CN108821437A - A kind of Ecological pyramid and application for administering eutrophic water body - Google Patents

A kind of Ecological pyramid and application for administering eutrophic water body Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108821437A
CN108821437A CN201810521130.8A CN201810521130A CN108821437A CN 108821437 A CN108821437 A CN 108821437A CN 201810521130 A CN201810521130 A CN 201810521130A CN 108821437 A CN108821437 A CN 108821437A
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water
filter tank
monomer
water inlet
administering
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CN108821437B (en
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许炉生
郑任飞
蔡昊吉
倪冰鸿
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/007Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds

Abstract

The Ecological pyramid and application that the invention discloses a kind of for administering eutrophic water body, it is broadcast in each filter tank monomer and grows benthic mollusc, it is pumped into using eutrophic water body as water inlet from water inlet, water inlet is flowed into each filter tank monomer by the hole for water spraying of water inlet pipe, then the water in the monomer of filter tank is being flow in water containing pool after filtering medium layer from the overflow weir of each filter tank monomer, the benthic mollusc in each filter tank monomer is harvested from harvesting mouth and adds new benthic mollusc, detect water quality in water containing pool, when chlorophyll-a concentration is less than 10 μ g/L, qualified discharge, otherwise Ecological pyramid is pumped into as water inlet again.The placement of Ecological pyramid of the present invention is easy, number of plies assembling is flexible, can both install in the bank immobilization in pond, river, can also use the mobile processing in lake region of boat-carrying mode, facilitate harvesting.Under the conditions of land used is nervous bracket, it can be added to highest 10~15 layers, efficiently use space, maximize processing capacity.

Description

A kind of Ecological pyramid and application for administering eutrophic water body
(1) technical field
The Ecological pyramid and application that the present invention relates to a kind of for administering eutrophic water body.
(2) background technique
Since summer sunshine is strong, surface water body (river, pond, lake etc.) algae excessive propagation of eutrophication, one The food chain of serial heterotrophic organism also rapidly develops therewith, and water body epiplankton density is excessively high, and ecology is active, and oxygen consumption is significantly Increase.And water bottom then in default of illumination, dissolved oxygen and it is gradually anaerobic, benthon is dead.Benthon is water body The important link of ecological material circulation, the algae of heavy water type is the important sources that water body photosynthesis produces oxygen, and zoobenthos, such as Spiral shell, freshwater mussel, shellfish etc. are food with planktonic organism, are the important algae consumer organisms except filter-feeding fish (silver carp, flathead etc.).Water body bottom Portion's dissolved oxygen reduces, and benthon living environment deteriorates, and biomass is reduced, and organic matter conversion capability, which will weaken, even to disappear. Chen Yuxia etc. reviewed benthic mollusc in 2010 to the importance of water environment ecology, and had collected and manually reseed bottom and dwell life Studies in China that object repairs water ecology and using status.
Therefore, eutrophication water body water quality deteriorates smelly problem core, is water body organism in suitable temperature, nitrogen phosphorus Under the integrated condition that equal plant nutrients content is high, illumination is strong, output is greatly increased.And water surface ecology enliven, It instead results in benthic living environment to deteriorate, the ability of water body organism conversion is suppressed, or destroys completely.Water body The organic matter of surface layer synthesis cannot be converted effectively, be deposited on water bottom serious accumulation, corruption, water ecology is by whole Serious destruction on body.
It dwells the insufficient situation of bioactivity for water eutrophication state bottom, forefathers propose many improved technology sides Case.Such as leaf army, Liu Lusan, Henan propose artificial mend and educate benthic mollusc or submerged plant and bottom software of dwelling is dynamic The ecological recovery scheme that object combines.But these technical solutions are all that in-situ immobilization is carried out in water body, by water body natural conditions Limitation, especially benthic mollusc stand density limitation, on limited riverbed, lakebed area, growth bottom dwell Biological total amount is limited, to limit the biomass manually launched.And the water body for being in thanks to oxygen condition, then people Work dispensing benthon is not only nonsensical, and death rots also be further exacerbated by water pollution.
(3) summary of the invention
The Ecological pyramid and application that it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of for administering eutrophic water body, dwell soft in conjunction with filter bed and bottom The dystopy processing scheme that body biological cultivation combines, reduction algal grown, artificial setting benthic mollusc living environment, restores With reinforcing water body organism conversion capability, two aspects work simultaneously, solve algae and planktonic organism mistake in eutrophic water body The problem of degree accumulation.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
The present invention provide it is a kind of for administering the Ecological pyramid of eutrophic water body, the Ecological pyramid include filter tank, water containing pool and Water inlet pipe;The filter tank is placed in water containing pool, and the water containing pool is equipped with water inlet and discharge outlet;The filter tank is by several filter tanks Monomer to it is lower and on be formed by stacking and (form shading environment in the monomer of filter tank, photosynthetic generation is reduced or avoided), each filter Pond monomer bottom end side is equipped with the harvesting mouth and drain valve of with closure, and edge is equipped with overflow weir (preferably three on each filter tank monomer Angle weir), the overflow weir is equipped with filtering medium layer in filter tank monomer inner wall;The water inlet pipe is through filter tank and single with each filter tank Body is tightly connected, and the water inlet tube end passes through pipeline connection with the water inlet for being equipped with intake pump, and the water inlet pipe is equipped with water spray Hole, the hole for water spraying number are incremented by from the bottom to top.
Further, it is equipped with solar energy electroplax with Ecological pyramid plane of illumination at the top of the Ecological pyramid, for the supply water pump that generates electricity.
Further, the filter tank by 3~15 filter tank monomers to it is lower and on be formed by stacking.
Further, each filter tank monomer overflow weir notch area matches with this layer of filter tank monomer water spray hole area, Using hole for water spraying lowest part as boundary, overflow notch is not higher than hole for water spraying lowest part, and it is 8~10 that the hole for water spraying, which is incremented by amplitude,.
From the bottom up, kinetic energy is converted into gravitional force 0.5mv to water flow2=mgh.
Totally 8 layers of Ecological pyramid, the water flow velocity sprayed in most the lower layer of hole for water spraying is 6m/s, and hole count is 20, from the bottom up The water discharge speed of each layer hole for water spraying is respectively v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8
Most the lower layer of and one layer of the top hole for water spraying height difference is 0.2* (8-1)=1.4m, according to formula 0.5mv2= Mgh, kinetic energy rejection mgh=m*9.8*1.4=13.72m obtain 0.5 (v1 2-v8 2)=13.72, v1=6m/s, obtains v8= 2.9m/s。
V can similarly be obtained7=3.5m/s, v6=4.0m/s, v5=4.5m/s, v4=4.9m/s, v3=5.3m/s, v2= 5.7m/s。
Single layer amount of water sprayed Q=S (every layer of hole for water spraying gross area) * v (every layer of hole for water spraying goes out water speed) * t (water spraying time)
Since each hole for water spraying aperture is identical, every layer of water spray total amount is almost the same, thus every layer of hole for water spraying goes out water speed Degree is inversely proportional with every layer of water spray hole count, in conjunction with the compensation to water kinetic energy in line loss, every layer of hole for water spraying reasonable quantity increase.Cause The quantity of this each layer hole for water spraying is followed successively by n from the bottom up1=20, n2=22, n3=23, n4=25, n5=27, n6=32, n7= 35, n8=42.
Further, the filtering medium layer be sponge or filter cloth, including natural sponge, foamed cotton, sizing cotton, rubber cotton, The filter cloth type filtering material of the materials such as memory sponge, terylene, polypropylene fibre, polyamide fibre, polyvinyl, cotton;Sand core filtrate, the filtering medium layer It is covered on the inner wall of filter tank monomer overflow weir, width is greater than overflow weir cut height.
Further, the tank depth that is filled with water is lower than the depth of filter tank monomer.
Further, monomer depth in filter tank is 8-10cm.
The present invention also provides the application method of the Ecological pyramid described in one kind for administering eutrophic water body, the method is: Broadcast in each filter tank monomer and grow benthic mollusc, be pumped into eutrophic water body as water inlet from water inlet, water inlet by into The hole for water spraying of water pipe flows into each filter tank monomer, then the water in the monomer of filter tank after filtering medium layer from each filter tank The overflow weir of monomer is flow in water containing pool, is harvested the benthic mollusc in each filter tank monomer from harvesting mouth and is added new bottom Dwell mollusk, detects water quality in water containing pool, when chlorophyll-a concentration is less than 10 μ g/L, qualified discharge, otherwise again as water inlet It is pumped into Ecological pyramid.
Further, the benthic mollusc is fresh water shellfish, including yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water, algivorous insect, shore spiral shell, apple spiral shell etc. Eat algae spiral shell;The fish such as flower silver carp, black line flying fox;Cray etc..
Area is cultivated by multiple-layer stacked increase, is common technological means in aquaculture, such as Jiangxi Province's aquatic science Research institute just proposes a kind of for cultivating the cage device of Corbicula fluminea.But the device is still hung in natural water body, cage Water body depths is immersed in lower part, is only applicable to cleaning water body.For losing the eutrophication water of oxygen, deepwater regions are not appropriate for software Animal survival.
Existing method is improvement in situ, i.e., aquatile is added in eutrophication water and carries out biological treating etc..It is existing Method, which can only treat the symptoms, to effect a permanent cure, even if because the aquatile being added in eutrophication water eliminates algae, but by nitrogen The cycling of elements such as phosphorus are for itself biomass.If these aquatiles being caught or being removed not in time (and it is general and Speech, manager lack this step), nitrogen P elements return in water body from organism again after aquatile death is rotted, This raising for leading to Water phosphorus concentration again.
And the water of eutrophication water is transferred to dress using the method that dystopy is administered by the mode that the present invention is implemented In setting, the algae being trapped is consumed by the weed eater in device, is translated into the biomass of itself.Then by collecting Weed eater in device achievees the purpose that remove the nitrogen P elements in water body.In addition, can after weed eater harvest of the invention As nursing birds, amphibian etc., or stereo ecological wetland park is constructed, is birds, amphibious by its feedback natural environment The sharply decline of the current ecological environment such as animal provides a substitute raw material.Thus constitute ecological closed loop.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is mainly reflected in:Filter tank monomer of the present invention using center water inlet tube, Peripheral overflow water outlet, the physics mode of filtering retention goes algae, zooplankter in water removal etc. before spoke stream precipitating, water outlet.It cuts The algae stayed carries out ecological conversion by the bottom cultivated software biology of dwelling in disk, and the bottom of harvest software biology of dwelling has economic valence Value realizes the resource utilization of the algae of eutrophication water hyper-proliferative.It is well known that being suitable in nutrition, temperature, illumination Under conditions of, the proliferation of algae is index growth pattern.Surface water is aspirated into filter tank, is in time cut the algae physics of proliferation It stays, by the algae density domination in surface water in lower concentration, the alga eruption proliferation phenomenon in surface water body can be eliminated. And it is trapped in the algae in filter tank, due to the superimposed shading in monomer filter tank, light environment is had left, is no longer proliferated.Filter tank monomer The depth of water is in 8~10cm, even if having retained the algae of higher concentration, planktonic organism, and photosynthesis stops later respiration more It is strong and lead to thanks to oxygen, it can also be easier to be oxygenated by the flowing of water and the diffusion of oxygen concentration difference, guarantee that bottom software of dwelling is raw The oxygen supply of object.Low illumination, without bait rich contents such as natural enemy, the suitable, algae of artificial water velocity, give benthic mollusc to create Good living environment, biomass conversion ability can be played effectively.The superposition of several filter tank monomers, is combined into multilayer Ecological pyramid only takes up a small amount of land used, additionally provides more times or more than ten times of mollusk cultured area, breaches natural water body The relatively-stationary limitation of floor space.The placement of the biological tower is easy, number of plies assembling is flexible, both can be in pond, the bank in river Immobilization installation, can also the mobile processing in lake region with boat-carrying mode.In the case where area is loose, 3~5 layers can be used Superposition, facilitate harvesting.Under the conditions of land used is nervous bracket, it can be added to highest 10~15 layers, efficiently use space, Maximize processing capacity.
(4) Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the present invention for administering the Ecological pyramid schematic diagram of eutrophic water body;1- solar energy electroplax, the filter tank 2-, 3- into The mouth of a river, 4- discharge outlet.
Fig. 2 be filter tank monomer schematic diagram, 5- water inlet pipe, 6- filter medium, 7- overflow weir, 8- drain valve, 9- hole for water spraying, 10- thief hatch.
(5) specific embodiment
The present invention is described further combined with specific embodiments below, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited in This:
Embodiment 1
- Fig. 2 referring to Fig.1, the Ecological pyramid that the present invention is used to administer eutrophic water body includes filter tank 2, water containing pool 11 and water inlet Pipe 5;The filter tank is placed in water containing pool, and the water containing pool is equipped with water inlet 3 and discharge outlet 4;The filter tank is by 8 filter tank monomers To it is lower and on be formed by stacking and formed shading environment, each filter tank monomer bottom end side is equipped with harvesting mouth 10 and the row of with closure Water valve 8, along overflow triangular-notch weir 7 is equipped on each filter tank monomer, the overflow triangular-notch weir is equipped with filtering in filter tank monomer inner wall and is situated between Matter layer 6;The water inlet pipe is tightly connected through filter tank and with each filter tank monomer, the water inlet tube end be equipped with intake pump Water inlet 3 is equipped with hole for water spraying 9 by pipeline connection, the water inlet pipe 5, and the hole for water spraying number is incremented by from the bottom to top.
From the bottom up, kinetic energy is converted into gravitional force 0.5mv to water flow2=mgh.
Totally 8 layers of Ecological pyramid, the water flow velocity sprayed in most the lower layer of hole for water spraying is 6m/s, and hole count is 20, from the bottom up The water discharge speed of each layer hole for water spraying is respectively v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8
Most the lower layer of and one layer of the top hole for water spraying height difference is 0.2* (8-1)=1.4m, according to formula 0.5mv2= Mgh, kinetic energy rejection mgh=m*9.8*1.4=13.72m obtain 0.5 (v1 2-v8 2)=13.72, v1=6m/s, obtains v8= 2.9m/s。
V can similarly be obtained7=3.5m/s, v6=4.0m/s, v5=4.5m/s, v4=4.9m/s, v3=5.3m/s, v2= 5.7m/s。
Single layer amount of water sprayed Q=S (every layer of hole for water spraying gross area) * v (every layer of hole for water spraying goes out water speed) * t (water spraying time)
Since each hole for water spraying aperture is identical, every layer of water spray total amount is almost the same, thus every layer of hole for water spraying goes out water speed Degree is inversely proportional with every layer of water spray hole count, in conjunction with the compensation to water kinetic energy in line loss, every layer of hole for water spraying reasonable quantity increase.Cause The quantity of this each layer hole for water spraying is followed successively by n from the bottom up1=20, n2=22, n3=23, n4=25, n5=27, n6=32, n7= 35, n8=42.
At the top of the Ecological pyramid and Ecological pyramid plane of illumination is equipped with solar energy electroplax 1 for the supply intake pump that generates electricity.The mistake Filter medium is sponge, and the filter medium is covered on the inner wall of filter tank monomer overflow weir, and width is greater than overflow weir cut height.
It is broadcast in each filter tank monomer and grows 6000 pieces of yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water, monomer cultured area is 12m2, will be enriched in algae water conduct Water inlet is pumped into from water inlet, and handling water day is 80m3, intake and flowed into each filter tank monomer by the hole for water spraying of water inlet pipe, so The water in the monomer of filter tank is flow in water containing pool after the filtering medium layer by each filter tank monomer from overflow weir afterwards, every 10 days from Harvesting mouth harvests yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water in each filter tank monomer and adds new yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water (to filter tank after autumn high temperature past and Ecological pyramid stoppage in transit In all yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water harvested), detect water quality in water containing pool, when chlorophyll-a concentration is less than 10 μ g/L, qualified discharge, otherwise Ecological pyramid is pumped into as water inlet again.
For yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water except algae ability has carried out preliminary test, the algae being rich in water inlet is that the yellow unique food of a species of small clam living in fresh water comes for this experiment Source.This experiment characterizes algae concentration with chlorophyll-a concentration, chlorophyll-a concentration chla 68.6ug/L of intaking, water outlet Chla6.1ug/L, Physical entrapment rate 91.1% of the sponge used to algae.Experiment has carried out small-scale cultivation, water for yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water Yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water cultured area is 600cm in processing module2, handling water day is 50L, after cultivating 28 with this condition, 40 pieces of yellow a species of small clam living in fresh waters 30 pieces of survival, survival rate 75%.Binding experiment data, this experiment Huang a species of small clam living in fresh water are for the biological treatment capabilities of algae 22.05ugchla/ (g Huang a species of small clam living in fresh water * days).Show that experiment water treatment zone Huang a species of small clam living in fresh water is suitable for 400~500 pieces of Huangs of cultivation density according to experiment A species of small clam living in fresh water/m2, with this analogy, 31000~39000ugchla/ of the processing capacity (m of the processing unit of unit area for algae2Processing Unit * days).The processing unit of unit area is for the processing capacity of the eutrophication landscape sewage of similar algae concentration 0.84m3Sewage/(m2Processing unit * days).

Claims (10)

1. a kind of for administering the Ecological pyramid of eutrophic water body, it is characterised in that the Ecological pyramid include filter tank, water containing pool and into Water pipe;The filter tank is placed in water containing pool, and the water containing pool is equipped with water inlet and discharge outlet;The filter tank is by several filter tanks list Body to it is lower and on be formed by stacking, each filter tank monomer bottom end side be equipped with closure harvesting mouth and drain valve, each filter tank Along overflow weir is equipped on monomer, the overflow weir is equipped with filtering medium layer in filter tank monomer inner wall;The water inlet pipe runs through filter tank And be tightly connected with each filter tank monomer, the water inlet tube end passes through pipeline connection with the water inlet for being equipped with intake pump, described Water inlet pipe is equipped with hole for water spraying, and the hole for water spraying number is incremented by from the bottom to top.
2. as described in claim 1 for administering the Ecological pyramid of eutrophic water body, it is characterised in that at the top of the Ecological pyramid and raw State tower plane of illumination is equipped with solar energy electroplax.
3. as described in claim 1 for administering the Ecological pyramid of eutrophic water body, it is characterised in that filtered by 3~15 in the filter tank Pond monomer to it is lower and on be formed by stacking.
4. as described in claim 1 for administering the Ecological pyramid of eutrophic water body, it is characterised in that each filter tank monomer overflows Stream weir notch area matches with this layer of filter tank monomer water spray hole area.
5. as claimed in claim 4 for administering the Ecological pyramid of eutrophic water body, it is characterised in that the hole for water spraying is incremented by amplitude It is 8~10.
6. as described in claim 1 for administering the Ecological pyramid of eutrophic water body, it is characterised in that the filtering medium layer is sea Continuous or filter cloth.
7. as described in claim 1 for administering the Ecological pyramid of eutrophic water body, it is characterised in that the tank depth that is filled with water is lower than The depth of filter tank monomer, water containing pool diameter are greater than filter tank monomer diameter.
8. as described in claim 1 for administering the Ecological pyramid of eutrophic water body, it is characterised in that filter tank monomer depth is 8- 10cm。
9. for administering the application method of the Ecological pyramid of eutrophic water body described in a kind of claim 1, it is characterised in that the side Method is:It is broadcast in each filter tank monomer and grows benthic mollusc, be pumped into using eutrophic water body as water inlet from water inlet, water inlet is logical The hole for water spraying for crossing water inlet pipe flows into each filter tank monomer, and then the water in the monomer of filter tank is again from the overflow weir of each filter tank monomer It is flow in water containing pool after spilling, harvests the benthic mollusc in each filter tank monomer from harvesting mouth and add new bottom and dwell software Animal detects water quality in water containing pool, and when chlorophyll-a concentration is less than 10 μ g/L, otherwise qualified discharge is pumped into life as water inlet again State tower.
10. application as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that the benthic mollusc is fresh water shellfish.
CN201810521130.8A 2018-05-28 2018-05-28 Ecological tower for treating eutrophic water and application Active CN108821437B (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201746390U (en) * 2010-07-23 2011-02-16 浙江省淡水水产研究所 Powerless aquaculture water quality improving cage utilizing loaches, water hyacinths and microorganisms
CN102040282A (en) * 2009-10-16 2011-05-04 上海能正渔业科技开发有限公司 Alga control method for freshwater environment based on cultivation of barracudas and mullets
CN102674558A (en) * 2012-06-07 2012-09-19 湖南大学 Integrated type ecological floating bed and water body ecological system repairing technology thereof
CN104030518A (en) * 2014-02-28 2014-09-10 天下光捕(武汉)生态科技有限公司 Large-scale photon capture bioreactor for water purification and operating method thereof
KR20170045707A (en) * 2015-10-19 2017-04-27 강윤수 A treatment method of concentrated waste water oder using soilmicrobes population

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102040282A (en) * 2009-10-16 2011-05-04 上海能正渔业科技开发有限公司 Alga control method for freshwater environment based on cultivation of barracudas and mullets
CN201746390U (en) * 2010-07-23 2011-02-16 浙江省淡水水产研究所 Powerless aquaculture water quality improving cage utilizing loaches, water hyacinths and microorganisms
CN102674558A (en) * 2012-06-07 2012-09-19 湖南大学 Integrated type ecological floating bed and water body ecological system repairing technology thereof
CN104030518A (en) * 2014-02-28 2014-09-10 天下光捕(武汉)生态科技有限公司 Large-scale photon capture bioreactor for water purification and operating method thereof
KR20170045707A (en) * 2015-10-19 2017-04-27 강윤수 A treatment method of concentrated waste water oder using soilmicrobes population

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