CN108896165A - A kind of substation's noise synthesis cloud atlas test method - Google Patents
A kind of substation's noise synthesis cloud atlas test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108896165A CN108896165A CN201810711881.6A CN201810711881A CN108896165A CN 108896165 A CN108896165 A CN 108896165A CN 201810711881 A CN201810711881 A CN 201810711881A CN 108896165 A CN108896165 A CN 108896165A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H17/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of substation's noise synthesis cloud atlas test method, based on test device include movable pedestal, fixed disk, floating disc, pitching regulating device, control cabinet and several array arms.Test method includes：Measuring point quantity, point position and observation angle are set by control processor；Test device is transported to first measuring point by movable pedestal；Keep measurement angle consistent with preset view angle；All measurement does not finish default measuring point, carries out image mosaic by the acoustic image that data acquisition processing device acquires all measuring points, obtains the noise synthesis cloud atlas of whole transformer station.Test method of the invention can complete the noise positioning of whole transformer station, without being simulated by software, by the way that the noise synthesis cloud atlas of whole substation can be directly obtained by the noise testing image mosaic of each measuring point, testing efficiency and precision can be improved, while can reduce the workload of test.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to substation's noise testing technical field, in particular to a kind of substation's noise synthesis cloud atlas test side
Method.
Background technique
Substation's internal noise being precisely separating and measuring, and is the key that carry out substation noise control and prevention and treatment.
But the measurement of substation's noise is influenced by outside environmental elements, the influence of have powerful connections among these noise and weather.In reality
When border measures, other than having noise caused by tested sound source, the presence of other noises is also had, such as the people around substation
The influence of noise of the life and works background such as stream, wagon flow, and bark, the transient noises such as motorcycle sound, the sum of these noises are known as
Ambient noise, ambient noise influence whether the accuracy of measurement.The noise for usually measuring certain machine measures back when machine is not opened
Scape noise, measures overall noise when machining, be then modified the noise for obtaining machine.And the substation to put into operation cannot be careless
It is out of service because its ambient noise is measured, using single sound level meter measurement noise, be substation's self-noise and
The superposition of other ambient noises.Utilize the measurement of single sound level meter, it is difficult to distinguish the source of substation's internal noise, distribution, greatly
The parameters such as small, spectrum signature, the responsibility for being unfavorable for substation equipment noise are distinguished, are brought not to the improvement of substation noise
Just.
Currently, by the noise synthesis cloud atlas of substation's entirety can be accurate and visual obtain noise source, but now
The method that the comprehensive cloud atlas of substation's overall noise can not directly acquired, the method typically now used are to utilize volume configuration
Noise-measuring system measures the acoustic image distribution map of some measuring point, then carries out several sound-filed simulation figure Input Softwares of acquisition
Analog simulation obtains the comprehensive cloud atlas of noise simulation of substation；Common problem is：The synthesis cloud atlas simulated by software
Accuracy is poor, is limited to the quantity and distribution situation of measuring point, cannot accurately react the distribution feelings of noise source in substation
Condition is not able to satisfy the needs of the noise rectification and environmental judgment of substation.To sum up, it needs one kind and can directly measure substation to make an uproar
The method of the comprehensive cloud atlas of sound.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of substation's noise synthesis cloud atlas test methods, to solve above-mentioned skill
Art problem.Test method of the invention can complete the noise positioning of whole transformer station, without by software simulation, by will be each
The noise testing image mosaic of a measuring point can directly obtain the noise synthesis cloud atlas of whole substation, testing efficiency can be improved
And precision, while can reduce the workload of test.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of substation's noise synthesis cloud atlas test method, test method based on test device include：Movable pedestal,
Fixed disk, floating disc, pitching regulating device, control cabinet and several array arms；First driving device is provided on movable pedestal,
First driving device can drive movable pedestal to move；Fixed disk is mounted on movable pedestal by pitching regulating device,
Pitching regulating device includes the second driving device, and it is vertical that the second driving device can drive pitching regulating device to adjust test device
The angle measurement in direction；It is provided with track in fixed disk, floating disc is installed on track, floating disc can move in orbit, track
Axis, the axis of fixed disk be overlapped with the axis of floating disc, third driving device, third driving device are provided in fixed disk
Floating disc orbital motion can be driven；Camera is provided in fixed disk；Each array arm is hinged in fixed disk, each
Array arm passes through a connecting rod and connect with floating disc, and the both ends of connecting rod are hinged with array arm and floating disc respectively, floats
Disk orbital motion can draw array arm and complete umbrella-type folding；Several sonic transducers are provided on each array arm；Control
Data acquisition processing device and control processor are provided in case；The letter of camera and each sonic transducer, output end are all connected with
The signal receiving end of data acquisition processing device；The signal output end of control processor drives with first driving device, second respectively
Dynamic device is connected with the signal receiving end of third driving device；
Substation's noise synthesis cloud atlas test method specifically includes following steps：
Step 1, test device is taken out and is assembled, test device is powered；
Step 2, measuring point quantity, point position and observation angle are set by control processor；
Step 3, the travel route and travel speed for setting movable pedestal are transported test device by movable pedestal
To first measuring point；
Step 4, the level that first driving device drives movable pedestal to adjust test device is controlled by control processor
The angle measurement in direction controls the level side that the second driving device drives pitching regulating device to adjust test device by control processor
To angle measurement, keep the measurement angle of test device consistent with preset view angle；
Step 5, the image information that noise at measuring point is acquired by camera is acquired by acoustic sensor array and is made an uproar at measuring point
The information of acquisition is transferred to data acquisition process control device by the audio and video information of sound, and all measurement does not finish then default measuring point
Go to step 6, all measurement finishes default measuring point, gos to step 7；
Step 6, test device is transported to by next default measuring point by movable pedestal；View angle, which needs to adjust, then to be jumped
To step 4, view angle does not need adjustment and then gos to step 5；
Step 7, image mosaic is carried out by the acoustic image that data acquisition processing device acquires all measuring points, obtained entire
The noise synthesis cloud atlas of substation.
Further, it specifically includes in step 3, after control processor controls the gathering of array arm, is transported by movable pedestal
Send test device to default measuring point；After test device reaches default measuring point, array arm is controlled by control processor and is opened.
Further, the pitching regulating device in step 4 includes the second driving device and rotating arm；Second driving device is
Pitch regulation motor, pitch regulation motor are fixedly mounted on movable pedestal, and the output shaft of pitch regulation motor passes through transmission
Device is connected with rotating arm, and fixed disk is fixedly mounted on rotating arm；The signal receiving end and output end of pitch regulation motor
It is connected respectively with the signal output end of control processor and receiving end.
Further, the track of test device used is screw rod, and third driving device is screw drive motor；Screw rod can
In fixed disk, screw rod is connected by transmission device with the output shaft of screw drive motor for the setting of rotation, floating disc installation
On screw rod, screw rod rotation is able to drive floating disc and moves along the axis of screw rod, the axis of screw rod, the axis of fixed disk and floating
The axis of disk is overlapped；Floating disc orbital motion can draw array arm and complete umbrella-type folding；The signal of screw drive motor connects
Receiving end and output end are connected with the signal output end of control processor and receiving end respectively.
Further, the quantity of the array arm of test device used is 7-10, and the sound being arranged on each array arm passes
The quantity of sensor is 9-12.
Further, the array arm of test device used is carbon fiber pipe, and sonic transducer is arranged in carbon fiber pipe, sound
Sensor is embedded micro mechanical sensor.
Further, it is fixedly installed optical axis in the fixed disk of test device used, camera shooting is fixedly installed on optical axis
Head mounting base, floating disc are slidably disposed on optical axis, and floating disc is between mounting base for camera head and fixed disk；Camera
Mounting base includes installation cavity and protection board, and camera is mounted in installation cavity, and protection board is for covering installation cavity protection camera.
Further, image mosaic specific steps include in step 7：
(1) image preprocessing carries out Histogram Matching, smothing filtering and enhancing to the original acoustic image of acquisition and converts；
(2) the pretreated whole acoustic images of step (1) are registrated, obtain corresponding conversion mathematics by image registration
Relationship model；
(3) image mosaic, the conversion mathematical model relationship obtained according to step (2) is by step (1) pretreated whole
Acoustic image carries out splicing synthesis, obtains the noise synthesis cloud atlas of whole transformer station.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
Substation's noise synthesis cloud atlas test method of the invention drives entire survey by the movable pedestal of test device
Trial assembly is set moves between the default measuring point of substation, and test device traverses all default measuring points of whole transformer station, so that it may obtain
It is rounded the noise acoustic image distribution map of a measured zone, it can by whole acoustic image distribution map splicings by data acquisition processing device
The noise synthesis cloud atlas for obtaining whole transformer station, the position of acquisition noise source that can be accurate and visual by noise synthesis cloud atlas
It sets, compared to existing analogy method accuracy with higher.Array arm can be adjusted by pitching regulating device in step 4
The measurement angle of vertical direction can also be according to evenness of road surface degree convenient for the alignment of array arm in high-order target to be measured
Difference vertical direction angle measurement is adjusted, guarantee that view angle is consistent, convenient for the image mosaic in later period, can be improved measurement knot
The accuracy of fruit passes through the measurement angle of the horizontal direction of the mobile adjustable array arm of movable pedestal；The adjusting of view angle is logical
It crosses control processor control first driving device and the second driving device is realized, adjusting efficiency is higher, and degree of regulation is higher.Step
In 5, camera is capable of the image information of acquisition noise, and sonic transducer is capable of the audio and video information of acquisition noise, and the two cooperation can
The accurate acoustic image distribution map for obtaining measuring point, accurate can find out noise source position, can be the noise abatement of substation
It is evaluated and tested with environment and data support is provided.Test method of the invention can realize the movement of entire test device by mobile base,
The sliding that array can be achieved, can synthesize a virtual large scale array by the compensation of phase compensation, spatial position, thus
The relatively accurate test of substation's low-frequency noise can be achieved.
Further, the present invention controls third driving device by control processor and drives floating disc orbital motion, can
The gathering and opening for completing array arm are moved convenient for entire test device between each measuring point of substation when gathering, can be certain
It avoids test device from being collided and damage in degree, can reduce testing cost；It can be passed by camera harmony when opening
Sensor obtains the acoustic image distribution map of measuring point, and testing efficiency is high, and measuring accuracy is high, reliability with higher.In addition, passing through control
Processor preset travel route and test order can be realized unattended automatic test.
Further, pitch regulation motor can Double-directional rotary, by pitch regulation motor driven rotating arm rotate, in turn
It is able to drive fixed disk and rotates the adjusting, it can be achieved that array arm vertical direction measurement angle, without making support frame incline by padded
Oblique mode carries out angle measurement adjusting, can extended testing system device service life, reduce testing cost；It can be with pre- by angle measurement adjusting
If observation angle is continuously shot each measuring point acoustic image, the observation angle control of each measuring point is consistent, splices convenient for later image.
It controls motor by control processor to be adjusted, angle measurement with higher adjusts efficiency, and substation's noise cloud atlas can be improved
Testing efficiency.
Further, it is provided with screw track in fixed disk, moveable floating disc, array are installed in screw track
Arm is hinged in fixed disk and floating disc, and floating disc, which is moved along screw axis far from fixed disk, can be such that array arm shrinks, it is not necessary to
Removing array arm can be realized transport of the test device between measuring point, and it is convenient to operate, and testing efficiency is high；Floating disc is along screw shaft
Line close to fixed disk movement can array arm open, accurate can be obtained by camera and sonic transducer acquisition noise data
Noise cloud atlas is obtained, data are provided and are supported for the noise abatement of substation and environment evaluation and test；According to beam-forming technology, it is able to suppress
The interference of ambient noise obtains noise cloud atlas, can obtain the sounding size of specific each sound source, noise positioning accuracy about 1cm,
Meet high-precision noise in substation and positions needs；The measuring devices such as existing sound level meter, which are limited by safe distance in substation, to be wanted
It asks, development that can not be safe measures, and the present invention can measure farther out apart from sound source, can meet 750,000 apart from 10 meters of sound source
Volt, 1000 kilovolts of even higher measurement requests for charging position.Screw drive motor can rotate and reverse, by changing motor
Steering can control floating disc along the direction of screw motion, and then realize the gathering and opening of array arm, handled by control
Device controls screw drive motor and realizes that the contraction of array arm is opened, and it is convenient to operate, and efficiency is higher.
Further, the quantity of array arm is 7-10, and the quantity for the sonic transducer being arranged on each array arm is 9-12
It is a to obtain preferable test effect.
Further, the sonic transducer on existing array arm uses external pull out and insert on type sensor, and each use is both needed to plug
Once, often plug influences sensor life-time repeatedly, often falls damage because jolting when using and dismounting, acoustic sensor belongs to
Vulnerable part causes testing cost high, and the present invention uses, and sonic transducer is arranged in carbon fiber pipe, and carbon fiber pipe mentions for sensor
It is not necessarily to remove sonic transducer for protection, and every time after the completion of use, be saved by systolic array arm, convenient for operation, also mentioned
High testing efficiency.The size of embedded micro mechanical sensor is small, can be embedded in sensor arm, be easily installed.
Further, noise cloud atlas is the superposition of acoustic image and image, and the angle of camera collection image is very crucial, at present
Volume array mostly use the mode of bolt or bonding to be connected in fixed disk greatly, be disassembly and assembly structure, each use, which will install, takes the photograph
Picture head also needs to calibrate camera because of the presence of installation error using preceding, and calibration operation is complicated, and time-consuming, and camera
Angle easily change, cause test data misalignment camera can be set by using installation cavity and protection board
Angle protected, after camera first time installation calibrating, save calibration data, every time in use, camera do not have to remove,
Also it is not required to calibrate again, easy to use, the data of test are more accurate.
Further, test device constantly measures in substation, obtains the acoustic image of each default measuring point, passes through image
Splicing can be by the comprehensive cloud atlas of the acoustic image composite noise of each measuring point, can noise source in accurate reaction substation
Position can satisfy the needs of the noise rectification and environmental judgment of substation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the overall structure of test device used in a kind of substation's noise synthesis cloud atlas test method of the invention is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 2 is the explosive view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the partial enlargement structural representation in Fig. 1 for the mechanism of gathering；
Fig. 4 is the flow diagram of image mosaic used in a kind of substation's noise synthesis cloud atlas test method of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the functional block diagram that smoothing algorithm is weighted in the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of synthetic aperture measurement method；
Fig. 1 is into Fig. 3,1 movable pedestal；2 columns；3 rotating arms；4 pitch regulation motors；5U type bracket；6 control cabinets；7
Fixed arm；8 screw drive motors；9 fixed disks；10 optical axis supports；11 adapters；12 array arms；13 protection boards；14 cameras peace
Fill seat；15 screw holders；16 thread bush；17 optical axises；18 linear bearings；19 floating discs；20 connecting rods.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to figs. 1 to Fig. 3, a kind of substation's noise synthesis cloud atlas test method of the invention based on test device, packet
It includes：Movable pedestal 1, fixed disk 9, floating disc 19, pitching regulating device, control cabinet 6, analog-digital commutator and several array arms
12。
First driving device is provided on movable pedestal 1, first driving device can drive movable pedestal 1 to move；
Movable pedestal 1 is crawler type or hub-type.Crawler type movable pedestal 1 can enhance the passability of extreme terrain；For
Measurement inside Jin Xu substation, because substation's landform is generally flatter, the also achievable measurement of wheeled movable pedestal 1.
Structure one kind of pitching regulating device is duplex pull rod mechanism；Another kind includes the second driving device and rotating arm 3；The
Two driving devices are pitch regulation motor 4, and pitch regulation motor 4 is fixedly mounted in u-bracket 5, and u-bracket 5 passes through column 2
Be fixedly mounted on movable pedestal 1, the output shaft of pitch regulation motor 4 be connected by transmission device with rotating arm 3 or
Rotating arm 3 is directly fixedly mounted on output shaft, and fixed disk 9 is fixedly mounted on rotating arm 3 by fixed arm 7；Pitch regulation
The signal receiving end and output end of motor 4 are connected with the signal output end of control processor and receiving end respectively.Present survey
Trial assembly, which is set, does not have angle measurement regulatory function, it is more difficult to alignment target object；When encountering the measuring point for needing to adjust the angle, artificial pad is generallyd use
The mode of high carriage, this mode efficiency is lower, test data is not accurate enough and is easily damaged test equipment.Rotation of the invention
Pivoted arm 3 sets the torque transfer of pitch regulation motor 4 to fixed arm 7, pitch regulation motor 4 to rotating arm 3 and its with upper bit
It is standby to carry out pitch regulation, the fixed pitch regulation motor 4 of u-bracket 5 and rotating arm 3, it is fixedly connected with column 2, column 2 is for branch
Entire hot-wire array is supportted, allows hot-wire array that there is certain height.Pitch regulation motor 4 can Double-directional rotary, pass through pitching tune
Saving motor 4 drives rotating arm 3 to rotate, and then is able to drive the rotation of fixed disk 9, it can be achieved that 12 vertical direction measurement angle of array arm
Adjusting, without making the inclined mode of support frame carry out angle measurement adjusting by padded, can extended testing system device service life, drop
Low testing cost；By angle measurement adjusting each measuring point acoustic image, the observation of each measuring point can be continuously shot to preset observation angle
Angle control is consistent, splices convenient for later image.It controls motor by control processor to be adjusted, angle measurement tune with higher
Efficiency is saved, the testing efficiency of substation's noise cloud atlas can be improved.And existing volume configuration test device is supported by tripod,
Each shooting angle is inconsistent, and image mosaic is difficult and there is distortion, and existing tripod manual handling tests entire change
Power station workload is very big, is not easy to realize.
It is provided with track in fixed disk 9, floating disc 19 is installed on track, floating disc 19 can move in orbit, rail
The axis in road, the axis of fixed disk 9 are overlapped with the axis of floating disc 19, and third driving device is provided in fixed disk 9, and third is driven
Dynamic device can drive 19 orbital motion of floating disc.Specially：Track is screw rod, and third driving device is screw drive motor
8；Screw rod is spindle rotationally arranged in fixed disk 9, and screw rod is connected by linear bearing 18 with the output shaft of screw drive motor 8
It connecing, floating disc 19 is mounted on screw rod, and screw rod rotation is able to drive floating disc 19 and moves along the axis of screw rod, the axis of screw rod,
The axis of fixed disk 9 is overlapped with the axis of floating disc 19；19 orbital motion of floating disc can draw array arm 12 and complete umbrella-type
Folding；The signal receiving end and output end of screw drive motor 8 respectively with the signal output end of control processor and receiving end phase
Connection.Screw drive motor 8 converts torque, drives screw turns, and realizes that floating disc 19 is moved forward and backward along screw rod.In fixed disk
It is provided with screw track on 9, moveable floating disc 19 is installed in screw track, array arm 12 is hinged on fixed disk 9 and floats
On Moving plate 19, floating disc 19, which is moved along screw axis far from fixed disk 9, can be such that array arm 12 shrinks, it is not necessary to remove array arm 12
Transport of the test device between measuring point can be realized, it is convenient to operate, and testing efficiency is high；Floating disc 19 is along screw axis close to solid
Price fixing 9 movement can array arm 12 open, accurate can be made an uproar by camera and sonic transducer acquisition noise data
Sound cloud atlas provides data and supports for the noise abatement of substation and environment evaluation and test；According to beam-forming technology, it is able to suppress background
The interference of noise obtains noise cloud atlas, can obtain the sounding size of specific each sound source, and noise positioning accuracy about 1cm meets
The positioning of high-precision noise needs in substation；The measuring devices such as existing sound level meter are limited by safe distance requirement in substation,
Can not safety development measurement, the present invention can measure farther out apart from sound source, can meet apart from 10 meters of sound source 750 kilovolts,
The measurement request at 1000 kilovolts of even higher electrification positions.Screw drive motor 8 can rotate and reverse, by changing motor
Steering can control floating disc 19 along the direction of screw motion, and then realize the gathering and opening of array arm 12, at control
It manages device control screw drive motor 8 and realizes that the contraction of array arm 12 is opened, it is convenient to operate, and efficiency is higher.
It is fixedly installed optical axis 17 in fixed disk 9, mounting base for camera head 14 is fixedly installed on optical axis 17, floating disc 19 can
On optical axis 17, floating disc 19 is between mounting base for camera head 14 and fixed disk 9 for the setting of sliding；Specially：Optical axis 17
One end is fixedly mounted in fixed disk 9 by optical axis support 10, and the other end of optical axis 17 passes through the optical axis through-hole on floating disc 19,
One end of 17 pass-out optical axis through-hole of optical axis is fixedly installed with mounting base for camera head 14 by screw holder 15 and thread bush 16.It takes the photograph
Picture head mounting base 14 includes installation cavity and protection board 13, and camera is mounted in installation cavity, and protection board 13 is for covering installation cavity
Protect camera.Mounting base for camera head 14 is for installing fixing camera.Optical axis 17 plays support mounting base for camera head 14 and floats
The stability of test device movement is reinforced in the effect of disk 19；Camera is used for the location drawing picture information etc. of acquisition noise, is added and receives
Camera can be blocked by holding together device, influence camera data acquisition, floating disc 19 of the invention be in mounting base for camera head 14 and
Between fixed disk 9, it is ensured that camera is in front end, avoids floating disc 19 and collecting device from blocking camera, it is ensured that camera
It can normal acquisition image data.Noise cloud atlas is the superposition of acoustic image and image, and the angle of camera collection image is very crucial, mesh
Preceding volume array mostly uses greatly the mode of bolt or bonding to be connected in fixed disk 9, is disassembly and assembly structure, and each use will install
Camera also needs to calibrate camera because of the presence of installation error using preceding, and calibration operation is complicated, and time-consuming, and images
The angle of head easily changes, and causes the data misalignment of test can be to camera by using installation cavity and protection board 13
The angle of setting is protected, and after camera first time installation calibrating, calibration data is saved, every time in use, camera does not have to
It removes, is also not required to calibrate again, easy to use, the data of test are more accurate.
Each array arm 12 is hinged in fixed disk 9, and each array arm 12 passes through a connecting rod 20 and floating disc
19 connections, the both ends of connecting rod 20 are hinged with array arm 12 and floating disc 19 respectively, and 19 orbital motion of floating disc can be drawn
Array arm 12 completes umbrella-type folding；Adapter 11 connects array arm 12 and fixed disk 9,20 connecting adapter 11 of connecting rod and floating
Disk 19 draws array arm 12 according to the back-and-forth motion of floating disc 19 and adapter 11 carries out umbrella-type folding, completes array arm 12
It opens and collapses.It is moved between each measuring point of substation when gathering convenient for entire test device, when opening can pass through camera shooting
Head and sonic transducer obtain the acoustic image distribution map of measuring point, and testing efficiency is high, and measuring accuracy is high, reliability with higher.In addition,
Array arm 12 is hinged in fixed disk 9 and floating disc 19, and floating disc 19, which is moved along track far from fixed disk 9, can make array arm 12
It shrinks, it is not necessary to which removing array arm 12 can be realized the transport of test device, and it is convenient to operate, and testing efficiency is high；Floating disc 19 is along rail
Road close to the movement of fixed disk 9 can array arm 12 open, can be relatively accurate by camera and sonic transducer acquisition noise data
Acquisition noise cloud atlas, accurate can find out noise source position, for the noise abatement of substation and environment evaluation and test number is provided
According to support.Test device of the invention can shrink array arm 12 in the moving process of test, without frequently dismounting, can subtract
The damage of few equipment component, can reduce testing cost.
The quantity of array arm 12 is 7-10, and the quantity for the sonic transducer being arranged on each array arm 12 is 9-12, battle array
Column arm 12 forms umbrella shape array, rectangular array or spirality array, and array arm 12 is carbon fiber pipe, and sonic transducer is arranged in carbon
In fibre pipe, sonic transducer is embedded micro mechanical sensor.Array arm 12 selects carbon fiber pipe to can be used as sensor outer housing, has
There is certain electromagnetic interference shield effect, manages interior installation sonic transducer, the anti-interference ability of sonic transducer can be improved.Umbrella shape array
It can pack up, be readily transported as umbrella when not in use.By measuring and calculating, the quantity of array arm 12 is 7-10, each array arm
The quantity for the sonic transducer being arranged on 12, which is 9-12, can obtain preferable test effect.Sound sensing on existing array arm 12
Device uses external pull out and insert on type sensor, and it is primary that each use is both needed to plug, often plug influence sensor life-time repeatedly, using with
Damage is often fallen because jolting when dismounting, acoustic sensor belongs to vulnerable part, causes testing cost high, the present invention uses and passes sound
Sensor is arranged in carbon fiber pipe, and carbon fiber pipe provides protection for sensor, and is not necessarily to remove sound sensing every time after the completion of use
Device is saved by systolic array arm 12, convenient for operation, also improves testing efficiency.The ruler of embedded micro mechanical sensor
It is very little small, it can be embedded in sensor arm, be easily installed.
Data acquisition processing device and control processor are provided in control cabinet 6；The letter of camera and each sonic transducer
Number output end is all connected with the signal receiving end of data acquisition processing device；The signal output end of control processor drives with first respectively
Dynamic device, the second driving device are connected with the signal receiving end of third driving device.It can be collected by control cabinet 6
Noise data and complete splicing and obtain noise synthesis cloud atlas, control pitch regulation motor 4 and spiral shell can be controlled by control cabinet 6
The contraction of the operating status of bar driving motor 8, the angle measurement adjusting and array arm 12 of realizing the vertical direction of test device is opened, just
In operation, convenient for the transport and carrying of test device entirety.The signal output end of sonic transducer passes through analog signal line and modulus
The analog signal receiving end of conversion equipment is connected, and the digital signal output end of analog-digital commutator passes through digital signal line and number
It is connected according to the digital signal reception end of acquisition device, analog signal line and digital signal line are all set in array arm 12, mould
Analog-to-digital conversion apparatus is arranged close to sonic transducer.Electromagnetic interference in substation is stronger, and collected sonic transducer is analog signal,
It is transmitted by analog signal line, the reliability of data transmission is poor, and the analog signal that the present invention acquires sonic transducer turns
It turns to digital signal to be transmitted, the reliability of data transmission can be enhanced.
Existing volume array test device is dismounting connection, and former array splits into multiple components difference for the ease of transport
Be packaged, to use site after all assembling uses again, be related to components more than 300, be easily lost, cause testing cost higher；
Time-consuming assembling need 2 hours for man-made assembly；Consumption is artificial more, needs 4 people to cooperate and completes overall package work；In addition, itself it is difficult to ensure that
Measurement is all same observation angle every time, and the cloud atlas that when image mosaic obtains is imperfect, cannot accurately react making an uproar in substation
Several source situations.Test device of the invention has from traveling mechanism, can artificial or process control, entire power transformation can be automatically performed
The noise positioning work stood, captured photo angle is consistent, can be by the noise testing of each shooting point by image mosaic technology
Image mosaic becomes the noise cloud atlas of a whole substation；The fixed connection of test device whole mechanical device of the invention,
Using and recycle only needs to split into whole system into several components on demand, can avoid losing, and the gathering of array arm 12 can be transported, nothing
It needing to dismantle, using and recycle only needs 10 minutes, it is only necessary to work can be completed in 1 people's control, largely reduces workload,
Testing efficiency is improved, testing cost is reduced.Existing volume array test device array arm 12 is fixed in fixed disk 9, Gu
Price fixing 9 is fixed on bracket, can not automatically adjust angle measurement and movement, and by the way of manually adjusting and carrying, workload is huge
Big and angle measurement is difficult to accurately be consistent, and can not realize and synthesize virtual large-size matrix by array sliding；Survey of the invention
Trial assembly, which is set, can more accurately adjust measurement angle by angle measurement regulating device, angle measurement can be made to be consistent, convenient for the image in later period
With the superposition processing of acoustic image, the accuracy of acoustic image distribution map can be improved, the mobile energy of test device is driven by movable pedestal 1
Any number of measuring points are enough chosen, workload is greatly reduced, virtual by the compensation synthesis one of phase compensation, spatial position
Large scale array, it can be achieved that in substation low-frequency noise precise measurement.Wherein, bobbin movement is controllable, therefore can degree of precision
Control travel distance, such as mono- measuring point of every advance 75.5cm, manual handling be unable to accurately control forward travel distance, and workload
It is larger；Array be can guarantee towards unchanged direction, multiple measuring points are measured using identical measurement angle, and manual handling often makes
It obtains array to deflect, influences test result.The low-frequency noise positioning accuracy of existing volume configuration measuring device is insufficient, at present
There are no a kind of low-frequency noise high precision testing devices that is sufficiently large and allowing access into substation.
The working principle of the invention analysis：The process of phase compensation and spatial position compensation synthesis virtual array needs accurate
Location information, existing volume configuration test device mostly use greatly tripod to carry out support volume battle array, and manual handling shift position is moved
Dynamic difficult and angle measurement is difficult to adjust, and not can guarantee the accuracy of synthesis, according to the long 1.7 meters of calculating of the sound wave of the 200Hz velocity of sound, carries
When position it is every deviate 0.1 meter, will lead to phase error increase by 5%；At present beamforming algorithm phase error should control 2% with
It is interior.Since substation's main noise is continuous and stable, it is possible to using the correlation of sound source radiation signal, by certain
Phase and spatial position compensation, by basic matrix along fixed-direction move multiple positions after superposition synthesize virtual large aperture battle array
Column, to obtain the noise source locating effect for being equal to large aperture array.Specially：(1) the wanted one-point measurement of receiving array is selected
Position, fixed near its forward direction one with battle array center with high microphone as reference array element, and with reference to receive
The signal of point continuous sampling noise field；(2) it allows array to move along noise source transmission face parallel direction, believes the spatial sampling of array
Breath maximizes.It is often moved to a position, will stop and several seconds are acquired to noise source regional signal.And it records every time mobile
Length d, the array of each position regarded to a subarray of virtual array as, virtual array made of extending after mobile n times
Column are considered as the large aperture array that horizontal span is D+d × n, and wherein D is the diameter projected of array；(3) when all mobile positions
Set place signal acquisition it is complete after, by collected signal by a certain centre frequency be fhNarrow band filter, utilize
Hilbert converts the plural form for obtaining signal, right after the reference phase difference for calculating first subarray and other subarrays
The reception signal of all subarrays is synthesized, and obtained auditory localization result is the acoustic fix ranging knot of virtual array after extending
Fruit.
Synthetic aperture algorithm is as shown in Figure 6, it is assumed that array has M array element, and each array is not deposited between each other after moving
The phenomenon that array element is overlapped.Rectangular coordinate system in space is established as coordinate origin using the geometric center of basic matrix at position 1, if target is made an uproar
There is m in sound source regionsThe point sound source of a same frequency, then sound-source signal can be expressed as following form：
Wherein, A is the amplitude of sound-source signal, rikIt is the coordinate vector of i-th k point sound source, ω is signal angular frequency, and k is
Wave number.
So, the signal that m-th of array element of n-th of subarray of entire virtual large aperture array receives is
In above formula, rN, mIt is the coordinate vector of n-th of subarray, m-th of array element, θnIt is the initial reference of n-th of subarray
Phase, and 1≤n≤ns, 1≤m≤M.
Because the position of reference array element is fixed, different moments received signal is only dependent upon the change of its initial phase
Change, therefore can use the reference array element received signal with subarray synchronized sampling, it is initial between each submatrix to calculate
Reference phase difference Δ θN1, n2
ΔθN1, n2=θn1-θn2=arg [E (sn1/sn2)] (3)
Wherein, θn1、θn2It is the initial reference phase of the n-th 1 and the n-th 2 submatrixs, s respectivelyn1、sn2It is the n-th 1 and the n-th 2 respectively
A submatrix is synchronized with the sampled signal of reference array element, its explement is sought in arg [] expression, its expectation is asked in E [] expression.
At this point, n-th of the subarray inscribed when based on virtual large aperture basic matrix, m-th of array element received signal xN, m(t) may be used
It is converted according to the following formula, is expressed as the input letter of n-th of large aperture basic matrix, m-th of the subarray array element after synthesis
Number x 'N, m(t)：
All subarray received signals can be synchronous with the realization of the reception signal of first subarray, thus by each
The reception signal of position subarray is converted into the whole of virtual large aperture basic matrix and receives signal.If q-th of basic matrix of virtual large aperture
Microphone (1≤q≤(ns+ 1) × M) correspond to n-th of subarray, m-th of array element, enable yq(t)=x 'N, m(t), then synthetic aperture
Treated, and signal covariance matrix is：
RQ1, q2=E [yq1(t)yq2(t)], 1≤q1, q2≤(ns+1)×M (5)
In above formula, yq1(t)、yq2(t) be respectively q1, q2 microphones of virtual basic matrix reception signal.Enable noise source institute
The plane of scanning motion on any point coordinate vector be rs, then the wave beam at the scanning element exports PsFor：
Ps=wHRw
Wherein w is weighing vector, and
After point all on the plane of scanning motion has been calculated, the Energy distribution of noise source can be obtained.
A kind of substation's noise synthesis cloud atlas test method of the invention, specifically includes following steps：
Step 1, test device is taken out and is assembled, test device is powered, turn on the power switch and wait the system of starting in 30 seconds
System；
Step 2, measuring point quantity, point position and observation angle are set by control processor；
Step 3, the travel route and travel speed for setting movable pedestal 1, are transported test device by movable pedestal 1
It send to first measuring point；Specially：After control processor controls the gathering of array arm 12, passes through movable pedestal 1 and transport test dress
It sets to default measuring point；After test device reaches default measuring point, array arm 12 is controlled by control processor and is opened；
Step 4, the level that first driving device drives movable pedestal 1 to adjust test device is controlled by control processor
The angle measurement in direction controls the level side that the second driving device drives pitching regulating device to adjust test device by control processor
To angle measurement, keep the measurement angle of test device consistent with preset view angle；
Step 5, the image information that noise at measuring point is acquired by camera is acquired by acoustic sensor array and is made an uproar at measuring point
The information of acquisition is transferred to data acquisition process control device by the audio and video information of sound, and all measurement does not finish then default measuring point
Go to step 6, all measurement finishes default measuring point, gos to step 7；
Step 6, test device is transported to by next default measuring point by movable pedestal 1；View angle, which needs to adjust, then jumps
Go to step 4, view angle does not need adjustment and then gos to step 5；
Step 7, image mosaic is carried out by the acoustic image that data acquisition processing device acquires all measuring points, obtained entire
The noise synthesis cloud atlas of substation.
With reference to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, image mosaic specific steps include in step 7：
(1) image preprocessing carries out Histogram Matching, smothing filtering and enhancing to the original acoustic image of acquisition and converts；
(2) the pretreated whole acoustic images of step (1) are carried out time and spatial registration, obtained corresponding by image registration
Conversion mathematical model relationship；
(3) image mosaic, the conversion mathematical model relationship obtained according to step (2) is by step (1) pretreated whole
Acoustic image carries out splicing synthesis, obtains the noise synthesis cloud atlas of whole transformer station；Specifically include the conversion obtained according to step (2)
Image to be synthesized is mapped in blank image and forms spliced map by mathematical model relationship, calculates in the synthesis process by the way that weighting is smooth
Suture is spliced in method processing, the gray value Pixel of pixel in image overlapping region, by right in 2 two images of image 1 and image
The gray value Pixel_L and Pixel_R that should be put are weighted and averaged to obtain, calculation formula be Pixel=k × Pixel_L+ (1-k) ×
Pixel_R, wherein k is adjustable factors, value range 0<k<1.To build the point in image overlapping region with two width original images
Vertical bigger correlation, enables k=d1/ (d1+d2), wherein d1, and d2 respectively indicates the point in overlapping region and is overlapped to two images
The left margin in region and the distance of right margin.The gray value Pixel of pixel in image overlapping region, by image 1 and 2 liang of image
The gray value Pixel_L and Pixel_R of corresponding points are weighted and averaged to obtain in width image, and calculation formula is Pixel=d1/ (d1+
d2)×Pixel_L+d2/(d1+d2)×Pixel_R。
Test method of the invention can complete whole transformer station noise positioning, without by software simulation, pass through by
The noise testing image mosaic of each measuring point can directly obtain the noise synthesis cloud atlas of whole substation, and test effect can be improved
Rate and precision, while can reduce the workload of test, it can satisfy the needs of the noise rectification and environmental judgment of substation.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of substation's noise synthesis cloud atlas test method, which is characterized in that test method based on test device include：It can
Mobile base (1), fixed disk (9), floating disc (19), pitching regulating device, control cabinet (6) and several array arms (12)；It is removable
First driving device is provided on dynamic pedestal (1), first driving device can drive movable pedestal (1) to move；Fixed disk (9)
It is mounted on movable pedestal (1) by pitching regulating device, pitching regulating device includes the second driving device, the second driving dress
Set the angle measurement that pitching regulating device can be driven to adjust test device vertical direction；Track is provided in fixed disk (9), on track
It is equipped with floating disc (19), floating disc (19) can move in orbit, the axis of track, the axis of fixed disk (9) and floating
The axis of disk (19) is overlapped, and is provided with third driving device in fixed disk (9), third driving device can drive floating disc (19)
Orbital motion；Fixed disk is provided with camera on (9)；Each array arm (12) is hinged on fixed disk (9), each array
Arm (12) is connect with floating disc (19) by a connecting rod (20), the both ends of connecting rod (20) respectively with array arm (12) and
Hingedly, floating disc (19) orbital motion can draw array arm (12) and complete umbrella-type folding floating disc (19)；Each array arm
(12) several sonic transducers are provided on；Data acquisition processing device and control processor are provided in control cabinet (6)；Camera shooting
The letter of head and each sonic transducer, output end are all connected with the signal receiving end of data acquisition processing device；The letter of control processor
Number output end is connected with the signal receiving end of first driving device, the second driving device and third driving device respectively；
Substation's noise synthesis cloud atlas test method specifically includes following steps：
Step 1, test device is taken out and is assembled, test device is powered；
Step 2, measuring point quantity, point position and observation angle are set by control processor；
Step 3, the travel route and travel speed for setting movable pedestal (1), are transported test device by movable pedestal (1)
It send to first measuring point；
Step 4, the level side that first driving device driving movable pedestal (1) adjusts test device is controlled by control processor
To angle measurement, pass through control processor control the second driving device drive pitching regulating device adjust test device horizontal direction
Angle measurement, keep the measurement angle of test device consistent with preset view angle；
Step 5, the image information that noise at measuring point is acquired by camera acquires noise at measuring point by acoustic sensor array
The information of acquisition is transferred to data acquisition process control device by audio and video information, and all measurement does not finish default measuring point, is jumped
To step 6, all measurement finishes default measuring point, gos to step 7；
Step 6, test device is transported to by next default measuring point by movable pedestal (1)；View angle, which needs to adjust, then to be jumped
To step 4, view angle does not need adjustment and then gos to step 5；
Step 7, image mosaic is carried out by the acoustic image that data acquisition processing device acquires all measuring points, obtains entire power transformation
The noise synthesis cloud atlas stood.
2. a kind of substation's noise synthesis cloud atlas test method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that have in step 3
Body includes, and after control processor controls array arm (12) gathering, passes through movable pedestal (1) and transports test device to default survey
Point；After test device reaches default measuring point, opened by control processor control array arm (12).
3. a kind of substation's noise synthesis cloud atlas test method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 4
Pitching regulating device includes the second driving device and rotating arm (3)；Second driving device is pitch regulation motor (4), pitching tune
Section motor (4) is fixedly mounted on movable pedestal (1), and the output shaft of pitch regulation motor (4) passes through transmission device and rotation
Arm (3) is connected, and fixed disk (9) is fixedly mounted on rotating arm (3)；The signal receiving end of pitch regulation motor (4) and output
End is connected with the signal output end of control processor and receiving end respectively.
4. a kind of substation's noise synthesis cloud atlas test method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that test used
The track of device is screw rod, and third driving device is screw drive motor (8)；Screw rod is spindle rotationally arranged on fixed disk (9),
Screw rod is connected by transmission device with the output shaft of screw drive motor (8), and floating disc (19) is mounted on screw rod, and screw rod turns
It is dynamic to be able to drive floating disc (19) and moved along the axis of screw rod, the axis of screw rod, the axis of fixed disk (9) and floating disc (19)
Axis is overlapped；Floating disc (19) orbital motion can draw array arm (12) and complete umbrella-type folding；Screw drive motor (8)
Signal receiving end and output end are connected with the signal output end of control processor and receiving end respectively.
5. a kind of substation's noise synthesis cloud atlas test method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that test used
The quantity of the array arm (12) of device is 7-10, and the quantity for the sonic transducer being arranged on each array arm (12) is 9-12.
6. a kind of substation's noise synthesis cloud atlas test method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that test used
The array arm (12) of device is carbon fiber pipe, and sonic transducer is arranged in carbon fiber pipe, and sonic transducer is embedded micromechanics biography
Sensor.
7. a kind of substation's noise synthesis cloud atlas test method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that test used
It is fixedly installed optical axis (17), is fixedly installed on optical axis (17) mounting base for camera head (14) in the fixed disk (9) of device, floated
Disk (19) is slidably disposed on optical axis (17), and floating disc (19) is between mounting base for camera head (14) and fixed disk (9)；
Mounting base for camera head (14) includes installation cavity and protection board (13), and camera is mounted in installation cavity, and protection board (13) is for sealing
Lid installation cavity protects camera.
8. a kind of substation's noise synthesis cloud atlas test method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that scheme in step 7
As splicing specific steps include：
(1) image preprocessing carries out Histogram Matching, smothing filtering and enhancing to the original acoustic image of acquisition and converts；
(2) the pretreated whole acoustic images of step (1) are registrated, obtain corresponding conversion mathematical model by image registration
Relationship；
(3) image mosaic, the conversion mathematical model relationship obtained according to step (2) is by the pretreated whole sound spectrograms of step (1)
As carrying out splicing synthesis, the noise synthesis cloud atlas of whole transformer station is obtained.
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