High-efficient breaker of solid waste gear formula
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crushing devices, and particularly discloses a gear type efficient crushing device for solid wastes.
Background
Crushing refers to the process of changing the geometric dimension of the material from a large block state into small particles under the action of external force. In industries such as waste processing and utilization, crushing is used as a preparatory behavior, and convenience is provided for subsequent utilization and disposal behaviors. Among them, it is most important to crush the solid waste. The solid waste comprises domestic waste, medical waste, nontoxic and harmless industrial waste, construction waste and engineering residual soil. Wherein, to building solid waste, all use the stone crusher on a lot of building sites, but because do not have fine dust filter equipment on the stone crusher, can produce a large amount of dusts at broken in-process, cause very big harm to staff's health.
In order to solve the problems, the chinese patent with the publication number of CN104307619B discloses a special crushing device for buildings, which comprises a first motor, a second motor, a suction fan, a first crushing chamber and a second crushing chamber, wherein a rotating shaft is arranged in the first crushing chamber, the rotating shaft is driven by the first motor, and a plurality of hammers are arranged on the rotating shaft; a first toothed roller and a second toothed roller which are meshed with each other are arranged in the second crushing chamber, and the second motor drives the first toothed roller and the second toothed roller to synchronously rotate; the suction fan is respectively communicated with the first crushing chamber and the second crushing chamber through air pipes; the first crushing chamber is arranged above the second crushing chamber, a filter screen is arranged between the first crushing chamber and the second crushing chamber, and a feeding hole is formed above the first crushing chamber.
According to the scheme of the invention, the air pipes are arranged on the two crushing chambers to extract the dust inside, so that the damage to health caused by the fact that the dust is scattered in the air and is sucked by workers is avoided, but the first toothed roller and the second toothed roller are meshed to crush the solid waste, and the solid waste can remain on the toothed rollers. When the crushing device is used for crushing the solid waste remained on the toothed roller, the solid waste remained on the toothed roller can be attached to the crushing teeth of the toothed roller, so that the crushing area of the crushing teeth is reduced, and the crushing efficiency of the device is reduced because the solid waste remained on the toothed roller cannot be removed by the scheme provided by the invention.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a gear type efficient crushing device for solid wastes, and the gear type efficient crushing device is used for solving the problem that the crushing efficiency of the device is low due to the fact that the solid wastes are left on a gear roller.
In order to solve the above problems, the basic solution of the present invention is as follows:
a gear type efficient crushing device for solid wastes comprises a motor and a crushing chamber with a feed inlet, wherein the crushing chamber comprises a first gear roller, a second gear roller and a rack, the first gear roller is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the motor, a gap at the meshing position of the first gear roller and the second gear roller is used for crushing the solid wastes, one end, far away from the motor, of the first gear roller is coaxially and fixedly connected with a first straight rod, a first bevel gear is coaxially and fixedly connected to the first straight rod, a second bevel gear is meshed with the first bevel gear, a second straight rod is coaxially and fixedly connected to the bottom of the second bevel gear, a first crank perpendicular to the second straight rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second straight rod, one end, far away from the second straight rod, of the first crank is hinged to a first connecting rod, one end, far away from the first crank, of the first connecting rod is hinged to a first sliding block, and a first guide rod parallel to, the first sliding block is connected to the first guide rod in a sliding mode, and one side, opposite to the first tooth roller, of the first sliding block is fixedly connected with a plurality of cleaning brushes;
the second straight rod is also coaxially and fixedly connected with a first gear, the first gear is meshed with a second gear, the second gear is coaxially and fixedly connected with a third straight rod, one end of the third straight rod, far away from the second gear, is fixedly connected with a second crank perpendicular to the third straight rod, one end of the second crank, far away from the third straight rod, is hinged with a second connecting rod, one end of the second connecting rod, far away from the second crank, is hinged with a second sliding block, the machine frame is fixedly connected with a second guide rod positioned below the meshing position of the first gear roller and the second gear roller, the second sliding block is connected on the second guide rod in a sliding manner, two sides, symmetrical to the meshing position of the first gear roller and the second gear roller, of the second sliding block are hinged with a first swing plate and a second swing plate, a plurality of filtering holes are formed in the first swing plate and the second swing plate, the second sliding block is used for driving the first swing plate and the second swing plate to reciprocate, and the middle parts of the first swing plate and the second swing plate are respectively connected with a, first bracing piece and the equal fixed connection of second bracing piece are in the frame.
Principle of the basic scheme:
after the motor is started, solid waste is poured into the crushing chamber from the feeding port, the motor drives the first gear roller to rotate, the first gear roller is meshed with the second gear roller, and the first gear roller can drive the second gear roller to rotate. In the process of rotating and meshing the first gear roller and the second gear roller, the solid waste at the meshing position is crushed by utilizing the meshing pressure of the two gear rollers.
In the process of crushing the two tooth rollers, the first tooth roller can drive the first straight rod to rotate, the first straight rod can drive the first bevel gear to rotate, the first bevel gear can drive the second bevel gear to rotate, the second bevel gear drives the second straight rod to rotate, the second straight rod drives the first crank to rotate, according to the working function of the slider-crank mechanism, the rotation can be changed into reciprocating linear movement, therefore, the first crank drives the first connecting rod to reciprocate, the first connecting rod drives the first sliding block to reciprocate linear movement in the first guide rod of the rack, the first sliding block drives the cleaning brush to reciprocate linear movement, the cleaning brush brushes the residual solid wastes on the first tooth roller, and the cleaning function is realized.
Meanwhile, the second straight rod can drive the first gear to rotate, the first gear drives the second gear to rotate, the second gear drives the third straight rod to rotate, the third straight rod drives the second crank to rotate, according to the working function of the slider-crank mechanism, the rotation can be changed into reciprocating linear movement, therefore, the second crank drives the second connecting rod to reciprocate, the second connecting rod drives the second slider to reciprocate in the second guide rod of the rack, and the second slider drives the first swing plate and the second swing plate to reciprocate.
Solid waste through first breakage can drop on first getting rid of board and second gets rid of the board, because first getting rid of the board and the second gets rid of and is equipped with the filtration pore on the board, can stay first getting rid of board and second getting rid of the board with the solid waste who does not conform to the breakage requirement on, the solid waste who accords with the breakage requirement can leave from filtration pore department. The solid waste which does not meet the crushing requirement is thrown back to the meshing part of the first tooth roller and the second tooth roller by the first throwing plate and the second throwing plate to be crushed again.
The advantages of the basic scheme are:
1. among the prior art, utilize the meshing between two fluted rollers to carry out the breakage to solid waste, however, at broken in-process, solid waste has some to remain on the fluted roller from the broken tooth in area, has reduced the broken area of broken tooth, causes crushing inefficiency, and utilize first crank in this scheme, the crank block mechanism that first connecting rod and first slider are constituteed, become reciprocal linear motion with rotating, drive the cleaning brush and do reciprocal linear motion on first fluted roller, brush down remaining solid waste on first fluted roller. In this scheme, can be broken clean simultaneously, guarantee the crushing efficiency of device.
2. The first solid waste who gets rid of on board and the second gets rid of the board can be stayed with not meeting the broken requirement on getting rid of the board to the filtration pore, and the reciprocal tilting of the first solid waste who gets rid of board and second gets rid of not meeting the requirement simultaneously can get rid of the meshing department of getting back to first fluted roller and second fluted roller, carries out the breakage once more. This scheme can collect clean, brush and select and break in an organic whole once more, and the practicality is strong.
The first preferred scheme is as follows: according to the preferable scheme of the basic scheme, the first straight rod, the first bevel gear, the second straight rod, the first crank, the first connecting rod, the first sliding block, the first guide rod, the motor and the cleaning brush form a first cleaning part, a second cleaning part with the same structure as the first cleaning part is arranged on the second gear roller, and the second cleaning part and the first cleaning part are symmetrically arranged along a gap axis at the meshing position of the first gear roller and the second gear roller.
This preferred scheme sets up two sets of reciprocal rectilinear movement's cleaning brush, all cleans first fluted roller and second fluted roller. In the prior art, only one group of cleaning brushes are usually arranged, so that the manufacturing cost can be saved, but solid waste still remains in the other tooth roller due to the fact that only one tooth roller can be cleaned, and the improvement degree of the crushing efficiency is low. This preferred scheme, to two fluted roller homoenergetic cleanness, crushing efficiency improvement degree is high.
The preferred scheme II is as follows: as a preferred scheme of the first preferred scheme, the hinged part of the first swing plate and the hinged part of the second swing plate are both provided with rectangular grooves, and the first support rod and the second support rod are connected to the rectangular grooves in a sliding manner.
In the reciprocating tilting process that the second slider drives the first swing plate and the second swing plate, the first swing plate and the second swing plate can move in an arc shape around the first supporting rod and the second supporting rod as centers, namely in the reciprocating tilting process, the first swing plate and the second swing plate are close to one end of the second slider and move in an arc shape, the second slider moves in a reciprocating linear mode, the distance between the first swing plate and the second slider can change, and the distance between the second swing plate and the second slider can also change. The rectangular groove can adapt to the change of the distance by the supporting rod sliding in the groove, so that the first swing plate and the second sliding block are prevented from generating motion interference, and the second swing plate and the second sliding block are prevented from generating motion interference. In the preferred embodiment, the normal operation of the device is ensured.
The preferable scheme is three: as a preferable mode of the second preferable mode, the side wall of the crushing chamber is communicated with an air pipe, the air pipe is connected with a dust collecting chamber, the dust collecting chamber is communicated with a suction fan, and the suction fan can generate air flow flowing from the crushing chamber to the dust collecting chamber.
In the process of crushing the solid waste, dust can be generated in the crushing chamber, the dust can be gathered in the dust collecting chamber through the suction fan in the preferred scheme, and the surface dust is scattered in the air, so that the environment is polluted. In the preferred scheme, the dust is prevented from being sucked by workers to cause damage to physical health.
The preferable scheme is four: and as the preferable scheme of the third preferable scheme, a discharge hole is formed in the bottom of the crushing chamber, and a waste collection chamber is arranged below the discharge hole.
The solid waste meeting the crushing requirement falls out of the discharge port and enters the waste collection chamber. And when the waste collection chamber is full of solid waste, workers carry the solid waste away to carry out the next recovery operation. In the preferred scheme, the operation process is complete, and the working efficiency of the whole process is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a gear type high-efficiency crushing apparatus for solid waste according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a filter hole in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by the specific embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include:
the device comprises a crushing chamber 1, a feeding hole 11, a discharging hole 12, a waste collecting chamber 13, an air pipe 14, a dust collecting chamber 15, a suction fan 16, a servo motor 2, a first toothed roller 3, a first straight rod 31, a first bevel gear 32, a second bevel gear 33, a second straight rod 34, a first gear 341, a second gear 342, a third straight rod 343, a second crank 344, a second connecting rod 345, a second sliding block 346, a first crank 35, a first connecting rod 36, a first sliding block 37, a second toothed roller 4, a rack 5, a first guide rod 51, a second guide rod 52, a first swing plate 6, a first supporting rod 61, a second swing plate 7, a second supporting rod 71 and a filter hole 8.
Example (b):
the utility model provides a high-efficient breaker of solid waste gear formula, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, including crushing room 1 and servo motor 2, the top processing of crushing room 1 has feed inlet 11, and the bottom processing of crushing room 1 has discharge gate 12, and feed inlet 11 and discharge gate 12 all are the infundibulate, have placed waste collection room 13 in the below of discharge gate 12 for collect the solid waste who comes out from discharge gate 12.
The crushing chamber 1 comprises a first toothed roller 3, a second toothed roller 4 and a frame 5, wherein a gap at the meshing part of the first toothed roller 3 and the second toothed roller 4 is used for crushing solid waste, and a first guide rod 51 and a second guide rod 52 are machined on the frame 5. The right end of the first toothed roller 3 is welded on an output shaft of the servo motor 2, a first straight rod 31 is coaxially welded at the left end of the first toothed roller 3, a first bevel gear 32 is coaxially welded at the left end of the first straight rod 31, a second bevel gear 33 is meshed with the first bevel gear 32, an axial included angle between the first bevel gear 32 and the second bevel gear 33 is 90 degrees, a second straight rod 34 is welded at the bottom of the second bevel gear 33, a first crank 35 is welded at the bottom of the second straight rod 34, the first crank 35 and the second straight rod 34 are perpendicularly arranged, one end, far away from the second straight rod 34, of the first crank 35 is hinged with a first connecting rod 36, a first slider 37 is hinged at the right end of the first connecting rod 36, the first slider 37 is slidably connected on a first guide rod 51 of the rack 5, the first guide rod 51 is parallel to the first toothed roller 3, and four cleaning brushes are welded at one side, opposite to the first slider 37 and the first.
The first straight rod 31, the first bevel gear 32, the second bevel gear 33, the second straight rod 34, the first crank 35, the first connecting rod 36, the first slider 37, the first guide rod 51, the servo motor 2 and the cleaning brush are cleaning parts, two groups of cleaning parts are arranged, the two groups of cleaning parts are arranged along the gap at the meshing position of the first tooth roller 3 and the second tooth roller 4 in an axial symmetry mode, namely one group of cleaning mechanisms are arranged on the first tooth roller 3, and the other group of cleaning mechanisms are arranged on the second tooth roller 4.
The first gear 341 is coaxially welded in the middle of the second straight rod 34, the second gear 342 is meshed with the first gear 341, the third straight rod 343 is coaxially welded on the second gear 342, the second crank 344 is welded at the right end of the third straight rod 343, the second crank 344 is perpendicular to the third straight rod 343, a second connecting rod 345 is hinged to one end of the second crank 344, which is far away from the third straight rod 343, a second sliding block 346 is hinged to one end of the second connecting rod 345, which is far away from the second crank 344, the second sliding block 346 is slidably connected to the second guide rod 52 of the rack 5, and the second guide rod 52 is located below the meshing position of the first toothed roller 3 and the second toothed roller 4.
The top end of the second sliding block 346 is hinged with a first swing plate 6 and a second swing plate 7, and the first swing plate 6 and the second swing plate 7 are arranged in axial symmetry along the gap at the meshing position of the first gear roller 3 and the second gear roller 4. As shown in fig. 3, a plurality of filter holes 8 are formed in the first swing plate 6 and the second swing plate 7, rectangular grooves are formed in the middle portions of the first swing plate 6 and the second swing plate 7, a first support rod 61 and a second support rod 71 are connected to the two rectangular grooves in a sliding manner, and the first support rod 61 and the second support rod 71 are welded to the rack 5.
The side wall in the crushing chamber 1 is communicated with an air pipe 14, the air pipe 14 is connected with a dust collecting chamber 15, the outside of the dust collecting chamber 15 is communicated with a suction fan 16, and the suction fan 16 can generate air flow flowing from the crushing chamber 1 to the dust collecting chamber 15.
During operation, a worker turns on the two servo motors 2 simultaneously to enable the first gear roller 3 and the second gear roller 4 to move in a meshed mode. The worker pours the solid waste into the crushing chamber 1 from the feed opening 11, and in the process of rotating and meshing the first toothed roller 3 and the second toothed roller 4, the solid waste at the meshing part is crushed by the meshing pressure of the two toothed rollers.
In the process of crushing the two gear rollers, the first gear roller 3 can drive the first straight rod 31 to rotate, the first straight rod 31 can drive the first bevel gear 32 to rotate, the first bevel gear 32 can drive the second bevel gear 33 to rotate, the second bevel gear 33 drives the second straight rod 34 to rotate, the second straight rod 34 drives the first crank 35 to rotate, and according to the working function of the slider-crank mechanism, the rotation can be changed into reciprocating linear motion, so that the first crank 35 can drive the left end of the first connecting rod 36 to do circular motion, the right end of the first connecting rod 36 to do reciprocating linear motion, the right end of the first connecting rod 36 drives the first slider 37 to do reciprocating linear motion in the first guide rod 51 of the rack 5, the first slider 37 drives the cleaning brush to do reciprocating linear motion, so as to brush off the solid wastes remained on the first gear roller 3, and the cleaning function is realized. The cleaning principle of the second toothed roller 4 is the same as that of the first toothed roller 3.
Meanwhile, the second straight rod 34 also drives the first gear 341 to rotate, the first gear 341 drives the second gear 342 to rotate, the second gear 342 drives the third straight rod 343 to rotate, the third straight rod 343 drives the second crank 344 to rotate, and according to the working function of the slider-crank mechanism, the rotation can be changed into reciprocating linear movement, so that the second crank 344 drives the bottom end of the second connecting rod 345 to do circular motion, while the top end of the second connecting rod 345 does reciprocating linear movement, the top end of the second connecting rod 345 drives the second slider 346 to do reciprocating linear movement in the second guide rod 52 of the rack 5, and the second slider 346 drives the first swing plate 6 and the second swing plate 7 to swing in a reciprocating manner.
The solid waste crushed for the first time can fall on the first throwing plate 6 and the second throwing plate 7, and because the first throwing plate 6 and the second throwing plate 7 are provided with a plurality of filtering holes 8, the solid waste which does not accord with the crushing requirement can be left on the first throwing plate 6 and the second throwing plate 7, and the solid waste which accords with the crushing requirement can leave from the filtering holes 8. The solid waste which does not meet the crushing requirement is thrown back to the meshing part of the first gear roller 3 and the second gear roller 4 by the first throwing plate 6 and the second throwing plate 7 to be crushed again.
The solid waste meeting the crushing requirement falls out from the discharge port 12 and falls into the waste collection chamber 13, and workers carry the crushed solid waste away to perform the next recovery operation after the waste collection chamber 13 is full of the crushed solid waste.
During the crushing of the solid waste, dust is generated in the crushing chamber 1. During the crushing process, the worker activates the suction fan 16, and the dust is sucked into the dust collection chamber 15 by the airflow generated by the suction fan 16 and collected in the dust collection chamber 15. When the dust collecting chamber 15 is filled with dust, workers need to timely handle the dust and clean the dust away.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge in the art of specific structures and/or features of the invention has not been set forth herein in any way. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.