CN108808035A - The dynamical system for the fuel cell car that energy ultra-low temperature cold starts - Google Patents
The dynamical system for the fuel cell car that energy ultra-low temperature cold starts Download PDFInfo
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- CN108808035A CN108808035A CN201810697271.5A CN201810697271A CN108808035A CN 108808035 A CN108808035 A CN 108808035A CN 201810697271 A CN201810697271 A CN 201810697271A CN 108808035 A CN108808035 A CN 108808035A
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- hydrogen
- air
- power generation
- cryogen
- proton exchange
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 238000005183 dynamical system Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 257
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 243
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 243
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 138
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011176 pooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 108091006146 Channels Proteins 0.000 description 52
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 102000010637 Aquaporins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010063290 Aquaporins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010030973 Oral discomfort Diseases 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019628 coolness Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005619 thermoelectricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000476 thermogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of dynamical systems for the fuel cell car that energy ultra-low temperature cold starts, including：Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and lithium battery, the feed end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is connected with power generation hydrogen inlet manifold, power generation air input pipe, power generation hydrogen inlet manifold is connected with hydrogen cylinder, power generation air input pipe is connected with air compressor machine, it is provided with refrigerant cycle pipe between the feed end and discharge end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, the discharge end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is connected with air off gas pipe, hydrogen circulation pipe, the outer comb of condensed water, heat flue gas leading, several heating units are provided in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, each heating unit is arranged between adjacent pair monocell, it is provided with exhaust gas insulating tube outside lithium battery, heating flue gas leading is connected with the input terminal of exhaust gas insulating tube.The advantage of the invention is that：It can start under condition of ultralow temperature, the amounts of hydrogen of its consumption is few when cold start-up, and the cold start-up time is short, and stability is good when running.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells automobile technical fields, and in particular to Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells vapour
The dynamical system of vehicle.
Background technology
Using hydrogen and oxygen it is that raw material is electrochemically reacted and generates water, together since Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is a kind of
When chemical energy is converted to the electrochemical generating unit of electric energy, have cleaning, efficiently, energy conservation and environmental protection, energy transformation ratio height etc.
Feature, therefore automobile is more widely used in by increasingly.
The dynamical system of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells automobile, including：Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and lithium battery, wherein
The both ends of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells are respectively feed end and discharge end, and the feed end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is connected with
Power generation hydrogen inlet manifold with power generation hydrogen solenoid valve, with the power generation air input pipe of power generation air solenoid valve, the hydrogen that generates electricity is defeated
Enter pipe by hydrogen input manifold to be connected with hydrogen cylinder, power generation air input pipe inputs manifold by air and with air compressor machine is connected
It is logical, the cryogen with refrigerant cycle pump and cryogen solenoid valve is provided between the feed end and discharge end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
The discharge end of circulation pipe, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is connected with the outer comb of air off gas pipe, hydrogen circulation pipe, condensed water.Institute
The structure for the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells stated includes mainly：A pair of end plate has been arranged in series several monocells between end plate.Electricity
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is main power source in cell system, and lithium battery is auxiliary power source.When automobile needs are high-power defeated
When going out, lithium battery is worked together with Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, and Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells can will be conveyed to lithium electricity in shop
Pond.
Dynamical system in current Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells automobile has the following defects：One, due to chemical reaction
The water of generation can remain in inside Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, in low temperature environment below freezing, pem fuel
The liquid water of inside battery can freeze, and the reaction heat that Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells generates when starting is not enough to dissolving ice,
This just impacts the startup of entire battery system, in severe low temperature environment battery operation system it is possible that starting slow
Slowly the problems such as, difficulty in starting or startup fail.Two, when environment temperature is below the freezing point temperature, the efficiency of lithium battery is greatly reduced,
Electric quantity of lithium battery will be less than Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and start required energy.Three, under low temperature environment below freezing, lithium
Battery can substantially consume the electricity of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, to cause the mileage travelled of automobile to greatly shorten.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is：A kind of dynamical system for the fuel cell car that energy ultra-low temperature cold starts is provided.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：The fuel cell car that energy ultra-low temperature cold starts
Dynamical system, including：The both ends of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and lithium battery, the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells are respectively
The feed end of feed end and discharge end, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is connected with the power generation hydrogen input with power generation hydrogen solenoid valve
Pipe, the power generation air input pipe with power generation air solenoid valve, power generation hydrogen inlet manifold input manifold and hydrogen cylinder phase by hydrogen
Connection, power generation air input pipe input manifold by air and are connected with air compressor machine, the feed end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
The refrigerant cycle pipe with refrigerant cycle pump and cryogen solenoid valve is provided between discharge end, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells goes out
Material end is connected with the outer comb of air off gas pipe, hydrogen circulation pipe, condensed water；The discharge end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is also connected with
There are the heating flue gas leading with waste gas pump, the structure of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells to include：A pair of end plate, a pair of end plate it
Between be provided with several monocells for being serially connected setting and several heating units, each heating unit is arranged at adjacent
Between a pair of of monocell, the collecting and distributing chamber of air, collection chamber, the collecting and distributing chamber of hydrogen, several air streams are both provided in each heating unit
The input end of road and several hydrogen runners, air flow channel is connected with the collecting and distributing chamber of air, the outlet end of air flow channel with
Collection chamber is connected, and air flow channel is corresponded with hydrogen runner, and the collecting and distributing chamber of the equal hydrogen of input end of hydrogen runner is connected, often
The port being connected with corresponding hydrogen runner, the hydrogen in every hydrogen runner are offered on the flow path wall of air flow channel
It can be entered to by port in corresponding air flow channel, igniter is both provided at the port in every air flow channel；
The collecting and distributing chamber of air of each heating unit is connected with warmed up air passage, warmed up air passage with heating air electromagnetism
The heating air inlet duct of valve is connected, and heating air inlet duct is connected with air input manifold；The hydrogen of each heating unit
The collecting and distributing chamber of gas is connected with heating hydrogen paths, and heating hydrogen paths are inputted with the heating hydrogen with heating hydrogen solenoid valve
Pipe is connected, and heating hydrogen inlet manifold is connected with hydrogen input manifold；The collection chamber of each heating unit is and exhaust passage
It is connected with drainage channel, the exhaust passage is connected with heating flue gas leading, and the drainage channel is arranged with outside condensed water
Pipe is connected；Exhaust gas insulating tube, the input terminal of the heating flue gas leading and exhaust gas insulating tube are provided with outside the lithium battery
It is connected, the output end of exhaust gas insulating tube is connected with heating air desorption tube.
Further, the dynamical system for the fuel cell car that energy ultra-low temperature cold above-mentioned starts, wherein power generation air is defeated
Enter and be provided with humidifier on pipe, air desorption tube is provided on humidifier, the air off gas pipe is connected to humidifier, proton
After the hydrogen humidification that the air off gas that exchange film fuel battery power generation generates enters through air off gas pipe in humidifier to power generation
It is discharged from air desorption tube；Hydrogen gas circulating pump is provided on hydrogen circulation pipe, hydrogen circulation pipe is connected to power generation hydrogen input
Pipe, the remaining hydrogen of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells power generation is entered to through hydrogen circulation pipe in power generation hydrogen inlet manifold, to give
The hydrogen of power generation is humidified；It is additionally provided with radiator and deionizer on refrigerant cycle pipe, cryogen is from proton exchange membrane
The discharge end output of fuel cell is back to Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells after radiator cooling and deionizer deionization
Feed end.
Further, the dynamical system for the fuel cell car that energy ultra-low temperature cold above-mentioned starts, wherein lithium-ion electric
Cryogen insulating tube, exhaust gas insulating tube and the spaced setting of cryogen insulating tube are additionally provided with outside pond；It is provided on refrigerant cycle pipe
Cryogen is in charge of, and cryogen, which is in charge of, to be provided with cryogen and be in charge of solenoid valve, and cryogen is in charge of to be connected with the input terminal of cryogen insulating tube, cold
The output end of agent insulating tube converges to refrigerant cycle pipe, and the cryogen exported in cryogen insulating tube enters in refrigerant cycle pipe successively
The feed end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is back to after radiator cooling and deionizer deionization.
Further, the dynamical system for the fuel cell car that energy ultra-low temperature cold above-mentioned starts, wherein handed in proton
The fuel cell thermocouple being provided with for monitoring Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells internal temperature is changed in membrane cell, in lithium electricity
The lithium battery thermocouple for monitoring lithium battery interior temperature, the fuel cell thermocouple and lithium battery heat are provided in pond
Galvanic couple communicates with system control module connect respectively.
Further, the dynamical system for the fuel cell car that energy ultra-low temperature cold above-mentioned starts, wherein power generation hydrogen
Solenoid valve, power generation air solenoid valve, refrigerant cycle pump, cryogen solenoid valve, hydrogen gas circulating pump, heating air solenoid valve, heating hydrogen
Pneumoelectric magnet valve, waste gas pump, cryogen are in charge of solenoid valve and communicate connection with system control module.
Further, the dynamical system for the fuel cell car that energy ultra-low temperature cold above-mentioned starts, wherein each heating is single
Member includes the cover board and burner plate for sealing against each other lid and closing fixed setting, and burner plate faces to be provided with inwardly in the plate face of cover board
Recessed heating reaction zone, heating reaction are divided into the collecting and distributing area of air, air conducting area, pooling zone, are arranged in air conducting area
There are several water conservancy diversion fins, water conservancy diversion fin that air conducting differentiation is divided into several air conducting slots, the input end of air conducting slot is equal
It is connected with the collecting and distributing area of air, the outlet end of air conducting slot is connected with pooling zone, the collecting and distributing chamber of hydrogen and several hydrogen streams
Road is arranged inside the plate body of burner plate, and hydrogen runner is corresponded with air conducting slot, the burning in every air conducting slot
Port is offered on plate, each port is connected with corresponding hydrogen runner, and the hydrogen in every hydrogen runner is equal
It can be entered to by port in corresponding air conducting slot；It is covered in cover board on burner plate and the collecting and distributing area of air, every
Air conducting slot and pooling zone are respectively formed the collecting and distributing chamber of air, several air flow channels and collection chamber；Each igniter is equal
Setting is on the cover board.
Further, the dynamical system for the fuel cell car that energy ultra-low temperature cold above-mentioned starts, wherein each heating
The collecting and distributing chamber of air of unit is located at the both sides position of burner plate upper end, and the collecting and distributing chamber of air and hydrogen with the collecting and distributing chamber of hydrogen
The collecting and distributing chamber of gas is respectively positioned on the top of collection chamber, and air flow channel is radially directed downwardly toward collection chamber, hydrogen from the collecting and distributing chamber of air
Runner is radially directed downwardly toward from the collecting and distributing chamber of hydrogen and is connected to port.
Further, the dynamical system for the fuel cell car that energy ultra-low temperature cold above-mentioned starts, wherein each burning
Mouth is respectively positioned on the bottom end of corresponding hydrogen runner, and all ports are flushed at the sustained height at position among the heating unit and set
It sets.
Further, the dynamical system for the fuel cell car that energy ultra-low temperature cold above-mentioned starts, wherein described adds
Hot-air channel is by penetrating through the air being opened on the cover board and burner plate of end plate, monocell and each heating unit respectively
Import corresponds to what connection was formed；The heating hydrogen paths be by penetrate through respectively be opened in end plate, monocell and it is each plus
The cover board of hot cell corresponds to the hydrogen inlet on burner plate and is connected to formation；The exhaust passage is opened up by penetrating through respectively
It is corresponded to the exhaust outlet on burner plate in the cover board of end plate, monocell and each heating unit and is connected to formation；The row
Aquaporin is by penetrating through the discharge outlet pair being opened on the cover board and burner plate of end plate, monocell and each heating unit respectively
It should be connected to be formed；Exhaust outlet and discharge outlet are located at the both sides position of each collection chamber, and exhaust outlet is arranged higher than discharge outlet, row
The mouth of a river is arranged in the bottom position of collection chamber.
Further, the dynamical system for the fuel cell car that energy ultra-low temperature cold above-mentioned starts, wherein end plate, list
Battery, each heating unit cover board and burner plate on respectively perforation offer power generation air import, cryogen import, power generation hydrogen
Gas import, power generation air outlet, cryogen outlet, power generation hydrogen outlet, all power generation air imports, cryogen import, power generation hydrogen
Import, power generation air outlet, cryogen outlet, power generation hydrogen outlet corresponds respectively be connected to be respectively formed power generation air into
Enter channel, cryogen enters channel, power generation hydrogen enters channel, power generation air flow pass, cryogen flow pass, power generation hydrogen stream
Go out channel；The power generation air input pipe enters channel with power generation air and is connected, and air enters through power generation air input pipe
Enter in channel to power generation air；The both ends of refrigerant cycle pipe enter channel with cryogen respectively and cryogen flow pass is connected,
Cryogen in refrigerant cycle pipe, which enters from cryogen in channel, to be entered, and is flowed out from cryogen flow pass；Air off gas pipe and power generation
Air flow pass is connected, and the air off gas that Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells power generation generates enters through power generation air flow pass
Into air off gas pipe；Power generation hydrogen inlet manifold enters channel and is connected with power generation hydrogen, hydrogen through power generation hydrogen inlet manifold into
Enter to power generation hydrogen and enters in channel；Hydrogen circulation pipe is connected with power generation hydrogen flow pass, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
The interior remaining hydrogen of power generation is entered to through the hydrogen flow pass that generates electricity in hydrogen circulation pipe.
The advantage of the invention is that：One, the dynamical system in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells automobile, can be at subzero 40 DEG C
To stablize under condition of ultralow temperature below, reliably starts, the amounts of hydrogen of its consumption is few when cold start-up, and the cold start-up time is short, to
Make battery system reliability service under severe low temperature environment.Two, it burns and generates when Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells cold start-up
Heating after air lithium battery is heated so that the temperature of lithium battery is improved, later pem fuel electricity
Cryogen when pond is run keeps the temperature lithium battery, this all makes the temperature of changing commanders of lithium battery be further enhanced, and can make
The temperature of lithium battery is maintained under required operating temperature, these can effectively avoid lithium battery from answering temperature too low and largely disappear
The case where electricity for consuming Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, occurs, and has thereby further ensured that the operation is stable of entire dynamical system
Property.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the operation principle signal of the dynamical system for the fuel cell car that energy ultra-low temperature cold of the present invention starts
Figure.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the main structure diagram of heating unit in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the assembly structure diagram of heating unit in Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of burner plate in Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the internal structure schematic diagram of burner plate in Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the mounting structure schematic diagram of igniter in Fig. 4 cover plates.
Fig. 8 is the arrangement schematic diagram of the exhaust gas insulating tube and cryogen insulating tube in Fig. 1 outside lithium battery.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in further detail with preferred embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, the dynamical system for the fuel cell car that energy ultra-low temperature cold starts, including：Pem fuel
Battery 400 and lithium battery 600.The both ends of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 400 are respectively feed end and discharge end.Proton exchange membrane
The feed end of fuel cell 400 is connected with the power generation hydrogen inlet manifold 402 with power generation hydrogen solenoid valve 401, band power generation air electricity
The power generation air input pipe 404 of magnet valve 403, power generation hydrogen inlet manifold 402 input manifold 405 and 406 phase of hydrogen cylinder by hydrogen
Connection, power generation air input pipe 404 input manifold 407 by air and are connected with air compressor machine 408.Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
The refrigerant cycle pipe 411 with refrigerant cycle pump 409 and cryogen solenoid valve 410, matter are provided between 400 feed end and discharge end
The discharge end of proton exchange film fuel cell 400 is connected with comb 413 outside air off gas pipe 412, hydrogen circulation pipe 419, condensed water.
Humidifier 416 is provided in the present embodiment on power generation air input pipe 404, air desorption tube 417 is provided on humidifier 416,
The air off gas pipe 412 is connected to humidifier 416, the air off gas that the power generation of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 400 generates by
Air off gas pipe 412 enters in humidifier 416 to being discharged from air desorption tube 417 after the air wetting of power generation.Described
Hydrogen gas circulating pump 418 is provided on hydrogen circulation pipe 419, hydrogen circulation pipe 419 is connected to power generation hydrogen inlet manifold 402, proton
Exchange film fuel battery 400 generate electricity remaining hydrogen through hydrogen circulation pipe 419 enter to power generation hydrogen inlet manifold 402 in, to
It is humidified to the hydrogen of power generation.In the present embodiment, the discharge end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 400 is also associated with band exhaust gas
The heating flue gas leading 415 of pump 414.It is provided with exhaust gas insulating tube 601, the heating flue gas leading 415 outside the lithium battery 600
It is connected with the input terminal of exhaust gas insulating tube 601, the output end of exhaust gas insulating tube 601 is connected with heating air desorption tube 602.
It is additionally provided with radiator 425 and deionizer 426 in the present embodiment on refrigerant cycle pipe 411, cryogen is from proton
The discharge end output of exchange film fuel battery 400 is back to proton after the cooling of radiator 425 and 426 deionization of deionizer
The feed end of exchange film fuel battery 400.
Cryogen insulating tube 603 is additionally provided with outside lithium ion battery 600 as shown in Figure 8, exhaust gas insulating tube 601 is kept the temperature with cryogen
603 spaced setting of pipe.It is provided with cryogen on refrigerant cycle pipe 411 and is in charge of 604, cryogen, which is in charge of on 604, is provided with cryogen point
Pipe solenoid valve 605, cryogen are in charge of 604 and are connected with the input terminal of cryogen insulating tube 603, and the output end of cryogen insulating tube 603 converges
Gather to refrigerant cycle pipe 411, the cryogen exported in cryogen insulating tube 603 enters in refrigerant cycle pipe 411 successively through radiator
The feed end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 400 is back to after 425 coolings and 426 deionization of deionizer.
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 7, the structure of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 400 includes：A pair of end plate 1, one
Several monocells 2 for being serially connected setting and several heating units 3 are provided between end plate 1.Each heating unit 3 is
It is arranged between adjacent pair monocell 2.In order to improve the uniformity of heating, heating unit 3 is fired in entire proton exchange membrane
It is evenly arranged in material battery 400.It is both provided with the collecting and distributing chamber 301 of air, collection chamber 302, the collecting and distributing chamber of hydrogen in each heating unit 3
303, several air flow channels 304 and several hydrogen runners 305.The input end of air flow channel 304 with collecting and distributing 301 phase of chamber of air
Connection, the outlet end of air flow channel 304 are connected with collection chamber 302, and air flow channel 304 is corresponded with hydrogen runner 305,
The collecting and distributing chamber of the equal hydrogen of input end of hydrogen runner 305 303 is connected, offered on the flow path wall of every air flow channel 304 with
The port 306 that hydrogen runner 305 is connected is corresponded to, the hydrogen in every hydrogen runner 305 can be entered by port 306
In to corresponding air flow channel 304, igniter 311 is both provided at the port 306 in every air flow channel 304.It is each to add
The collecting and distributing chamber of the air of hot cell 3 301 is connected with warmed up air passage 11, warmed up air passage 11 with heating air electricity
The heating air inlet duct 421 of magnet valve 420 is connected, and the heating air inlet duct 21 is connected with air input manifold 407
It is logical.The collecting and distributing chamber of the hydrogen of each heating unit 3 303 is connected with heating hydrogen paths 12, heats hydrogen paths 12 and carries
The heating hydrogen inlet manifold 423 of heating hydrogen solenoid valve 422 is connected, and heating hydrogen inlet manifold 423 inputs manifold 405 with hydrogen
It is connected.The collection chamber 302 of each heating unit 3 is connected with exhaust passage 13 and drainage channel 14, and the exhaust is logical
Road 13 is connected with heating flue gas leading 415, and the drainage channel 14 is connected with comb outside condensed water 413.Add to improve
The uniformity of heat, each port 306 is respectively positioned on the bottom end of corresponding hydrogen runner 305 in the present embodiment, and all ports 306 are equal
Setting is flushed at the sustained height at 3 intermediate position of heating unit.Air in warmed up air passage 11 passes through the collecting and distributing chamber of air
301 enter in air flow channels 304, this can make air be evenly distributed so that each air flow channel in the collecting and distributing chamber of air 301
Air mass flow in 304 is identical；The hydrogen heated in hydrogen paths 12 is entered by the collecting and distributing chamber 303 of hydrogen in hydrogen runner 305,
This can make hydrogen be evenly distributed in the collecting and distributing chamber of hydrogen 303, so that the hydrogen flowing quantity in each hydrogen runner 305 is identical；
So that it is guaranteed that the uniformity for the heat that the burning of port 306 generates.
As shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, in the present embodiment, each heating unit 3 includes sealing against each other lid to close fixation
The cover board 31 and burner plate 32 of setting face the heating reaction for being provided with and being inwardly recessed in the plate face of the burner plate 32 of cover board 31
Area, heating reaction are divided into the collecting and distributing area 321 of air, air conducting area 322, pooling zone 323, are provided in air conducting area 322
Air conducting area 322 is separated into several air conducting slots 325, air conducting slot by several water conservancy diversion fins 324, water conservancy diversion fin 324
325 input end is connected with the collecting and distributing area of air 321, and the outlet end of air conducting slot 325 is connected with pooling zone 323,
The collecting and distributing chamber 303 of hydrogen and several hydrogen runners 305 are arranged inside the plate body of burner plate 32, hydrogen runner 305 and air conducting
Slot 325 corresponds, and port 306, each port 306 are offered on the burner plate 32 in every air conducting slot 325
It is connected with corresponding hydrogen runner 305, the hydrogen in every hydrogen runner 305 can be entered to pair by port 306
In the air conducting slot 325 answered.The cover board 31 and the collecting and distributing area 321 of air, every air conducting being covered on burner plate 32
Slot 325 and pooling zone 323 are respectively formed the collecting and distributing chamber 301 of air, several air flow channels 304 and collection chamber 302.Each igniting
Device 311 is arranged on cover board 31.For the ease of the conveying of air and hydrogen, the collecting and distributing chamber of the air of each heating unit 3 301
The both sides position of 32 upper end of burner plate is located at the collecting and distributing chamber of hydrogen 303.Heating unit 3 is using cover board 31 and burner plate 32
Covering structure, this greatly facilitate heating unit 3 making with production and the later stage maintenance.
The collecting and distributing chamber 301 of air and the collecting and distributing chamber of hydrogen 303 are respectively positioned on the top of collection chamber 302, and air flow channel 304 is radially
It is directed downwardly toward collection chamber 302 from the collecting and distributing chamber of air 301, hydrogen runner 305 is radially directed downwardly toward from the collecting and distributing chamber of hydrogen 303
It is connected to port 306.It can also be arc line type that air flow channel 304, which can be broken line type with hydrogen runner 305,.
In the present embodiment, the fuel cell thermoelectricity for monitoring temperature is provided in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 400
Even 424.The lithium battery thermocouple 606 for monitoring 600 internal temperature of lithium battery is provided in lithium battery 600.For the ease of
It automatically controls, fuel cell thermocouple 424, lithium battery thermocouple 606, power generation hydrogen solenoid valve 401, power generation air solenoid valve
403, refrigerant cycle pump 409, cryogen solenoid valve 410, hydrogen gas circulating pump 418, heating air solenoid valve 420, heating hydrogen electromagnetism
Valve 422, waste gas pump 414, cryogen are in charge of solenoid valve 605 and communicate connection with system control module 500.
Warmed up air passage 11 described in the present embodiment is to be opened in end plate 1, monocell 2 and each by penetrating through respectively
The cover board 31 of heating unit 3 corresponds to the air intlet 110 on burner plate 32 and is connected to formation.The heating hydrogen paths 12
Be by penetrate through respectively the hydrogen being opened on the cover board 31 and burner plate 32 of end plate 1, monocell 2 and each heating unit 3 into
Mouth 120 corresponds to what connection was formed.The exhaust passage 13 be by penetrate through respectively be opened in end plate 1, monocell 2 and it is each plus
The cover board 31 of hot cell 3 corresponds to the exhaust outlet 130 on burner plate 32 and is connected to formation.The drainage channel 14 is by respectively
The discharge outlet 140 that perforation is opened on the cover board 31 and burner plate 32 of end plate 1, monocell 2 and each heating unit 3, which corresponds to, to be connected
Logical formation.The exhaust outlet 130 and discharge outlet 140 is respectively positioned on the both sides position of collection chamber 302, and exhaust outlet 130 is high
It is arranged in discharge outlet 140, discharge outlet 140 is arranged in the bottom position of collection chamber 302.The warmed up air passage of above structure
11, it is across end plate 1, monocell 2 and each heating unit 3 to heat hydrogen paths 12, exhaust passage 13, drainage channel 14
Cover board 31 and burner plate 32 plate body and along the longitudinally disposed of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, in this way can so that air with
Hydrogen is rapidly entered respectively into each heating unit 3, and can be so that the water and gas that are generated in each heating unit 3 are quickly arranged
Go out, to effectively reduce the residual of water, while also reducing the volume of entire Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.
In the present embodiment, perforation opens up on end plate 1, monocell 2, the cover board 31 of each heating unit 3 and burner plate 32
There are power generation air import 5, cryogen import 6, power generation hydrogen inlet 7, power generation air outlet 8, cryogen outlet 9, power generation hydrogen outlet
10, power generation air import 5, cryogen import 6, power generation hydrogen inlet 7, power generation air outlet 8, cryogen outlet 9, power generation hydrogen outlet
10 correspond connection respectively, enter channel 50 to form power generation air, cryogen enters channel 60, power generation hydrogen enters channel
70, power generation air flow pass 80, cryogen flow pass 90, power generation hydrogen flow pass 100.The power generation air input pipe
404 enter channel 50 with power generation air is connected, and air enters to power generation air through power generation air input pipe 404 and enters channel 50
In；The both ends of refrigerant cycle pipe 411 enter channel 60 with cryogen respectively and cryogen flow pass 90 is connected, refrigerant cycle pipe
Cryogen in 411, which enters from cryogen in channel 60, to be entered, and is flowed out from cryogen flow pass 90；Air off gas pipe 412 and power generation
Air flow pass 80 is connected, and the air off gas that Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells power generation generates is through power generation air flow pass 80
It enters in air off gas pipe 412；Power generation hydrogen inlet manifold 402 enters channel 70 with power generation hydrogen and is connected, and hydrogen is through power generation
Hydrogen inlet manifold 402 enters to power generation hydrogen and enters in channel 70；Hydrogen circulation pipe 419 and power generation 100 phase of hydrogen flow pass
Connection, the interior remaining hydrogen of power generation of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells enter to hydrogen circulation pipe through the hydrogen flow pass 100 that generates electricity
In 419.
Operation principle is as follows.
First step low-temperature cool starting.Temperature monitoring signal is sent to system control module by fuel cell thermocouple 424
500, when temperature is below the freezing point, system control module 500 is sent to heating air solenoid valve 420, heating hydrogen solenoid valve 422
Open command.Combustion-supporting air enters to often through air compressor machine 408, heating air inlet duct 421, warmed up air passage 11 successively
In the collecting and distributing chamber of the air of a heating unit 3 301.Heat hydrogen heated hydrogen input successively from hydrogen cylinder 406 of burning
Pipe 423, heating hydrogen paths 12 enter in the collecting and distributing chamber of hydrogen 303 of each heating unit 3.Air in each heating unit 3
Air in collecting and distributing chamber 301 enters in every air flow channel 304, the hydrogen in the collecting and distributing chamber of the hydrogen of each heating unit 3 303
It enters in every hydrogen runner 305, the hydrogen in every hydrogen runner 305 enters to air flow channel 304 from port 306 again
In.Igniter 311 at each port 306 is lighted a fire, so that combustion of hydrogen, discharges heat.In order to ensure combustion of hydrogen
Completely, igniter 311 can uninterruptedly light a fire.Each heating unit 3 transfers heat to monocell 2, so that entirely
The temperature of proton exchange film fuel battery system improves rapidly.The condensed water of generation of burning in each heating unit 3 collects successively
Comb 413 discharges outside chamber 302, drainage channel 14 and condensed water.
System control module 500 sends out open command to waste gas pump 414.Under the action of waste gas pump 414, each heating unit
Burning in 3, aggregated chamber 302, exhaust passage 13, heating flue gas leading 415 are discharged into exhaust gas the extra and air that is heated successively
Insulating tube 601, to be heated to lithium battery 600, the air for releasing heat is discharged from heating air desorption tube 602.
The setting of exhaust gas insulating tube 601 plays good thermogenic action to lithium battery 600, also takes full advantage of the heat generated when cold start-up
Energy.
The consumption of hydrogen and the time of cold start-up illustrate when in order to low-temperature cool starting, and specific reality is given below
Example.
Example one.
Environmental condition：710 J/ of graphite specific heat (kgK)；Hydrogen calorific value 1.4 × 108J/kg；Battery stack quality
200kg；- 30 DEG C of environment temperature；0 DEG C of temperature after heating；Rate of heat dissipation 5%.
Hydrogen gas consumption=（Temperature-environment temperature after heating）× graphite specific heat × battery stack quality ÷ hydrogen calorific value ×
(1+ rate of heat dissipations).
The ÷ of hydrogen gas consumption=30 × 710 × 200（1.4×108）×1.05=0.032kg .
Example two.
Environmental condition：- 20 DEG C of environment temperature；0 DEG C of temperature after heating；Consume hydrogen flowing quantity 0.048kg/min；Graphite specific heat
710 J/(kg·K)；Hydrogen calorific value 1.4 × 108J/kg；Battery stack quality 200kg；Rate of heat dissipation 5%.
Wherein：It is fuel cell system hydrogen supply capacity, fuel cell rated power that hydrogen flowing quantity, which is consumed, according to hydrogen-feeding system
Lower work hydrogen gas consumption determines, by taking 36kw fuel cells as an example.
Hydrogen gas consumption=（Temperature-environment temperature after heating）× graphite specific heat × battery stack quality ÷ hydrogen calorific value ×
(1+ rate of heat dissipations).
The ÷ of hydrogen gas consumption=20 × 710 × 200（1.4×108）×1.05=0.022kg .
The cold start-up time=hydrogen gas consumption ÷ hydrogen flowing quantities.
The cold start-up time=0.022 ÷, 0.048=0.46 min=28 s.
I.e.：By -20 DEG C of environment temperature, it is increased to 0 DEG C, elapsed time 28s.
Example three.
Environmental condition：- 10 DEG C of environment temperature；0 DEG C of temperature after heating；Consume hydrogen flowing quantity 0.048kg/min；Graphite specific heat
710 J/(kg·K)；Hydrogen calorific value 1.4 × 108J/kg；Battery stack quality 200kg；Rate of heat dissipation 5%.
Wherein：It is fuel cell system hydrogen supply capacity, fuel cell rated power that hydrogen flowing quantity, which is consumed, according to hydrogen-feeding system
Lower work hydrogen gas consumption determines, by taking 36kw fuel cells as an example.
Hydrogen gas consumption=（Temperature-environment temperature after heating）× graphite specific heat × battery stack quality ÷ hydrogen calorific value ×
(1+ rate of heat dissipations).
The ÷ of hydrogen gas consumption=10 × 710 × 200（1.4×108）×1.05=0.011kg .
The cold start-up time=hydrogen gas consumption ÷ hydrogen flowing quantities.
The cold start-up time=0.011 ÷, 0.048=0.23 min=14 s.
I.e.：By -10 DEG C of environment temperature, it is increased to 0 DEG C, elapsed time 14s.
Thus it obtains：The amounts of hydrogen that it is consumed when first step low-temperature cool starting is few, and the cold start-up time is short, and can realize ultralow
Warm cold start-up.
Second step battery system is run.Temperature monitoring signal is sent to system control module by fuel cell thermocouple 424
500, when temperature reaches the freezing point it is above when, system control module 500 to heating air solenoid valve 420 and heating hydrogen solenoid valve
422 send out code, to stop heating.System control module 500 sends out code to waste gas pump 414.
System control module 500 is to power generation hydrogen solenoid valve 401, power generation air solenoid valve 403, hydrogen gas circulating pump 418, cold
Agent circulating pump 409, cryogen solenoid valve 410, cryogen are in charge of solenoid valve 605 and send open command.Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is opened
Beginning power generation operation.
The air of power generation successively through air compressor machine 408, power generation air input pipe 404, humidifier 416, to enter to power generation empty
Gas enters in channel 50.The air off gas that the power generation of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 400 generates is successively through power generation air flow pass
80, it enters in humidifier 416 in air off gas pipe 412, to which the air to power generation is humidified, is diffused later from air
It is discharged in pipe 417.
The hydrogen of power generation enters to power generation hydrogen through hydrogen cylinder 406, power generation hydrogen inlet manifold 402 successively and enters channel 70
In.Under the action of hydrogen gas circulating pump 418, the remaining hydrogen of power generation is successively through the hydrogen that generates electricity in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 400
Gas flow pass 100, hydrogen circulation pipe 419 enter in power generation hydrogen inlet manifold 402, to be humidified to the hydrogen of power generation.
Under the action of refrigerant cycle pump 409, cryogen enters in channel 60 from refrigerant cycle pipe 411 into cryogen to proton
Exchange film fuel battery 400 cools down, and refrigerant cycle pipe 411 is then flow back into from cryogen flow pass 90.Refrigerant cycle pipe 411
In a part of cryogen enter to cryogen and be in charge of 604, cryogen is in charge of the cryogen in 604 and is entered in cryogen insulating tube 603, is proton
The temperature for the cryogen that exchange film fuel battery 400 cools down increases, it will usually rise 70 DEG C or so, the raised cryogen of temperature enters
To carry out insulation effect to lithium battery 600 in cryogen insulating tube 603.The cryogen that cryogen insulating tube 603 exports is imported to cryogen
Circulation pipe 411,
Cryogen in refrigerant cycle pipe 411 is back to proton after the cooling of radiator 425,426 deionization of deionizer successively
Exchange film fuel battery 400.The setting of cryogen insulating tube 603 enables to lithium battery 600 to keep certain temperature, so that it is guaranteed that
Lithium battery 600 works normally, and lithium battery 600 is avoided substantially to consume the electricity of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells because temperature is too low
Phenomenon occurs, to effectively ensure the mileage of fuel cell car.
Monitoring signals are constantly sent to system control module 500 by the lithium battery thermocouple 606 inside lithium battery 600, such as
Observed temperature inside fruit lithium battery 600 is higher than preset temperature, and system control module 500 can then send instructions is in charge of electricity to cryogen
Magnet valve 605 makes it reduce aperture, to be reduced inside lithium battery 600 by reducing cryogen flow.On the contrary, if lithium battery
Observed temperature inside 600 is less than preset temperature, and system control module 500 can then send instructions is in charge of solenoid valve 605 to cryogen,
It is set to increase aperture, to improve 600 internal temperature of lithium battery by increasing cryogen flow.The temperature of lithium battery 600 in this way
It can control in the temperature range of setting, this can be further ensured that lithium battery 600 works under the good environment of temperature, to
Ensure that lithium battery 600 provides sufficient electric power for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells automobile with Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 400.
The advantage of the invention is that：One, the dynamical system in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells automobile, can be at subzero 40 DEG C
Reliably start under condition of ultralow temperature below, the amounts of hydrogen of its consumption is few when cold start-up, and the cold start-up time is short, so that battery
System reliability service under severe low temperature environment.Two, after the heating that burning generates when Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells cold start-up
Air lithium battery 600 is heated so that the temperature of lithium battery 600 is improved, later Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Cryogen when operation keeps the temperature lithium battery 600, this all makes the temperature of changing commanders of lithium battery be further enhanced, and can make
The temperature of lithium battery is maintained under required operating temperature, these can effectively avoid lithium battery from answering temperature too low and largely disappear
The case where electricity for consuming Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, occurs, and has thereby further ensured that the operation is stable of entire dynamical system
Property.
Claims (10)
1. the dynamical system for the fuel cell car that energy ultra-low temperature cold starts, including：Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and lithium battery,
The both ends of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells are respectively feed end and discharge end, the feed end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
It is connected with the power generation hydrogen inlet manifold with power generation hydrogen solenoid valve, with the power generation air input pipe of power generation air solenoid valve, power generation
Hydrogen inlet manifold inputs manifold by hydrogen and is connected with hydrogen cylinder, and power generation air input pipe inputs manifold and pneumatics by air
Machine is connected, and band refrigerant cycle pump and cryogen solenoid valve are provided between the feed end and discharge end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Refrigerant cycle pipe, the discharge end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is connected with outside air off gas pipe, hydrogen circulation pipe, condensed water and arranges
Pipe；It is characterized in that：The discharge end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is also associated with the heating flue gas leading with waste gas pump, the matter
The structure of proton exchange film fuel cell includes：A pair of end plate is provided with several single electricity for being serially connected setting between a pair of end plate
Pond and several heating units, each heating unit are arranged between adjacent pair monocell, in each heating unit
Be provided with the collecting and distributing chamber of air, collection chamber, the collecting and distributing chamber of hydrogen, several air flow channels and several hydrogen runners, air flow channel into
Mouth end is connected with the collecting and distributing chamber of air, and the outlet end of air flow channel is connected with collection chamber, air flow channel and hydrogen runner
Correspond, the collecting and distributing chamber of the equal hydrogen of input end of hydrogen runner is connected, offered on the flow path wall of every air flow channel with
The port that hydrogen runner is connected is corresponded to, the hydrogen in every hydrogen runner can enter to corresponding air by port
In runner, igniter is both provided at the port in every air flow channel；The collecting and distributing chamber of air of each heating unit with add
Hot-air channel is connected, and warmed up air passage is connected with the heating air inlet duct with heating air solenoid valve, heats
Air inlet duct is connected with air input manifold；The collecting and distributing chamber of hydrogen of each heating unit is connected with heating hydrogen paths
Logical, heating hydrogen paths are connected with the heating hydrogen inlet manifold with heating hydrogen solenoid valve, heat hydrogen inlet manifold and hydrogen
Gas input manifold is connected；The collection chamber of each heating unit is connected with exhaust passage and drainage channel, the exhaust
Channel is connected with heating flue gas leading, and the drainage channel is connected with the outer comb of condensed water；It is arranged outside the lithium battery
There are exhaust gas insulating tube, the heating flue gas leading to be connected with the input terminal of exhaust gas insulating tube, the output end of exhaust gas insulating tube connects
It is connected to heating air desorption tube.
2. the dynamical system for the fuel cell car that energy ultra-low temperature cold according to claim 1 starts, it is characterised in that：Hair
It is provided with humidifier on electric air inlet duct, air desorption tube is provided on humidifier, the air off gas pipe, which is connected to, to be added
Wet device, the air off gas that Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells power generation generates enter the hydrogen in humidifier to power generation through air off gas pipe
It is discharged from air desorption tube after gas humidification；Hydrogen gas circulating pump is provided on hydrogen circulation pipe, hydrogen circulation pipe is connected to power generation
Hydrogen inlet manifold, the remaining hydrogen of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells power generation enter to power generation hydrogen inlet manifold through hydrogen circulation pipe
In, to which the hydrogen to power generation is humidified；It is additionally provided with radiator and deionizer on refrigerant cycle pipe, cryogen is from matter
The discharge end output of proton exchange film fuel cell is back to proton exchange membrane after radiator cooling and deionizer deionization
The feed end of fuel cell.
3. the dynamical system for the fuel cell car that energy ultra-low temperature cold according to claim 2 starts, it is characterised in that：Lithium
Cryogen insulating tube, exhaust gas insulating tube and the spaced setting of cryogen insulating tube are additionally provided with outside ion battery；On refrigerant cycle pipe
It is provided with cryogen to be in charge of, cryogen, which is in charge of, to be provided with cryogen and be in charge of solenoid valve, and cryogen is in charge of the input terminal phase with cryogen insulating tube
Connection, the output end of cryogen insulating tube converge to refrigerant cycle pipe, and the cryogen exported in cryogen insulating tube enters to refrigerant cycle
It is back to the feed end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells in pipe after radiator cooling and deionizer deionization successively.
4. the dynamical system for the fuel cell car that energy ultra-low temperature cold according to claim 3 starts, it is characterised in that：?
The fuel cell thermocouple for monitoring Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells internal temperature is provided in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells,
The lithium battery thermocouple for monitoring lithium battery interior temperature, the fuel cell thermocouple and lithium are provided in lithium battery
Battery thermocouple communicates with system control module connect respectively.
5. the dynamical system for the fuel cell car that energy ultra-low temperature cold according to claim 4 starts, it is characterised in that：Hair
Electric hydrogen solenoid valve, power generation air solenoid valve, refrigerant cycle pump, cryogen solenoid valve, hydrogen gas circulating pump, heating air solenoid valve,
Heating hydrogen solenoid valve, waste gas pump, cryogen are in charge of solenoid valve and communicate connection with system control module.
6. the dynamical system for the fuel cell car that the energy ultra-low temperature cold according to claims 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 starts,
It is characterized in that：Each heating unit includes the cover board and burner plate for sealing against each other lid and closing fixed setting, and burner plate faces
The heating reaction zone being inwardly recessed is provided in the plate face of cover board, heating reaction is divided into the collecting and distributing area of air, air conducting area, converged
Ji Qu is provided with several water conservancy diversion fins in air conducting area, and air conducting differentiation is divided into several air conducting slots by water conservancy diversion fin,
The input end of air conducting slot is connected with the collecting and distributing area of air, and the outlet end of air conducting slot is connected with pooling zone, hydrogen
The collecting and distributing chamber of gas and several hydrogen runners are arranged inside the plate body of burner plate, and hydrogen runner is corresponded with air conducting slot, often
Port is offered on burner plate in air conducting slot, each port is connected with corresponding hydrogen runner, often
Hydrogen in hydrogen runner can be entered in corresponding air conducting slot by port；It is covered on burner plate
Cover board and the collecting and distributing area of air, every air conducting slot and pooling zone be respectively formed the collecting and distributing chamber of air, several air flow channels and
Collection chamber；Each igniter is respectively provided on the cover board.
7. the dynamical system for the fuel cell car that the energy ultra-low temperature cold according to claim 6 starts, feature
It is：The collecting and distributing chamber of air of each heating unit is located at the both sides position of burner plate upper end with the collecting and distributing chamber of hydrogen, and
The collecting and distributing chamber of air and the collecting and distributing chamber of hydrogen are respectively positioned on the top of collection chamber, and air flow channel is radially directed downwardly toward from the collecting and distributing chamber of air
To collection chamber, hydrogen runner is radially directed downwardly toward from the collecting and distributing chamber of hydrogen and is connected to port.
8. the dynamical system for the fuel cell car that energy ultra-low temperature cold according to claim 7 starts, it is characterised in that：Often
A port is respectively positioned on the bottom end of corresponding hydrogen runner, and all ports are neat at the sustained height at position among the heating unit
Flat setting.
9. the dynamical system for the fuel cell car that energy ultra-low temperature cold according to claim 6 starts, it is characterised in that：Institute
The warmed up air passage stated is by penetrating through respectively on the cover board and burner plate that are opened in end plate, monocell and each heating unit
Air intlet correspond to connection formed；The heating hydrogen paths be by penetrate through respectively be opened in end plate, monocell and
The cover board of each heating unit is corresponded to the hydrogen inlet on burner plate is connected to formation；The exhaust passage is by passing through respectively
It opens up to be located at the cover board of end plate, monocell and each heating unit and correspond to the exhaust outlet on burner plate and be connected to formation；Institute
The drainage channel stated is by penetrating through the row being opened on the cover board and burner plate of end plate, monocell and each heating unit respectively
The mouth of a river corresponds to connection and is formed；Exhaust outlet and discharge outlet are located at the both sides position of each collection chamber, and exhaust outlet is higher than discharge outlet
Setting, discharge outlet are arranged in the bottom position of collection chamber.
10. the dynamical system for the fuel cell car that energy ultra-low temperature cold according to claim 6 starts, it is characterised in that：
End plate, monocell, each heating unit cover board and burner plate on respectively perforation offer power generation air import, cryogen into
Mouthful, power generation hydrogen inlet, power generation air outlet, cryogen outlet, power generation hydrogen outlet, all power generation air imports, cryogen import,
Power generation hydrogen inlet, power generation air outlet, cryogen outlet, power generation hydrogen outlet correspond connection to be respectively formed hair respectively
Electric air inlet passage, cryogen enter channel, power generation hydrogen enters channel, power generation air flow pass, cryogen flow pass, hair
Electric hydrogen flow pass；The power generation air input pipe enters channel with power generation air and is connected, and air is defeated through power generation air
Enter pipe and enter to power generation air to enter in channel；The both ends of refrigerant cycle pipe enter channel and cryogen flow pass with cryogen respectively
It is connected, the cryogen in refrigerant cycle pipe, which enters from cryogen in channel, to be entered, and is flowed out from cryogen flow pass；Air off gas pipe
It is connected with power generation air flow pass, the air off gas that Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells power generation generates flows out logical through power generation air
Road enters in air off gas pipe；Power generation hydrogen inlet manifold enters channel with power generation hydrogen and is connected, and hydrogen is defeated through the hydrogen that generates electricity
Enter pipe enter to power generation hydrogen enter in channel；Hydrogen circulation pipe is connected with power generation hydrogen flow pass, proton exchange membrane combustion
The remaining hydrogen of power generation is entered to through the hydrogen flow pass that generates electricity in hydrogen circulation pipe in material battery.
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| CN114604056A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-06-10 | 吉林大学 | Whole-vehicle thermal management system of fuel cell vehicle |
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