CN1088390C - Process for desulfurization and denitrification by use of low-temperature plasma reactor equipped with condenser - Google Patents

Process for desulfurization and denitrification by use of low-temperature plasma reactor equipped with condenser Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1088390C
CN1088390C CN98107708A CN98107708A CN1088390C CN 1088390 C CN1088390 C CN 1088390C CN 98107708 A CN98107708 A CN 98107708A CN 98107708 A CN98107708 A CN 98107708A CN 1088390 C CN1088390 C CN 1088390C
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Prior art keywords
condenser
reactor
temperature plasma
low
desulfurization
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CN98107708A
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CN1203829A (en
Inventor
宋永焄
申完浩
金硕准
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Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials KIMM
Doosan Heavy Industries and Construction Co Ltd
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Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials KIMM
Korea Heavy Industries and Construction Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/32—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00
    • B01D53/323—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00 by electrostatic effects or by high-voltage electric fields
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
    • B01D53/265—Drying gases or vapours by refrigeration (condensation)
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D2257/302—Sulfur oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D2257/402—Dinitrogen oxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D2257/404—Nitrogen oxides other than dinitrogen oxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/80—Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
    • B01D2259/818—Employing electrical discharges or the generation of a plasma
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H2245/00—Applications of plasma devices
    • H05H2245/10—Treatment of gases
    • H05H2245/17—Exhaust gases
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/10—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of nitrous oxide (N2O)

Abstract

To eliminate low temperature corrosion, to lessen power required for operation, to prevent the generation of secondary waste water, and moreover to improve desulfurizing/denitrifying efficiency by lowering the temperature of waste gas through a heat exchanger and using a low temperature plasma device equipped with a condenser inside a reaction vessel to perform desulfurization and denitrification. SOLUTION: When waste gas discharged from a boiler for industrial use or the like is directly fed to a low temperature plasma reactor 2, moisture in the waste gas is condensed on the surface of a condenser 9 installed inside the reactor 2 to cause the formation of salt and the neutralization of the waste gas. At this time, as the condenser 9, a circulating cooler to which cooling water is continuously fed from a cooling water feeder 10 is used. Besides, the condenser 9 is installed behind plasma electrodes 3, 3' in order that electrons generated from the plasma electrodes 3, 3' turns gaseous SO2 and nitrogen oxide into acid salts and thereafter these acid salts are contacted with the condenser 9 to turn them into neutral salts. In this way, low temperature corrosion is prevented to enable the reduction of running cost.

Description

Utilize low-temperature plasma reactor to carry out the technology of desulfurization removing nitric
The present invention relates to a kind of low-temperature plasma course of reaction, in this course of reaction, can remove the sour gas (SO of the sulfur-bearing in steam power plant, steel plant and other factories and the workshop exhaust gas discharged simultaneously 2) and nitrogen oxide (NOx).Relate in particular to and in low-temperature plasma reactor, be equipped with one or more condensers, thereby improved a kind of like this technical process of desulfurization, denitrification effect widely.The present invention has the following advantages: improve desulfurization, denitrification percent, prevent cold end corrosion, widened operating temperature range, reduce power consumption; Save operating cost, the growing amount of control secondary wastewater; Reduce size of reactor or the like.
Remove contained SO in the flue gas (waste gas) 2With traditional low-temperature plasma course of reaction of NOx be that low-temperature plasma reactor by as shown in Figure 1 carries out, its process is as follows:
1〉the dead flue gas of Industrial Boiler discharging is cooled to 110 ℃ or lower by heat exchanger 1, sends into reactor 2 then;
2〉spray water by nozzle 4 ejection is with the flue gas cools to 80 in the reactor 2 ℃ or lower;
3〉the high-voltage pulse electric energy that sends from impulse generator 5 passes to low-temperature plasma reactor through each anode, and this reactor and industrial dust arrester are similar, by electrode 3 and 3 ' and dust storage chamber 6 formed.Pulse Electric produces electron discharge at anode, also just has been full of very strong electronics at reactor inner space simultaneously;
4〉electronics in the reactor 2, with oxygen, (the main gaseous moleculars in the flue gas) such as water vapour, nitrogen bumps against the atomic group that generation has very strong oxidizing force, and this atomic group is with SO 2And NO xBe transformed into the ackd salt of aerosol form;
5〉aerosol of ackd salt, particle increases, and reacts with the ammonia of adding reactor, changes into size and becomes granular neutral salt for about 1 micron, and be collected in the electrostatic (electric dust) precipitator 6.
In above-mentioned a few step process process, the most important thing is the generative process of ackd salt and neutral salt, these processes have determined by using low-temperature plasma reactor desulfurization, the needed electric energy of this known method of denitrogenation.For the ease of the carrying out of reaction, the temperature of sending into the waste gas of reactor is to absorb salt by water spray or atomization water in the heat exchanger 1 that is contained in reactor inlet place or inside to reduce to 80 ℃ or following.
Yet, by present (promptly above-mentioned) technical process, when flue gas with 80 ℃ or when sending into reactor when lower, bring following problem:
1〉SO 2Change sulfuric acid into, thereby quicken cold end corrosion; 2〉by a large amount of flue gas of heat exchanger cooling of reactor front portion, its expense is considerable.In reactor, generate salt with nozzle ejection water many consequences are arranged: 1 because water distribution inhomogeneous.In each position of inside reactor, the generation of its salt changes; 2〉owing to nozzle erosion, the water supply is often interrupted; 3〉because splashing of acid drop causes the corrosion of reactor self; 4〉water spray produces secondary wastewater; 5 〉, force the size of reactor to increase because the water injection system that is equipped with in the reactor occupies volume.
For solving above-mentioned suchlike problem, the present invention uses the inner low-temperature plasma reactor that condenser is housed to carry out desulfurization as shown in Figure 2, denitrogenation, and unnecessaryly carry out the pre-cooled of dead flue gas, no matter this cooling is to utilize heat exchanger, still in reactor, spray water.
According to desulfurization of the present invention, denitrification process process, the dead flue gas that Industrial Boiler is discharged is admitted to low-temperature plasma reactor 2, condensation on the surface of the condenser 9 of the moisture content of the dead flue gas of supply response device 2 in placing reactor, and the generation and the neutralization reaction process of salt take place on the liquid pearl of condensation and liquid film, in the said process, cooling water passes through feeding mechanism 10 supply response device constantly.
In low-temperature plasma reactor of the present invention, its condenser mounting condition is as follows:
1〉size of condenser should almost fully cover all vertical surface of inside reactor, so that contained whole moisture content in the flue gas that each face of condensation and reactor contacts;
2〉as shown in Figure 2, condenser is installed in the back of all electrodes;
3〉according to the size of reactor, condenser can be established one group, two or more sets.
When reactor size was big, the condenser of configuration was many more, and its desulfurization, denitrification effect are good more, and therefore, the size of condenser and quantity can be come reasonable disposition according to the size of reactor.Yet, if condenser is too big, or number is too many, when the dead flue temperature degree of sending into reactor will reduce tens of spending, or, can not expect almost that then improved low-temperature plasma desulfurization, its performance of denitrification system surmount traditional desulfurization, denitrification system if when need using a large amount of cooling waters.In addition,, certainly will increase energy consumption, weaken reactor feasibility economically if the installation of condenser causes bigger pressure drop.Therefore, the consumption of suitably adjusting the size and the configured number of condenser and controlling cooling water is the most desirable technology, like this, drop to 110 ℃ or lower and keep pressure drop to be no more than under the condition of 100mmA in the reative cell temperature inside, can the useless flue gas of condensation in contained moisture content.
Why condenser is installed in the electrode back, rather than resemble and the cooling water injector be installed in the electrode front traditional low-temperature plasma reactor? its reason is sulfur-bearing sour gas and nitrogen oxide to be transformed into ackd salt by the electronics that electrode produces, and is converted into neutral salt subsequently again.In other words,, then can't touch ackd salt, so just can not make that ackd salt has become neutral salt fully if condenser is contained in the electrode front.
In sum, to be equipped with its advantage of low-temperature plasma reactor of condenser as follows in the present invention:
1〉heat exchanger in the past and ejector system must be installed in the front portion of reactor so that promote the generation of salt, but in technical process of the present invention, self can carry out all these functions the condenser of inside reactor.
2〉since in the present invention the purpose of condenser be not to reduce the temperature of flue gas, but the moisture content in the condensation flue gas on the spot, the operating temperature of reactor is greater than 110 ℃, rather than desired 80 ℃ of tradition, thereby the worry that can exempt cold end corrosion.
3〉owing to the absorption reaction that takes place evenly distributedly at condenser surface by the salt of liquid pearl or liquid film, rather than rely on water spray (it can not guarantee uniform spatial distribution) to carry out absorption reaction, so assimilation effect is improved greatly.
4〉need a large amount of water in traditional water injection system, its consequence is further to produce waste water, and the present invention does not additionally add water in reactor, does not therefore produce secondary wastewater.
5〉traditional water injection system need occupy big space, but the volume minimum of the occupied reactor of condenser of the present invention.
6〉in of the present invention, the desulfurization of device, denitrification percent improve than not having significantly with traditional low-temperature plasma desulfurization, the nitrogen rejection facility of condenser.
Fig. 1 is traditional low-temperature plasma reactor schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is a low-temperature plasma reactor schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the profile that the low-temperature plasma reactor of a plurality of condensers is equipped with in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the experimental result curve map of most preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention.
The device name that code refers in the accompanying drawing is as follows:
1. heat exchanger
2. low-temperature plasma reactor
3.3 ', electrode
4. nozzle
5. impulse generator
6. electrostatic (electric dust) precipitator
7. waste gas exhaust blower
8. dc generator
9. condenser
10. cooling water supply unit
Below, further describe the present invention according to most preferred embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
This embodiment of the present invention carries out on the mini-reactor before the pilot plant device that uses plasma reactor desulfurization, denitrogenation is set up, its objective is check aforesaid in plasma reactor condensation to NO xRemove the actual effect of ability.
Reactor and the two NO of reactor that does not put condenser for more built-in condenser xRemoval efficiency, this experiment is to use small-sized plasma reactor to carry out, this reactor has to handle and contains 200ppm NO x20Nm 3The ability of/hr gas, 60 hertz of its pulse frequencies (Hz); Pulse durations 1000 sodium second (nsec)
Experimental result is seen Fig. 4.
As shown in Figure 4, put its NO of reactor of condenser xRemoval efficiency far above the reactor of not putting condenser, and the latter, even the voltage of reactor is increased to 50KV (maximum), its NO xRemoval efficiency be no more than 15% level.
Therefore can determine that the built-in condenser of reactor can significantly improve NO by this example xRemoval efficiency.
Embodiment 2
For this embodiment, be for the reactor of more built-in condenser and do not put the desulfurization between the reactor of condenser, the effect of denitrogenation.
Experiment is to be equipped with the pilot plant test equipment (the present invention) of condenser and not carry out in the reactor of built-in condenser (Italian national power plant) at inside reactor, and table 1 has listed file names with experiment condition and experimental result.
The comparison of table 1 experimental result
The reaction that project has a condenser does not have the reactor of condenser
Device (the present invention) (Italian national power plant)
The gas treatment amount: 2,000Nm 3/ hr 1,000Nm 3/ hr
Voltage: Max:100KV Max:100KV
Pulse duration: pulse duration:
1000nsec 1000nsec
Desulfurization, desulfurization: 95% desulfurization: 80%
Denitrification percent: denitrogenation: 85% denitrogenation: 55%
Operating temperature: 170 ℃ 80 ℃
Power requirement 3Whr/NM 312～15Whr/NM 3
(per unit handle or below
Gas flow):
Can determine that according to table 1 under identical voltage conditions, the reactor of built-in condenser is than the reactor of not putting condenser, demonstrate and have higher desulfurization, denitrification percent and little power consumption, and can under higher temperature, finish its function.Therefore, use reactor of the present invention can avoid the invasion of cold end corrosion.

Claims (2)

1. the method for a low-temperature plasma desulfurization, denitrogenation is characterized in that: condenser is set in low-temperature plasma reactor, and promotes the generation and the neutralization of salt by contained moisture content in the surface condensation dead flue gas of this condenser; Described condenser is installed on the back of electrode in the reaction of low temperature plasma device; The operating temperature of keeping reactor is 110-170 ℃ scope, to avoid cold end corrosion.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: one or more groups described condenser is set in the described low-temperature plasma reactor.
CN98107708A 1997-03-08 1998-02-25 Process for desulfurization and denitrification by use of low-temperature plasma reactor equipped with condenser Expired - Fee Related CN1088390C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1019970007855A KR100213812B1 (en) 1997-03-08 1997-03-08 Removal method of sulfur and nitrogen with low temperature plasma reactor
KR7855/97 1997-03-08

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CN1088390C true CN1088390C (en) 2002-07-31

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Citations (4)

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JPH02211218A (en) * 1989-02-09 1990-08-22 Meidensha Corp Denitration of nox in waste gas and waste gas treatment apparatus
JPH04122417A (en) * 1990-09-11 1992-04-22 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Exhaust gas treating device
JPH07213859A (en) * 1994-02-09 1995-08-15 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Waste gas treating device
CN1114236A (en) * 1995-04-10 1996-01-03 华中理工大学 Discharging catalytic reduction process for desulphurizing smoke and apparatus thereof

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02211218A (en) * 1989-02-09 1990-08-22 Meidensha Corp Denitration of nox in waste gas and waste gas treatment apparatus
JPH04122417A (en) * 1990-09-11 1992-04-22 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Exhaust gas treating device
JPH07213859A (en) * 1994-02-09 1995-08-15 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Waste gas treating device
CN1114236A (en) * 1995-04-10 1996-01-03 华中理工大学 Discharging catalytic reduction process for desulphurizing smoke and apparatus thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH10249151A (en) 1998-09-22
KR100213812B1 (en) 1999-08-02
KR19980072869A (en) 1998-11-05
JP2839028B2 (en) 1998-12-16
CN1203829A (en) 1999-01-06

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