CN208400951U - The operating system of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of energy low-temperature cool starting - Google Patents
The operating system of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of energy low-temperature cool starting Download PDFInfo
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- CN208400951U CN208400951U CN201821020154.7U CN201821020154U CN208400951U CN 208400951 U CN208400951 U CN 208400951U CN 201821020154 U CN201821020154 U CN 201821020154U CN 208400951 U CN208400951 U CN 208400951U
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 255
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 244
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 244
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 141
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011176 pooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005619 thermoelectricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of operating systems of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of energy low-temperature cool starting, it include: that the feed end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is connected with power generation hydrogen inlet manifold, power generation air input pipe, power generation hydrogen inlet manifold inputs general pipeline by hydrogen and is connected with hydrogen cylinder, power generation air input pipe inputs general pipeline by air and is connected with air compressor machine, refrigerant cycle pipe is provided between the feed end and discharge end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, the discharge end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is connected with air off gas pipe, hydrogen circulation pipe, the outer comb of condensed water, heat flue gas leading, the structure of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells includes: a pair of end plate, several monocells for being serially connected setting are provided between a pair of end plate, and several heating units, each heating unit is arranged between adjacent pair monocell.Utility model has the advantages that can start under condition of ultralow temperature, the amounts of hydrogen of its consumption is few when cold start-up, and the cold start-up time is short.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells technical fields, and in particular to Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.
Background technique
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is that a kind of be electrochemically reacted using hydrogen and oxygen as raw material is generated water while incited somebody to action
Chemical energy is converted to the electrochemical generating unit of electric energy, has the characteristics that cleaning, efficient, energy conservation and environmental protection, energy transformation ratio are high.
Current Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells operating system, comprising: Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, proton exchange membrane combustion
The both ends of material battery are respectively feed end and discharge end, and the feed end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is connected with band power generation hydrogen electricity
The power generation hydrogen inlet manifold, the power generation air input pipe with power generation air solenoid valve of magnet valve, power generation hydrogen inlet manifold pass through hydrogen
Input general pipeline is connected with hydrogen cylinder, and power generation air input pipe inputs general pipeline by air and is connected with air compressor machine, proton exchange
The refrigerant cycle pipe with refrigerant cycle pump and cryogen solenoid valve, proton are provided between the feed end and discharge end of membrane cell
The discharge end of exchange film fuel battery is connected with the outer comb of air off gas pipe, hydrogen circulation pipe, condensed water.The proton exchange
The structure of membrane cell specifically includes that a pair of end plate, and several monocells have been arranged in series between end plate.
Since the water that chemical reaction generates can remain in inside Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, in low temperature ring below freezing
In border, the liquid water inside Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells can freeze, what Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells generated when starting
Reaction heat is not enough to dissolve ice, this just impacts the starting of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells operating system, severe low
Warm environment Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells operating system is it is possible that the problems such as starting slow, difficulty in starting or starting failure.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is: providing a kind of operation system of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of energy low-temperature cool starting
System.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: can low-temperature cool starting proton exchange membrane combustion
Expect the operating system of battery, comprising: Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, the both ends of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells are respectively feed end
And discharge end, the feed end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells are connected with power generation hydrogen inlet manifold, band with power generation hydrogen solenoid valve
The power generation air input pipe of power generation air solenoid valve, power generation hydrogen inlet manifold input general pipeline by hydrogen and are connected with hydrogen cylinder,
Power generation air input pipe inputs general pipeline by air and is connected with air compressor machine, the feed end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and discharging
The refrigerant cycle pipe with refrigerant cycle pump and cryogen solenoid valve is provided between end, the discharge end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells connects
It is connected to the outer comb of air off gas pipe, hydrogen circulation pipe, condensed water；The discharge end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is also connected with heating
Flue gas leading, the structure of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells include: a pair of end plate, are provided between a pair of end plate several mutual
The monocell and several heating units being arranged in series, each heating unit are arranged between adjacent pair monocell, often
The collecting and distributing chamber of air, collection chamber, the collecting and distributing chamber of hydrogen, several air flow channels and several hydrogen streams are provided in a heating unit
Road, the input end of air flow channel are connected with the collecting and distributing chamber of air, and the outlet end of air flow channel is connected with collection chamber, air
Runner and hydrogen runner correspond, and the collecting and distributing chamber of the equal hydrogen of the input end of hydrogen runner is connected, the runner of every air flow channel
The port being connected with corresponding hydrogen runner is offered on wall, the hydrogen in every hydrogen runner can pass through port into
Enter to corresponding air flow channel, is provided with igniter at the port in every air flow channel；The sky of each heating unit
The collecting and distributing chamber of gas is connected with warmed up air passage, and warmed up air passage is inputted with the heating air with heating air solenoid valve
Pipe is connected, and heating air inlet duct is connected with air input general pipeline；The collecting and distributing chamber of the hydrogen of each heating unit with heating
Hydrogen paths are connected, and heating hydrogen paths are connected with the heating hydrogen inlet manifold with heating hydrogen solenoid valve, heat hydrogen
Gas input pipe is connected with hydrogen input general pipeline；The collection chamber of each heating unit is connected with exhaust passage and drainage channel
Logical, the exhaust passage is connected with heating flue gas leading, and the drainage channel is connected with the outer comb of condensed water.
Further, the operating system of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of energy low-temperature cool starting above-mentioned, wherein in proton
The fuel cell thermocouple for monitoring Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells internal temperature is provided in exchange film fuel battery, it is described
Fuel cell thermocouple and system control module communication connection.
Further, the operating system of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of energy low-temperature cool starting above-mentioned, wherein power generation is empty
It is provided with humidifier on gas input pipe, air desorption tube is provided on humidifier, the air off gas pipe is connected to humidifier,
The hydrogen that the air off gas that Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells power generation generates enters in humidifier to power generation through air off gas pipe adds
It is discharged from air desorption tube after wet；Hydrogen gas circulating pump is provided on hydrogen circulation pipe, hydrogen circulation pipe is connected to power generation hydrogen
Input pipe, the remaining hydrogen of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells power generation enter in power generation hydrogen inlet manifold through hydrogen circulation pipe, from
And it is humidified to the hydrogen of power generation；Radiator and deionizer are additionally provided on refrigerant cycle pipe, cryogen is handed over from proton
The discharge end output for changing membrane cell is back to pem fuel after radiator cooling and deionizer deionization
The feed end of battery.
Further, the operating system of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of energy low-temperature cool starting above-mentioned, wherein power generation
Hydrogen solenoid valve, refrigerant cycle pump, cryogen solenoid valve, hydrogen gas circulating pump, heating air solenoid valve, adds power generation air solenoid valve
Hot hydrogen solenoid valve with system control module communication connection.
Further, the operating system of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of energy low-temperature cool starting above-mentioned, wherein Mei Gejia
Hot cell includes the cover board and burner plate for sealing against each other lid and closing fixed setting, and burner plate is faced and is provided in the plate face of cover board
The heating reaction zone being inwardly recessed, heating, which is reacted, divides into the collecting and distributing area of air, air conducting area, pooling zone, in air conducting area
Several water conservancy diversion fins are provided with, air conducting differentiation is divided into several air conducting slots, the import of air conducting slot by water conservancy diversion fin
End is connected with the collecting and distributing area of air, and the outlet end of air conducting slot is connected with pooling zone, if the collecting and distributing chamber of hydrogen and dry hydrogen
Flow channel is arranged in inside the plate body of burner plate, and hydrogen runner and air conducting slot correspond, in every air conducting slot
Port is offered on burner plate, each port is connected with corresponding hydrogen runner, the hydrogen in every hydrogen runner
Gas can be entered in corresponding air conducting slot by port；The cover board and air being covered on burner plate are collecting and distributing
Area, every air conducting slot and pooling zone are respectively formed the collecting and distributing chamber of air, several air flow channels and collection chamber；Each igniting
Device is respectively provided on the cover board.
Further, the operating system of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of energy low-temperature cool starting above-mentioned, wherein each
The collecting and distributing chamber of the air of heating unit and the collecting and distributing chamber of hydrogen are located at the two sides position of burner plate upper end, and the collecting and distributing chamber of air
The top of collection chamber is respectively positioned on the collecting and distributing chamber of hydrogen, air flow channel is radially directed downwardly toward collection chamber from the collecting and distributing chamber of air,
Hydrogen runner is radially directed downwardly toward from the collecting and distributing chamber of hydrogen and is connected to port.
Still further, the operating system of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of energy low-temperature cool starting above-mentioned, wherein each
Port is respectively positioned on the bottom end of corresponding hydrogen runner, and all ports flush at the sustained height at position among the heating unit
Setting.
Further, the operating system of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of energy low-temperature cool starting above-mentioned, wherein described
Warmed up air passage is by penetrating through the sky being provided on the cover board and burner plate of end plate, monocell and each heating unit respectively
The corresponding connection of gas import is formed；The heating hydrogen paths are to be provided with end plate, monocell and each by penetrating through respectively
The cover board of heating unit corresponds to the hydrogen inlet on burner plate and is connected to formation；The exhaust passage is by penetrating through out respectively
The cover board for being located at end plate, monocell and each heating unit is corresponded to the exhaust outlet on burner plate is connected to formation；Described
Drainage channel is by penetrating through the discharge outlet being provided on the cover board and burner plate of end plate, monocell and each heating unit respectively
Corresponding connection is formed；Exhaust outlet and discharge outlet are located at the two sides position of each collection chamber, and exhaust outlet is arranged higher than discharge outlet,
The bottom position of collection chamber is arranged in discharge outlet.
Further, the operating system of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of energy low-temperature cool starting above-mentioned, wherein end plate,
Monocell, each heating unit cover board and burner plate on respectively perforation offer power generation air import, cryogen import, power generation
Hydrogen inlet, power generation air outlet, cryogen outlet, power generation hydrogen outlet, all power generation air imports, cryogen import, power generation hydrogen
Gas import, power generation air outlet, cryogen outlet, power generation hydrogen outlet correspond connection respectively to be respectively formed power generation air
Into channel, cryogen enter channel, power generation hydrogen enters channel, power generation air flow pass, cryogen flow pass, power generation hydrogen
Flow pass；The power generation air input pipe enters channel with power generation air and is connected, air through power generation air input pipe into
Enter to power generation air and enters in channel；The both ends of refrigerant cycle pipe enter channel with cryogen respectively and cryogen flow pass is connected
Logical, the cryogen in cryogen refrigerant cycle pipe enters in channel from cryogen to be entered, and is flowed out from cryogen flow pass；Air off gas pipe
It is connected with power generation air flow pass, the air off gas that Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells power generation generates flows out logical through power generation air
Road enters in air off gas pipe；Power generation hydrogen inlet manifold enters channel with power generation hydrogen and is connected, and hydrogen is defeated through power generation hydrogen
Enter pipe enter to power generation hydrogen enter in channel；Hydrogen circulation pipe is connected with power generation hydrogen flow pass, proton exchange membrane combustion
The remaining hydrogen of power generation enters in hydrogen circulation pipe through power generation hydrogen flow pass in material battery.
Utility model has the advantages that the operating system of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells can be below super at subzero 40 DEG C
Stablize under cryogenic conditions, reliably start, the amounts of hydrogen of its consumption is few when cold start-up, and the cold start-up time is short.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the work of the operating system of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of energy low-temperature cool starting described in the utility model
Schematic illustration.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the schematic view of the front view of heating unit in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the assembly structure diagram of heating unit in Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of burner plate in Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of internal structure of burner plate in Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the mounting structure schematic diagram of igniter in Fig. 4 cover plate.
Specific embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail with preferred embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, the operating system of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, comprising: Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 400, matter
The both ends of proton exchange film fuel cell 400 are respectively feed end and discharge end.The feed end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 400 connects
It is connected to the power generation hydrogen inlet manifold 402 with power generation hydrogen solenoid valve 401, the power generation air input with power generation air solenoid valve 403
Pipe 404, power generation hydrogen inlet manifold 402 input general pipeline 405 by hydrogen and are connected with hydrogen cylinder 406, power generation air input pipe 404
General pipeline 407 is inputted by air to be connected with air compressor machine 408.The feed end and discharge end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 400 it
Between be provided with refrigerant cycle pump 409 and cryogen solenoid valve 410 refrigerant cycle pipe 411, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 400
Discharge end is connected with the outer comb 413 of air off gas pipe 412, hydrogen circulation pipe 419, condensed water.Power generation air is defeated in the present embodiment
Enter and be provided with humidifier 416 on pipe 404, air desorption tube 417 is provided on humidifier 416, the air off gas pipe 412 connects
Humidifier 416 is passed to, the air off gas that the power generation of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 400 generates is entered by air off gas pipe 412 to be humidified
It is discharged from air desorption tube 417 in device 416 to after the air wetting of power generation.It is provided on the hydrogen circulation pipe 419
Hydrogen gas circulating pump 418, hydrogen circulation pipe 419 are connected to power generation hydrogen inlet manifold 402, and Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 400 generates electricity
Remaining hydrogen enters in power generation hydrogen inlet manifold 402 through hydrogen circulation pipe 419, so that the hydrogen to power generation is added
It is wet.In the present embodiment, the discharge end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 400 is also connected with heating flue gas leading 415.It is cold in the present embodiment
Radiator 425 and deionizer 426 are additionally provided on agent circulation pipe 411, cryogen goes out from Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 400
Material end output through radiator 425 cooling and 426 deionization of deionizer after be back to Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 400 into
Expect end.
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 7, the structure of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 400 includes: a pair of end plate 1, and one
To being provided with several monocells 2 and several heating units 3 for being serially connected setting between end plate 1.Each heating unit 3 is
It is arranged between adjacent pair monocell 2.In order to improve the uniformity of heating, heating unit 3 is fired in entire proton exchange membrane
It is evenly arranged in material battery 400.The collecting and distributing chamber 301 of air, collection chamber 302, the collecting and distributing chamber of hydrogen are provided in each heating unit 3
303, several air flow channels 304 and several hydrogen runners 305.The input end of air flow channel 304 with collecting and distributing 301 phase of chamber of air
Connection, the outlet end of air flow channel 304 are connected with collection chamber 302, and air flow channel 304 and hydrogen runner 305 correspond,
The collecting and distributing chamber 303 of the equal hydrogen of the input end of hydrogen runner 305 is connected, offered on the flow path wall of every air flow channel 304 with
The port 306 that hydrogen runner 305 is connected is corresponded to, the hydrogen in every hydrogen runner 305 can be entered by port 306
In to corresponding air flow channel 304, igniter 311 is provided at the port 306 in every air flow channel 304.It is each to add
The collecting and distributing chamber 301 of the air of hot cell 3 is connected with warmed up air passage 11, warmed up air passage 11 with heating air electricity
The heating air inlet duct 421 of magnet valve 420 is connected, and the heating air inlet duct 21 is connected with air input general pipeline 407
It is logical.The collecting and distributing chamber 303 of the hydrogen of each heating unit 3 is connected with heating hydrogen paths 12, heats hydrogen paths 12 and has
The heating hydrogen inlet manifold 423 of heating hydrogen solenoid valve 422 is connected, and heating hydrogen inlet manifold 423 and hydrogen input general pipeline 405
It is connected.The collection chamber 302 of each heating unit 3 is connected with exhaust passage 13 and drainage channel 14, and the exhaust is logical
Road 13 is connected with heating flue gas leading 415, and the drainage channel 14 is connected with the outer comb 413 of condensed water.Add to improve
The uniformity of heat, each port 306 is respectively positioned on the bottom end of corresponding hydrogen runner 305 in the present embodiment, and all ports 306 are
Setting is flushed at the sustained height at the intermediate position of heating unit 3.Air in warmed up air passage 11 passes through the collecting and distributing chamber of air
301 enter in air flow channel 304, this can make air be evenly distributed in the collecting and distributing chamber 301 of air so that each air flow channel
Air mass flow in 304 is identical；The hydrogen heated in hydrogen paths 12 is entered in hydrogen runner 305 by the collecting and distributing chamber 303 of hydrogen,
This can make hydrogen be evenly distributed in the collecting and distributing chamber 303 of hydrogen, so that the hydrogen flowing quantity in each hydrogen runner 305 is identical；
So that it is guaranteed that the uniformity for the heat that the burning of port 306 generates.
As shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, in the present embodiment, each heating unit 3 includes sealing against each other lid to close fixation
The cover board 31 and burner plate 32 of setting face the heating reaction for being provided with and being inwardly recessed in the plate face of the burner plate 32 of cover board 31
Area, heating reaction are divided into the collecting and distributing area 321 of air, air conducting area 322, pooling zone 323, are provided in air conducting area 322
Air conducting area 322 is separated into several air conducting slots 325, air conducting slot by several water conservancy diversion fins 324, water conservancy diversion fin 324
325 input end is connected with the collecting and distributing area 321 of air, and the outlet end of air conducting slot 325 is connected with pooling zone 323,
The collecting and distributing chamber 303 of hydrogen and several hydrogen runners 305 are arranged in inside the plate body of burner plate 32, hydrogen runner 305 and air conducting
Slot 325 corresponds, and offers port 306, each port 306 on the burner plate 32 in every air conducting slot 325
It is connected with corresponding hydrogen runner 305, the hydrogen in every hydrogen runner 305 can pass through port 306 and enter to pair
In the air conducting slot 325 answered.The cover board 31 being covered on burner plate 32 and the collecting and distributing area 321 of air, every air conducting
Slot 325 and pooling zone 323 are respectively formed the collecting and distributing chamber 301 of air, several air flow channels 304 and collection chamber 302.Each igniting
Device 311 is arranged on cover board 31.For the ease of the conveying of air and hydrogen, the collecting and distributing chamber 301 of the air of each heating unit 3
The two sides position of 32 upper end of burner plate is located at the collecting and distributing chamber 303 of hydrogen.Heating unit 3 is using cover board 31 and burner plate 32
Covering structure, this greatly facilitate heating unit 3 production with production and the later period maintenance.
The collecting and distributing chamber 301 of air and the collecting and distributing chamber 303 of hydrogen are respectively positioned on the top of collection chamber 302, and air flow channel 304 is radially
It is directed downwardly toward collection chamber 302 from the collecting and distributing chamber 301 of air, hydrogen runner 305 is radially directed downwardly toward from the collecting and distributing chamber 303 of hydrogen
It is connected to port 306.Air flow channel 304 and hydrogen runner 305 can be broken line type and be also possible to arc line type.
In the present embodiment, the fuel cell thermoelectricity for monitoring temperature is provided in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 400
Even 424.For the ease of automatically control, fuel cell thermocouple 424, power generation hydrogen solenoid valve 401, power generation air solenoid valve 403,
Refrigerant cycle pump 409, cryogen solenoid valve 410, hydrogen gas circulating pump 418, heating air solenoid valve 420, heating hydrogen solenoid valve 422
With 500 communication connection of system control module.
Warmed up air passage 11 described in the present embodiment is to be provided with end plate 1, monocell 2 and each by penetrating through respectively
The cover board 31 of heating unit 3 corresponds to the air intlet 110 on burner plate 32 and is connected to formation.The heating hydrogen paths 12
Hydrogen by being penetrated through on the cover board 31 and burner plate 32 that are provided with end plate 1, monocell 2 and each heating unit 3 respectively into
The corresponding connection of mouth 120 is formed.The exhaust passage 13 be by penetrate through respectively be provided with end plate 1, monocell 2 and it is each plus
The cover board 31 of hot cell 3 corresponds to the exhaust outlet 130 on burner plate 32 and is connected to formation.The drainage channel 14 is by respectively
Penetrate through the corresponding company of the discharge outlet 140 being provided on the cover board 31 and burner plate 32 of end plate 1, monocell 2 and each heating unit 3
Logical formation.The exhaust outlet 130 and discharge outlet 140 is respectively positioned on the two sides position of collection chamber 302, and exhaust outlet 130 is high
It is arranged in discharge outlet 140, the bottom position of collection chamber 302 is arranged in discharge outlet 140.The warmed up air passage of above structure
11, heating hydrogen paths 12, exhaust passage 13, drainage channel 14 is across end plate 1, monocell 2 and each heating unit 3
Cover board 31 and burner plate 32 plate body and along the longitudinally disposed of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, can make in this way air with
Hydrogen is rapidly entered respectively into each heating unit 3, and the water and gas that generate in each heating unit 3 can be made quickly to arrange
Out, to effectively reduce the residual of water, while the volume of entire Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is also reduced.
In the present embodiment, end plate 1, monocell 2, each heating unit 3 cover board 31 and burner plate 32 on penetrate through respectively
Offer power generation air import 5, cryogen import 6, power generation hydrogen inlet 7, power generation air outlet 8, cryogen outlet 9, power generation hydrogen
Outlet 10, power generation air import 5, cryogen import 6, power generation hydrogen inlet 7, power generation air outlet 8, cryogen outlet 9, power generation hydrogen
Outlet 10 corresponds connection respectively, to be formed, power generation air enters channel 50, cryogen enters channel 60, power generation hydrogen enters
Channel 70, power generation air flow pass 80, cryogen flow pass 90, power generation hydrogen flow pass 100.The power generation air is defeated
Enter pipe 404 and enter channel 50 with power generation air to be connected, air through power generation air input pipe 404 enter to power generation air enter it is logical
In road 50；The both ends of refrigerant cycle pipe 411 enter channel 60 with cryogen respectively and cryogen flow pass 90 is connected, refrigerant cycle
Cryogen in pipe 411 enters in channel 60 from cryogen to be entered, and is flowed out from cryogen flow pass 90；Air off gas pipe 412 and hair
Electric air flow pass 80 is connected, and the air off gas that Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells power generation generates is through power generation air flow pass
80 enter in air off gas pipe 412；Power generation hydrogen inlet manifold 402 enters channel 70 with power generation hydrogen and is connected, and hydrogen is through sending out
Electric hydrogen inlet manifold 402 enters to power generation hydrogen and enters in channel 70；Hydrogen circulation pipe 419 and power generation hydrogen flow pass 100
It is connected, the remaining hydrogen of power generation enters to hydrogen circulation through power generation hydrogen flow pass 100 in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
In pipe 419.
Working principle is as follows.
First step low-temperature cool starting.Temperature monitoring signal is sent to system control module by fuel cell thermocouple 424
500, when temperature is below the freezing point, system control module 500 is sent to heating air solenoid valve 420, heating hydrogen solenoid valve 422
Open command.Combustion-supporting air successively enters to often through air compressor machine 408, heating air inlet duct 421, warmed up air passage 11
In the collecting and distributing chamber 301 of the air of a heating unit 3.Heat hydrogen successively heated hydrogen input from hydrogen cylinder 406 of burning
Pipe 423, heating hydrogen paths 12 enter in the collecting and distributing chamber 303 of hydrogen of each heating unit 3.Air in each heating unit 3
Air in collecting and distributing chamber 301 enters in every air flow channel 304, the hydrogen in the collecting and distributing chamber 303 of the hydrogen of each heating unit 3
It enters in every hydrogen runner 305, the hydrogen in every hydrogen runner 305 enters to air flow channel 304 from port 306 again
In.Igniter 311 at each port 306 is lighted a fire, so that combustion of hydrogen, discharges heat.In order to ensure combustion of hydrogen
Completely, igniter 311 can uninterruptedly light a fire.Each heating unit 3 transfers heat to monocell 2, so that entirely
The temperature of proton exchange film fuel battery system improves rapidly.The condensed water of generation of burning in each heating unit 3 successively collects
The outer comb 413 of chamber 302, drainage channel 14 and condensed water discharges.It burns extra in each heating unit 3 and is heated
Successively aggregated chamber 302, exhaust passage 13, heating flue gas leading 415 discharge air.
The consumption of hydrogen and the time of cold start-up are illustrated when in order to low-temperature cool starting, and specific reality is given below
Example.
Example one.
Environmental condition: 710 J/ of graphite specific heat (kgK)；Hydrogen calorific value 1.4 × 108J/kg；Battery stack quality
200kg；- 30 DEG C of environment temperature；0 DEG C of temperature after heating；Rate of heat dissipation 5%.
Hydrogen gas consumption=(temperature-environment temperature after heating) × graphite specific heat × battery stack quality ÷ hydrogen calorific value ×
(1+ rate of heat dissipation).
Hydrogen gas consumption=30 × 710 × 200 ÷ (1.4 × 108) × 1.05=0.032kg.
Example two.
Environmental condition: -20 DEG C of environment temperature；0 DEG C of temperature after heating；Consume hydrogen flowing quantity 0.048kg/min；Graphite specific heat
710 J/(kg·K)；Hydrogen calorific value 1.4 × 108J/kg；Battery stack quality 200kg；Rate of heat dissipation 5%.
Wherein: consumption hydrogen flowing quantity is fuel cell system hydrogen supply capacity, fuel cell rated power according to hydrogen-feeding system
Lower work hydrogen gas consumption determines, by taking 36kw fuel cell as an example.
Hydrogen gas consumption=(temperature-environment temperature after heating) × graphite specific heat × battery stack quality ÷ hydrogen calorific value ×
(1+ rate of heat dissipation).
Hydrogen gas consumption=20 × 710 × 200 ÷ (1.4 × 108) × 1.05=0.022kg.
It is cold-started time=hydrogen gas consumption ÷ hydrogen flowing quantity.
It is cold-started time=0.022 ÷, 0.048=0.46 min=28 s.
That is: by -20 DEG C of environment temperature, it is increased to 0 DEG C, elapsed time 28s.
Example three.
Environmental condition: -10 DEG C of environment temperature；0 DEG C of temperature after heating；Consume hydrogen flowing quantity 0.048kg/min；Graphite specific heat
710 J/(kg·K)；Hydrogen calorific value 1.4 × 108J/kg；Battery stack quality 200kg；Rate of heat dissipation 5%.
Wherein: consumption hydrogen flowing quantity is fuel cell system hydrogen supply capacity, fuel cell rated power according to hydrogen-feeding system
Lower work hydrogen gas consumption determines, by taking 36kw fuel cell as an example.
Hydrogen gas consumption=(temperature-environment temperature after heating) × graphite specific heat × battery stack quality ÷ hydrogen calorific value ×
(1+ rate of heat dissipation).
Hydrogen gas consumption=10 × 710 × 200 ÷ (1.4 × 108) × 1.05=0.011kg.
It is cold-started time=hydrogen gas consumption ÷ hydrogen flowing quantity.
It is cold-started time=0.011 ÷, 0.048=0.23 min=14 s；
That is: by -10 DEG C of environment temperature, it is increased to 0 DEG C, elapsed time 14s.
Thus obtain: the amounts of hydrogen that it is consumed when first step low-temperature cool starting is few, and the cold start-up time is short, and is able to achieve ultralow
Temperature cold start-up.
The operation of second step proton exchange film fuel battery system.Fuel cell thermocouple 424 sends temperature monitoring signal
To system control module 500, when temperature reaches the freezing point it is above when, system control module 500 to heating air solenoid valve 420 and plus
Hot hydrogen solenoid valve 422 sends out code, to stop heating.
System control module 500 is to power generation hydrogen solenoid valve 401, power generation air solenoid valve 403, hydrogen gas circulating pump 418, cold
Agent circulating pump 409, cryogen solenoid valve 410 send open command.Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells starts power generation operation.
The air of power generation successively through air compressor machine 408, power generation air input pipe 404, humidifier 416, to enter to power generation empty
Gas enters in channel 50.The air off gas that the power generation of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 400 generates is successively through power generation air flow pass
80, it enters in humidifier 416 in air off gas pipe 412, so that the air to power generation is humidified, is diffused later from air
It is discharged in pipe 417.
The hydrogen of power generation successively enters to power generation hydrogen through hydrogen cylinder 406, power generation hydrogen inlet manifold 402 and enters channel 70
In.Under the action of hydrogen gas circulating pump 418, the remaining hydrogen of power generation is successively through the hydrogen that generates electricity in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 400
Gas flow pass 100, hydrogen circulation pipe 419 enter in power generation hydrogen inlet manifold 402, so that the hydrogen to power generation humidifies.
Under the action of refrigerant cycle pump 409, cryogen enters in channel 60 from refrigerant cycle pipe 411 into cryogen to proton
Exchange film fuel battery 400 cools down, and refrigerant cycle pipe 411, refrigerant cycle pipe 411 are then flow back into from cryogen flow pass 90
In cryogen successively through the cooling of radiator 425, be back to Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 400 after 426 deionization of deionizer.
Utility model has the advantages that the operating system of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells can be below super at subzero 40 DEG C
Reliably start under cryogenic conditions, the amounts of hydrogen of its consumption is few when cold start-up, and the cold start-up time is short.
Claims (9)
1. the operating system of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of energy low-temperature cool starting, comprising: Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, proton
The both ends of exchange film fuel battery are respectively feed end and discharge end, and the feed end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is connected with band hair
The power generation hydrogen inlet manifold, the power generation air input pipe with power generation air solenoid valve of electric hydrogen solenoid valve, generate electricity hydrogen inlet manifold
General pipeline being inputted by hydrogen to be connected with hydrogen cylinder, power generation air input pipe inputs general pipeline by air and is connected with air compressor machine,
The cryogen with refrigerant cycle pump and cryogen solenoid valve is provided between the feed end and discharge end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells to follow
Endless tube, the discharge end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells are connected with the outer comb of air off gas pipe, hydrogen circulation pipe, condensed water；It is special
Sign is: the discharge end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is also connected with heating flue gas leading, the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Structure include: a pair of end plate, it is single that several monocells for being serially connected setting and several heating are provided between a pair of end plate
Member, each heating unit are arranged between adjacent pair monocell, be provided in each heating unit the collecting and distributing chamber of air,
The collecting and distributing chamber of collection chamber, hydrogen, several air flow channels and several hydrogen runners, the input end of air flow channel with the collecting and distributing chamber of air
It is connected, the outlet end of air flow channel is connected with collection chamber, and air flow channel and hydrogen runner correspond, hydrogen runner
The collecting and distributing chamber of the equal hydrogen of input end is connected, and offers on the flow path wall of every air flow channel and is connected with corresponding hydrogen runner
Port, the hydrogen in every hydrogen runner can be entered in corresponding air flow channel by port, every air flow channel
In port at be provided with igniter；The collecting and distributing chamber of the air of each heating unit is connected with warmed up air passage, adds
Hot-air channel is connected with the heating air inlet duct with heating air solenoid valve, and heating air inlet duct and air input
General pipeline is connected；The collecting and distributing chamber of the hydrogen of each heating unit is connected with heating hydrogen paths, heats hydrogen paths and has
The heating hydrogen inlet manifold of heating hydrogen solenoid valve is connected, and heating hydrogen inlet manifold is connected with hydrogen input general pipeline；Each
The collection chamber of heating unit is connected with exhaust passage and drainage channel, and the exhaust passage is connected with heating flue gas leading
It connects, the drainage channel is connected with the outer comb of condensed water.
2. the operating system of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of energy low-temperature cool starting according to claim 1, feature exist
In: it is provided in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells the fuel cell heat for monitoring Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells internal temperature
Galvanic couple, the fuel cell thermocouple and system control module communication connection.
3. the operating system of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of energy low-temperature cool starting according to claim 1 or 2, feature
It is: is provided with humidifier on power generation air input pipe, air desorption tube, the air off gas Guan Lian is provided on humidifier
Humidifier is passed to, the air off gas that Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells power generation generates enters in humidifier through air off gas pipe to power generation
It is discharged from air desorption tube after hydrogen humidification；Hydrogen gas circulating pump, the connection of hydrogen circulation pipe are provided on hydrogen circulation pipe
To power generation hydrogen inlet manifold, it is defeated that the remaining hydrogen of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells power generation enters to the hydrogen that generates electricity through hydrogen circulation pipe
Enter in pipe, so that the hydrogen to power generation is humidified；Radiator and deionizer, cryogen are additionally provided on refrigerant cycle pipe
Proton is back to after radiator cooling and deionizer deionization from the output of the discharge end of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells to hand over
Change the feed end of membrane cell.
4. the operating system of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of energy low-temperature cool starting according to claim 3, feature exist
In: power generation hydrogen solenoid valve, power generation air solenoid valve, refrigerant cycle pump, cryogen solenoid valve, hydrogen gas circulating pump, heating air electricity
Magnet valve, heating hydrogen solenoid valve with system control module communication connection.
5. the operating system of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of energy low-temperature cool starting according to claim 1 or 2, feature
Be: each heating unit includes the cover board and burner plate for sealing against each other lid and closing fixed setting, and burner plate faces cover board
The heating reaction zone being inwardly recessed is provided in plate face, the collecting and distributing area of air, air conducting area, pooling zone are divided into heating reaction,
Several water conservancy diversion fins are provided in air conducting area, air conducting differentiation is divided into several air conducting slots, air by water conservancy diversion fin
The input end of diversion trench is connected with the collecting and distributing area of air, and the outlet end of air conducting slot is connected with pooling zone, hydrogen collection
It dissipates chamber and several hydrogen runners is arranged in inside the plate body of burner plate, hydrogen runner and air conducting slot correspond, every sky
Port is offered on burner plate in conductance chute, each port is connected with corresponding hydrogen runner, every hydrogen
Hydrogen in flow channel can be entered in corresponding air conducting slot by port；The cover board being covered on burner plate
The collecting and distributing chamber of air, several air flow channels are respectively formed with the collecting and distributing area of air, every air conducting slot and pooling zone and are collected
Chamber；Each igniter is respectively provided on the cover board.
6. the operating system of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of energy low-temperature cool starting according to claim 5, feature exist
It is located at the two sides position of burner plate upper end in: the collecting and distributing chamber of the air of each heating unit and the collecting and distributing chamber of hydrogen, and empty
The collecting and distributing chamber of gas and the collecting and distributing chamber of hydrogen are respectively positioned on the top of collection chamber, and air flow channel is radially directed downwardly toward from the collecting and distributing chamber of air
Collection chamber, hydrogen runner are radially directed downwardly toward from the collecting and distributing chamber of hydrogen and are connected to port.
7. the operating system of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of energy low-temperature cool starting according to claim 6, feature exist
In: each port is respectively positioned on the bottom end of corresponding hydrogen runner, the same height at all ports position among heating unit
Setting is flushed at degree.
8. the operating system of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of energy low-temperature cool starting according to claim 5, feature exist
In: the warmed up air passage is to be provided with end plate, the cover board of monocell and each heating unit and combustion by penetrating through respectively
Burn what the corresponding connection of the air intlet on plate was formed；The heating hydrogen paths are to be provided with end plate, single electricity by penetrating through respectively
The cover board of pond and each heating unit corresponds to the hydrogen inlet on burner plate and is connected to formation；The exhaust passage be by
Perforation is provided with the cover board of end plate, monocell and each heating unit and is connected to formation with the exhaust outlet correspondence on burner plate respectively
's；The drainage channel is the cover board and burner plate that end plate, monocell and each heating unit are provided with by penetrating through respectively
On the corresponding connection of discharge outlet formed；Exhaust outlet and discharge outlet are located at the two sides position of each collection chamber, and exhaust outlet is higher than
The bottom position of collection chamber is arranged in discharge outlet setting, discharge outlet.
9. the operating system of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of energy low-temperature cool starting according to claim 5, feature exist
In: end plate, monocell, each heating unit cover board and burner plate on perforation offers power generation air import, cryogen respectively
Import, power generation hydrogen inlet, power generation air outlet, cryogen outlet, power generation hydrogen outlet, all power generation air imports, cryogen into
Mouth, power generation hydrogen inlet, power generation air export, cryogen exports, power generation hydrogen outlet corresponds be connected to difference shape respectively
Enter channel at power generation air, cryogen enters channel, power generation hydrogen enters channel, power generation air flow pass, cryogen flow out and lead to
Road, power generation hydrogen flow pass；The power generation air input pipe enters channel with power generation air and is connected, and air is empty through power generation
Gas input pipe enters to power generation air and enters in channel；The both ends of refrigerant cycle pipe enter channel and cryogen outflow with cryogen respectively
Channel is connected, and the cryogen in refrigerant cycle pipe enters in channel from cryogen to be entered, and flows out from cryogen flow pass；Air is useless
Tracheae is connected with power generation air flow pass, and the air off gas that Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells power generation generates is through power generation air stream
Channel enters in air off gas pipe out；Power generation hydrogen inlet manifold enters channel with power generation hydrogen and is connected, and hydrogen is through the hydrogen that generates electricity
Gas input pipe enters to power generation hydrogen and enters in channel；Hydrogen circulation pipe is connected with power generation hydrogen flow pass, proton exchange
The remaining hydrogen of power generation enters in hydrogen circulation pipe through power generation hydrogen flow pass in membrane cell.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108649247A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-10-12 | 张家港氢云新能源研究院有限公司 | The operating system of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of energy low-temperature cool starting |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108649247A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-10-12 | 张家港氢云新能源研究院有限公司 | The operating system of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of energy low-temperature cool starting |
| CN108649247B (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2023-12-15 | 张家港氢云新能源研究院有限公司 | Operation system of proton exchange membrane fuel cell capable of low-temperature cold start |
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