CN108884384B - 含有量子点的可固化树脂系统 - Google Patents
含有量子点的可固化树脂系统 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108884384B CN108884384B CN201780018827.7A CN201780018827A CN108884384B CN 108884384 B CN108884384 B CN 108884384B CN 201780018827 A CN201780018827 A CN 201780018827A CN 108884384 B CN108884384 B CN 108884384B
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/10—Encapsulated ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/02—Use of particular materials as binders, particle coatings or suspension media therefor
- C09K11/025—Use of particular materials as binders, particle coatings or suspension media therefor non-luminescent particle coatings or suspension media
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/20—Esters of polyhydric alcohols or phenols, e.g. 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate or glycerol mono-(meth)acrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing halogen, nitrogen, sulfur, or oxygen atoms in addition to the carboxy oxygen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L35/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical, and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L35/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09D133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C09D133/062—Copolymers with monomers not covered by C09D133/06
- C09D133/066—Copolymers with monomers not covered by C09D133/06 containing -OH groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D4/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond ; Coating compositions, based on monomers of macromolecular compounds of groups C09D183/00 - C09D183/16
- C09D4/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond in combination with a macromolecular compound other than an unsaturated polymer of groups C09D159/00 - C09D187/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
一种包括量子点的聚合物复合材料。所述聚合物复合材料包括:(a)量子点;(b)第一聚合物,其具有1000到100,000的分子量和12(J/cm3)1/2到17(J/cm3)1/2的溶解度参数;(c)第二聚合物,其包括包含至少一个易于聚合的乙烯基并且具有72到500的分子量的第一化合物的聚合单元,其中所述第二聚合物具有16.5(J/cm3)1/2到20(J/cm3)1/2的溶解度参数;以及(d)第三聚合物,其包括包含至少两个易于聚合的乙烯基并且具有72到2000的分子量的第二化合物的聚合单元;其中所述第一聚合物包封所述量子点;其中易于聚合的乙烯基是(甲基)丙烯酸酯基的部分或直接连接到芳香环上。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种含有量子点的可固化树脂系统。
背景技术
半导体量子点(QD)提供显著不同于块体材料的光学吸收和发射(光致发光PL或电致发光EL)特性。随着粒度减小,有效能带隙(Eg)或可用能级增加,并且产生蓝移的PL光谱。相同材料内通过粒度依赖性量子限制效应实现的此光谱可调谐性是优于常规块体半导体的关键优势。由于其独特的光学性质,QD在多种显示和照明应用中受到极大关注。大多数QD具有无机壳体,其具有较大带隙材料以将电子和空穴对限制于核心区域内并且防止任何表面电荷态。外部壳体随后由有机配位体覆盖以减少壳体的陷阱态,所述陷阱态可能会导致量子产率(QY)降低。有机配位体帮助QD分散于有机/水性溶剂中。包围QD的典型有机配位体具有相对长的烷基链,其提供非极性溶剂或单体中的高溶解度。不幸地,QD在光吸收/转换过程期间极易受光氧化影响。此外,当配位体与溶剂或单体不相容时,湿气可能具有类似影响。QD通常被包封在聚合物基质中以保护它们免受水和氧气的不利影响。举例来说,US2015/0072092公开了经(甲基)丙烯酰氧基和/或环氧基部分改性的硅氧烷化合物,其用于形成含有量子点的膜。然而,此参考文献未公开本文所描述的组合物。
发明内容
本发明提供一种包括量子点的聚合物复合材料;所述聚合物复合材料包括:(a)量子点;(b)第一聚合物,其具有1000g/mol到100,000g/mol的分子量和12(J/cm3)1/2到17(J/cm3)1/2的溶解度参数;(c)第二聚合物,其包括包含至少一个易于聚合的乙烯基并且具有72到500的分子量的第一化合物的聚合单元,其中所述第二聚合物具有16.5(J/cm3)1/2到20(J/cm3)1/2的溶解度参数;以及(d)第三聚合物,其包括包含至少两个易于聚合的乙烯基并且具有72到2000的分子量的第二化合物的聚合单元;其中所述第一聚合物包封所述量子点;其中易于聚合的乙烯基是(甲基)丙烯酸酯基的部分或直接连接到芳香环上。
本发明进一步提供了一种用于生产所述聚合物复合材料的方法。所述方法包括以下步骤:(a)从包括量子点、具有1000g/mol到100,000g/mol的分子量和12(J/cm3)1/2到17(J/cm3)1/2的溶解度参数的第一聚合物以及溶剂的混合物中沉淀包封量子点;(b)将来自步骤(a)的溶液和包封量子点与包括至少一个易于聚合的乙烯基并且具有72到500的分子量和16.5(J/cm3)1/2到20(J/cm3)1/2的溶解度参数的第一化合物的聚合单元的第二聚合物一起喷雾干燥以产生包封量子点粉末;以及(c)将所述包封量子点粉末分散在包括至少两个易于聚合的乙烯基并且具有72到2000的分子量的第二化合物中,并且固化以形成聚合物复合材料;其中易于聚合的乙烯基是(甲基)丙烯酸酯基的部分或直接连接到芳香环上。
具体实施方式
除非另外规定,否则百分比是重量百分比(wt%)并且温度以℃为单位。除非另外规定,否则在室温(20℃到25℃)下进行操作。在大气压(约101kPa)下测量沸点。术语“(甲基)丙烯酸酯”意指丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯。量子点在本领域中是众所周知的,参看例如US2012/0113672。分子量以道尔顿为单位测量,并且是单体化合物的原子量和混合物(例如低聚化合物或聚合化合物)的重均分子量(Mw)的总和。
根据Fedors,《聚合物工程和科学(Polym.Eng.and Sci.)》,14(1974),147中所描述的技术计算溶解度参数。对于单体或聚合物的混合物,溶解度参数分别定义为不同单体或聚合组分的溶解度参数的加权平均值(按重量计)。例如在《聚合物手册(PolymerHandbook)》,第2版,Brandrup J.和E H Immergut编,Wiley-Interscience,John Wiley&Sons,纽约(1975)中可广泛获得聚合材料的溶解度参数的值。
优选地,第一聚合物具有0.1mg KOH/g到500mg KOH/g的酸值;优选至少0.5mgKOH/g,优选至少1mg KOH/g;优选不大于400mg KOH/g,优选不大于350mg KOH/g。优选地,第一聚合物具有至少1,000g/mol的分子量,优选至少1,500g/mol,优选至少2,000g/mol,优选至少2,500g/mol;优选不超过100,000g/mol,优选不超过80,000g/mol,优选不超过60,000g/mol。优选地,第一聚合物具有至少14(J/cm3)1/2的溶解度参数;优选至少15(J/cm3)1/2;优选不大于16.5(J/cm3)1/2,优选不大于16(J/cm3)1/2。优选地,第二聚合物的溶解度参数减第一聚合物的溶解度参数为至少0.5(J/cm3)1/2;优选至少0.75(J/cm3)1/2,优选至少1(J/cm3)1/2。
优选地,第一化合物具有至少100的分子量,优选至少120,优选至少140;优选不超过400,优选不超过350。优选地,第二化合物具有至少150的分子量,优选至少200;优选不超过700,优选不超过600,优选不超过550。第二聚合物可以包括除第一化合物以外的单体的聚合单元,但优选地第二聚合物包括至少60%的第一化合物的聚合单元,优选至少70%,优选至少80%。优选地,第二聚合物具有至少17(J/cm3)1/2的溶解度参数;优选不大于19.5(J/cm3)1/2,优选不大于19(J/cm3)1/2。在一个优选实施例中,第二聚合物是共聚物;优选的共聚物包含例如甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸乙酯共聚物和乙烯-降冰片烯共聚物。优选地,第二聚合物具有至少60℃的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)。
第三聚合物可以包括除第二化合物以外的单体的聚合单元,但优选地第三聚合物包括至少60%的第二化合物的聚合单元,优选至少70%,优选至少80%。当可聚合乙烯基与芳香环(例如,苯、萘或吡啶环)连接时,优选芳香环具有三到二十个碳原子,优选五到十五个碳原子。优选地,芳香环不含杂原子并且具有六到十五个碳原子,优选六到十二个碳原子。
优选地,第三聚合物具有20(J/cm3)1/2到28(J/cm3)1/2的溶解度参数;优选至少20.5(J/cm3)1/2,优选至少21(J/cm3)1/2;优选不大于26(J/cm3)1/2,优选不大于24(J/cm3)1/2。优选地,第三聚合物的溶解度参数减第二聚合物的溶解度参数为至少0.5(J/cm3)1/2;优选至少1(J/cm3)1/2,优选至少1.5(J/cm3)1/2。
优选地,第一化合物具有一个或两个易于聚合的乙烯基,优选一个。当第一化合物是低聚物时,乙烯基的数量是分布的数量平均。优选地,第二化合物具有二到六个易于聚合的乙烯基,优选不超过四个,优选不超过三个;优选两个。优选地,第一化合物中的可聚合乙烯基是(甲基)丙烯酸酯基(CH2=C(R)C(O)O-,其中R是H或CH3;又称为(甲基)丙烯酰氧基。优选地,第二化合物具有(甲基)丙烯酸酯基团,或第二化合物是二乙烯基苯。优选地,第二化合物是环状化合物,亦即具有至少一个脂肪族环或芳香环的化合物。优选地,第一化合物不含除碳、氢、氧和氮原子以外的原子;优选不含除碳、氢和氧以外的原子(这不排除来自杂质的痕量水平)。优选地,第二化合物不含除碳、氢、氧和氮原子以外的原子;优选不含除碳、氢和氧以外的原子。优选地,第一化合物是脂肪族的。第三聚合物可以包括除第二化合物以外的单体的聚合单元。优选地,第三聚合物包括至少25wt%的第二化合物的聚合单元,优选至少30wt%,优选至少40wt%,优选至少50wt%。在一个优选实施例中,第三聚合物包括不超过70wt%的第二化合物的聚合单元,优选不超过60wt%。第三聚合物可以包括除第二化合物以外的单体的聚合单元;所述单体具有一到四个易于聚合的乙烯基,优选一到三个,优选一个或两个,优选一个。优选的额外单体包含例如丙烯酸2-羟乙酯(HEA)、甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙酯(HEMA)、丙烯酸羟丙酯(HPA)、甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯(HPMA)或羧酸(甲基)丙烯酸酯(如(甲基)丙烯酸2-羧基乙酯低聚物(CEAO或CEMAO))、丙烯酸(AA)或甲基丙烯酸(MAA)。
优选地,通过冷却或通过添加其中第一聚合物具有不良溶解度的溶剂,从包括量子点、第一聚合物和溶剂的溶液中沉淀出量子点。
优选地,在<100℃的出口温度下进行喷雾干燥;优选<80℃,优选<60℃;优选地,喷雾干燥器配备有双流体或超声喷嘴雾化器。
优选地,聚合物复合材料包括0.01wt%到4wt%的量子点,优选至少0.03wt%,优选至少0.05wt%;优选不超过3wt%,优选不超过2wt%。优选地,聚合物复合材料包括1wt%到30wt%的第一聚合物;优选至少1.5wt%,优选至少2wt%;优选不超过25wt%,优选不超过20wt%。优选地,聚合物复合材料包括1wt%到30wt%的第二聚合物的聚合单元;优选至少1.5wt%,优选至少2wt%;优选不超过30wt%,优选不超过20wt%。优选地,聚合物复合材料包括60wt%到98wt%的第三聚合物的聚合单元;优选至少65wt%,优选至少70wt%;优选不超过96wt%,优选不超过94wt%。
尤其优选的第一聚合物是含有酸或马来酸酐基团的共聚物,包含马来酸酐(MA)-烯烃共聚物、丙烯酸-烯烃共聚物、苯乙烯-MA共聚物以及氧化聚乙烯。
尤其优选的第二聚合物具有至少60℃的Tg或熔融温度,并且可溶于第一步中所用的溶剂中。举例来说,包含聚苯乙烯衍生物、聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯、乙烯-降冰片烯共聚物。
尤其优选含有两种类型的单体的第三聚合物。
优选的第一化合物包含(甲基)丙烯酸异冰片酯、(甲基)丙烯酸C2-C18烷基酯(例如,(甲基)丙烯酸异丁酯、丙烯酸3,5,5-三甲基己酯、丙烯酸十二烷基酯、丙烯酸癸酯、丙烯酸十三烷基酯以及丙烯酸异癸酯)、丙烯酸L-薄荷酯、丙烯酸三环[5.2.1.02,6]癸基甲酯、C1-C6烷基苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸3,3,5-三甲基环己酯以及甲基丙烯酸3,3,5-三甲基环己酯。
优选的第二化合物包含三环[5.2.1.02,6]癸烷二甲醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、双酚A二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、双酚A甘油二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、2-丁基-2-乙基-1,3-丙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、1,10-双(丙烯酰氧基)癸烷以及
并且丙烯酸氨基甲酸酯低聚物可以是聚酯型、聚醚型、聚丁二烯型或聚己内酯型。其可以具有双官能、三官能、六官能反应性。低聚物的粘度在50℃下可以在1000cPs到200,000cPs范围内。对于具有非极性配位体的QD,优选聚丁二烯型。
优选地,复合材料中存在三个不同的相(QD/聚合物1、聚合物2和聚合物3)。举例来说,第一聚合物相的平均粒度为0.1微米到5微米;第一聚合物相优选被第二聚合物包围,并且第一和第二相的平均粒度为1微米到10微米。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中,聚合物复合材料包括:(a)量子点;(b)第一聚合物,其包括包含至少一个易于聚合的乙烯基并且具有72到500分子量的第一化合物的聚合单元,其中所述第一聚合物具有16.5(J/cm3)1/2到20(J/cm3)1/2的溶解度参数;以及(c)第二聚合物,其包括包含至少两个易于聚合的乙烯基并且具有72到2000的分子量的第二化合物的聚合单元;其中所述第一聚合物包封量子点;其中易于聚合的乙烯基是(甲基)丙烯酸酯基的部分或直接连接到芳香环上。
本发明进一步提供一种包括量子点的聚合物复合材料;所述聚合物复合材料包括:(a)量子点;(b)第一聚合物,其具有1,000到100,000的分子量和12(J/cm3)1/2到17(J/cm3)1/2的溶解度参数;以及(c)第二聚合物,其包括包含至少一个易于聚合的乙烯基并且具有72到500的分子量的第一化合物的聚合单元,其中所述第二聚合物具有16.5(J/cm3)1/2到20(J/cm3)1/2的溶解度参数。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中,聚合物复合材料是多层组合件的一部分,所述多层组合件在聚合物复合材料的每一侧上还包括外层。优选地,外层是隔氧层,其也抑制湿气通过。优选地,外层包括聚合物复合材料,优选包括聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)、聚芳基醚酮、聚酰亚胺、聚烯烃、聚碳酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、聚苯乙烯或其组合的聚合物复合材料。优选地,外层进一步包括氧化物或氮化物,优选包括氧化硅、二氧化钛、氧化铝、氮化硅或其组合。优选地,氧化物或氮化物涂布于聚合物复合材料面向QD层的表面上。优选地,每个外层包括具有25微米到150微米(优选50微米到100微米)的厚度的聚合物复合材料和具有10nm到100nm(优选30nm到70nm)的厚度的氧化物/氮化物层。在本发明的一些优选实施例中,外层包括至少两个聚合物复合层和/或至少两个氧化物/氮化物层;不同层可能具有不同组成。优选地,外层具有极低的氧气透过率(OTR,<10-1cc/m2/天)和低水蒸气透过率(WVTR,<10-2g/m2/天)。优选地,聚合物外层复合材料具有60℃到200℃的Tg;优选至少90℃,优选至少100℃。
优选地,根据本发明的聚合物复合材料的厚度是20微米到500微米,优选至少50微米,优选至少70微米,优选至少80微米,优选至少90微米;优选不大于400微米,优选不大于300微米,优选不大于250微米,优选不大于200微米,优选不大于160微米。
优选地,通过使通过混合单体、QD和其它任选的添加剂制备的树脂进行自由基聚合来制备本发明的聚合物复合材料。优选地,通过例如旋涂、槽模涂布、凹版印刷、喷墨和喷涂等典型方法将树脂涂布于第一外层上,随后使其固化。优选地,通过使树脂暴露于紫外光或热、优选紫外光、优选在UVA范围内的紫外光来引发固化。
优选地,聚合物复合材料包括0.01wt%到4wt%的量子点,优选至少0.03wt%,优选至少0.05wt%;优选不超过4wt%,优选不超过3wt%,优选不超过2wt%。优选地,量子点包括CdS、CdSe、CdTe、ZnS、ZnSe、ZnTe、HgS、HgSe、HgTe、GaN、GaP、GaAs、InP、InAs或其组合。在一个优选实施例中,量子点不含镉。
优选地,包围量子点的无机部分的配位体具有非极性组分。优选的配位体包含例如三辛基氧化膦、十二硫醇和脂肪酸盐(例如硬脂酸盐、油酸盐)。
可以并入本发明聚合物复合材料中的其它添加剂包含用以改善光提取的UV稳定剂、抗氧化剂、散射剂和用以增加粘度的非反应性增稠剂。优选的增稠剂包含纤维素醚、纤维素丙烯酸酯、聚苯乙烯聚合物、聚苯乙烯嵌段共聚物、丙烯酸类树脂以及聚烯烃弹性体。优选地,聚苯乙烯、丙烯酸和聚烯烃增稠剂具有50,000到400,000、优选100,000到200,000的Mw。优选地,纤维素醚具有1,000到100,000的Mw。
优选地,第一内层包括1wt%到60wt%的丙烯酸氨基甲酸酯,优选至少5wt%,优选至少10wt%;优选不超过50wt%,优选不超过40wt%。
聚合物复合材料的优选形式包含例如复合材料、珠粒、条带、棒、方块以及板。聚合物复合材料适用于多种应用,包含例如显示、照明和医疗应用。优选的显示应用包含公共信息显示器、标牌、电视、监控器、手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、汽车仪表盘以及手表。
实例
实例中使用的缩写:
PiBOMA是来自Scientific Polymer Products的聚甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯(Mw=100kg/mol,Tg=110℃)
PiBMA是来自奥德里奇(Aldrich)的聚甲基丙烯酸异丁酯(Mw=130kg/mol,Tg=65℃)
COC 5013是来自TOPAS的乙烯-降冰片烯共聚物(Mw=80.5kg/mol,Tg=140℃)
来自奥德里奇的马来酸酐-1-十八碳烯交替共聚物(Mw=30-50kg/mol,酸值=310-315mg KOH/g)
SMA EF-60是来自Cray Valley的苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物(Mw=11.5kg/mol,酸值=156mg KOH/g)
LICOCENE4221是来自科莱恩(Clariant)的马来酸酐接枝PE(Mw=4kg/mol,酸值=17mg KOH/g)
HEA是来自奥德里奇的丙烯酸2-羟乙酯
CN104是来自沙多玛(Sartomer)的双酚A环氧二丙烯酸酯
SR833是来自沙多玛三环[5.2.1.02,6]癸烷甲醇二丙烯酸酯
I-819是来自汽巴嘉基公司(Ciba-Geigy Corp.)的IRGACURE光活性聚合引发剂
FINEX 30S LP2是来自堺化学工业株式会社(Sakai Chemical Industry Co.)的超细氧化锌
部分I:
包封QD的制备
步骤1.共沉淀
通过将溶液加热到100℃,将聚合物1溶解于与QD相容的溶剂(例如甲苯)中。在100℃下将QD储备溶液添加到聚合物溶液中。随后通过快速冷却溶液或通过将另一种与QD相容的溶剂(聚合物1的非溶剂)引入到QD/聚合物溶液中,使聚合物/QD快速沉淀以形成微米尺寸的粒子。结果,此方法产生悬浮于溶剂中的包封QD/聚合物颗粒,并且QD均匀地分散在聚合物基质中。接下来,优选在喷雾干燥工艺之前将聚合物2引入到溶液中。
步骤2.喷雾干燥
除非另外说明,否则典型喷雾干燥条件描述如下。在移动小喷雾干燥器(基伊埃工程技术有限公司(GEA Process Engineering Inc.))上装备水槽双流体喷嘴雾化器。使用蠕动泵(马斯特菲(Masterflex)L/S)将上述溶液馈入喷雾干燥器中。入口温度80℃并且出口温度55℃.液体馈入速率=10mL/min(设定)并且到喷嘴雾化器的N2流动速率=1巴60%流量。喷雾干燥工艺产生具有良好控制的粒子尺寸(约5微米)的自由流动的QD聚合物粉末,其中聚合物2包围聚合物1中的包封QD的颗粒
QD树脂膜的制备
在无氧环境中(例如在手套箱中)制备膜配制物
1.将单体在真空下脱气1小时
2.通过使用速度混合器(南卡罗来纳州兰德隆(Landrum,SC)的FLACKTEK公司)来制备50wt%FINEX30S LP2在上述单体中的溶液
3.通过在RT下搅拌混合物来制备1.75wt%I-819在上述单体中的溶液
4.将I-819/单体引入到QD样品中
6.通过使用速度混合器将FINEX 30S LP2/单体溶液混合到上述溶液中
7.通过在UV(UVA,约400mJ/cm2)下使在两个i组分屏障膜之间的单体固化来制备约100um的QD膜用于QY测试
PLQY测量
使用绝对PL量子产率光谱仪(日本滨松(Hamamatsu,Japan)Quantaurus(C11347-01))测量PLQY。积分球允许350nm到1600nm的约99%反射。入射光子和发射光子都必须经历多次反射以便到达探测器(这有助于消除量子产率测量中的光学各向异性)。激发波长设定为450nm,PL的波长在460nm与950nm之间。将溶液样品放置在积分球的中心(透射);将膜样品放置在底部。绝对PLQY的直接测量是发射的光子数与吸收的光子数的比率
第二部分.QD与聚合物的相容性
使用溶液PLQY来评估QD(批号:15-004)和聚合物1之间的相容性
表2.溶液PLQY测量1
PLQY | 吸收 | 峰值波长(nm) | 峰值FWHM(nm) | |
1 | 0.716 | 0.572 | 537.36 | 43.34 |
2 | 0.67 | 0.46 | 537.36 | 44.21 |
3 | 0.693 | 0.521 | 535.86 | 43.24 |
4 | 0.662 | 0.609 | 541.1 | 42.61 |
*将1.0g的每种溶液(0.37mg QD/mL)加入1mL玻璃小瓶中,并且使用滨松绝对PLQY设备在450nm激发下测量PL QY、PWL、FWHM
1:将不含聚合物的甲苯中的QD加热到100℃持续5分钟
2:将马来酸酐-1-十八碳烯交替共聚物与甲苯中的QD在环境温度下混合
3:将SMA EF-60与甲苯中的QD在环境温度下混合
4:将LICOCENE 4221和甲苯中的QD在100℃下加热5分钟以将聚合物溶解,并且随后使混合物冷却到环境温度
基于PLQY数据,以上示例的含有酸官能团的聚合物1与CF-QD相容
使用溶液PLQY来确定QD(批号:15-004)和聚合物2之间的相容性
表2.溶液PLQY测量2
*将0.2g的每种溶液(0.77mg QD/mL)加入1mL玻璃小瓶中,并且使用滨松绝对PLQY设备在450nm激发下测量PL QY、PWL、FWHM
基于PLQY数据,优选使用与CF-QD相容的聚合物作为第二聚合物相以形成复合QD粉末
第三部分:包封QD和膜
配制物表:
QD膜特征化
基于这些结果,聚合物1为固化后形成聚合物3的极性单体对QD提供物理保护,并且因此本发明实施例显示更高的PLQY。通过共沉淀方法,一些QD可以存在于蜡粒子的表面,而聚合物2相的使用减轻了QD与极性单体之间的不期望的接触,从而产生更好的PLQY。
Claims (4)
1.一种包括量子点的聚合物复合材料;所述聚合物复合材料包括:(a)量子点;(b)第一聚合物,其具有1000到100,000的分子量和12(J/cm3)1/2到17(J/cm3)1/2的溶解度参数,所述第一聚合物选自马来酸酐-烯烃共聚物、丙烯酸-烯烃共聚物、苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物以及氧化聚乙烯,所述第一聚合物包封所述量子点;(c)第二聚合物,其包括包含至少一个易于聚合的乙烯基并且具有72到500的分子量的第一化合物的聚合单元,其中所述第一化合物选自(甲基)丙烯酸异冰片酯、(甲基)丙烯酸C2-C18烷基酯、丙烯酸L-薄荷酯、丙烯酸三环[5.2.1.02,6]癸基甲酯、C1-C6烷基苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸3,3,5-三甲基环己酯以及甲基丙烯酸3,3,5-三甲基环己酯,所述第二聚合物具有16.5(J/cm3)1/2到20(J/cm3)1/2的溶解度参数,所述第二聚合物包围包封的量子点颗粒;以及(d)第三聚合物,其包括包含至少两个易于聚合的乙烯基并且具有72到2000的分子量的第二化合物的聚合单元,所述第二化合物选自三环[5.2.1.02,6]癸烷二甲醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、双酚A二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、双酚A甘油二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、2-丁基-2-乙基-1,3-丙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、1,10-双(丙烯酰氧基)癸烷以及
并且可以是聚酯型、聚醚型、聚丁二烯型或聚己内酯型的丙烯酸氨基甲酸酯低聚物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的聚合物复合材料,其中所述第二聚合物的溶解度参数减所述第一聚合物的溶解度参数为至少0.5(J/cm3)1/2。
3.根据权利要求1所述的聚合物复合材料,其包括2wt%到20wt%的所述第一聚合物、2wt%到20wt%的所述第二聚合物、70wt%到94wt%的所述第三聚合物以及0.05wt%到2wt%的量子点。
4.一种用于生产聚合物复合材料的方法;所述方法包括以下步骤:
(a)从包括量子点、具有1000到100,000的分子量和12(J/cm3)1/2到17(J/cm3)1/2的溶解度参数的第一聚合物以及溶剂的混合物中沉淀包封量子点,所述第一聚合物选自马来酸酐-烯烃共聚物、丙烯酸-烯烃共聚物、苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物以及氧化聚乙烯;
(b)将来自步骤(a)的溶液和包封量子点与包括至少一个易于聚合的乙烯基并且具有72到500的分子量和16.5(J/cm3)1/2到20(J/cm3)1/2的溶解度参数的第一化合物的聚合单元的第二聚合物一起喷雾干燥以产生包封量子点粉末,所述第一化合物选自(甲基)丙烯酸异冰片酯、(甲基)丙烯酸C2-C18烷基酯、丙烯酸L-薄荷酯、丙烯酸三环[5.2.1.02,6]癸基甲酯、C1-C6烷基苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸3,3,5-三甲基环己酯以及甲基丙烯酸3,3,5-三甲基环己酯;以及
(c)将所述包封量子点粉末分散在包括至少两个易于聚合的乙烯基并且具有72到2000的分子量的第二化合物中,并且固化以形成聚合物复合材料;其中易于聚合的乙烯基是(甲基)丙烯酸酯基的部分或直接连接到芳香环上,所述第二化合物选自三环[5.2.1.02,6]癸烷二甲醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、双酚A二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、双酚A甘油二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、2-丁基-2-乙基-1,3-丙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、1,10-双(丙烯酰氧基)癸烷以及
并且可以是聚酯型、聚醚型、聚丁二烯型或聚己内酯型的丙烯酸氨基甲酸酯低聚物。
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JP2019511609A (ja) | 2019-04-25 |
US10894916B2 (en) | 2021-01-19 |
KR20180127450A (ko) | 2018-11-28 |
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KR102230382B1 (ko) | 2021-03-19 |
WO2017180333A1 (en) | 2017-10-19 |
EP3443047B1 (en) | 2021-06-02 |
EP3443047A1 (en) | 2019-02-20 |
US20190048256A1 (en) | 2019-02-14 |
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