CN108896208A - A kind of permafrost region ground temperature measurement system and method - Google Patents
A kind of permafrost region ground temperature measurement system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108896208A CN108896208A CN201810535466.XA CN201810535466A CN108896208A CN 108896208 A CN108896208 A CN 108896208A CN 201810535466 A CN201810535466 A CN 201810535466A CN 108896208 A CN108896208 A CN 108896208A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
- G01K1/14—Supports; Fastening devices; Arrangements for mounting thermometers in particular locations
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Abstract
It can be capable of the real-time monitoring state at remote control monitoring permafrost region scene repeatedly long lasting for the permafrost region ground temperature measurement system and method used the present invention provides a kind of, guarantee the accuracy of permafrost region ground temperature monitoring, including：The temperature monitoring equipment of monitoring natural gas hydrate stability zone temperature in closing drilling well, rest on the ground the data collecting instrument of acquisition and treatment temperature data, the long range radio transmissions equipment that temperature data information is sent to the data collecting instrument, the monitoring terminal for being used to provide data collecting instrument the solar electric power supply system of electric energy and being used to remotely monitor；Fancy casing is embedded on drilling well inner wall, and the tube wall of the fancy casing is engraved structure, and the temperature monitoring equipment is put into drilling well, is located in the fancy casing；The data collecting instrument and temperature monitoring equipment electrical connection, the long range radio transmissions equipment are connect with the monitoring terminal wireless communication.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to gas hydrates acquisition technique fields, and in particular under a kind of realization frozen soil layer and frozen soil layer
The system and method for the dynamic monitoring in situ of temperature, and then realize accurate measurement natural gas hydrate stability zone thickness.
Background technique
Gas hydrates (Natural Gas Hydrate) are under cryogenic high pressure by water and small object gas molecule group
At class ice, non-stoichiometry, cage type solid chemical compound, be commonly called as " combustible ice ", because gas componant therein is mainly methane, therefore
Also known as methane hydrate (Methane Hydrate).Gas hydrates energy density is high, in an ideal case, 1m3It is natural
The decomposable 164m out of gas hydrate3Methane gas and 0.8m3Water, Air-pollution From Combustion is all more much smaller than coal, petroleum, natural gas, and
And rich reserves, the global enough mankind of reserves use 1000, thus it is considered as the alternative energy source of the following petroleum gas by various countries.
And natural gas hydrate is distributed widely in the halmeic deposit and deep lacustrine deposit of Permafrost Area, edge of continental shelf on the earth
In object, estimate that the organic C storage in global gas hydrates is 2 × 1016m3, being equivalent to the whole world, to have verified conventional fossil fuel total
Twice or more of carbon amounts.
Along with further going deep into for natural gas hydrate exploration developmental research, to influence gas hydrates Occurrence Horizon
The attention that the combined system calculated with reserves, the especially importance of geologic body already cause more and more scientists.For many years
Permafrost region, surface temperature, frozen soil layer geothermal gradient, geothermal gradient and gas hydrates temperature and pressure balance each other boundary under frozen soil layer
Defined by region be hydrate Thermodynamically stable area, i.e. natural gas hydrate stability zone.Geothermal gradient and boundary of balancing each other
Upper intersection point be that boundary is pushed up in stabilized zone, lower intersection point is stabilized zone Di Jie, and the stabilized zone between two intersection points is theoretic gas water
It closes object and forms section.The calculating of natural gas hydrate stability zone, control gas hydrates longitudinally, laterally on distribution
And the size of mining deposits potentiality, and the thickness of natural gas hydrate stability zone, it can be used for predicting that target area natural gas is hydrated
Object stock number plays decisive role in Gas Hydrate Resources appraisement system.
In permafrost region, when analyzing for frozen soil distribution and Temperature-pressure Conditions, only studying the relatively high area of degree has
Temperature logging data, other mostly use greatly simple temperature measurement data approximation to seek geothermal gradient.Even if moreover, instantly technology the most at
Ripe, the relatively reliable temperature logging of data, measurement need to be carried out when drilling fluid is liquid, and in measurement process, drilling fluid is
Liquid is easy to freeze, so can not be reused after such drilling well is used only once due to freezing for drilling fluid.Together
When, what which only measured is the variation tendency structure of drilling fluid, and drilling fluid is easy to exist in different deep-level locations
Temperature transmitting, so temperature measurement result is estimation as a result, accuracy is not high enough, to the calculating shadow of natural gas hydrate stability zone
Sound is larger, to influence the calculating of China's permafrost region Assessment of Gas Hydrate Resource Potential and stock number.
Therefore it provides a kind of method and system that can accurately measure natural gas hydrate stability zone thickness, is this field
Urgent problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide one kind can be repeatedly long lasting for the permafrost region ground temperature measurement system used
System is capable of the real-time monitoring state at remote control monitoring permafrost region scene by the system.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a kind of methods for carrying out permafrost region ground temperature measurement using above system, lead to
The accuracy of permafrost region ground temperature monitoring can be guaranteed by crossing this method, for gas hydrates occurrence condition under research permafrost region environment
The problem in science such as variation, stock number statistics, climatic revolution provide key parameter.
In order to achieve the above object, the specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows：
A kind of permafrost region ground temperature measurement system, including：Observation natural gas hydrate stability zone temperature in closing drilling well
The temperature monitoring equipment of degree rest on the ground the data collecting instrument of acquisition and treatment temperature data, transmits temperature data information
To the data collecting instrument long range radio transmissions equipment, for data collecting instrument provide electric energy solar electric power supply system with
And the monitoring terminal for remotely monitoring；
Fancy casing is embedded on drilling well inner wall, and the tube wall of the fancy casing is engraved structure, and the temperature monitoring is set
It is standby to be put into drilling well, it is located in the fancy casing；
The data collecting instrument and temperature monitoring equipment electrical connection, the long range radio transmissions equipment and the monitoring
Terminal wireless communication connection.
Further, the temperature monitoring equipment is temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor includes multiple；
According to the difference of depth in drilling well and temperature, multiple temperature sensors are sequentially connected in series by cable, and vertical point
Cloth, monitors the temperature of drilling well different depth respectively, and different temperature sensors has independent data transmission link.
Further, according to the difference of drilling depth and the difference of thickness of frozen earth layer, the two neighboring temperature sensor
Between spacing differ, specially：
Underground 0-10m depth, the spacing of two neighboring temperature sensor are 0.5m；
Underground 10-30m is deep, and the spacing of two neighboring temperature sensor is 1.0m；
Underground 30-100m is deep, and the spacing of two neighboring temperature sensor is 5.0m.
Further, according to the difference of thickness of frozen earth layer, natural gas hydrate stability zone and depth of stratum, two neighboring institute
The spacing for stating temperature sensor differs, specially：
Underground 100-400m depth, the spacing of two neighboring temperature transducer are 10m；
When the 400-600m of underground, the spacing of two neighboring temperature transducer is 30m.
Further, the monitoring frequency of the temperature sensor is 2min/ -10min.
The present invention also provides the methods for carrying out permafrost region ground temperature measurement using above system, include the following steps：
Step 1: drilling well, is embedded the fancy casing in its inner wall；
Step 2: being put into the temperature monitoring equipment got ready into drilling well, it is located at the fancy inside pipe casing；
Step 3: the temperature monitoring equipment is electrically connected with the data collecting instrument on ground；
Step 4: the soil at drilling well is backfilled, guarantee in-situ monitoring data reliability and drilling well internal monitoring space
Leakproofness and monitoring device normal operation；
Step 5: showing for connection line, temperature monitoring equipment, data collecting instrument and long range radio transmissions equipment
Field debugging, it is ensured that the normal acquisition of monitoring data and the normal transmission of data-signal；
Step 6: for statistical analysis according to acquisition data.
Further, in step 2,
The temperature monitoring equipment is temperature sensor, and multiple temperature sensors are sequentially connected in series, vertical distribution is being bored
In well, the temperature of drilling well different depth is monitored respectively.
Further, the spacing of the two neighboring temperature sensor of different depth is different, and the big position of temperature change is adjacent
Spacing between temperature monitoring sensor is relatively small, and the spacing between the adjacent temperature monitoring sensor in the small position of temperature change is opposite
It is larger.
Further, in step 4, the backfill is specifically included：
It is a small amount of multiple, restore to stratum natural state, guarantees the normal operation of drilling well internal unit.
Further, for statistical analysis according to acquisition data in step 6, it specifically includes：
Parameters variation on the temperature monitoring equipment of real-time monitoring vertical characteristics, to the temperature data of acquisition according to depth into
Row time-sequencing, and statistically analyze.
Permafrost region ground temperature measurement system provided by the invention can observe permafrost region gas water for a long time and relatively accurately
The real change of ground temperature in object stabilized zone is closed, and the monitoring of observation site can be remotely controlled, is that permafrost region gas hydrates are steady
The fixed true observation with interior ground temperature is provided with sharp condition.The method being observed by the system, can effectively ensure that permafrost region
The real change of ground temperature in natural gas hydrate stability zone becomes for gas hydrates occurrence condition under research permafrost region environment
The problem in science such as change, stock number statistics, climatic revolution provide key parameter.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of permafrost region ground temperature measurement system provided by the invention.
Specific embodiment
Present invention problem, technical solution and advantage are illustrated by reference to exemplary embodiment.However, the present invention is not
It is limited to exemplary embodiment as disclosed below, it can be realized by different form.
Attached drawing 1 is the schematic diagram of permafrost region ground temperature measurement system provided by the invention, in the following, with reference to the accompanying drawings 1, to this programme
It describes in detail.
A kind of permafrost region ground temperature measurement system, as shown in Figure 1, including：Monitoring natural gas hydration in closing drilling well
The temperature monitoring equipment of object stabilized zone temperature rest on the ground the number for obtaining the simultaneously temperature data for the treatment of temperature monitoring device monitoring
It sends the long range radio transmissions equipment of data collecting instrument to according to Acquisition Instrument, by temperature data information, be used to mention data collecting instrument
Solar electric power supply system for electric energy and the monitoring terminal for remotely monitoring.
It further include fancy casing, which is embedded on drilling well inner wall, and the tube wall of fancy casing is engraved structure, temperature
Degree monitoring device is put into drilling well, is located in fancy casing.The fancy casing can not only fix the borehole wall, can make in well that space can
With stratum connection in situ, guarantee the original position of monitoring, also guarantee to deviate after temperature monitoring equipment is put into drilling well,
Simultaneously as its side wall is engraved structure, monitoring of the temperature monitoring equipment for drilling well different depth ground temperature will not influence.
Under normal conditions, after drilling well, the drilling fluid in well can be largely affected by the ambient temperature, and be located at
Temperature measurement equipment actual measurement in drilling fluid be drilling fluid temperature, be not real ground temperature, therefore, have certain
Error.Simultaneously as environment temperature is extremely low, drilling fluid solidification will lead to, finally, the drilling well of the position is used only once,
And it can not be reused, relatively waste of resource.In the present solution, temperature monitoring equipment is located in drilling well, while drilling well
For closed state, it can prevent or greatly reduce influence of the external environment for brill well temperature, temperature monitoring equipment is direct
The temperature value of measurement is the actual temperature for being exactly subsurface formations in drilling well, so that monitoring data are more true and reliable.
Data collecting instrument and temperature monitoring equipment electrical connection, long range radio transmissions equipment and monitoring terminal wireless communication connect
It connects, the temperature data of monitoring is fed back to the data collecting instrument on ground in real time by temperature monitoring equipment, and data collecting instrument will receive
The temperature data arrived carries out statistical disposition, and is sent to monitoring terminal by long range radio transmissions equipment, by monitoring terminal energy
Enough temperature changes monitored inside drilling at any time, can also recognize in the permafrost region underground natural gas hydrate stability zone
The real change of ground temperature provides long-term authentic and valid data for the research of the permafrost region underground natural gas hydrate stability zone.
The monitoring terminal can remotely be monitored anywhere, greatly reduce researcher in the monitoring time of permafrost region.
Wherein, solar electric power supply system need to meet equipment electric energy loss under low temperature environment and photo-translating system is stablized；Far
Journey wireless transport module needs network stabilization, flow abundance, data transmission to stablize, to guarantee that the acquired quality of data is reliable.
In actual measurement, preferable temperature monitoring device is temperature sensor, and certain temperature sensor needs are multiple, so as to
In the temperature for measuring different depth in drilling well simultaneously.
According to the difference of depth in drilling well and temperature, multiple temperature sensors are sequentially connected in series by cable, vertical characteristics, point
Not Jian Ce drilling well different depth temperature.And the temperature data of temperature sensor monitoring directly can send ground to by cable
On data collecting instrument.Certainly, its data transmission link of different temperature sensors is to be individually present, a temperature sensor pair
Answer a temperature data transmission line.That is, multiple temperature sensors pass through cable series connection, meanwhile, different temperature passes
Sensor has independent data transmission link.
Certainly, the installation site of temperature sensor needs to change the sensing of visibility point setting effective quantity in ground temperature
Device, but be guarantee device security, then the quantity of temperature sensor should be reduced to greatest extent, to mitigate cable counterweight, so as not to it is right
Cable damages the influence quality of data.
For the drawbacks of Permafrost Area underground space is limited and low-temp low-pressure, by suitable high altitude environment it is low temperature resistant,
The vertical series connection of temperature sensors of high precision cable, overall dimensions are less than frozen soil drilling well inside diameter.
Carry out conventional probing work in survey region, and determines the parameters such as drilling well bore, hole deviation, depth by technical requirements.
One embodiment of the present invention is hydrated according to multiple fieldwork and permafrost region Characteristics of Geotemperature in conjunction with natural gas
Object stabilized zone section is from earth's surface to lower sensor vertical characteristics degression type rule for monitoring the prospect pit of 600m depth：According to
The difference of drilling depth, frozen soils temperature variation and gas hydrates form the position in area, two neighboring temperature sensor it
Between spacing differ, specially：
Underground 0-10m depth, the spacing of two neighboring temperature sensor are 0.5m；Underground 10-30m is deep, two neighboring temperature
The spacing for spending sensor is 1.0m.Underground 30-100m is deep, and the spacing of two neighboring temperature sensor is 5.0m.0-100 meters, it is
Frozen soil layer, wherein ice, predominantly protective layer may be contained, where it is possible to there is hydrate, it is also possible to be free of hydrate.0-15 meters
Depth is influenced by surface temperature variation, temperature change more frequently, therefore be arranged spacing it is relatively small.Underground 100-400m depth,
The spacing of two neighboring temperature transducer is 10m；When the 400-600m of underground, the spacing of two neighboring temperature transducer is 30m.It leans on
The position of near surface, due to being influenced by atmospheric temperature, temperature change is very fast, and therefore, it is necessary to relatively multiple temperature are arranged
Sensor is spent, to monitor its temperature change at any time.And 100m-600m is permafrost area, and temperature change is smaller, so phase
The spacing of adjacent two temperature sensors is larger.100-600 meters, may all be natural gas hydrate stability zone, that is, can be formed
The depth bounds top of hydrate is deep, generally referred to as frozen soil layer bottom circle, and deeply how much bottom, is according to frozen soil layer THICKNESS CALCULATION.600
Rice is hereinafter, if it exceeds natural gas hydrate stability zone range, is also just not present hydrate.And after 650m, ground temperature is again
It gradually rises, according to natural gas hydrate stability zone calculation formula, gas hydrates can not be formed under the depth, do not needed
It is monitored again.
One embodiment of the present invention, due to different depth position, ground temperature period of change and frequency difference, therefore, temperature
The monitoring frequency for spending sensor may also be different.Variation more frequently position, can be set the monitoring frequency of temperature sensor compared with
Height, for example reach 2min/ times, and temperature change period longer position, the monitoring frequency that temperature sensor can be set are opposite
It is lower, such as 10min times.Certainly, the monitoring frequency that temperature sensor can be set according to the actual situation is consistent.
After each component is installed, equipment is integrally debugged, to longitudinal gradient type ground temperature measurement system parameter variations
After normal, check data acquisition process unit, and field adjustable is carried out to long range radio transmissions module, ensure Real-time Monitoring Data
With system performance situation, to solve long-term observation system distance farther out, the drawback of arduous area on-site maintenance difficulty.
Real time data acquisition is carried out, ground temperature true value, change of gradient quantitative analysis are carried out, judges that region frozen soils temperature changes,
Work is adopted in cooperating area Gas Hydrate Drilling and runin, and the vertical upper Parameters variation of real-time monitoring presses the data of acquisition
Depth carries out time-sequencing, and for statistical analysis.I.e. under the premise of not destroying in situ environment, reflect permafrost region gas water
The real change of ground temperature in object stabilized zone is closed, for the variation of gas hydrates occurrence condition, stock number under research permafrost region environment
The problem in science such as statistics, climatic revolution provide key parameter.
The method provided by the invention for carrying out permafrost region ground temperature measurement using above system：
Firstly, drilling well, is embedded fancy casing in its inner wall；Later, the temperature monitoring equipment got ready, position are put into drilling well
It is electrically connected in fancy inside pipe casing, then by temperature monitoring equipment with the data collecting instrument on ground.Temperature monitoring equipment is temperature
Sensor, multiple temperature sensors are sequentially connected in series, vertical distribution is in drilling well, monitor the temperature of drilling well different depth respectively.No
It is different with the spacing of the two neighboring temperature sensor of depth, between the adjacent temperature monitoring sensor in the big position of temperature change between
Away from relatively small, the spacing between the adjacent temperature monitoring sensor in the small position of temperature change is relatively large.
Secondly, the soil at drilling well is backfilled, guarantee in-situ monitoring data reliability and drilling well internal monitoring space
The normal operation of leakproofness and monitoring device.Needs are a small amount of multiple when backfill, avoid damage downhole cable and sensor.It is maximum
Degree is restored to stratum natural state, guarantees the normal operation of drilling well internal unit.
Again, scene is carried out for connection line, temperature monitoring equipment, data collecting instrument and long range radio transmissions equipment
Debugging, it is ensured that the normal acquisition of monitoring data and the normal transmission of data-signal；
Finally, carrying out data statistic analysis, the Parameters variation on the temperature monitoring equipment of vertical characteristics is observed in real time, to adopting
The temperature data of collection carries out time-sequencing according to depth, and statisticallys analyze.
More than, although the description of several embodiments of the invention, but these embodiments are intended only as example proposition
, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.For these new embodiments, can be implemented with various other ways,
In the range of not departing from the gist of the invention, it is able to carry out various omissions, displacement and change.These embodiments and its change
Shape while being contained in scope and spirit of the present invention, is also contained in the invention recorded in claims and its impartial model
In enclosing.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of permafrost region ground temperature measurement system, which is characterized in that including：Observation gas hydrates in closing drilling well
The temperature monitoring equipment of stabilized zone temperature, rest on the ground obtain and the data collecting instrument for the treatment of temperature data, by temperature data
Information sends the long range radio transmissions equipment of the data collecting instrument to, the solar energy for providing data collecting instrument electric energy supplies
Electric system and monitoring terminal for remotely monitoring；
Fancy casing is embedded on drilling well inner wall, and the tube wall of the fancy casing is engraved structure, and the temperature monitoring equipment is put
Enter in drilling well, is located in the fancy casing；
The data collecting instrument and temperature monitoring equipment electrical connection, the long range radio transmissions equipment and the monitoring terminal
Wireless communication connection.
2. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the temperature monitoring equipment is temperature sensor, the temperature
It includes multiple for spending sensor；
According to the difference of depth in drilling well and temperature, multiple temperature sensors are sequentially connected in series by cable, vertical characteristics, point
Not Jian Ce drilling well different depth temperature, different temperature sensors have independent data transmission link.
3. system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that not according to the difference of drilling depth and thickness of frozen earth layer
Together, the spacing between the two neighboring temperature sensor differs, specially：
Underground 0-10m depth, the spacing of two neighboring temperature sensor are 0.5m；
Underground 10-30m is deep, and the spacing of two neighboring temperature sensor is 1.0m；
Underground 30-100m is deep, and the spacing of two neighboring temperature sensor is 5.0m.
4. system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that according to thickness of frozen earth layer, natural gas hydrate stability zone and
The spacing of the difference of depth of stratum, the two neighboring temperature sensor differs, specially：
Underground 100-400m depth, the spacing of two neighboring temperature transducer are 10m；
When the 400-600m of underground, the spacing of two neighboring temperature transducer is 30m.
5. system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
The monitoring frequency of the temperature sensor is 2min/ -10min.
6. the method for carrying out permafrost region ground temperature measurement using system described in claim 1, which is characterized in that including following step
Suddenly：
Step 1: drilling well, is embedded the fancy casing in its inner wall；
Step 2: being put into the temperature monitoring equipment got ready into drilling well, it is located at the fancy inside pipe casing；
Step 3: the temperature monitoring equipment is electrically connected with the data collecting instrument on ground；
Step 4: the soil at drilling well is backfilled, guarantee the close of in-situ monitoring data reliability and drilling well internal monitoring space
The normal operation of envelope property and monitoring device；
Step 5: carrying out live tune for connection line, temperature monitoring equipment, data collecting instrument and long range radio transmissions equipment
Examination, it is ensured that the normal acquisition of monitoring data and the normal transmission of data-signal；
Step 6: for statistical analysis according to acquisition data.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, in step 2,
The temperature monitoring equipment is temperature sensor, and multiple temperature sensors are sequentially connected in series, vertical distribution is in drilling well
It is interior, the temperature of drilling well different depth is monitored respectively.
8. the method according to the description of claim 7 is characterized in that
The spacing of the two neighboring temperature sensor of different depth is different, the adjacent temperature monitoring sensor in the big position of temperature change
Between spacing it is relatively small, the spacing between the adjacent temperature monitoring sensor in the small position of temperature change is relatively large.
9. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, in step 4,
The backfill specifically includes：It is a small amount of repeatedly to restore to stratum natural state, guarantee in-situ monitoring data reliability,
And the normal operation of drilling well internal unit.
10. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, in step 6,
It is for statistical analysis according to acquisition data, it specifically includes：
Parameters variation on the temperature monitoring equipment of observation vertical characteristics in real time, when being carried out to the temperature data of acquisition according to depth
Between sort, and statistically analyze.
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| CN111395296A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-07-10 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Method and device for evaluating subgrade and ground temperature difference in frozen soil area |
| CN113216932A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-06 | 中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所 | System and method for monitoring natural gas hydrate development environmental effect in frozen soil area |
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