CN108806141B

CN108806141B - Control method of emergency escape system

Info

Publication number: CN108806141B
Application number: CN201710286605.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 仇智珩; 王以丹; 朱小兵; 周路
Original assignee: NANJING FIRE EQUIPMENT CO Ltd
Current assignee: NANJING FIRE EQUIPMENT CO Ltd
Priority date: 2017-04-27
Filing date: 2017-04-27
Publication date: 2020-02-14
Anticipated expiration: 2037-04-27
Also published as: CN108806141A

Abstract

The emergency escape system comprises a main node module, an indication module, a sensing module and a power supply module, wherein the main node module is responsible for wireless sensor network communication in the sensor module, operation of an escape guide algorithm program and communication with a display sensing module, has an intelligent evacuation function, can well guide people to evacuate orderly according to a correct and safe path, can quickly guide fire rescue personnel to quickly find a fire source, and can implement effective fire fighting.

Description

Control method of emergency escape system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of emergency escape systems, in particular to a control method of a fire emergency escape system in a crowd-dense occasion.

Background

With the acceleration of the urbanization process of China, the number of people-intensive places such as various residences, large-scale shopping malls, entertainment places, public gathering places and the like is gradually increased, high-rise buildings and complex buildings are more and more common, and once a fire disaster occurs, a large number of casualties are easily caused. According to the official WeChat public number information of the fire department of the Ministry of public Security, 31.2 thousands of fires are reported in 2016, 1582 people are killed, 1065 people are injured, the direct property loss is 37.2 million yuan, and compared with 2015, the four numbers are all reduced. Wherein, the fire disaster 64 is reduced by 4 and reduced by 5.9 percent; no major or special major fire occurs, and no fire with more than 10 dead people occurs all the year around for the first time since the establishment of new China. Practice proves that establishing an effective fire extinguishing device, and implementing fire protection when a fire disaster is in a bud state is an effective method for reducing the occurrence of the fire disaster. Especially, the intelligent automatic fire extinguishing system is developed, so that casualties and property loss caused by fire can be greatly reduced.

Through investigation on urban building fire casualty conditions for many years, most people select wrong escape directions due to scaring when fire happens, and therefore a set of humanized and intelligent fire-fighting escape network system is established for inoculation.

Meanwhile, in recent years, particularly in the next decades, China will greatly promote urbanization, which means that urban population is continuously increased, population density is continuously increased in narrow spaces of cities, public places in densely populated areas are more and more, and urban high-rise buildings are continuously emerged. Therefore, a fire intelligent emergency escape system control method which has an intelligent evacuation function, can well guide people to evacuate orderly according to a correct and safe path, can quickly guide fire rescue workers to quickly find a fire source and can effectively put out a fire is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention relates to a control method of an emergency escape system, which comprises a main node module, an indication module, a sensing module and a power supply module, wherein the main node module is responsible for wireless sensor network communication in the sensor module, the running of an escape guidance algorithm program and the communication with a display sensing module,

the main node module senses the change of the surrounding environment through the sensing module, when the fire disaster is detected, a correct escape guiding path is obtained through the calculation of an escape guiding algorithm, and the path is indicated through the indicating module,

after the main node module finishes the initialization process, if disaster information is sensed by the distributed sensor module or an emergency message is received, the escape guiding algorithm is started,

the algorithm measures the degree of risk of each node by weight, the higher the weight is, the more dangerous the area where the node is located is, the guidance of the path will be gradually guided from the point with higher weight to the point with lower weight until the point is guided to the nearest exit node,

during the fire, the weights of all nodes are dynamically updated to guide personnel to the safest exit, and the node receiving the emergency packet is updated to the distance from the disaster node firstly; then the node judges whether the node is in the dangerous area, if so, the weight of the node is adjusted according to a method for updating the weight in the dangerous area, and then the node judges whether the node becomes the local minimum node and adjusts the weight; then the node continues to broadcast the emergency information packet; and finally, the node selects the neighbor with the minimum risk degree as a guiding direction.

Further optionally, the sensor module includes a wireless sensor network and serial communication.

Further optionally, the indication module comprises an LED indication module, which displays the escape path to the user, and can dynamically display the escape path according to the indication of the main node module.

Further optionally, 8 digital signals are used for communication between the master node module and the LED indication module, wherein 7 signals are output from the master node module to the LED module; 1 signal is input to the main node module by the LED module.

Further optionally, the sensing module includes a smoke sensor, a temperature sensor, and a light sensor.

Further optionally, the light sensitive sensor comprises infrared or ultraviolet radiation that senses a flame.

Further optionally, the emergency escape system further comprises a power module.

Further optionally, when the mains supply exists, the power supply module inputs +12V voltage into the system, one part of the voltage is used for trickle charging of the storage battery, the other part of the voltage is used for working of the power management chip, the +5V and +3.3V outputs are used for saving power and supplying power for the LED display and the sensor respectively, and a 12V terminal is LED out to supply power to the sensor; when the commercial power is cut off, the storage battery is used for enabling the power management module to work.

Further optionally, the master node module is connected to the sensing module through 4 single-row data lines, 2 signals are output from the master node module to the sensing module, and 2 signals are input from the sensing module to the master node module.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sensing signal processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps of the emergency escape system control method according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an escape guidance algorithm of the sensing signal processing system according to the embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

The emergency escape system control method according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes an emergency escape control system including: the system comprises a main node module 1, an indication module 2, a sensing module 3 and a power supply module 4, wherein the main node module 1 participates in the construction and communication of the wireless network, is a core module in the system and is mainly responsible for key tasks such as the self-composition of the wireless sensor network in the sensor module 3, the running of an escape guidance algorithm program, the communication with a display sensing module and the like. The main node module senses the change of the surrounding environment through the sensing module 3, detects whether a fire occurs, calculates a correct escape guidance path through an escape guidance algorithm when the fire occurs, and indicates the path through the indicating module.

The indicating module comprises an LED indicating module which is used for displaying an escape path to a user in the escape guiding system so as to guide the user to quickly escape from a fire scene. In order to conveniently display the escape route and save the cost, the system adopts an LED display screen to display the escape guide route. The indicating module is respectively in static display with the traditional state, and is linked with the main node, so that the escape path can be dynamically and intelligently displayed according to the indication of the main node.

The indicating module is a relatively independent module, and an independent AT89S51 chip is adopted to control the LED display screen to display. The indication module is used for indicating how to display the escape path, and the escape path is specified by the main node module, so that a corresponding interface needs to be provided to realize communication with the main node.

The main node module and the LED indicating module are communicated by using 8 digital signals, wherein 7 signals are output to the LED module by the main node module; 1 signal is input to the main node module by the LED module.

The sensing module is used for detecting whether the surrounding environment has a fire emergency and is an information source of the whole system. The occurrence and development of a fire is a very complex and non-stationary process which, in addition to its own physicochemical changes, is subject to many external disturbances, which, once generated, release energy in both contact (material flow) and non-contact (energy flow) forms. Contact forms such as combustible gases, combustion gases and fumes, aerosols, etc. Non-contact such as sound, radiation, etc.

The control method of the emergency escape system comprises the step of starting an escape guiding algorithm when the distributed sensor module senses disaster information or receives an emergency message after the main node module finishes an initialization process. The algorithm measures the degree of risk of each node by weight (weight), the higher the weight is, the more dangerous the area where the node is located is, and the guidance of the path will be gradually guided from the point with the higher weight to the point with the lower weight until the point is guided to the nearest exit node. During the disaster, the weights of all nodes are dynamically updated to guide people to the safest export. The node receiving the emergency packet updates the distance to the disaster node; then the node judges whether the node is in the dangerous area, if so, the weight of the node is adjusted according to a method for updating the weight in the dangerous area, and then the node judges whether the node becomes the local minimum node and adjusts the weight; then the node continues to broadcast the emergency information packet; and finally, the node selects the neighbor with the minimum risk degree as a guiding direction.

A wireless sensor network technology, a serial port communication technology, a visual program design technology and other technologies are adopted, and a series of functions such as guiding algorithm setting, node fire monitoring and the like are achieved. The guiding algorithm setting comprises three functions of initialization state, node configuration, parameter setting and the like, and mainly performs initialization configuration work on the whole fire escape guiding system. The node fire monitoring displays the arrangement of nodes in a building in a graph mode, can display corresponding escape direction marks according to the result of a guide algorithm when a fire occurs, provides a node information inquiry function, and can be used for background management personnel to monitor the running state of the whole system.

Conventional fire alarm systems use single sensors such as smoke sensors, temperature sensors, light sensitive sensors (infrared, ultraviolet radiation, etc. to sense flames). Each type of sensor has its limitations, for example, a temperature sensing sensor is only sensitive to temperature rise caused by open fire, is not sensitive to smoldering fire, and cannot distinguish whether heat causing temperature rise is generated by fire or by an air conditioner; for another example, the smoke sensor is a fire sensor with high sensitivity to general fire, has excellent detection effect on smoldering fire, and is not sensitive to open fire. A plurality of sensors are adopted to comprehensively collect various data before and after a fire disaster occurs, and the artificial intelligence technology is used for processing fire disaster data information provided by the sensors, so that the intelligence of the whole system can be greatly improved, and the misjudgment rate is reduced.

The sensing module converts the physicochemical characteristics of the fire into another physical quantity (such as a digital signal) which is easy to process by using a plurality of sensors, and transmits the signal to the main node module to process and send out an alarm sound. A plurality of different sensors are integrated in the sensing module, and the data transmitted by the sensors are analyzed and judged through the chip. In the system, the sensing module and the indicating module are relatively independent modules, and a certain interface is required to be defined when the sensing module is communicated with the main node module.

The main node module and the sensing module are communicated by using 4 digital signals, the other 2 signals are output to the sensing module by the main node module, and the other 2 signals are input to the main node module by the sensing module.

The output signal refers to a signal output from the master node module to the sensing module, and the sensing module needs to make different responses to different value combinations of the signal. The output signals are 2 in number and comprise:

EN: enable signal, active low. When the EN signal is 0, the sensing module needs to respond to the following signal; when EN type 1, the sensing module need not respond to these signals.

RESET: reset signal, active low. When RESET is set to 0, the sensing block needs to return to the initial state.

The input signal refers to a signal input from the sensing module to the master node module, and is used for information feedback from the sensing module to the master node module. There are 2 output signals, including:

READY: ready signal, active high, initial state is 0. The sensing module uses this signal to inform the master node module that it is ready to begin receiving the output signal of the master node module.

ALERT: and an alarm signal is high effective, and the initial state is 0. When the sensing module judges that a fire disaster exists at present through operation, the sensing module informs the main node module by setting the signal to be 1.

The energy consumption of the nodes mainly comes from the main node module, the indicating module and the sensor module. The main node module is a function control center and a data calculation center of the node, and consumes energy in the processes of network networking, wireless communication and the like; the indicating module is responsible for displaying the escape path, the displaying part is an LED dot matrix module, when the LED dot matrix is displayed, a large amount of energy needs to be consumed, and meanwhile, when the main control chip AT89S51 of the indicating module runs, a part of energy also needs to be consumed; the sensor module is mainly responsible for automatically detecting two types of events, namely periodic events and aperiodic events, and the total energy consumption can be simply summarized as the product of the energy consumed by a single sampling and the sampling times.

For the design of the node energy supply module, the energy saving for the sensor module must be done from two aspects: the method is used for controlling the energy consumed by single data sampling and controlling the sampling frequency. The former can effectively control the energy consumption of single data sampling from the components by adopting low-power consumption devices. For the latter, because many distributed nodes of the sensor network have a certain redundancy, selectively reducing the sampling frequency of a single node does not damage the validity and integrity of the measured data.

On the other hand, the system is an indoor fire emergency escape guide, which provides great convenience for node energy supply. In the presence of the mains, the mains may be directly supplied, but once an emergency occurs, the mains is often cut off, so in this case, an Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) of the power supply is considered. The power supply is mainly realized by AM1084(5V) and AMS1117(3.3V) modules.

In the power supply, when commercial power exists, the system inputs +12V voltage, one part is used for trickle charging of a storage battery, the other part is used for AM1084(5V) and AMS1117(3.3V) operation, the +5V and +3.3V are output to respectively save power for an LED display and a sensor, and a 12V terminal is LED out to supply power for the sensor; when the mains supply is disconnected, the storage battery is used for AM1084(5V) and AMS1117(3.3V) to work. Because the three modules of the node can save energy as much as possible, the storage battery is adopted to supply power in the fire disaster, and the requirement can be basically met. Therefore, uninterrupted power supply of the whole system is realized, and the WSN can work normally when a fire disaster happens.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and equivalent arrangements may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and shall be covered by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A control method of an emergency escape system comprises a main node module, an indication module, a sensing module and a power supply module, wherein the main node module is responsible for wireless sensor network communication in the sensor module, the operation of an escape guidance algorithm program and the communication with a display sensing module;

the main node module senses the change of the surrounding environment through the sensing module, when a fire disaster is detected, a correct escape guiding path is obtained through calculation of an escape guiding algorithm, and the path is indicated through the indicating module;

after the main node module finishes an initialization process, if disaster information is sensed through the distributed sensor module or an emergency message is received, the escape guidance is started;

the guidance measures the danger degree of each node by weight, the higher the weight is, the more dangerous the area where the node is located is, and the guidance of the path is gradually guided from a point with a higher weight to a point with a lower weight until the guidance is guided to the nearest exit node;

during the fire, dynamically updating the weights of all nodes, and updating the distance from the node receiving the emergency packet to the disaster node; then the node judges whether the node is in the dangerous area, if so, the weight of the node is adjusted according to a method for updating the weight in the dangerous area, and then the node judges whether the node becomes the local minimum node and adjusts the weight; then the node continues to broadcast the emergency information packet; finally, the node selects the neighbor with the minimum risk degree as a guiding direction;

the sensor module comprises a wireless sensor network and serial port communication; the indication module comprises an LED indication module, displays the escape path to a user and can dynamically display the escape path according to the indication of the main node module; the main node module and the LED indicating module are communicated by using 8 digital signals, wherein 7 signals are output to the LED module by the main node module; 1 signal is input to the main node module by the LED module; the sensing module comprises a smoke sensor, a temperature sensor and a photosensitive sensor; wherein the light sensitive sensor comprises infrared or ultraviolet radiation that senses a flame; the emergency escape system also comprises a power supply module; when the mains supply exists, the system inputs +12V voltage, one part of the voltage is used for trickle charging of the storage battery, the other part of the voltage is used for working of the power management chip, the +5V and +3.3V are output to respectively save power for the LED display and the sensor, and a 12V terminal is LED out to supply power for the sensor; when the commercial power is cut off, the storage battery is used for enabling the power management module to work; the main node module is connected with the sensing module through a single row of 4 data lines; the 2 signals are output to the sensing module by the main node module, and the 2 signals are input to the main node module by the sensing module.