CN108384919A - A kind of foaming agent for smelting steel in electric arc furnace and its application method - Google Patents
A kind of foaming agent for smelting steel in electric arc furnace and its application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108384919A CN108384919A CN201810037930.2A CN201810037930A CN108384919A CN 108384919 A CN108384919 A CN 108384919A CN 201810037930 A CN201810037930 A CN 201810037930A CN 108384919 A CN108384919 A CN 108384919A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/54—Processes yielding slags of special composition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C2300/00—Process aspects
- C21C2300/02—Foam creation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of foaming agent for smelting steel in electric arc furnace and its application method, which includes mainly lime based material, carbonaceous material and iron-bearing materials.Wherein, its ingredient is according to weight percent：Lime based material 20 ~ 80%, carbonaceous material 10 ~ 60%, iron-bearing materials 10 ~ 50%, magnesia 0 ~ 10%, aluminium oxide 0 ~ 10%.Correspondingly, the invention also discloses the application methods of the foaming agent.Compared with prior art, this foaming agent can make molten steel generate a large amount of CO gas while stability and high efficiency carburetting, promote the formation of foamed slag, stablize electric arc, reduce power consumption, accelerate electric-arc furnace steelmaking rhythm of production, reduce smelting cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of steel metallurgy, and in particular to foaming agent for smelting steel in electric arc furnace and its make in steel smelting procedure
Use method.
Technical background
Based on energy in arc furnace smelting procedure is inputted with electric energy, and after steel scrap is melting down, electric arc is easily exposed in liquation face
On, strong arc light radiation effect water cooled furnace wall and resistance to material service life, and melting electric consumption is caused to increase, smelting cycle extends, and influences electricity
Arc stove normally smelts rhythm, increases production cost.Good foam slag operation in slag blanket by forming a large amount of CO gases
Foam makes foam that the thickness of slag be made to reach 2.5 ~ 3.0 times of arc length, including electric arc is shielded completely, reduces electric arc to stove
The radiation on top and furnace wall extends arc furnace body life time, and improves the thermal efficiency of electric arc furnaces.During conventional arc stove is smelted, blowing
Carbon dust or carborundum powder are sprayed while oxygen into molten bath, forms strong reaction between carbon and oxygen, a large amount of CO bubbles is provided to slag blanket, is
The main means for promoting foamed slag to be formed.At present mainly using furnace wall or fire door carbon rifle injection, artificial fire door be added etc. modes to
Carbon dust is added in molten bath, molten steel carburetting is promoted to reinforce the generation of reaction between carbon and oxygen, the carbon dust in these techniques is all by above molten bath
It is added, is influenced by carbon dust injecting velocity and furnace high-temperature flue gas flow disturbance, a large amount of carbon dusts are easily blown band and come out of the stove by furnace gas, flue dust
Outside, carbon dust utilization rate is relatively low, and smelting process foamed slag effect is undesirable, influences smelting process and product quality.
Core of the electric arc furnace smelting as mini-mill steelmaking process, production cycle and production cost directly affect short
How the economic benefit of flow production process is realized generation foamed slag faster and better in steel-making course of the electric arc furnace, and is stablized
Carbon is protected, it is controllably the problem of current electric arc furnaces production to be faced to make molten finish of aim carbon.
Invention content
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the object of the present invention is to provide one kind, and molten steel can be made to be produced while stability and high efficiency carburetting
Raw a large amount of CO gas, promotes the formation of foamed slag, stablizes electric arc, reduces power consumption, accelerates electric-arc furnace steelmaking production section
For the additive and application method of foaming in the steel-making course of the electric arc furnace and Technology of Steel Castings played.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of foaming agent for smelting steel in electric arc furnace, the foaming agent include lime based material, contain
Carbon material, iron oxide-containing materials and binder, wherein its ingredient is according to weight percent：Lime based material 20 ~ 80% contains
Carbon material 10 ~ 60%, iron-bearing materials 10 ~ 50%.
Further, which further includes magnesia 0 ~ 10%, aluminium oxide 0 ~ 10%.
Further, the lime based material is the mixture of commercial lime and lime stone, and carbonaceous material is anthracite, coke
The mixture of one or more of powder, graphite powder, broken graphite electrode powder, iron-bearing materials are the mixture of iron and iron oxide.
Further, above-mentioned raw materials are suppressed by balling-up, a diameter of 10-100mm of pelletizing by the method for pelletizing using pelletizer.
Another object of the present invention provides the application method of above-mentioned foaming agent, and the foaming agent in electric arc furnaces according to being added
Burden structure proportioning it is different, the foaming dosage being added is different, when steel scrap ratio is less than 30%, be added foaming dosage be 0 ~
4kg/ tons of steel；When steel scrap ratio between 30% ~ 70% constantly, be added foaming dosage be 4 ~ 8kg/ tons of steel；When steel scrap ratio is 70%
When above, it is 8 ~ 12kg/ tons of steel that foaming dosage, which is added,.
Further, it is as follows that technique is specifically added：
Material basket feed postition is incorporated as using electric-arc furnace steelmaking steel scrap（Coordinate high hopper）,
Step（1）：T0~T1In the stage, this stage is the charging phase of electric arc furnace smelting, before last batch of steel scrap is added, first
It is spread to material basket bottom into the foaming agent for accounting for total amount 10% ~ 30%, and in T1Moment is added to last batch of raw material in stove, to molten steel
Middle oxygen blast, single rifle oxygen flow are 50 ~ 1000Nm3/ h, when steel scrap ratio be less than 30% when, after steel scrap is all melting down directly into
Enter step（3）, when steel scrap ratio is more than or equal to 30%, enter step（2）；
Step（2）：T1~T2In the stage, this stage is the melting stage of electric arc furnace smelting, until T2During moment steel scrap is all melting down,
It is gradually added into the foaming agent for accounting for total amount 20% ~ 80% into stove by high hopper, addition rate is 10 ~ 50kg/min, and to steel
Oxygen blast in liquid, single rifle oxygen flow are 150 ~ 2000Nm3/h；
Step（3）：T2~T3Stage, this stage are the decarburization temperature raising period of electric arc furnace smelting, when that will reach steel-making terminal, are led to
It crosses high hopper or fire door and is added at one time remaining foaming agent into stove, while being blown carbon dust, rate is 5 ~ 150kg/min,
And the oxygen blast into molten steel, single rifle oxygen flow are 100 ~ 1500Nm3/h。
Further, this method can also be：Electric-arc furnace steelmaking steel scrap is incorporated as continuous charging mode：
Step（1）：T0~T1Stage, this stage are the charging phase of electric arc furnace smelting, when 30% ~ 80% steel scrap, and the shape in stove is added
Behind the molten bath of part, the foaming agent for accounting for total amount 10% ~ 50% is gradually added into stove by continuous charging channel or fire door, speed is added
Rate is 5 ~ 30kg/min, and the oxygen blast into molten steel, single rifle oxygen flow are 50 ~ 1000Nm3/ h, when steel scrap ratio is less than 30%,
It is directly entered step after steel scrap is all melting down（3）, when steel scrap ratio is more than or equal to 30%, enter step（2）；
Step（2）：T1~T2In the stage, this stage is the melting stage of electric arc furnace smelting, until T2During moment steel scrap is all melting down,
The foaming agent for accounting for total amount 20% ~ 80% is gradually added into stove by continuous charging channel or fire door, addition rate is 10 ~ 50kg/
Min, and the oxygen blast into molten steel, single rifle oxygen flow are 150 ~ 2000Nm3/h；
Step（3）：T2~T3Stage, this stage are the decarburization temperature raising period of electric arc furnace smelting, when that will reach steel-making terminal, are led to
It crosses fire door and is added at one time remaining foaming agent, while being blown carbon dust, rate is 5 ~ 150kg/min, and the oxygen blast into molten steel is single
Rifle oxygen flow is 100 ~ 1500Nm3/h。
Further, which is suitable for 50 ~ 300t electric arc furnaces.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, compared with prior art, the present invention this foaming agent
Molten steel can be made to generate a large amount of CO gas while stability and high efficiency carburetting, promote the formation of foamed slag, stablize electric arc,
Power consumption is reduced, electric-arc furnace steelmaking rhythm of production is accelerated, reduces smelting cost.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the embodiment of the present invention 1：50 tons of electric arc furnace smelting artworks of 40% molten iron, 60% steel scrap.
Fig. 2 is the embodiment of the present invention 2：100 tons of electric arc furnace smelting artworks of full steel scrap.
Specific implementation mode
Technical scheme of the present invention is described further with reference to specific embodiment.
A kind of foaming agent for smelting steel in electric arc furnace of the present invention, the foaming agent include lime based material, carbonaceous material, containing oxidation
Iron material and binder, wherein its ingredient is according to weight percent：Lime based material 20 ~ 80%, carbonaceous material 10 ~ 60%,
Iron-bearing materials 10 ~ 50%.
The foaming agent further includes magnesia 0 ~ 10%, aluminium oxide 0 ~ 10%.
The lime based material is the mixture of commercial lime and lime stone, and carbonaceous material is anthracite, coke blacking, graphite
The mixture of one or more of powder, broken graphite electrode powder, iron-bearing materials are the mixture of iron and iron oxide.
The foaming agent matches different, to be added foaming dosage differences according to the burden structure being added in electric arc furnaces, when
When steel scrap ratio is less than 30%, it is 0 ~ 4kg/ tons of steel that foaming dosage, which is added,；When steel scrap ratio between 30% ~ 70% constantly, be added hair
Infusion amount is 4 ~ 8kg/ tons of steel；When steel scrap ratio is 70% or more, it is 8 ~ 12kg/ tons of steel that foaming dosage, which is added,.
Specific addition technique is as follows：
Material basket feed postition is incorporated as using electric-arc furnace steelmaking steel scrap（Coordinate high hopper）
Step（1）：T0~T1In the stage, this stage is the charging phase of electric arc furnace smelting, before last batch of steel scrap is added, first
It is spread to material basket bottom into the foaming agent for accounting for total amount 10% ~ 30%, and in T1Moment is added to last batch of raw material in stove, to molten steel
Middle oxygen blast, single rifle oxygen flow are 50 ~ 1000Nm3/ h, when steel scrap ratio be less than 30% when, after steel scrap is all melting down directly into
Enter step（3）, when steel scrap ratio is more than or equal to 30%, enter step（2）；
Step（2）：T1~T2In the stage, this stage is the melting stage of electric arc furnace smelting, until T2During moment steel scrap is all melting down,
It is gradually added into the foaming agent for accounting for total amount 20% ~ 80% into stove by high hopper, addition rate is 10 ~ 50kg/min, and to steel
Oxygen blast in liquid, single rifle oxygen flow are 150 ~ 2000Nm3/h；
Step（3）：T2~T3Stage, this stage are the decarburization temperature raising period of electric arc furnace smelting, when that will reach steel-making terminal, are led to
It crosses high hopper or fire door and is added at one time remaining foaming agent into stove, while being blown carbon dust, rate is 5 ~ 150kg/min,
And the oxygen blast into molten steel, single rifle oxygen flow are 100 ~ 1500Nm3/h。
This method can also be：Electric-arc furnace steelmaking steel scrap is incorporated as continuous charging mode：
Step（1）：T0~T1Stage, this stage are the charging phase of electric arc furnace smelting, when 30% ~ 80% steel scrap, and the shape in stove is added
Behind the molten bath of part, the foaming agent for accounting for total amount 10% ~ 50% is gradually added into stove by continuous charging channel or fire door, speed is added
Rate is 5 ~ 30kg/min, and the oxygen blast into molten steel, single rifle oxygen flow are 50 ~ 1000Nm3/ h, when steel scrap ratio is less than 30%,
It is directly entered step after steel scrap is all melting down（3）, when steel scrap ratio is more than or equal to 30%, enter step（2）；
Step（2）：T1~T2In the stage, this stage is the melting stage of electric arc furnace smelting, until T2During moment steel scrap is all melting down,
The foaming agent for accounting for total amount 20% ~ 80% is gradually added into stove by continuous charging channel or fire door, addition rate is 10 ~ 50kg/
Min, and the oxygen blast into molten steel, single rifle oxygen flow are 150 ~ 2000Nm3/h；
Step（3）：T2~T3Stage, this stage are the decarburization temperature raising period of electric arc furnace smelting, when that will reach steel-making terminal, are led to
It crosses fire door and is added at one time remaining foaming agent, while being blown carbon dust, rate is 5 ~ 150kg/min, and the oxygen blast into molten steel is single
Rifle oxygen flow is 100 ~ 1500Nm3/h。
Application method is suitable for 50 ~ 300t electric arc furnaces.
Embodiment 1
Steel scrap feed postition is material basket charging, and foaming agent is added in cooperation high hopper, and burden structure is 40% molten iron, 60% steel scrap
50 tons of electric arc furnace smeltings,
Blowing agent composition be commercial lime 50%, coke powder 30%,（Fe+FeO）15%, magnesia 2%, aluminium oxide 2%, remaining is impurity
And binder.
It is smelted using the foaming agent of mentioned component in 50 tons of electric arc furnaces, starts to smelt after twenty minutes, be added most
The material basket bottom of later batch steel scrap is spread in advance into 100kg foaming agents, continues power transmission after charging 15 minutes, and oxygen is blown into stove
Gas, oxygen supply intensity are single rifle 1000Nm3/h；When scrap melting formed molten bath until it is melting down after, be continuously added by high hopper
Foaming agent 250kg, addition rate is 12.5kg/min, and oxygen, oxygen supply intensity 1500Nm are blown into stove by oxygen rifle3/
h；Smelting endpoint will be reached, adjusts in molten steel component and temperature-rise period, remaining 50kg foaming agent is added by fire door, is sprayed simultaneously
Carbon dust is blown, rate is 50kg/min and is blown into oxygen, oxygen supply intensity 1200Nm into stove by oxygen rifle3/ h, ingredient and temperature
It smelts and terminates after suitable.
After foaming agent progress electric arc furnace smelting is added in method described above, the duration of heat averagely shortens 2.9 minutes, and electricity consumption is flat
Reduce by 14.4kWh/ tons of steel, lime consumption reduces by 5kg/ tons of steel, and carbon dust consumption reduces 3.5kg/ tons of steel, molten steel after smelting
Middle carbon content is stablized, and when foaming agent is not added is more easily controlled,.
Embodiment 2
Continuous charging 100 tons of electric arc furnace smeltings of full steel scrap：
Blowing agent composition be commercial lime 40%, coke powder 45%,（Fe+FeO）10%, aluminium oxide 4%, remaining is impurity and binder.
It is smelted using the foaming agent of mentioned component in 100 tons of electric arc furnaces, after 60 tons of steel scrap is added in continuous charging,
It is continuously added into 400kg foaming agents into continuous charging channel, continues to be blown into oxygen into stove during charging, oxygen supply intensity is single
Rifle 1000Nm3/h；To during melting down after steel scrap is all added, 600kg foaming is continuously added by continuous charging channel
Agent, addition rate is 30kg/min, and oxygen, oxygen supply intensity 2000Nm are blown into stove by oxygen rifle3/h；Smelting will be reached
Terminal is refined, adjusts in molten steel component and temperature-rise period, remaining 200kg foaming agent is added by fire door, while being blown carbon dust, rate
For 70kg/min, and oxygen, oxygen supply intensity 1500Nm are blown into stove by oxygen rifle3/ h, ingredient and temperature are properly smelted afterwards
Terminate.
After foaming agent progress electric arc furnace smelting is added in method described above, the duration of heat averagely shortens 3.3 minutes, and electricity consumption is flat
Reduce by 15.7kWh/ tons of steel, lime consumption reduces by 2.5kg/ tons of steel, and carbon dust consumption reduces 5kg/ tons of steel, molten steel after smelting
Middle carbon content is stablized, and when foaming agent is not added is more easily controlled.
The above is only a few embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not only restricted to the limitation of above-described embodiment, it is all according to
According to similar modification, variation and replacement that the technical spirit of the present invention makes above-described embodiment, technical solution of the present invention is still fallen within
In the range of.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of foaming agent for smelting steel in electric arc furnace, which is characterized in that the foaming agent includes lime based material, carbonaceous material and contains
Above-mentioned material is uniformly mixed by iron oxide material with binder, is suppressed above-mentioned raw materials by the method for pelletizing using pelletizer
Balling-up, a diameter of 10-100mm of pelletizing；Wherein, ingredient is according to weight percent：Lime based material 20 ~ 80%, carbonaceous material
10 ~ 60%, iron-bearing materials 10 ~ 50%.
2. foaming agent according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the foaming agent further include magnesia 0 ~ 10%, aluminium oxide 0 ~
10%。
3. foaming agent according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the lime based material is commercial lime and lime stone
Mixture, carbonaceous material are the mixture of one or more of anthracite, coke blacking, graphite powder, broken graphite electrode powder, iron content
Material is the mixture of iron and iron oxide.
4. a kind of application method of foaming agent as described in claim 1-3 any one, which is characterized in that the foaming agent according to
The burden structure proportioning being added in electric arc furnaces is different, and the foaming dosage being added is different, when steel scrap ratio is less than 30%, adds
The dosage that enters to foam is 0 ~ 4kg/ tons of steel；When steel scrap ratio between 30% ~ 70% constantly, be added foaming dosage be 4 ~ 8kg/ tons of steel；
When steel scrap ratio is 70% or more, it is 8 ~ 12kg/ tons of steel that foaming dosage, which is added,.
5. application method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that specific addition technique is as follows：
Material basket feed postition is incorporated as using electric-arc furnace steelmaking steel scrap（Coordinate high hopper）,
Step（1）：T0~T1Stage, this stage be electric arc furnace smelting the charging phase, before last batch of steel scrap is added, elder generation to
Material basket bottom is spread into the foaming agent for accounting for total amount 10% ~ 30%, and in T1Moment is added to last batch of raw material in stove, into molten steel
Oxygen blast, single rifle oxygen flow are 50 ~ 1000Nm3/ h is directly entered when steel scrap ratio is less than 30% after steel scrap is all melting down
Step（3）, when steel scrap ratio is more than or equal to 30%, enter step（2）；
Step（2）：T1~T2In the stage, this stage is the melting stage of electric arc furnace smelting, until T2During moment steel scrap is all melting down,
It is gradually added into the foaming agent for accounting for total amount 20% ~ 80% into stove by high hopper, addition rate is 10 ~ 50kg/min, and to steel
Oxygen blast in liquid, single rifle oxygen flow are 150 ~ 2000Nm3/h；
Step（3）：T2~T3Stage, this stage are the decarburization temperature raising period of electric arc furnace smelting, when that will reach steel-making terminal, are passed through
High hopper or fire door are added at one time remaining foaming agent into stove, while being blown carbon dust, and rate is 5 ~ 150kg/min, and
The oxygen blast into molten steel, single rifle oxygen flow are 100 ~ 1500Nm3/h。
6. application method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that this method can also be：Electric-arc furnace steelmaking steel scrap adds
Enter for continuous charging mode：
Step（1）：T0~T1Stage, this stage are the charging phase of electric arc furnace smelting, when 30% ~ 80% steel scrap, and the shape in stove is added
Behind the molten bath of part, the foaming agent for accounting for total amount 10% ~ 50% is gradually added into stove by continuous charging channel or fire door, speed is added
Rate is 5 ~ 30kg/min, and the oxygen blast into molten steel, single rifle oxygen flow are 50 ~ 1000Nm3/ h, when steel scrap ratio is less than 30%,
It is directly entered step after steel scrap is all melting down（3）, when steel scrap ratio is more than or equal to 30%, enter step（2）；
Step（2）：T1~T2In the stage, this stage is the melting stage of electric arc furnace smelting, until T2During moment steel scrap is all melting down,
The foaming agent for accounting for total amount 20% ~ 80% is gradually added into stove by continuous charging channel or fire door, addition rate is 10 ~ 50kg/
Min, and the oxygen blast into molten steel, single rifle oxygen flow are 150 ~ 2000Nm3/h；
Step（3）：T2~T3Stage, this stage are the decarburization temperature raising period of electric arc furnace smelting, when that will reach steel-making terminal, are passed through
Fire door is added at one time remaining foaming agent, while being blown carbon dust, and rate is 5 ~ 150kg/min, and the oxygen blast into molten steel, single rifle
Oxygen flow is 100 ~ 1500Nm3/h。
7. application method according to claim 5 or 6, it is characterised in that：The application method is suitable for 50 ~ 300t electric arcs
Stove.
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| CN201810037930.2A CN108384919A (en) | 2018-01-16 | 2018-01-16 | A kind of foaming agent for smelting steel in electric arc furnace and its application method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111926146A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-11-13 | 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 | Method for reducing consumption of refractory material of electric furnace |
| CN115725815A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2023-03-03 | 重庆永航钢铁集团有限公司 | Preparation process of prefabricated foam slag of electric arc furnace molten pool |
| CN117721272A (en) * | 2023-11-29 | 2024-03-19 | 北京新佰奥科技有限公司 | Composite slag foaming agent for steelmaking and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111926146A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-11-13 | 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 | Method for reducing consumption of refractory material of electric furnace |
| CN115725815A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2023-03-03 | 重庆永航钢铁集团有限公司 | Preparation process of prefabricated foam slag of electric arc furnace molten pool |
| CN117721272A (en) * | 2023-11-29 | 2024-03-19 | 北京新佰奥科技有限公司 | Composite slag foaming agent for steelmaking and preparation method thereof |
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