CN108797137A - 一种窗口布及其制备方法、应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种窗口布及其制备方法、应用，涉及太阳能电池生产技术领域。该制备方法包括以下步骤：将热熔胶加热至熔融状态后加入遮光填料进行混合，得到熔体混合物；将所述熔体混合物涂覆在离型纸上形成胶膜层；将所述胶膜层与所述离型纸相对的一面与布料进行贴合，得到窗口布。使用本发明提供的窗口布制备方法制得的窗口布具有良好的硬挺度，不易产生褶皱。胶膜层具有一定的粘度，与其他工件进行贴合时不易发生滑移。遮光性强，不易发生透色。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及太阳能电池生产领域，具体而言，涉及一种窗口布及其制备方法、应用。
背景技术
部分薄膜太阳能便携发电板为了突出产品轻、薄、柔的特性，使用纺织面料做为外观材料。其具体由依次层叠的保护膜、封装胶膜、窗口布、太阳能芯片组成。其中窗口布采用纺织面料制成。但由于纺织面料质地柔软硬挺度低，会导致窗口布存在裁切易变形、与组件预贴合时发生滑移、浅色产品透色等问题，影响成品的外观。
现有的解决办法为对面料进行轧光、浸轧硬挺剂等增加面料硬挺度的功能整理，或在面料背面进行涂层整理。但这两种处理方式均存在一定的缺陷。其中，硬挺整理：无法解决滑移、透色问题；涂层整理：无法解决透色问题，且会导致封装胶膜无法透过涂层、布料与太阳能芯片接触，降低成品的剥离力。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种窗口布及其制备方法、应用，旨在改善上述技术问题。
本发明是这样实现的：
一种窗口布的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
将热熔胶加热至熔融状态后加入遮光填料进行混合，得到熔体混合物；
将所述熔体混合物涂覆在离型纸上形成胶膜层；
将带有离型纸的胶膜层与布料进行贴合，且所述胶膜层位于所述布料与所述离型纸之间，得到所述窗口布。
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，得到所述窗口布之后还包括以下步骤：
将所述窗口布剪裁成预设形状。
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，所述热熔胶选自热塑性聚氨酯弹性体橡胶、聚醚砜树脂、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物中的一种。
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，所述遮光填料选自钛白粉或立德粉。
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，所述热熔胶和所述遮光填料的质量之比为1：0.2-1：0.4。
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，所述胶膜层的厚度为0.03mm-0.1mm。
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，所述热熔胶加热至熔融状态后还加入增粘剂、分散剂、成膜剂、抗老化剂进行混合。
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，所述增粘剂选自松香树脂、萜烯、增粘树脂、增粘乳液其中一种或多种。
一种窗口布，根据上述任意一项所述的制备方法制备得到。
上述窗口布在制备薄膜太阳能电池中的应用。
本发明提供的一种窗口布及其制备方法、应用的有益效果为通过将胶膜层与布料结合，提高窗口布的硬挺度，易于进行剪裁且剪裁时不易发生形变，在太阳能电池封装时也不易产生褶皱。由于胶膜层具有一定的粘度和防滑性能，在进行太阳能电池封装时，窗口布不易发生滑移的情况，可提高封装效率和产品的良品率。胶膜层中混合有遮光填料，大大增强了窗口布的遮光性，不易发生透色，即使使用浅色布料可能很好的保证产品的外观。在进行太阳能电池封装时，布料未设有胶膜层的一面朝向封装胶膜，在高温封装时，胶膜层受热后，会使流动性增加、粘度降低，使得封装胶膜可以完全渗透布料和胶膜层，使得最外层保护膜可以与窗口布、组件很好的进行粘接。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施方式的技术方案，下面将对实施方式中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本发明的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1是本发明实施例，一种窗口布的侧视图；
图2是本发明实施例，一种窗口布的俯视图。
图标：布料1；胶膜层2。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施方式的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施方式中的附图，对本发明实施方式中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施方式是本发明一部分实施方式，而不是全部的实施方式。基于本发明中的实施方式，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施方式，都属于本发明保护的范围。因此，以下对在附图中提供的本发明的实施方式的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本发明的范围，而是仅仅表示本发明的选定实施方式。基于本发明中的实施方式，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施方式，都属于本发明保护的范围。
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。实施例中未注明具体条件者，按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者，均为可以通过市售购买获得的常规产品。
实施例1，请参考图1和图2，本实施例提供一种窗口布的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
将热熔胶加热至熔融状态后加入遮光填料进行混合，得到熔体混合物；
将熔体混合物涂覆在离型纸上形成胶膜层2；
将胶膜层2与离型纸相对的一面与布料1进行贴合，得到窗口布；
将窗口布剪裁成预设形状。
本实施例提供一种具体的剪裁方法，首先将窗口布剪裁为矩形，然后在窗口布中间剪裁出一个矩形通孔，形成窗口，最终得到指定形状的窗口布。实际应用时，也可根据需求改变窗口布的剪裁方法。本实施例中，布料1为棉纺织面料。
本实施例通过将热熔胶和遮光填料结合制成胶膜层2，并通过将胶膜层2与布料1结合，提高窗口布的硬挺度，易于进行剪裁且剪裁时不易发生形变，在太阳能电池封装时也不易产生褶皱。由于胶膜层2具有一定的粘度和防滑性能，在进行太阳能电池封装时，窗口布不易发生滑移的情况，可提高封装效率和产品的良品率。胶膜层2中混合有遮光填料，大大增强了窗口布的遮光性，不易发生透色，即使使用浅色布料1可能很好的保证产品的外观。在进行太阳能电池封装时，布料1未设有胶膜层2的一面朝向封装胶膜，在高温封装时，胶膜层2受热后，会使流动性增加、粘度降低，使得封装胶膜可以完全渗透布料1和胶膜层2，使得最外层保护膜可以与窗口布、太阳能芯片很好的进行粘接。
进一步地，在本实施例中，热熔胶选自热塑性聚氨酯弹性体橡胶、聚醚砜树脂、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物中的一种。遮光填料选自钛白粉或立德粉。优选的，热熔胶为热塑性聚氨酯弹性体橡胶，遮光填料为钛白粉。将热塑性聚氨酯弹性体橡胶与钛白粉进行结合后形成的胶膜层2就有硬挺度高遮光性强的特点。同时，钛白粉为白色颜料，不会对布料1的色彩造成影响，使窗口布封装成太阳能电池后外观效果最佳。钛白粉为环保性涂料，不会对环境造成影响。
进一步地，在本实施例中，热熔胶和遮光填料的质量之比为1：0.2-1：0.4。如此比例设置，可在保证热熔胶的基本性质的同时，最大程度的提高胶膜层2的遮光性。
进一步地，在本实施例中，胶膜层2的厚度为0.03mm-0.1mm。胶膜层2的厚度过大会影响太阳能电池的封装效果，也会使太阳能电池的整体厚度增加，胶膜层2的厚度过小，则会出现窗口布硬挺度不足等情况。本实施例中，胶膜层2厚度优选值为0.05mm，在不影响太阳能电池的封装的同时，保证窗口布具有足够的硬挺度。
进一步地，在本实施例中，热熔胶加热至熔融状态后还加入增粘剂、分散剂、成膜剂、抗老化剂进行混合。在胶膜层2中加入增粘剂、分散剂、成膜剂、抗老化剂等成分可增加胶膜层2的粘度、稳定度和抗老化度，可使胶膜层2的性能更佳，使用年限更长。
进一步地，在本实施例中，增粘剂选自松香树脂、萜烯、增粘树脂、增粘乳液其中一种或多种。优选的，增粘剂为松香树脂。
进一步地，在本实施例中，分散剂选自硬脂酰胺、石蜡、金属皂其中一种或多种。优选的，分散剂为硬脂酰胺。
进一步地，在本实施例中，成膜剂选自蛋白成膜剂、丙烯酸树脂成膜剂、丁二烯树脂成膜剂、聚氨酯成膜剂、硝酸纤维成膜剂其中一种或多种。优选的，成膜剂为聚氨酯成膜剂。
进一步地，在本实施例中，抗老化剂选自胺类防老剂、酮胺类防老剂、对苯二胺类防老剂其中一种或多种。优选的，抗老化剂为胺类防老剂。
本发明实施例提供一种窗口布，根据上述制备方法制备得到。该窗口布具有硬挺度高、易于剪裁、不易发生形变和褶皱、与封装胶膜结合性强、遮光度高不易发生透色、在进行太阳能电池封装时不易发生滑移等优点。材料的性能稳定，不会对环境造成污染。
本发明实施例提供上述窗口布在制备薄膜太阳能电池中的应用。
以上仅为本发明的优选实施方式而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种窗口布的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
将热熔胶加热至熔融状态后加入遮光填料进行混合，得到熔体混合物；
将所述熔体混合物涂覆在离型纸上形成胶膜层；
将带有离型纸的胶膜层与布料进行贴合，且所述胶膜层位于所述布料与所述离型纸之间，得到所述窗口布。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，得到所述窗口布之后还包括以下步骤：
将所述窗口布剪裁成预设形状。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述热熔胶选自热塑性聚氨酯弹性体橡胶、聚醚砜树脂、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物中的一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述遮光填料选自钛白粉或立德粉。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述热熔胶和所述遮光填料的质量之比为1：0.2-1：0.4。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述胶膜层的厚度为0.03mm-0.1mm。
7.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述热熔胶加热至熔融状态后还加入增粘剂、分散剂、成膜剂、抗老化剂进行混合。
8.根据权利要求7所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述增粘剂选自松香树脂、萜烯、增粘树脂、增粘乳液其中一种或多种。
9.一种窗口布，其特征在于，根据权利要求1-8任意一项所述的制备方法制备得到。
10.根据权利要求9所述的窗口布在制备薄膜太阳能电池中的应用。
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