CN114804835A - Novel carbon composite ceramic linear resistor and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Novel carbon composite ceramic linear resistor and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114804835A CN114804835A CN202110121871.9A CN202110121871A CN114804835A CN 114804835 A CN114804835 A CN 114804835A CN 202110121871 A CN202110121871 A CN 202110121871A CN 114804835 A CN114804835 A CN 114804835A
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 phosphate ester Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
- C04B35/18—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in aluminium oxide
- C04B35/185—Mullite 3Al2O3-2SiO2
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C1/00—Details
- H01C1/02—Housing; Enclosing; Embedding; Filling the housing or enclosure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C17/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors
- H01C17/30—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for baking
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- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
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- C04B2235/42—Non metallic elements added as constituents or additives, e.g. sulfur, phosphor, selenium or tellurium
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Abstract
The invention relates to a novel carbon composite ceramic linear resistor and a preparation method thereof, wherein the carbon composite ceramic linear resistor comprises the following raw material formula: 30-50 parts of bauxite, 30-50 parts of mullite, 10-30 parts of kaolin, 5-20 parts of carbon material, 0.1-1.5 parts of adhesive and 0.1-1.5 parts of dispersing agent. Compared with the prior art, the manufacturing method of the carbon composite ceramic linear resistor has the advantages of simple process flow, low equipment cost, easily available raw materials, wide resistance range of the manufactured resistor, large energy density, wide use temperature range and strong thermal shock resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of linear resistance materials, and relates to a novel carbon composite ceramic linear resistor and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the field of power electronics, conventional resistors are mainly wire wound and film type resistors. Wire-wound resistors cannot withstand high voltages, have large inductance, are resistant to large currents, and have limited high-energy capabilities. The film resistor has small current section and low impact resistance and reliability. In the process, the wire winding and film type resistor insulator and the resistor are manufactured respectively and then connected, so that the process is complicated.
The graphite ceramic linear resistor is one of key electric protection components for developing ultrahigh voltage power transmission and transformation equipment, is used for limiting overvoltage generated by a high-voltage circuit breaker in an operation process, and is mainly imported at present. The problems of large resistivity dispersion, poor thermal stability and mechanical strength of products and the like exist in the production process of the graphite ceramic linear resistor, so that the technical difficulty is large, the qualified rate of finished products is low, the production cost is high, and the development requirement of the power industry is difficult to meet. China CN 201110283542.0 discloses a graphite ceramic linear resistor and a production method thereof, wherein the resistance range of the composite ceramic linear resistor product prepared by the method is 0.2-20 Ω, and the requirement for higher resistance cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel carbon composite ceramic linear resistor and a preparation method thereof, so as to improve the thermal shock resistance of the ceramic resistor, improve the energy tolerance of the resistor, widen the resistance range and the like.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
on one hand, the invention provides a novel carbon composite ceramic linear resistor which comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of bauxite, 30-50 parts of mullite, 10-30 parts of kaolin, 5-20 parts of carbon material, 0.1-1.5 parts of adhesive and 0.1-1.5 parts of dispersing agent.
Further, the carbon material is a composite of graphite and carbon fiber, wherein the mass ratio of the carbon fiber is not more than 15%.
Further, the graphite is in a flake shape, a sphere shape or a mixture of both in an arbitrary ratio.
Further, the aspect ratio of the carbon fiber is 1000-.
Further, the adhesive is polyvinyl alcohol or polyacrylic acid.
Further, the dispersant is ammonium polyacrylate or organic phosphate.
On the other hand, the invention provides a preparation method of a novel carbon composite ceramic linear resistor, which comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively drying, crushing and sieving bauxite, mullite and kaolin to obtain powdery raw materials for later use;
(2) weighing powdery raw materials according to a ratio, adding a dispersing agent and an adhesive, and performing ball milling to prepare slurry;
(3) granulating the slurry by granulation equipment, and then pressing and molding to obtain a carbon composite ceramic linear resistor green body;
(4) heating the green carbon composite ceramic linear resistor blank to remove the adhesive, sintering and forming, cooling and grinding the obtained product, spraying aluminum electrodes on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the product, and coating an insulating layer on the side surface of the product to obtain the target product, namely the carbon composite ceramic linear resistor.
Further, in the step (1), sieving is carried out by a 30-mesh sieve;
in the step (2), the solid content of the prepared slurry is 30-70%.
Further, in the step (4), the temperature for heating and removing the glue is 400-500 ℃, and the time is 2-8 hours.
Further, in the step (4), the sintering temperature is 1200-1300 ℃, and the sintering time is 30-120 ℃.
In the preparation process, the graphite and the carbon fiber have good conductivity and normal temperature drift, meanwhile, the carbon fiber has good telescopic ductility and stable physical and chemical properties, bauxite, kaolin and mullite materials are easy to obtain and form a porous ceramic insulator, and the carbon composite ceramic linear resistor formed by the method has the advantages of body resistance, high use temperature, capability of resisting larger impact current, capability of absorbing more energy and capability of working under high pressure.
The manufacturing method of the carbon composite ceramic linear resistor has the advantages of simple process flow, low equipment cost, easily obtained raw materials, wide resistance range of the manufactured resistor, large energy density, wide use temperature range and strong thermal shock resistance.
Compared with the prior art, the manufacturing method of the carbon composite ceramic linear resistor has the advantages of simple process flow, low equipment cost, easily available raw materials, wide resistance range of the manufactured resistor, large energy density, wide use temperature range and strong thermal shock resistance.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
In the examples below, organophosphates were purchased from chenchen tai xin lanxing technologies, inc. Otherwise, unless otherwise specified, all the materials or processing techniques are conventional commercial products or conventional processing techniques in the art. The aspect ratio of the adopted carbon fiber is about 1000-.
Example 1:
the carbon composite ceramic linear resistor of the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30 parts of bauxite; 30 parts of mullite; 24 parts of kaolin; 15 parts of a carbon material; 0.5 part of polyvinyl alcohol; 0.5 part of ammonium polyacrylate.
In the carbon material, the mass ratio of graphite to carbon fiber is as follows: 90% of flaky graphite; 10% of carbon fiber.
The preparation method of the carbon composite ceramic linear resistor comprises the following steps:
firstly, respectively weighing bauxite, mullite, kaolin, graphite, carbon fibers, polyvinyl alcohol and ammonium polyacrylate, proportioning according to the proportion, and then ball-milling for 12 hours in a ball mill; followed by granulation with a centrifugal granulator. Putting the granulated powder into a die, pressing by using a hydraulic machine, and pressing into a cylinder with the diameter phi of 48mm and the height of 18 mm; then carrying out glue discharging in a glue discharging furnace at 500 ℃; after the glue is discharged, sintering for 1 hour at 1200 ℃ in a reducing atmosphere furnace; and then, grinding two ends of the electrode, spraying an aluminum electrode, and coating an insulating layer on the side surface.
Through detection, the resistance of the carbon composite ceramic linear resistor prepared in the embodiment is 30 omega, the resistance temperature coefficient is-0.05%/DEG C, and the pulse energy density is 500J/cm 3 Constant power energy density of 2000J/cm 3 And the single chip is resistant to the impulse voltage of 8 KV.
Example 2
The carbon composite ceramic linear resistor comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 38.5 parts of bauxite; 30 parts of mullite; 20 parts of kaolin; 10 parts of a carbon material; 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol; 0.5 part of ammonium polyacrylate.
In the carbon material, the mass ratio of graphite to carbon fiber is as follows: 80% of spherical graphite; 20% of carbon fiber.
The preparation method of the carbon composite ceramic linear resistor comprises the following steps:
firstly, respectively weighing bauxite, mullite, kaolin, graphite, carbon fibers, polyvinyl alcohol and ammonium polyacrylate, mixing the materials according to the proportion, and then ball-milling the materials in a ball mill for 12 hours; followed by granulation with a centrifugal granulator. Putting the granulated powder into a die, pressing by using a hydraulic machine, and pressing into a cylinder with the diameter phi of 48mm and the height of 18 mm; then carrying out glue discharging in a glue discharging furnace at 500 ℃; after the glue is discharged, sintering for 1 hour at 1200 ℃ in a reducing atmosphere furnace; and then, grinding two ends of the electrode, spraying an aluminum electrode, and coating an insulating layer on the side surface.
Through detection, the resistance of the carbon composite ceramic linear resistor prepared in the embodiment is 100 omega, the temperature coefficient of the resistor is-0.08%/DEG C, and the pulse energy density is 540J/cm 3 Constant power energy density 3000J/cm 3 And the single chip is resistant to the impulse voltage of 8 KV.
Example 3
The carbon composite ceramic linear resistor comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 30 parts of bauxite; 30 parts of mullite; 17.5 parts of kaolin; 20 parts of a carbon material; 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol; 1.5 parts of ammonium polyacrylate.
In the carbon material, the mass ratio of graphite to carbon fiber is as follows: 45% of flaky graphite; 45% of spherical graphite; 10% of carbon fiber.
The preparation method of the carbon composite ceramic linear resistor comprises the following steps:
firstly, respectively weighing bauxite, mullite, kaolin, graphite, carbon fibers, polyvinyl alcohol and ammonium polyacrylate, mixing the materials according to the proportion, and then ball-milling the materials in a ball mill for 12 hours; followed by granulation with a centrifugal granulator. Filling the granulated powder into a die, pressing by using a hydraulic machine, and pressing into a cylinder with the diameter phi of 48mm and the height of 18 mm; then carrying out glue discharging in a glue discharging furnace at 500 ℃; after the glue is discharged, sintering for 1 hour at 1200 ℃ in a reducing atmosphere furnace; and then, grinding two ends of the electrode, spraying an aluminum electrode, and coating an insulating layer on the side surface.
Through detection, the resistance of the carbon composite ceramic linear resistor prepared in the embodiment is 5 omega, the resistance temperature coefficient is-0.01%/DEG C, and the pulse energy density is 450J/cm 3 Constant power energy density 1200J/cm 3 And the single chip is resistant to the impulse voltage of 8 KV.
Comparative example 1:
compared with example 1, most of the results are the same, except that the carbon fiber is changed into equal-quality graphite.
Through detection, the resistance of the carbon composite ceramic linear resistor prepared in the embodiment is 25 omega, the temperature coefficient of the resistor is-0.01%/DEG C, and the pulse energy density is 200J/cm 3 Constant power energy density 1000J/cm 3 The single chip is resistant to the impulse voltage of 3.5 KV.
In addition, in the above embodiments, the linear resistor may be replaced by equal quality of organic phosphate ester according to the requirement, and the addition amount of each component may be adjusted arbitrarily within the above-defined range of the present invention according to different requirements.
The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The novel carbon composite ceramic linear resistor is characterized by comprising the following raw material components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of bauxite, 30-50 parts of mullite, 10-30 parts of kaolin, 5-20 parts of carbon material, 0.1-1.5 parts of adhesive and 0.1-1.5 parts of dispersing agent.
2. The novel carbon composite ceramic linear resistor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the carbon material is a composite of graphite and carbon fiber, wherein the mass ratio of the carbon fiber is not more than 15%.
3. The novel carbon composite ceramic linear resistor as claimed in claim 2, wherein the graphite is in the form of flake, sphere or a mixture of the two in any proportion.
4. The novel carbon composite ceramic linear resistor as claimed in claim 2, wherein the aspect ratio of the carbon fiber is 1000-2000: 7.
5. The novel carbon composite ceramic linear resistor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the binder is polyvinyl alcohol or polyacrylic acid.
6. The novel carbon composite ceramic linear resistor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dispersant is ammonium polyacrylate or organic phosphate.
7. The method for preparing a novel carbon composite ceramic linear resistor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
(1) respectively drying, crushing and sieving bauxite, mullite and kaolin to obtain powdery raw materials for later use;
(2) weighing powdery raw materials according to a ratio, adding a dispersing agent and an adhesive, and performing ball milling to prepare slurry;
(3) granulating the slurry by granulation equipment, and then pressing and molding to obtain a carbon composite ceramic linear resistor green body;
(4) heating the green carbon composite ceramic linear resistor blank to remove the adhesive, sintering and forming, cooling and grinding the obtained product, spraying aluminum electrodes on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the product, and coating an insulating layer on the side surface of the product to obtain the target product, namely the carbon composite ceramic linear resistor.
8. The method for preparing the novel carbon composite ceramic linear resistor as claimed in claim 7, wherein in the step (1), the sieving is performed by a 30-mesh sieve;
in the step (2), the solid content of the prepared slurry is 30-70%.
9. The method for preparing the novel carbon composite ceramic linear resistor as claimed in claim 7, wherein in the step (4), the temperature for heating and removing the glue is 400-500 ℃ and the time is 2-8 hours.
10. The method for preparing the novel carbon composite ceramic linear resistor as claimed in claim 7, wherein in the step (4), the sintering temperature is 1200-1300 ℃, and the sintering time is 30-120 minutes.
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| CN116813313A (en) * | 2023-05-12 | 2023-09-29 | 西安交通大学 | Carbon composite ceramic linear resistor and preparation method thereof |
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