CN108863080B - Preparation method of porcelain insulator glaze with positive temperature coefficient - Google Patents
Preparation method of porcelain insulator glaze with positive temperature coefficient Download PDFInfo
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- CN108863080B CN108863080B CN201810912105.2A CN201810912105A CN108863080B CN 108863080 B CN108863080 B CN 108863080B CN 201810912105 A CN201810912105 A CN 201810912105A CN 108863080 B CN108863080 B CN 108863080B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
- C03C8/20—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions containing titanium compounds; containing zirconium compounds
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- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
- C03C1/04—Opacifiers, e.g. fluorides or phosphates; Pigments
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
- C03C8/06—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form containing halogen
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- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
- C03C8/08—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form containing phosphorus
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5022—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with vitreous materials
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/86—Glazes; Cold glazes
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of porcelain insulator glaze, in particular to a preparation method of porcelain insulator glaze with positive temperature coefficient, which is prepared by scientifically matching 50-100 parts of montmorillonite, 30-50 parts of kaolinite, 5-10 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 20-50 parts of calcined bauxite, 16-20 parts of kaolinite, 8-15 parts of zinc oxide, 10-20 parts of barium titanate, 5-10 parts of strontium titanate, 5-10 parts of lithium niobate, 2-4 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 1-3 parts of thickening agent, 1-3 parts of dispergator, 3-5 parts of coupling agent and 1-3 parts of coloring agent, and the porcelain insulator glaze has the characteristic of positive temperature coefficient due to reasonable collocation of semiconductor media, is applied to porcelain insulators to solve the problem of freezing disaster of the porcelain insulators, the power transmission safety of the power transmission line in the frozen weather is effectively guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of porcelain insulator glaze, in particular to a preparation method of porcelain insulator glaze with a positive temperature coefficient.
Background
The porcelain insulator is an electrical ceramic product and is widely applied to overhead transmission lines. The porcelain insulator is generally required to be sprayed with a layer of nano glaze material on the surface in the manufacturing process, and a high-smoothness glaze surface is obtained after high-temperature treatment, so that the product becomes smooth, and the smooth glaze material is very thin, but plays an important role in enhancing the mechanical strength of the porcelain insulator, protecting the porcelain insulator from being corroded by harmful liquid, and improving the insulating property of the porcelain insulator.
The positive temperature coefficient phenomenon is a phenomenon that the resistance of a material increases with the increase of temperature, and the material with the positive temperature coefficient is widely applied to the safety protection of electrical products.
In cold winter, the power transmission line is often pressed and blocked due to excessive ice layers accumulated on the insulator, and the power transmission line is seriously paralyzed. However, at present, no effective counter measures exist for the problem of the freezing disaster of the insulator, and a new idea is opened for solving the problem due to the existence of the positive temperature coefficient phenomenon, so that the method has very wide research value and application potential.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of porcelain insulator glaze with a positive temperature coefficient, which is applied to porcelain insulators to solve the problem of freezing disasters of the porcelain insulators and effectively ensure the power transmission safety of a power transmission line in freezing weather.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention provides a preparation method of porcelain insulator glaze with positive temperature coefficient, which comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing the raw materials required for preparing the porcelain insulator glaze according to the following weight formula:
50-100 parts of montmorillonite, 30-50 parts of kaolinite, 5-10 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 20-50 parts of calcined bauxite, 16-20 parts of kaolin, 8-15 parts of zinc oxide, 10-20 parts of barium titanate, 5-10 parts of strontium titanate, 5-10 parts of lithium niobate, 2-4 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 1-3 parts of thickening agent, 1-3 parts of dispergator, 3-5 parts of coupling agent and 1-3 parts of coloring agent;
s2, sequentially adding the weighed raw materials into a mixer, and fully mixing for 30-60min under the condition of 300 r/min;
s3, transferring the uniformly mixed raw material mixture into a high-temperature furnace, heating to 1500 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and carrying out heat preservation for 1-2h for fusion treatment to obtain a fusion cake;
s4, taking out the frits, and rapidly introducing cold water into the frits for water quenching treatment;
s5, transferring the water-quenched frits into a ball mill, adding a proper amount of water, grinding for 1-2h, and grinding into glaze slip;
s6, spreading the glaze slip in a drying oven at 150 ℃ to dry for 30-60min to obtain dried fine particles,
and S7, transferring the granular glaze into a ball mill again, performing dry grinding to obtain powdery glaze with certain fineness, and packaging and storing.
Preferably, the optimal weight ratio of the raw materials for preparing the porcelain insulator glaze with the positive temperature coefficient is as follows:
80 parts of montmorillonite, 40 parts of kaolinite, 8 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 35 parts of calcined bauxite, 18 parts of kaolinite, 12 parts of zinc oxide, 15 parts of barium titanate, 8 parts of strontium titanate, 8 parts of lithium niobate, 3 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 2 parts of thickening agent, 2 parts of dispergator, 4 parts of coupling agent and 2 parts of colorant.
Preferably, the particle size of the nano silicon dioxide is 5-30 nm.
Preferably, the thickener is any one of ammonium chloride, magnesium chloride and sodium chloride.
Preferably, the debonder is any one of sodium tripolyphosphate, water glass and sodium metasilicate.
Preferably, the coupling agent is a titanate coupling agent.
Preferably, the colorant is a metal oxide, and the metal oxide is any one of copper oxide, manganese dioxide, vanadium pentoxide and titanium dioxide.
Preferably, the volume ratio of the frit to the water in the step of S5 is 1: 1.5.
Preferably, the fineness of the powdery glaze in the step S7 is 120-250 meshes.
Preferably, the method for preparing the glazing slurry by using the powdery glaze material prepared in the steps of S1-S7 comprises the following steps: taking a certain amount of powdery glaze, adding water with the mass of 60-70% of that of the powdery glaze, stirring and uniformly mixing for 20-30min under the condition of 120-150r/min, and controlling the volume weight of glazing slurry to be 1.5g/cm3±0.5g/cm3Spraying is carried out by a spray gun method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the preparation method of the porcelain insulator glaze with the positive temperature coefficient, provided by the invention, the barium titanate, the strontium titanate and the lithium niobate semiconductor media are scientifically compatible and reasonably matched with the montmorillonite, the kaolinite, the nano silicon dioxide, the calcined bauxite, the kaolinite, the zinc oxide and the like, and meanwhile, the semiconductor substances are more fully dispersed in the glaze by adding the coupling agent, so that the electrical characteristics of the porcelain insulator glaze are effectively changed and the porcelain insulator glaze has the characteristic of the positive temperature coefficient; after the glaze is coated on the surface of the porcelain insulator, the porcelain insulator also has the characteristic of positive temperature coefficient, when the temperature of the outer surface of the porcelain insulator is rapidly reduced due to the fact that the outer surface of the porcelain insulator is covered with an ice layer, the porcelain insulator at the moment can be changed into a semiconductor from an insulator, so that a glaze layer of the porcelain insulator generates micro-current, and heat generated by the micro-current can rapidly dissolve the ice layer on the surface of the porcelain insulator, so that the porcelain insulator is prevented from being pressed on a power line due to the accumulation of excessive ice layers, the problem of freezing disasters of the porcelain insulator is solved, and the power transmission safety of the power transmission line in freezing weather is effectively guaranteed;
(2) experimental tests show that the insulator glaze prepared by the method is almost in a completely insulated state at room temperature; when the temperature reaches 15 ℃, the glaze generates obvious insulation removal phenomenon and starts to slowly convert to a semiconductor state; when the temperature reaches 0 ℃, the glaze materials are in a semiconductor state and have weak conductivity; therefore, the insulating glaze material prepared by the invention has obvious positive temperature coefficient characteristics.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example 1:
the preparation method of the porcelain insulator glaze with the positive temperature coefficient provided by the embodiment 1 of the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing the raw materials required for preparing the porcelain insulator glaze according to the following weight formula:
50kg of montmorillonite, 30kg of kaolinite, 5kg of nano silicon dioxide (with the particle size of 30nm), 20kg of calcined bauxite, 16kg of kaolin, 8kg of zinc oxide, 10kg of barium titanate, 5kg of strontium titanate, 5kg of lithium niobate, 2kg of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 1kg of ammonium chloride, 1kg of sodium tripolyphosphate, 3kg of titanate coupling agent and 1 part of copper oxide;
s2, adding the weighed raw materials into a mixer in sequence, and fully mixing for 30min at the speed of 150 r/min;
s3, transferring the uniformly mixed raw material mixture into a high-temperature furnace, heating to 1500 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and carrying out heat preservation for 1h for fusion treatment to obtain a fusion cake;
s4, taking out the frits, and rapidly introducing cold water into the frits for water quenching treatment;
s5, transferring the water-quenched frits into a ball mill, adding water with the volume 1.5 times that of the frits, grinding for 1 hour, and grinding into glaze slip;
s6, spreading the glaze slip in a drying oven at 150 ℃ to dry for 30min to obtain dried fine particles,
and S7, transferring the granular glaze into a ball mill again, performing dry grinding to obtain powdery glaze with the fineness of 250 meshes, and packaging and sealing.
Example 2:
the preparation method of the porcelain insulator glaze with the positive temperature coefficient provided by the embodiment 2 of the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing the raw materials required for preparing the porcelain insulator glaze according to the following weight formula:
80kg of montmorillonite, 40kg of kaolinite, 8kg of nano silicon dioxide (with the particle size of 5nm), 35kg of calcined bauxite, 18kg of kaolin, 12kg of zinc oxide, 15kg of barium titanate, 8kg of strontium titanate, 8kg of lithium niobate, 3kg of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 2kg of magnesium chloride, 2kg of water glass, 4kg of titanate coupling agent and 2kg of manganese dioxide;
s2, sequentially adding the weighed raw materials into a mixer, and fully mixing for 45min under the condition of 220 r/min;
s3, transferring the uniformly mixed raw material mixture into a high-temperature furnace, heating to 1500 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and carrying out heat preservation for 1.5h for fusion treatment to obtain a fusion cake;
s4, taking out the frits, and rapidly introducing cold water into the frits for water quenching treatment;
s5, transferring the water-quenched frits into a ball mill, adding water with the volume 1.5 times that of the frits, grinding for 1.5h, and grinding into glaze slip;
s6, spreading the glaze slip in a drying oven at 150 ℃ to dry for 45min to obtain dried fine particles,
and S7, transferring the granular glaze into a ball mill again, performing dry grinding to obtain powdery glaze with the fineness of 120 meshes, and packaging and sealing.
Example 3:
the preparation method of the porcelain insulator glaze with the positive temperature coefficient provided by the embodiment 3 of the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing the raw materials required for preparing the porcelain insulator glaze according to the following weight formula:
100kg of montmorillonite, 50kg of kaolinite, 10kg of nano silicon dioxide (with the particle size of 15nm), 50kg of calcined bauxite, 20kg of kaolinite, 15kg of zinc oxide, 20kg of barium titanate, 10kg of strontium titanate, 10kg of lithium niobate, 4kg of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 3kg of sodium chloride, 3kg of sodium metasilicate, 5kg of titanate coupling agent and 3kg of titanium dioxide;
s2, adding the weighed raw materials into a mixer in sequence, and fully mixing for 60min at the speed of 300 r/min;
s3, transferring the uniformly mixed raw material mixture into a high-temperature furnace, heating to 1500 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and carrying out heat preservation for 2h for fusion treatment to obtain a fusion cake;
s4, taking out the frits, and rapidly introducing cold water into the frits for water quenching treatment;
s5, transferring the water-quenched frits into a ball mill, adding water with the volume 1.5 times that of the frits, grinding for 2 hours, and grinding into glaze slip;
s6, spreading the glaze slip in a drying oven at 150 ℃ to dry for 60min to obtain dried fine particles,
and S7, transferring the granular glaze into a ball mill again, performing dry grinding to obtain powdery glaze with the fineness of 180 meshes, and packaging and sealing.
Comparative example 1:
the preparation method of the porcelain insulator glaze of comparative example 1 includes the steps of:
s1, weighing the raw materials required for preparing the porcelain insulator glaze according to the following weight formula:
80kg of montmorillonite, 40kg of kaolinite, 35kg of calcined bauxite, 18kg of kaolinite, 12kg of zinc oxide, 3kg of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 2kg of magnesium chloride, 2kg of water glass and 2kg of manganese dioxide;
s2, adding the weighed raw materials into a mixer in sequence, and fully mixing for 60min under the condition of 280 r/min;
s3, transferring the uniformly mixed raw material mixture into a high-temperature furnace, and carrying out heat preservation for 2 hours at the temperature of 1350 ℃ for fusion treatment to obtain a fusion cake;
s4, taking out the frits, and rapidly introducing cold water into the frits for water quenching treatment;
s5, transferring the water-quenched frits into a ball mill, adding water with the volume 1.5 times that of the frits, grinding for 2 hours, and grinding into glaze slip;
s6, spreading the glaze slip in a drying oven at 150 ℃ to dry for 60min to obtain dried fine particles,
and S7, transferring the granular glaze into a ball mill again, performing dry grinding to obtain powdery glaze with the fineness of 200 meshes, and packaging and sealing.
Comparative example 2:
the preparation method of the porcelain insulator glaze of comparative example 2 includes the steps of:
s1, weighing the raw materials required for preparing the porcelain insulator glaze according to the following weight formula:
80kg of montmorillonite, 40kg of kaolinite, 35kg of calcined bauxite, 18kg of kaolinite, 12kg of zinc oxide, 15kg of barium titanate, 3kg of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 2kg of magnesium chloride, 2kg of water glass, 4kg of titanate coupling agent and 2kg of manganese dioxide;
s2, adding the weighed raw materials into a mixer in sequence, and fully mixing for 60min under the condition of 280 r/min;
s3, transferring the uniformly mixed raw material mixture into a high-temperature furnace, and carrying out heat preservation for 2 hours at the temperature of 1350 ℃ for fusion treatment to obtain a fusion cake;
s4, taking out the frits, and rapidly introducing cold water into the frits for water quenching treatment;
s5, transferring the water-quenched frits into a ball mill, adding water with the volume 1.5 times that of the frits, grinding for 2 hours, and grinding into glaze slip;
s6, spreading the glaze slip in a drying oven at 150 ℃ to dry for 60min to obtain dried fine particles,
and S7, transferring the granular glaze into a ball mill again, performing dry grinding to obtain powdery glaze with the fineness of 200 meshes, and packaging and sealing.
Comparative example 3:
the preparation method of the porcelain insulator glaze of comparative example 3 includes the steps of:
s1, weighing the raw materials required for preparing the porcelain insulator glaze according to the following weight formula:
80kg of montmorillonite, 40kg of kaolinite, 35kg of calcined bauxite, 18kg of kaolinite, 12kg of zinc oxide, 15kg of barium titanate, 8kg of strontium titanate, 3kg of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 2kg of magnesium chloride, 2kg of sodium silicate, 4kg of titanate coupling agent and 2kg of manganese dioxide;
s2, adding the weighed raw materials into a mixer in sequence, and fully mixing for 60min under the condition of 280 r/min;
s3, transferring the uniformly mixed raw material mixture into a high-temperature furnace, and carrying out heat preservation for 2 hours at the temperature of 1350 ℃ for fusion treatment to obtain a fusion cake;
s4, taking out the frits, and rapidly introducing cold water into the frits for water quenching treatment;
s5, transferring the water-quenched frits into a ball mill, adding water with the volume 1.5 times that of the frits, grinding for 2 hours, and grinding into glaze slip;
s6, spreading the glaze slip in a drying oven at 150 ℃ to dry for 60min to obtain dried fine particles,
and S7, transferring the granular glaze into a ball mill again, performing dry grinding to obtain powdery glaze with the fineness of 200 meshes, and packaging and sealing.
And (3) experimental test:
to verify the technical effect of the invention, a certain amount of powdery glaze is taken in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 respectively, then water accounting for 65% of the mass of the powdery glaze is added into the powdery glaze, the mixture is stirred and mixed uniformly for 20min under the condition of 130r/min, and then a spray gun is used for spraying the mixture
The glaze materials of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were manufactured into 0.2 to 0.3mm thin slabs, after the thin slabs were air-dried and solidified, the resistivity of the thin slabs of each example and comparative example was measured at room temperature (25 c), 15 c, and 0 c using a digital megohmmeter, and during the measurement, two points were arbitrarily selected on the thin slabs for testing, and 3 sets of resistivity were measured for each set of thin slabs of examples and comparative examples in order to ensure the scientificity of the test, and the average values of the three sets of data were respectively used as the final test results.
TABLE 1 resistivity at room temperature for each of the examples and comparative examples
TABLE 215 ℃ resistivity of each of the examples and comparative examples
TABLE resistivity of each of the examples and comparative examples at 30 deg.C
As can be seen from tables 1-3:
under room temperature conditions, the resistivity of example 1 was 416.5 megaohms, the resistivity of example 2 was 407.2 megaohms, the resistivity of example 2 was 414.9 megaohms, the resistivity of comparative example 1 was 413.3 megaohms, the resistivity of comparative example 2 was 410.8 megaohms, and the resistivity of comparative example 3 was 409.4 megaohms;
the resistivity of example 1 was 274.2 megaohms at 15 ℃, the resistivity of example 2 was 263.3 megaohms at 15 ℃, the resistivity of example 3 was 271.7 megaohms at 15 ℃, the resistivity of comparative example 1 was 411.1 megaohms, the resistivity of comparative example 2 was 345.6 megaohms, and the resistivity of comparative example 3 was 311.3 megaohms;
the resistivity at 0 ℃ was 46.4 megaohms for example 1, 41.8 megaohms for example 2, 45.3 megaohms for example 3, 408.9 megaohms for comparative example 1, 150.8 megaohms for comparative example 2, and 111.3 megaohms for comparative example 3;
it can be seen that, except for comparative example 1, the electrical resistivity of each of the examples, comparative example 2 and comparative example 3 decreased with a decrease in temperature, showing a certain positive temperature coefficient characteristic, and the glaze of each of the examples and comparative examples had a higher electrical resistivity at room temperature and was in a completely insulated state; under the condition of 15 ℃, the resistivities of the glazes in each example, comparative example 2 and comparative example 3 are obviously subjected to insulation removal, and the glazes slowly begin to convert to a semiconductor state; the glazes of each example, comparative example 2 and comparative example 3 were in a semiconductor state by 0 ℃ and had weak conductivity; among them, comparative examples 2 and 3 showed significantly weaker decrease rate of resistivity than each example. It can be concluded from the above results that the insulator glazes prepared by the methods of the examples, the comparative examples 2 and the comparative examples 3 all have obvious positive temperature coefficient characteristics, especially the positive temperature coefficient characteristics of the insulator glazes in the example 2 are most remarkable, and the effect is best; comparing the examples with comparative examples 2 and 3, it was found that the modification effect of the single semiconductor medium using only barium titanate and the modification effect of the two semiconductor media using both barium titanate and strontium titanate are inferior to the synergistic modification effect of the three semiconductor media, barium titanate, strontium titanate and lithium niobate. The fact that the barium titanate, the strontium titanate and the lithium niobate are scientifically compatible and reasonably matched with montmorillonite, kaolinite, nano silicon dioxide, calcined bauxite, kaolin, zinc oxide and other components shows that the electrical characteristics of the porcelain insulator glaze can be more effectively changed, and the porcelain insulator glaze has the characteristic of positive temperature coefficient.
In addition, the preparation of each example and each comparative example adds the colorant such as copper oxide, manganese dioxide, vanadium pentoxide, titanium dioxide and the like, but the comparative example is easy to generate the glaze flow phenomenon in the firing process, while the examples are basically free from the glaze flow phenomenon in the firing process, because a certain amount of nano silicon dioxide is added in each example, the addition of the silicon dioxide can increase the viscosity of a glaze layer in the firing process, effectively improve the glaze flow phenomenon of oil materials and improve the chemical stability and the thermal stability of glaze materials.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and still fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the porcelain insulator glaze with the positive temperature coefficient is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing the raw materials required for preparing the porcelain insulator glaze according to the following weight formula:
50-100 parts of montmorillonite, 30-50 parts of kaolinite, 5-10 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 20-50 parts of calcined bauxite, 16-20 parts of kaolin, 8-15 parts of zinc oxide, 10-20 parts of barium titanate, 5-10 parts of strontium titanate, 5-10 parts of lithium niobate, 2-4 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 1-3 parts of thickening agent, 1-3 parts of dispergator, 3-5 parts of coupling agent and 1-3 parts of colorant; the particle size of the nano silicon dioxide is 5-30 nm;
s2, sequentially adding the weighed raw materials into a mixer, and fully mixing for 30-60min under the condition of 300 r/min;
s3, transferring the uniformly mixed raw material mixture into a high-temperature furnace, heating to 1500 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and carrying out heat preservation for 1-2h for fusion treatment to obtain a fusion cake;
s4, taking out the frits, and rapidly introducing cold water into the frits for water quenching treatment;
s5, transferring the water-quenched frits into a ball mill, adding a proper amount of water, grinding for 1-2h, and grinding into glaze slip;
s6, spreading the glaze slip in a drying oven at 150 ℃ to dry for 30-60min to obtain dried fine particles,
and S7, transferring the granular glaze into a ball mill again, performing dry grinding to obtain powdery glaze with certain fineness, and packaging and sealing.
2. The method for preparing a porcelain insulator glaze with a positive temperature coefficient according to claim 1, wherein: the optimal weight ratio of the raw materials is as follows:
80 parts of montmorillonite, 40 parts of kaolinite, 8 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 35 parts of calcined bauxite, 18 parts of kaolinite, 12 parts of zinc oxide, 15 parts of barium titanate, 8 parts of strontium titanate, 8 parts of lithium niobate, 3 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 2 parts of thickening agent, 2 parts of dispergator, 4 parts of coupling agent and 2 parts of coloring agent.
3. The method for preparing a porcelain insulator glaze with a positive temperature coefficient according to claim 1, wherein: the thickener is any one of ammonium chloride, magnesium chloride and sodium chloride.
4. The method for preparing a porcelain insulator glaze with a positive temperature coefficient according to claim 1, wherein: the dispergator is any one of sodium tripolyphosphate, water glass and sodium metasilicate.
5. The method for preparing a porcelain insulator glaze with a positive temperature coefficient according to claim 1, wherein: the coupling agent is titanate coupling agent.
6. The method for preparing a porcelain insulator glaze with a positive temperature coefficient according to claim 1, wherein: the colorant is a metal oxide, and the metal oxide is any one of copper oxide, manganese dioxide, vanadium pentoxide and titanium dioxide.
7. The method for preparing a porcelain insulator glaze with a positive temperature coefficient according to claim 1, wherein: the volume ratio of the frit to water in the step S5 is 1: 1.5.
8. The method for preparing a porcelain insulator glaze with a positive temperature coefficient according to claim 1, wherein: the fineness of the powdery glaze in the step S7 is 120-250 meshes.
9. The method for preparing a porcelain insulator glaze with a positive temperature coefficient according to claim 1, wherein: the method for preparing the glazing slurry by adopting the powdery glaze material prepared in the steps of S1-S7 comprises the following steps: taking a certain amount of powdery glaze, then adding water with the mass of 60-70% of that of the powdery glaze, stirring and uniformly mixing for 20-30min under the condition of 120-150r/min, and controlling the volume weight of glazing slurry to be 1.5g/cm3±0.5g/cm3Spraying is carried out by a spray gun method.
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| CN112521010A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-03-19 | 江西亚航科技有限公司 | Ceramic glaze with stable performance and preparation method thereof |
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