CN108911161B - Water quality regulator for aquaculture and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Water quality regulator for aquaculture and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/342—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used characterised by the enzymes used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/348—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used characterised by the way or the form in which the microorganisms are added or dosed
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/14—NH3-N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/22—O2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/06—Nutrients for stimulating the growth of microorganisms
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water quality regulator for aquaculture and a preparation method thereof, and the water quality regulator comprises the following raw materials by weight: 200 g of molasses 160-one material, 20-50 g of catalase, 30-60 g of nitrobacteria, 30-50 g of photosynthetic bacteria, 20-30 g of bacillus subtilis, 30-70 g of DL-malic acid, 60-80 g of glacial acetic acid, 80-100 g of urea, 50-80 g of chitosan, 40-50 g of zeolite powder, 170 g of humic acid 130-one material, 50-70 g of dipsacus root extract and 30-50 g of polygonatum odoratum extract. The water quality regulator disclosed by the invention can accelerate the circulation of pond materials, inhibit the pH value of a water body from rising, change the chemical process of the formation of harmful ammonia nitrogen and nitrite, reduce the generation of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and hydrogen sulfide in a water layer and a substrate, improve the chemical oxygen consumption of sludge at the bottom of the pond, reduce the health hazard of toxic and harmful chemical substances to aquatic animals, promote the growth of the aquatic animals and have good social and economic benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a water quality regulator for aquaculture and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of aquaculture.
Background
Modern aquaculture intensification degree is higher and higher, and high density breed mode will certainly lead to the feeding of a large amount of high protein fodder, consequently have a large amount of nitrogenous organic matters to be imported in the water, and the pollution of aquatic livestock excrement and urine wastes material, the degree of deterioration of breed water has been accelerated, especially the middle and later stage of breed management, the breed pond is in high temperature cultivation season, under the insufficient condition of dissolved oxygen, a large amount of water dissolved oxygen of above-mentioned nitrogenous organic matters and incomplete bait consumption, cause the not enough of water dissolved oxygen, seriously harm aquatic livestock's existence and growth.
In addition, in the process of preventing and treating aquatic animal diseases, disinfectants, antibiotics and the like are frequently applied, and the good flora system of the water body and the balance of algae generating oxygen are also seriously damaged. With the accumulation of aquaculture ponds for many years, sludge at the bottom of the ponds is deposited due to residual baits, feces, dead animal and plant bodies, disinfectants, antibiotics and the like, the ponds contain rich organic matters, a large amount of dissolved oxygen in water is consumed by sludge dominated by anaerobic microorganisms, finally, the organic matters are incompletely oxidized due to insufficient dissolved oxygen to generate toxic and harmful reducing substances such as total ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide and the like, water quality indexes such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide, dissolved oxygen and the like in water are difficult to regulate and control, and the normal growth, development, health and survival of aquatic animals are influenced. Therefore, in order to improve the quality of aquaculture water environment and ensure the smooth operation of aquaculture production, the aquaculture water quality regulator is used.
The existing aquaculture water quality regulator has an action mechanism that harmful substances in water are directly interacted (such as oxidation reduction reaction, adsorption coagulation precipitation, microorganism absorption decomposition and the like) through physical, chemical or biological modes to remove the harmful substances or reduce the concentration of the harmful substances, so that the aim of improving the water environment is fulfilled. However, in the application process, the existing water quality regulator is easy to apply and has poor effect, the water quality is difficult to effectively improve, and destructive raw materials in the regulator cause secondary pollution to a water body, influence the balance of microorganisms and algae in a water environment and influence the growth of cultured animals to cause adverse effects. Therefore, the development of a safe and environment-friendly water quality regulator which can effectively improve the water quality condition and thoroughly remove organic matters and toxic and harmful reducing substances in the water body is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a water quality regulator for aquaculture and a preparation method thereof, wherein the water quality regulator is safe and environment-friendly, can reduce organic matters in a water body for aquaculture, greatly reduce the contents of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and hydrogen sulfide and chemical oxygen consumption of sludge at the bottom of a pond, accelerate the growth and reproduction of beneficial microorganisms and algae, decompose organic pollutants, promote the circulation of pond materials, increase dissolved oxygen in the pond and improve the environment of the aquaculture water body.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a water quality regulator for aquaculture comprises the following raw materials by weight: 200 g of molasses 160-one material, 20-50 g of catalase, 30-60 g of nitrobacteria, 30-50 g of photosynthetic bacteria, 20-30 g of bacillus subtilis, 30-70 g of DL-malic acid, 60-80 g of glacial acetic acid, 80-100 g of urea, 50-80 g of chitosan, 40-50 g of zeolite powder, 170 g of humic acid 130-one material, 50-70 g of dipsacus root extract and 30-50 g of polygonatum odoratum extract.
The viable count of nitrifying bacteria is 1 × 1010cfu/g, viable count of photosynthetic bacteria 3X 1010cfu/g, viable count of Bacillus subtilis is 1 × 1010cfu/g, enzyme activity of Catalase 1X 107U/g。
The preparation method of the teasel root extract comprises the following steps: pulverizing radix Dipsaci into coarse powder of 20-30 mesh, adding petroleum ether 10 times the weight of the coarse powder of radix Dipsaci, reflux extracting for 1-2 hr, defatting, and discarding petroleum ether extract; volatilizing petroleum ether from the radix dipsaci residues, adding 70% ethanol with the weight 10 times that of the radix dipsaci residues, soaking for 1-2h, extracting under reflux for 1-2h, and filtering to obtain a first filtrate; adding 10 times of 70% ethanol into the residue, reflux extracting for 1-2 hr, filtering to obtain a second filtrate, mixing the two filtrates, recovering ethanol under reduced pressure until no ethanol smell exists, lyophilizing, and pulverizing to obtain radix Dipsaci extract.
The preparation method of the polygonatum extract comprises the following steps: adding 10 times of water into rhizoma Polygonati Odorati, soaking for 2-3 hr, decocting for 1-2 hr, and filtering to obtain first filtrate; adding 10 times of water into the residue, decocting for 1-2 hr, filtering to obtain a second filtrate, mixing the two filtrates, freeze drying, and pulverizing to obtain rhizoma Polygonati Odorati extract.
A preparation method of a water quality regulator for aquaculture comprises the following steps: mixing all the raw materials uniformly, and granulating with a tabletting machine.
The effects and effects of the raw materials are as follows:
nitrifying bacteria can convert ammonia nitrogen into nitrite through nitrification, and then further convert the nitrite into nitrate. The content of ammoniacal nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in the aquaculture water body or the aquaculture wastewater can be reduced by utilizing the nitrifying bacteria, so that the purposes of improving the water quality of the aquaculture water body and purifying the aquaculture wastewater are achieved.
The photosynthetic bacteria can use small molecular organic matters as carbon sources and hydrogen donors in the self-propagation process, and use water environment dissolved nitrogen (such as ammonium, nitrate, nitrite and the like) as nitrogen sources to synthesize organic nitride, so that the small molecular organic matters, ammonium, nitrate and nitrite in water can be consumed, and the effect of purifying water quality is achieved.
The bacillus subtilis can absorb and utilize COD, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and the like in the culture water in the growth process, and has better water purification effect; the bacillus subtilis can secrete a large amount of active substances such as subtilin, polymyxin, nystatin, short bacitracin, protease, amylase, lipase and the like in the growth process of the bacillus subtilis, can occupy the space advantage of flora, inhibit the growth and the propagation of harmful microorganisms such as harmful bacteria, pathogenic bacteria and the like, can decompose macromolecular organic matters such as residual feed, excrement and the like in a water body, and reduce the eutrophication degree of the water body; the bacillus subtilis can stimulate the growth and development of aquatic animals, improve the levels of immunoglobulin and antibody, enhance the cellular immunity and humoral immunity functions and improve the immunity of groups.
Molasses, chitosan and catalase are used as raw materials of the water quality regulator, the flocculation and clarification effects are achieved, the water quality improvement and purification effects can be improved, molasses can provide a carbon source for bacillus subtilis, rapid activation and propagation of the bacillus subtilis are promoted, chitosan and catalase can improve the activities of the regulator and microorganisms in the soil, the compound of the molasses, the chitosan and the catalase can fully exert the function of probiotics, harmful germs are inhibited, toxic pollutants in water are effectively absorbed and decomposed, the purification effect of the regulator on water is improved, a good culture environment is maintained, the occurrence of diseases is reduced, and the culture risk is reduced.
Humic acid, urea and other raw materials can not only fertilize the water body, increase the dissolved oxygen of the water body and adjust the pH value of the water body, but also adsorb harmful heavy metal ions and cyanides, so that beneficial metal ions are released, ammonia nitrogen in the water is removed, the growth and photosynthesis of algae are promoted, the dissolved oxygen of the water body is increased, and the bottom quality of the water body is improved.
The zeolite has a unique mineral framework structure and is provided with porous channels and cavities, so that the surface area of the zeolite is large, and the surface area of 1 gram of zeolite can reach 500-1000 m2The structure determines that the water purifying agent has strong adsorbability and can adsorb harmful substances such as ammonia, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and the like, so that the water purifying agent can purify water and reduce the content of toxic and harmful substances in water. In addition, the zeolite contains all the major elements and most of the trace elements required for the growth and development of aquatic animals. These elements are present in an ionic state and can be utilized by aquatic animals.
The malic acid and the glacial acetic acid can utilize the acid-base neutralization principle to remove the ammonia-base toxicity, and utilize the acidity to inhibit the propagation of certain microorganisms, such as blue algae, bacteria, viruses and the like, so that the malic acid and the glacial acetic acid have small side effect and harm to aquatic animals, and are safe and environment-friendly.
The radix dipsaci extract and the polygonatum extract can promote the reproduction of probiotics, inhibit the reproduction of germs, effectively prevent the infection of germs such as vibrios and the like to aquatic animals, and ensure that the water environment is in good ecological balance; meanwhile, the radix dipsaci extract and the polygonatum extract are released in a water body and can be absorbed and utilized by aquatic animals, so that the growth and development of the aquatic animals can be promoted, the immunity of the aquatic animal body can be improved, the digestibility of the aquatic animals can be improved, the pollution of the excrement of the aquatic animals to the water body can be reduced, and the radix dipsaci extract and the polygonatum extract can play a role together with probiotics and enzymes in the animal body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the water quality regulator disclosed by the invention can accelerate the circulation of pond substances, inhibit the pH value of a water body from rising, change the chemical process of the formation of harmful ammonia nitrogen and nitrite, reduce the generation of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and hydrogen sulfide in a water layer and a substrate, improve the chemical oxygen consumption of sludge at the bottom of the pond, reduce the health hazard of toxic and harmful chemical substances to aquatic animals and promote the growth of the aquatic animals.
(2) The water quality regulator of the invention promotes the growth and the propagation of aerobic microorganisms and beneficial algae, inhibits the growth of harmful bacteria, improves the decomposition efficiency of organic pollutants, increases the dissolved oxygen content of ponds, improves the dissolved oxygen condition of water bodies, improves the environment of aquaculture water bodies, improves the dissolved oxygen content of water bodies, improves the survival rate of aquatic animals, reduces the morbidity and increases the economic benefit.
(3) The water quality regulator disclosed by the invention is green and environment-friendly, has no side effect on aquatic animals, is easy to obtain raw materials, is convenient to use, provides a new way for purifying aquaculture water, and has good social and economic benefits.
Detailed Description
The following examples further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention in detail.
The preparation method of the teasel root extract comprises the following steps: pulverizing radix Dipsaci into coarse powder of 20-30 mesh, adding petroleum ether 10 times the weight of the coarse powder of radix Dipsaci, reflux extracting for 1h, defatting, and discarding petroleum ether extract; volatilizing petroleum ether from the radix dipsaci dregs, adding 70% ethanol with the weight being 10 times that of the radix dipsaci dregs, soaking for 2 hours, extracting for 1 hour under reflux, and filtering to obtain a first filtrate; adding 10 times of 70% ethanol into the residue, reflux extracting for 1 hr, filtering to obtain a second filtrate, mixing the two filtrates, recovering ethanol under reduced pressure until no ethanol smell exists, lyophilizing, and pulverizing to obtain radix Dipsaci extract.
The preparation method of the polygonatum extract comprises the following steps: adding 10 times of water into rhizoma Polygonati Odorati, soaking for 2 hr, decocting for 1 hr, and filtering to obtain first filtrate; adding 10 times of water into the residue, decocting for 1 hr, filtering to obtain a second filtrate, mixing the two filtrates, freeze drying, and pulverizing to obtain rhizoma Polygonati Odorati extract.
The viable count of nitrifying bacteria is 1 × 1010cfu/g, viable count of photosynthetic bacteria 3X 1010cfu/g, viable bacteria of Bacillus subtilisNumber 1X 1010cfu/g, enzyme activity of Catalase 1X 107U/g。
Example 1
A water quality regulator for aquaculture comprises the following raw materials by weight: 160 g of molasses, 50 g of catalase, 60 g of nitrobacteria, 30 g of photosynthetic bacteria, 30 g of bacillus subtilis, 70 g of DL-malic acid, 60 g of glacial acetic acid, 90 g of urea, 50 g of chitosan, 50 g of zeolite powder, 170 g of humic acid, 50 g of teasel root extract and 30 g of polygonatum extract.
The preparation method comprises mixing all the raw materials, and granulating with a granule tablet machine.
Example 2
A water quality regulator for aquaculture comprises the following raw materials by weight: 180 g of molasses, 20 g of catalase, 50 g of nitrobacteria, 50 g of photosynthetic bacteria, 20 g of bacillus subtilis, 30 g of DL-malic acid, 80 g of glacial acetic acid, 100 g of urea, 70 g of chitosan, 40 g of zeolite powder, 140 g of humic acid, 70 g of teasel root extract and 50 g of polygonatum extract.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Example 3
A water quality regulator for aquaculture comprises the following raw materials by weight: 200 g of molasses, 40 g of catalase, 30 g of nitrobacteria, 40 g of photosynthetic bacteria, 20 g of bacillus subtilis, 50 g of DL-malic acid, 70 g of glacial acetic acid, 80 g of urea, 80 g of chitosan, 50 g of zeolite powder, 130 g of humic acid, 50 g of teasel root extract and 40 g of polygonatum extract.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Application effects
Zhengzhou consolidates a pond for mandarin fish cultivation, the area is 10 mu, the water depth is 1.5 m, the water color is poor, the water quality is deteriorated, after the water quality regulator (example 1) is applied (200 g/mu), the water color is obviously improved, the transparency is obviously increased, and the chemical indexes of various cultivation water bodies before and after the water quality regulator is applied are shown in the following table. Meanwhile, a certain brand of water quality improver sold on the market is applied to another pond with the same specification according to the instructions, the water color is slightly improved after 24 hours after the water quality improver is applied, the transparency is improved, and the overall effect is not obvious.
As can be seen from the table, after the water quality regulator disclosed by the invention is applied for 24 hours, the pH value, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide and sediment COD of a culture water body are all remarkably reduced, and the dissolved oxygen is greatly increased, so that the water quality regulator disclosed by the invention has a good effect of improving water quality.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A water quality regulator for aquaculture is characterized by comprising the following raw materials by weight: 200 g of molasses 160-one, 20-50 g of catalase, 30-60 g of nitrobacteria, 30-50 g of photosynthetic bacteria, 20-30 g of bacillus subtilis, 30-70 g of DL-malic acid, 60-80 g of glacial acetic acid, 80-100 g of urea, 50-80 g of chitosan, 40-50 g of zeolite powder, 170 g of humic acid 130-one, 50-70 g of dipsacus root extract and 30-50 g of polygonatum extract;
the viable count of nitrifying bacteria is 1 × 1010cfu/g, viable count of photosynthetic bacteria 3X 1010cfu/g, viable count of Bacillus subtilis is 1 × 1010cfu/g, enzyme activity of Catalase 1X 107U/g。
2. The water quality regulator according to claim 1, which comprises the following raw materials by weight: 160 g of molasses, 50 g of catalase, 60 g of nitrobacteria, 30 g of photosynthetic bacteria, 30 g of bacillus subtilis, 70 g of DL-malic acid, 60 g of glacial acetic acid, 90 g of urea, 50 g of chitosan, 50 g of zeolite powder, 170 g of humic acid, 50 g of teasel root extract and 30 g of polygonatum extract.
3. The water quality regulator according to claim 1, which comprises the following raw materials by weight: 180 g of molasses, 20 g of catalase, 50 g of nitrobacteria, 50 g of photosynthetic bacteria, 20 g of bacillus subtilis, 30 g of DL-malic acid, 80 g of glacial acetic acid, 100 g of urea, 70 g of chitosan, 40 g of zeolite powder, 140 g of humic acid, 70 g of teasel root extract and 50 g of polygonatum extract.
4. The water quality regulator according to claim 1, which comprises the following raw materials by weight: 200 g of molasses, 40 g of catalase, 30 g of nitrobacteria, 40 g of photosynthetic bacteria, 20 g of bacillus subtilis, 50 g of DL-malic acid, 70 g of glacial acetic acid, 80 g of urea, 80 g of chitosan, 50 g of zeolite powder, 130 g of humic acid, 50 g of teasel root extract and 40 g of polygonatum extract.
5. A water quality regulator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said Dipsacus asperoides extract is prepared by: pulverizing radix Dipsaci into coarse powder of 20-30 mesh, adding petroleum ether 10 times the weight of the coarse powder of radix Dipsaci, reflux extracting for 1-2 hr, defatting, and discarding petroleum ether extract; volatilizing petroleum ether from the radix dipsaci residues, adding 70% ethanol with the weight 10 times that of the radix dipsaci residues, soaking for 1-2h, extracting under reflux for 1-2h, and filtering to obtain a first filtrate; adding 10 times of 70% ethanol into the residue, reflux extracting for 1-2 hr, filtering to obtain a second filtrate, mixing the two filtrates, recovering ethanol under reduced pressure until no ethanol smell exists, lyophilizing, and pulverizing to obtain radix Dipsaci extract.
6. A water quality regulator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the Polygonatum odoratum extract is prepared by: adding 10 times of water into rhizoma Polygonati Odorati, soaking for 2-3 hr, decocting for 1-2 hr, and filtering to obtain first filtrate; adding 10 times of water into the residue, decocting for 1-2 hr, filtering to obtain a second filtrate, mixing the two filtrates, freeze drying, and pulverizing to obtain rhizoma Polygonati Odorati extract.
7. A method for preparing a water quality regulator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein all the raw materials are mixed uniformly and granulated by a tablet press.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102973586A (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2013-03-20 | 泰州市春达动物药业饲料有限公司 | Fishery chitosan immunoenhancer |
| CN107555612A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-01-09 | 唐宏泉 | A kind of culture environment of aquatic products special purification agent and its preparation technology |
| CN108185213A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-06-22 | 兰溪市酉泽饲料技术服务有限公司 | The preparation method of loach seedling nutrition enhancer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102973586A (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2013-03-20 | 泰州市春达动物药业饲料有限公司 | Fishery chitosan immunoenhancer |
| CN107555612A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-01-09 | 唐宏泉 | A kind of culture environment of aquatic products special purification agent and its preparation technology |
| CN108185213A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-06-22 | 兰溪市酉泽饲料技术服务有限公司 | The preparation method of loach seedling nutrition enhancer |
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Inventor after: Tang Guopan Inventor after: Wu Taiqian Inventor after: Lu Chang Inventor after: Wu Jiao Inventor after: Wang Mi Inventor after: Huang Runyun Inventor after: Wang Wendai Inventor after: Huang Haoqiang Inventor after: He Xianjie Inventor after: Wang Shengjie Inventor before: Tang Guopan Inventor before: Lu Chang Inventor before: He Xianjie Inventor before: Wang Mi Inventor before: Wang Wendai Inventor before: Huang Haoqiang Inventor before: Wang Shengjie Inventor before: Wu Taiqian |
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