove ferro-silicon amount: 10283kg, silicon content 72.9%.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 3, a kind of intermediate frequency furnace, with embodiment 1, the height not being both body of heater hypomere 1 is 600mm, and the volume of body of heater hypomere 1 accounts for 40% of body of heater working zone; Also comprise winding-up rifle 5, charging is by winding-up rifle 5, and winding-up rifle 5 is inserted into the bottom of body of heater hypomere 1 downwards through the top of body of heater.Winding-up rifle 5 is adopted to add silica flour waste material.
(A) by the 2500kg low-carbon waste steel shove charge needed for smelting ferrosilicon, scrap melting is become molten iron with body of heater stage casing 2 heater coil energising work by body of heater hypomere 1, and is continued by molten iron to be heated to 1590 DEG C within the scope of 1630 DEG C; The composition of silica flour waste material is: Si:72%, Si-C:16%, Fe:2%, and all the other are SiO
2, granularity: 6.5 μm-10 μm;
(B) by the nozzle 4 of body of heater hypomere 1, silica flour waste material continuous spraying is blown in molten iron, forms liquation, the power of adjustment heater coil, control and maintain add liquation after silica flour waste material temperature at 1450 DEG C within the scope of 1560 DEG C; Winding-up adopts nitrogen injection, and nitrogen-blow load volume is 350Nm
3/ h, silica flour waste material winding-up amount is 390kg/min;
(C) after being blown into silica flour waste material, the liquid level of liquation rises and after filling body of heater stage casing 2, to be jetted silica flour waste material by the nozzle 4 in body of heater stage casing 2, the Heat preservation coil of body of heater epimere 3 is started working, continuous winding-up silica flour waste material, final control the temperature maintaining liquation at 1340 DEG C within the scope of 1360 DEG C, until ferro-silicon liquid is full of body of heater working zone.
(E) ferro-silicon liquid is sent into vacuum decarburization device, regulate vacuum tightness to-5, add iron scale 252.4kg, produce qualified ferro-silicon liquid, smelting process terminates simultaneously.
Come out of the stove ferro-silicon amount: 10283kg, silicon content 72.9%.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of intermediate frequency furnace, comprises body of heater, and body of heater is divided into body of heater hypomere 1, body of heater stage casing 2 and body of heater epimere 3 three sections from bottom to top; The diameter of body of heater hypomere 1 is 874mm, is highly 800mm, and the shape of the vertical section in body of heater stage casing 2 is the reverse frustoconic of inner hollow, and the diameter of lower end, body of heater stage casing 2 equals the diameter of body of heater hypomere 1; The height in body of heater stage casing 2 is 700mm, and the angle of side and horizontal plane is 60 °, and the height of body of heater epimere 3 is 2024mm, and the diameter of upper end, body of heater stage casing 2 equals the diameter of body of heater epimere 3, and this intermediate frequency furnace is 15 tons of ferrosilicon intermediate frequency furnaces.The sidewall bottom in body of heater stage casing 2 is provided with 2 nozzles 4, and the bottom of body of heater hypomere 1 is provided with a nozzle 4, and nozzle 4 adopts gas permeable brick; Body of heater epimere 3 is provided with Heat preservation coil; Body of heater hypomere 1 and body of heater stage casing 2 are provided with heater coil.The Heat preservation coil of body of heater epimere 3 works alone; The heater coil in body of heater hypomere 1 and body of heater stage casing 2 is by same control circui.Heat preservation coil is positioned at the bottom of body of heater epimere 3.
During use, the steps include:
(A) by the 3750kg low-carbon waste steel shove charge needed for smelting ferrosilicon, scrap melting is become molten iron with body of heater stage casing 2 heater coil energising work by body of heater hypomere 1, and is continued by molten iron to be heated to 1570 DEG C within the scope of 1600 DEG C; The composition of silica flour waste material is: Si:72%, Si-C:16%, Fe:2%, and all the other are SiO
2, granularity: 10 μm-38 μm;
(B) by the nozzle 4 of body of heater hypomere 1, silica flour waste material continuous spraying is blown in molten iron, forms liquation, the power of adjustment heater coil, control and maintain add liquation after silica flour waste material temperature at 1480 DEG C within the scope of 1510 DEG C; Winding-up adopts nitrogen injection, and nitrogen-blow load volume is 300Nm
3/ h, silica flour waste material winding-up amount is 300kg/min;
(C) after being blown into silica flour waste material, the liquid level of liquation rises and after filling body of heater stage casing 2, to be jetted silica flour waste material by the nozzle 4 in body of heater stage casing 2, the Heat preservation coil of body of heater epimere 3 is started working, control and the temperature maintaining liquation at 1480 DEG C within the scope of 1510 DEG C;
(D) continuous winding-up silica flour waste material, finally control and the temperature maintaining liquation at 1350 DEG C within the scope of 1400 DEG C, until ferro-silicon liquid is full of body of heater working zone.
(E) ferro-silicon liquid is sent into vacuum decarburization device, regulate vacuum tightness to-5, add iron scale 378.6kg, produce qualified ferro-silicon liquid, smelting process terminates simultaneously.
Come out of the stove ferro-silicon amount: 15424kg, silicon content 73%.
Schematic above the present invention and embodiment thereof to be described, those of ordinary skill in the art are according to the description in present specification and accompanying drawing, can know principle of work of the present invention and completely can realize technical scheme of the present invention and reach the effect that the present invention will reach, so repeat no more, this schematic description is not restricted, shown in accompanying drawing is also one of embodiments of the present invention, actual structure and method are not limited thereto, such as can adopt common intermediate frequency stove direct heating, but silicone content is lower like this, need first to refine a stove, then half is poured out to another stove, and then add silica flour, program is complicated, vacuum oven is directly adopted to smelt in other words or winding-up charging smelting+vacuum decarburization below, these are also all can according to the principle of file of the present invention, those skilled in the art can expect and the technical scheme easily realized naturally, so, if those of ordinary skill in the art enlightens by it, when not departing from the invention aim, the frame mode identical or similar with this technical scheme and embodiment is designed without creationary, based on the legislative spirit of patent law, protection scope of the present invention all should be belonged to.
Claims (8)
1. utilize a method for crystalline silicon waste material smelting duriron, ferrosilicon prepared by molten iron crystalline silicon cutting waste material being put into fusing.
2. utilize a method for crystalline silicon waste material smelting duriron, the steps include:
(A) by the steel scrap shove charge needed for smelting ferrosilicon, the scrap melting in body of heater is become molten iron, and molten iron is continued be heated to more than 1570 DEG C;
(B) silica flour waste material continuous spraying is blown in molten iron, forms liquation, control and maintain add liquation after silica flour waste material temperature more than 1480 DEG C;
(C) after being blown into silica flour waste material, the liquid level of liquation rises and fills after in the middle part of body of heater, winding-up silica flour waste material is continued in the liquation of body of heater, control and the temperature maintaining liquation more than 1330 DEG C, until ferro-silicon liquid reaches the liquid level of required ferro-silicon label product.
3. a kind of method utilizing crystalline silicon waste material smelting duriron according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, also comprise step (D): the ferro-silicon liquid in stove is sent to vacuum decarburization device and carries out decarburization, carry out composition and finally adjust, obtain qualified ferro-silicon liquid.
4. a kind of method utilizing crystalline silicon waste material smelting duriron according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in described step (A), the add-on of steel scrap is determined with the purity of ferrosilicon to be prepared according to becoming to be grouped in silica flour waste material.
5. a kind of method utilizing crystalline silicon waste material smelting duriron according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described winding-up adopts shielding gas winding-up.
6. a kind of method utilizing crystalline silicon waste material smelting duriron according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described shielding gas winding-up load volume is 270 ~ 360Nm
3/ h, silica flour waste material winding-up amount is 270 ~ 450kg/min.
7. a kind of method utilizing crystalline silicon waste material smelting duriron according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in described step (A), the add-on of steel scrap is determined with the purity of ferrosilicon to be prepared according to becoming to be grouped in silica flour waste material.
8. a kind of method utilizing crystalline silicon waste material smelting duriron according to claim 2, is characterized in that, it is add after fragmentation that described steel scrap adds.
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