CN108821766A - 防静电氧化锆陶瓷及其制备方法 - Google Patents
防静电氧化锆陶瓷及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提出了一种防静电氧化锆陶瓷及其制备方法,按照重量份数计算,包括以下原料:钇稳定氧化锆60~80份、氧化铝5~10份、氧化镁2~6份、二氧化钛1~3份、改性氧化镧6~12份及氧化铬3~6份;所述改性氧化镧主要由氧化镧、石墨与二氧化硅制备得到。制备方法:将上述原料混合搅拌均匀后加入粘结剂,造粒,获得球状颗粒;将球状颗粒至于模具中压制成型,再热压脱脂烧结,然后冷却至室温即可。该陶瓷不仅具有良好的防静电效果,还具有很好的耐磨性、耐高温性能等。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于陶瓷材料技术领域,具体涉及一种防静电氧化锆陶瓷及其制备方法。
背景技术
氧化锆陶瓷材料具有硬度高、耐高温、耐磨损、耐腐蚀、防磁,绝缘等特性。但由于环境温度、湿度以及本身结构的因素,在某些特殊情况下,氧化锆陶瓷材料具有使电流通过的性质,可能产生导电性,存在静电。因此,氧化锆陶瓷材料的本质决定了使用环境。改善氧化锆陶瓷材料防静电性能,并且进一步全面提升氧化锆陶瓷材料的硬度、耐磨损性能、耐腐蚀性能等,以使其广泛应用于更苛刻的环境中,一直是本领域技术人员所要解决的技术问题。
关于防静电陶瓷,国内外的学者已做过大量的研究工作,美国专利US5525135提出了一种α-Al2O3-ZrO2-TiO2体系的防静电陶瓷材料,同时,该防静电陶瓷具有相对较高的耐磨性能。此外,也有一些专利通过在配方体系中引入相应的添加剂来改善氧化锆陶瓷的防静电性能。如:US4110260通过在氧化锆陶瓷中引入二氧化硅与二氧化钛来降低电阻率,最终获得具有防静电功能的陶瓷。
中国专利也做了大量的研究,目前中国专利在防静电陶瓷这块领域,主要集中在防静电陶瓷地板砖方面,例如申请号为201010563879.2的专利申请,公开了一种防静电陶瓷砖,它是以玻璃相、石英相、顽火辉石相为主体组成的建筑陶瓷砖,而所述陶瓷砖中搀杂有半导体氧化物,构成防静电陶瓷砖。并且声称所生成的产品具有防火、使用寿命长、防潮、防水、防蛀等特点,且生产方法简单可行,有利于工业化生产。
然而,防静电陶瓷地板砖,其用途相对较局限,功能较单一,主要集中在防静电改性上,对于具有广泛应用前景的防静电陶瓷材料,从目前的技术状况来看,也大多集中在防静电功能改性上,没有兼顾其他的性能,如硬度、耐磨损性能、耐腐蚀性能等。
发明内容
本发明提出一种防静电氧化锆陶瓷,该陶瓷不仅具有良好的防静电效果,还具有很好的耐磨性、耐高温性能等。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:
一种防静电氧化锆陶瓷,按照重量份数计算,包括以下原料:
钇稳定氧化锆60~80份、氧化铝5~10份、氧化镁2~6份、二氧化钛1~3份、改性氧化镧6~12份及氧化铬3~6份;所述改性氧化镧主要由氧化镧、石墨与二氧化硅制备得到。
优选地,所述改性氧化镧的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将氧化镧溶于草酸中搅拌均匀后,加入石墨进行球磨,得到混悬液;
2)向步骤1)的混悬液加入二氧化硅,搅拌并升温至60~70℃,再加入硅烷偶联剂反应2~4h,然后过滤干燥即可。
优选地,所述氧化镧与所述草酸的质量之比为1:10~20,所述氧化镧与所述石墨的质量之比为1:0.2~0.8,所述氧化镧与所述二氧化硅的质量之比为1:1~1.5,所述二氧化硅与所述硅烷偶联剂的质量之比为15~20:1。
优选地,所述硅烷偶联剂为KH550或者KH560。
优选地,所述钇稳定氧化锆中的钇的含量为4~6mol%。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种防静电氧化锆陶瓷的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)按照配比称取钇稳定氧化锆、氧化铝、氧化镁、二氧化钛、改性氧化镧及氧化铬,然后进行混合再进行砂磨,得到混合物;
2)向混合物中添加粘结剂,造粒,获得球状颗粒;
3)将步骤2)的球状颗粒至于模具中压制成型,再热压脱脂烧结,然后冷却至室温即可。
优选地,步骤3)中,热压脱脂烧结的烧结条件为:烧结温度为500℃~1300℃;升温速率为2℃/min~6℃/min;烧结压力为20MPa~35MPa;保温保压时间为2h~6h。
优选地,步骤3)中,烧结环境为真空环境或惰性气体气氛环境。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明的采用主要由氧化镧、石墨与二氧化硅制备得到改性氧化镧可以很好提高陶瓷的防静电性能,另外耐摩擦性能也得到提高,断裂韧性也非常的好。在电子陶瓷、功能陶瓷、生物陶瓷领域和刀具、工具领域中具有较好的应用前景。
具体实施方式
实施例1
改性氧化镧的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将氧化镧溶于草酸中搅拌均匀后,加入石墨进行球磨,得到混悬液;
2)向步骤1)的混悬液加入二氧化硅,搅拌并升温至60℃,再加入KH560反应4h,然后过滤干燥即可。氧化镧与草酸的质量之比为1:10,氧化镧与石墨的质量之比为1:0.8,氧化镧与二氧化硅的质量之比为1:1,二氧化硅与KH560的质量之比为15:1。
实施例2
改性氧化镧的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将氧化镧溶于草酸中搅拌均匀后,加入石墨进行球磨,得到混悬液;
2)向步骤1)的混悬液加入二氧化硅,搅拌并升温至70℃,再加入KH550反应2h,然后过滤干燥即可。氧化镧与草酸的质量之比为1:20,氧化镧与石墨的质量之比为1:0.2,氧化镧与二氧化硅的质量之比为1:1.5,二氧化硅与KH550的质量之比为20:1。
实施例3
一种防静电氧化锆陶瓷,按照重量份数计算,包括以下原料:
钇稳定氧化锆70份、氧化铝6份、氧化镁4份、二氧化钛2份、实施例1的改性氧化镧10份及氧化铬4份。
防静电氧化锆陶瓷的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)按照配比称取钇稳定氧化锆、氧化铝、氧化镁、二氧化钛、实施例1的改性氧化镧及氧化铬,然后进行混合再进行砂磨,得到混合物;
2)向混合物中添加0.5wt%聚乙烯醇溶液,造粒,获得球状颗粒;
3)将步骤2)的球状颗粒至于模具中压制成型,再热压脱脂烧结,然后冷却至室温即可。热压脱脂烧结的烧结条件为:烧结温度为500℃;升温速率为2℃/min;烧结压力为20MPa;保温保压时间为6h。烧结环境为惰性气体气氛环境。
经综合测试:
1、此防静电陶瓷制品维氏硬度HRA为90,在600℃长期连续使用半年,表面没出现凹凸不平等磨损现象。
2、将此防静电陶瓷制品放在浓硫酸(浓度98%)中浸泡48小时,没出现掉渣现象。
实施例4
一种防静电氧化锆陶瓷,按照重量份数计算,包括以下原料:
钇稳定氧化锆60份、氧化铝10份、氧化镁2份、二氧化钛3份、实施例2的改性氧化镧6份及氧化铬3份。
防静电氧化锆陶瓷的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)按照配比称取钇稳定氧化锆、氧化铝、氧化镁、二氧化钛、实施例2的改性氧化镧及氧化铬,然后进行混合再进行砂磨,得到混合物;
2)向混合物中添加0.5wt%聚乙烯醇溶液,造粒,获得球状颗粒;
3)将步骤2)的球状颗粒至于模具中压制成型,再热压脱脂烧结,然后冷却至室温即可。热压脱脂烧结的烧结条件为:烧结温度为1000℃;升温速率为6℃/min;烧结压力为35MPa;保温保压时间为2h。烧结环境为真空环境。
经综合测试:
1、此防静电陶瓷制品维氏硬度HRA为90,在600℃长期连续使用半年,表面没出现凹凸不平等磨损现象。
2、将此防静电陶瓷制品放在浓硫酸(浓度98%)中浸泡48小时,没出现掉渣现象。
实施例5
一种防静电氧化锆陶瓷,按照重量份数计算,包括以下原料:
钇稳定氧化锆80份、氧化铝5份、氧化镁6份、二氧化钛1份、实施例1的改性氧化镧12份及氧化铬6份。
防静电氧化锆陶瓷的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)按照配比称取钇稳定氧化锆、氧化铝、氧化镁、二氧化钛、实施例1的改性氧化镧及氧化铬,然后进行混合再进行砂磨,得到混合物;
2)向混合物中添加0.5wt%聚乙烯醇溶液,造粒,获得球状颗粒;
3)将步骤2)的球状颗粒至于模具中压制成型,再热压脱脂烧结,然后冷却至室温即可。热压脱脂烧结的烧结条件为:烧结温度为1300℃;升温速率为4℃/min;烧结压力为25MPa;保温保压时间为4h。烧结环境为真空环境。
经综合测试:
1、此防静电陶瓷制品维氏硬度HRA为90,在600℃长期连续使用半年,表面没出现凹凸不平等磨损现象。
2、将此防静电陶瓷制品放在浓硫酸(浓度98%)中浸泡48小时,没出现掉渣现象。
试验例
将实施例3-5的防静电陶瓷制品测量电阻率,各实施例的产品的电阻率均大于等于1×104Ω·cm但小于1×1011Ω·cm的,具有防静电效果。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种防静电氧化锆陶瓷,其特征在于,按照重量份数计算,包括以下原料:
钇稳定氧化锆60~80份、氧化铝5~10份、氧化镁2~6份、二氧化钛1~3份、改性氧化镧6~12份及氧化铬3~6份;所述改性氧化镧主要由氧化镧、石墨与二氧化硅制备得到。
2.根据权利要求1所述的防静电氧化锆陶瓷,其特征在于,所述改性氧化镧的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将氧化镧溶于草酸中搅拌均匀后,加入石墨进行球磨,得到混悬液;
2)向步骤1)的混悬液加入二氧化硅,搅拌并升温至60~70℃,再加入硅烷偶联剂反应2~4h,然后过滤干燥即可。
3.根据权利要求2所述的防静电氧化锆陶瓷,其特征在于,所述氧化镧与所述草酸的质量之比为1:10~20,所述氧化镧与所述石墨的质量之比为1:0.2~0.8,所述氧化镧与所述二氧化硅的质量之比为1:1~1.5,所述二氧化硅与所述硅烷偶联剂的质量之比为15~20:1。
4.根据权利要求2所述的防静电氧化锆陶瓷,其特征在于,所述硅烷偶联剂为KH550或者KH560。
5.根据权利要求1所述的防静电氧化锆陶瓷,其特征在于,所述钇稳定氧化锆中的钇的含量为4~6mol%。
6.如权利要求1所述的防静电氧化锆陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)按照配比称取钇稳定氧化锆、氧化铝、氧化镁、二氧化钛、改性氧化镧及氧化铬,然后进行混合再进行砂磨,得到混合物;
2)向混合物中添加粘结剂,造粒,获得球状颗粒;
3)将步骤2)的球状颗粒至于模具中压制成型,再热压脱脂烧结,然后冷却至室温即可。
7.根据权利要求6所述的防静电氧化锆陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤3)中,热压脱脂烧结的烧结条件为:烧结温度为500℃~1300℃;升温速率为2℃/min~6℃/min;烧结压力为20MPa~35MPa;保温保压时间为2h~6h。
8.根据权利要求6所述的防静电氧化锆陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤3)中,烧结环境为真空环境或惰性气体气氛环境。
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