CN108796049B - 柑橘胼胝质合成酶基因家族的荧光定量pcr检测试剂盒和检测方法 - Google Patents
柑橘胼胝质合成酶基因家族的荧光定量pcr检测试剂盒和检测方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种柑橘胼胝质合成酶基因家族的荧光定量PCR检测试剂盒,包括12对荧光定量PCR检测引物,所述引物的序列如SEQ ID NO:3~26所示。还公开了一种柑橘胼胝质合成酶基因家族的荧光定量PCR检测方法,提取待测样品的总RNA,采用前述的试剂盒进行荧光定量PCR检测。本申请提供的12对引物能够通过荧光定量PCR方法快速、准确检测出柑橘胼胝质合成酶基因家族中的柑橘胼胝质合成酶基因,检测灵敏度高,检测结果准确、可靠,为防治柑橘黄龙病等的进一步研究打下基础。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及分子生物技术领域,具体涉及一种柑橘胼胝质合成酶基因家族的荧光定量PCR检测试剂盒和检测方法。
背景技术
胼胝质是以β-1,3糖苷键结合的线性葡聚多糖,属于细胞壁的特殊组分或是与细胞壁结合的物质,在植物中并非普遍存在,仅占细胞壁总重的0.3%-5%。胼胝质在细胞分裂时会在细胞板积累,并可沉积在胞间连丝周围调控胞间运输能力,也可出现在韧皮部筛孔板孔处。筛孔是营养物质和信号分子长距离运输的主要通道,因此,胼胝质的合成、积累和降解受到严格的调控以保障整株植物中物质的运输。
胼胝质由胼胝质合成酶(callose synthase,CalS)以UDP-葡聚糖为底物催化合成。CalS是一种分子量较大的蛋白,具有多个跨膜结构域,含有3个保守的功能域Vta1、FKS1和glucan synthase。拟南芥中含有12个CalS基因,这些基因在细胞板的形成、调节胞间连丝空隙、花粉发育、筛孔及纤维形成、韧皮部运输、配子发育、气孔形成及抗生物学和非生物学逆境等过程中具有不同的调节功能。
柑橘黄龙病(HuangLongBing,HLB)是影响柑橘产业的一种非常严重的系统性侵染病害,被称为柑橘产业的“癌症”。该病主要由韧皮部专性寄生的难培养的革兰氏阴性菌(Candidatus Liberibacter Asianian,CLas)引起。感染黄龙病的柑橘出现叶片斑驳状黄化,果实部分着色,使得产量降低、品质劣变,甚至树体死亡。asaoka等(Y Masaoka&APustika,2014)和Marcos等(V Mafra&PK Martins,2013)的研究均发现,感染柑橘黄龙病后在筛板的筛孔中伴随有胼胝质和韧皮部蛋白沉积的现象,推测认为胼胝质的过度积累导致韧皮部堵塞,光合产物运输受阻,叶肉中淀粉过度积累,叶绿素被破坏,最终导致叶片出现失绿症状。进一步研究柑橘中胼胝质合成酶基因在柑橘中的表达情况和对黄龙病病原的应答机制具有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对上述问题提供一种柑橘胼胝质合成酶基因家族的荧光定量PCR检测试剂盒和检测方法。
实现该目的的技术方案是:
一种柑橘胼胝质合成酶基因家族的荧光定量PCR检测试剂盒,包括12对荧光定量PCR检测引物,所述引物的序列如SEQ ID NO:3~26所示。
所述的检测试剂盒,还包括2×SYBRG荧光染料。
一种柑橘胼胝质合成酶基因家族的荧光定量PCR检测方法,提取待测样品的总RNA,利用上述试剂盒进行荧光定量PCR检测。
所述的荧光定量PCR检测的反应体系为12μL体系:4.4mL H2O,0.3μL 10mM上、下游引物,6μL 2×SYBRG荧光染料,1μL cDNA。
荧光定量PCR反应条件为:95℃10min,95℃15s,60℃1min,共40个循环。
本发明的有益效果是:本申请提供的12对引物能够通过荧光定量PCR方法快速、准确检测出柑橘胼胝质合成酶基因家族中的柑橘胼胝质合成酶基因,检测灵敏度高,检测结果准确、可靠,为防治柑橘黄龙病等的进一步研究打下基础。
附图说明
图1为CsCalS家族中功能域和跨膜区。
图2为柑橘与拟南芥中CalS基因编码氨基酸序列系统发育树。
图3为胼胝质合成酶基因在健康砂糖橘叶肉和叶脉中相对表达量检测结果图。
图4为胼胝质合成酶基因在健康强德勒柚叶肉和叶脉中相对表达量检测结果图。
图5为砂糖橘和强德勒柚黄龙病检测电泳图,其中,M:表示Mark,1:表示健康砂糖橘,2:表示感病砂糖橘,3:表示健康强德勒柚,4:表示感病强德勒柚。
图6为胼胝质合成酶基因在砂糖橘健康和感病叶脉中相对表达量检测结果图。
图7为胼胝质合成酶基因在强德勒柚健康和感病叶脉中相对表达量检测结果图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明,但并不因此而限制本发明。
下述实施例中的实验方法,如无特别说明,均为常规方法。
实施例1
一、材料与方法
实验品种为砂糖橘和强德勒柚,健康叶片取自中国农业科学院柑桔研究所改良中心苗圃,感染黄龙病的显症叶片取自广西感病果园。植物RNA和DNA提取试剂盒购自北京艾德莱公司,引物由成都擎科梓熙生物技术有限公司合成,反转录试剂盒及实时荧光染料购于BIO-RAD公司。
二、CsCalSs生物信息学分析
从甜橙基因组数据库(http://citrus.hzau.edu.cn/orange/)中查找并下载胼胝质合成酶(CsCalSs)家族基因的核苷酸序列。并根据基因序列,利用VectorNTI软件寻找开放阅读框(ORF),翻译出其氨基酸序列;用在线软件ProtParam(https://web.expasy.org/protparam/)对氨基酸序列的分子量、理论等电点(pI)进行预测;在线(http://citrus.hzau.edu.cn/cgi-bin/orange/blast)分析基因内含子、外显子数目及其开放阅读框的(ORF)的范围。使用smart软件(http://smart.embl-heidelberg.de/)在线预测CsCalSs蛋白的保守结构域,使用MEG7.0与拟南芥胼胝质合成酶家族基因进行比对和系统发育树的构建。
三、黄龙病病原检测
用DNA提取试剂盒分别提取砂糖橘和强德勒柚健康和感病叶片的叶脉DNA,并利用分光光度计检测提取的DNA浓度,利用引物OI1(5′-GCGCGTATGCAATACGAGCGGCA-3′,SEQID NO:27)/OI2C(5′-GCCTCGCGACTTCGCAACCCAT-3′,SEQ ID NO:28)(Jagoueix S,1994)进行黄龙病菌常规PCR检测。反应条件:95℃预变性3min;94℃30s;60℃20s;72℃1min30s,35个循环;72℃延伸10min;4℃保存。将PCR产物进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测。
四、实时荧光定量PCR分析
用RNA提取试剂盒提取健康砂糖橘和强德勒柚叶脉、叶肉的总RNA,感病砂糖橘和强德勒柚叶脉总RNA,并通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测其完整度。利用NCBI中PrimerBlast在线设计12个基因的定量引物,保证引物的特异性并尽量跨内含子区。以actin基因为内参,分别以健康砂糖橘和强德勒柚叶脉、叶肉的总RNA,感病砂糖橘和强德勒柚叶脉的总RNA为模板,使用表1所示的特异性引物通过实时逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR),分析这12个基因在健康砂糖橘和强德勒柚叶脉、叶肉中的相对表达和感病砂糖橘和强德勒柚叶脉中的相对表达量。
用Real-time PCR试剂盒定量分析CsCalS的基因表达量。使用甜橙actin作为内参。Real-time PCR的反应体系为12μL体系:4.4mL H2O,0.3μL 10mM上、下游引物,6μL 2×SYBRG荧光染料,1μL cDNA。反应条件:95℃10min;95℃15s;60℃1min;共40个循环。每个处理进行三次生物学重复和2次平行样重复。相对表达量采用2-△Ct法计算,使用Excel软件统计数据。
表1胼胝质合成酶(Callosesynthase,CalS)基因所用qPCR引物
五、结果与分析
1、CsCals基因的信息学分析
根据CsCals基因在柑橘染色体上的位置,按照编号由小到大的顺序分别命名为CsCalS1-CsCalS12。CsCalS1基因定位在1号染色体上,CsCalS2位于第2号染色体,CsCals3和CsCals 4位于第5号染色体,CsCals5/6/7/8/9位于第7号染色体,CsCals10/11/12在染色体上的位置未知。除CsCals10不含有内含子,其它胼胝质合成酶基因都含有数十个甚至上百个内含子。胼胝质合成酶基因的开放阅读框(ORF)的范围为1509bp至7602bp,编码502至2533个氨基酸(表2)。胼胝质合成酶的蛋白序列具有FKS1功能域和十多个跨膜区,跨膜结构域位于蛋白质的C-末端和N-末端(如图1所示)。
表2胼胝质合成酶基因的序列分析
CsCals基因之间的序列相似性在24%至98%之间变化,其中CsCals6/8/9同源性最高达90%以上。与拟南芥中12个胼胝质合成酶氨基酸序列相比较,除AtCalS外,柑橘中都能找到同源性高度匹配的胼胝质合成酶(如图2所示)。
2、CsCals基因在叶肉和叶脉中的表达分析
在健康的砂糖橘和强德勒柚叶片中,对12个胼胝质合成酶基因的分析显示,CsCals5和CsCals12在柑橘叶片中的的表达量高于其它胼胝质合成酶基因。CsCals4基因在柑橘叶脉中的表达量高于叶肉中的表达量(2.4-2.7倍)(图3和图4)。另外,砂糖橘叶片中,CsCals5和CsCals10在叶脉中的表达量也高于叶肉中的表达,分别是叶肉表达量的2.5倍和4.0倍(图3),而在强德勒柚叶片中CsCals8和CsCals11在叶脉中的表达量分别是叶肉表达量的4.4倍和2.8倍(图4)。
3、CsCals基因受黄龙病菌影响的表达分析
黄龙病菌是一种韧皮部专性寄生的细菌。分别提取砂糖橘和强德勒柚健康和感病叶片的叶脉DNA,进行黄龙病常规PCR检测,结果发现来自健康植株的叶片中未检测到黄龙病病原,而来自疫区植株的叶片扩增出明显的目的条带(如图5)。
在本次试验中,以富含韧皮部的叶脉为实验材料,检测胼胝质合成酶基因在黄龙病侵染后表达量的变化。实验结果发现,与健康对照相比,CsCals4、CsCals5、CsCals7和CsCals8在感病砂糖橘中表达上调,分别是对照的2.5倍、3.3倍、5.0倍和3.9倍(图6);CsCals5、CsCals7和CsCals8在感病强德勒柚中也分别上调表达3.3倍、5.1倍和5.0倍(图7)。其它胼胝质合成酶基因在柑橘感染黄龙病后未发现明显的变化。
4、分析结果
在分子进化分析(图2)中,CsCalS6、CsCalS8和CsCalS9聚在一起,具有很高的同源性,氨基酸水平序列相同性达90%以上。CsCalS7序列较短,仅编码502个氨基酸残基,且不具有FKS功能域,CsCalS8蛋白具有FKS功能域和N端跨膜区,但缺失C端的跨膜区。并且CsCalS7可与GenBank数据库中胼胝质合成酶基因XM006484824的4669-6177bp比对上,CSCalS8可与XM006484824的840-4554bp比对上,而两者长度分别为1509bp和3877bp,据此推测二者为同一基因。
据报道,在病原体攻击后,胼胝质可以沉积在质膜和细胞壁之间或气孔周围(M.McIntosh,2005)。它的沉积可以作为物理屏障阻止微生物穿透或通过阻止其获得宿主细胞的营养物来抑制病原体生长(Jacobs AK&Lipka V,2003)。AtCalS 1,5,9和10(GSL 6,2,10和8)由卵菌病原体Peronospora parasitica诱导,导致拟南芥的霜霉病。它们的表达水平也受到水杨酸处理的影响,并且在AtCalS1/GSL6中观察到最显著的诱导(Y Yu&LJiao,2015;W Cui&JY Lee,2016)。同样,在小麦中,游离脂肪酸抑制胼胝质合成酶活性可以改变小麦对禾谷镰刀菌的抗性(Blumke et al。2014)。在拟南芥中,AtCalS1、AtCalS5、AtCalS9、AtCalS10、AtCalS12参与对病原体感染的防御反应(X Dong&Z Hong,2008)。另外,在柠檬中沉默胼胝质合成酶基因CalS(CX305437),可以有效提高植物对柑桔黄单胞菌亚种的敏感性(R Enrique,2011)。序列比对显示CX305437与甜橙的CsCalS5高度同源,在本次实验中,CsCalS5基因在感病的砂糖橘和强德勒柚中均上调表达,推测可能参与柑橘对黄龙病病原的拮抗机制。
序列表
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Claims (5)
1.一种柑橘胼胝质合成酶基因家族的荧光定量PCR检测试剂盒,其特征在于,包括12对荧光定量PCR检测引物,所述引物的序列如SEQ ID NO:3~26所示。
2.如权利要求1所述的检测试剂盒,其特征在于,还包括2×SYBRG荧光染料。
3.一种柑橘胼胝质合成酶基因家族的荧光定量PCR检测方法,其特征在于,提取待测样品的总RNA,利用权利要求1或2的试剂盒进行荧光定量PCR检测。
4.如权利要求3所述的柑橘胼胝质合成酶基因家族的荧光定量PCR检测方法,其特征在于,所述的荧光定量PCR检测的反应体系为12μL体系:4.4mL H2O,0.3μL 10mM上、下游引物,6μL 2×SYBRG荧光染料,1μL cDNA。
5.如权利要求3或4所述的柑橘胼胝质合成酶基因家族的荧光定量PCR检测方法,其特征在于,荧光定量PCR反应条件为:95℃10min,95℃15s,60℃1min,共40个循环。
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