CN108782358A - A kind of cultural method of selenium-rich fish - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of selenium-rich fish Download PDFInfo
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- CN108782358A CN108782358A CN201810282774.6A CN201810282774A CN108782358A CN 108782358 A CN108782358 A CN 108782358A CN 201810282774 A CN201810282774 A CN 201810282774A CN 108782358 A CN108782358 A CN 108782358A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The present invention relates to technical field of aquaculture, and in particular to a kind of cultural method of selenium-rich fish, including step：1) selection of land；2) clear field disinfection；3) it plants and applies fertilizer to the subsoil：Rice seedling is planted after applying fertilizer to the subsoil；Base fertilizer is mainly by poultry fecaluria, pomace, filter mud of sugarcane, cake Hectometer, brown sugar, coal powder, electric manganese slag, humic acid and microorganism is fermented is made；4) fry is put；5) it raises：It is freely eaten when fry children, Se-enriched feedstuff is fed after growing into 0.5-1 times of substance weight；Se-enriched feedstuff is mainly by peanut powder, black sesame powder, rice meal, animal's liver powder, purple dustpan, vine tea, common vetch dish, kudzuvine root starch, konjaku flour, tealeaves, indocalamus leaf, Radix Astragali, dried orange peel, root of Aucklandia lappa Decne, Ah stomach, bone meal, selenoprotein, selenium-enriched edible mushroom powder and microbial inoculum is fermented is made；6) daily management.The present invention scientifically organically combines Rice Cropping with fish culture, is effectively increased the weight of fish, reduces illness rate, improves Se content, meat is solid delicious, fat but not greasy, full of nutrition.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of aquaculture, and in particular to a kind of cultural method of selenium-rich fish.
Background technology
Fishery -ies product because of its delicious meat, be rich in polyunsaturated fatty acid, become and ensure the very useful one kind of human health
Meat product, consumption figure is growing and is more than the growth rate of pork, beef and mutton, becomes main meat product source.Selenium is dimension
The required trace quantity mineral substance element of health is held, it has strong antioxidant action, can remove body lipid peroxide and oneself
By base to protect cell membrane, immunity of organisms and premunition are improved, protection human body resists external harmful substance.Selenium deficiency serious prestige
It coerces the health of people and causes potential hazard.There is a countries and regions selenium deficiency more than 40 in the world.It is low that China is in the earth
Selenium band, there are selenium deficiency for the degree from different places in the whole nation 72%.The deficiency for supplementing human body selenium in food, should have selenium intake to reach
Amount, it is in widespread attention.But absorption of the human body to selenium can only be drawn from Organic Selenium contained in food.Therefore by inorganic selenium
It is the key that selenium-supply that sorption enhanced by animal and plant, which is Organic Selenium,.In recent years, agricultural science and technology worker and raiser not
Under slack effort, various types of Se-enriched feedstuff or feed addictive is made, breeding selenium rich fish makes people directly be obtained from selenium-rich fish meat
Take selenium element.But additives function is single in the feed of selenium-rich fish, nutrition is dull, and in feed selenium element cannot well by
Fish absorbs and digestion, causes selenium-rich fish slow-growing, and body weight increase is slow, reduces selenium-rich fish economic benefit.
Invention content
The goal of the invention of the present invention is：In view of the above problems, a kind of cultural method of selenium-rich fish is provided, by water
Seed rice plant is scientifically organically combined with fish culture, can increase the food-intake of fish, and fish is promoted quickly and effectively to absorb the elements such as selenium, calcium,
Feed is fully used, and is effectively increased the weight of fish, reduces illness rate, improves Se content, and meat is solid delicious, fertilizer without
It is greasy, it is full of nutrition.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of cultural method of selenium-rich fish, specifically includes following steps：
(1) selection of land：Selection field base is secured, has abundant water resources, the convenient rice field of irrigation and drainage, is set at rice field water inlet and discharge outlet
Iron net is set, prevents that fry from escaping and harmful organisms and wild fishes ovum, seed enter rice field；
(2) clear field disinfection：Rice water in field is drained, dry field of deep ploughing, disinfection；
(3) it plants and applies fertilizer to the subsoil：The water disinfected is poured into rice field, applies base fertilizer further according to soil fertility to train
Fertile water quality of paddy field enters rice seedling kind in rice field；
The base fertilizer is mainly made of following raw material：Poultry fecaluria, pomace, filter mud of sugarcane, cake Hectometer, brown sugar, coal powder,
Electric manganese slag, humic acid and microorganism；
(4) fry is put：After rice seedling is planted 20-30 days, neat specification, physical strong, disease-free and injury-free fry are selected, is thrown
Rice field is put, launches 300-500 tails per acre；
(5) it raises：Period when fry children is freely eaten, and after 0.5-1 times that fry grows into substance weight, feeds daily
1-3 Se-enriched feedstuff, until capture；
The Se-enriched feedstuff is mainly made of following raw material：Peanut powder, black sesame powder, rice meal, animal's liver powder, purple
Dustpan, vine tea, common vetch dish, kudzuvine root starch, konjaku flour, tealeaves, indocalamus leaf, Radix Astragali, dried orange peel, root of Aucklandia lappa Decne, Ah stomach, bone meal, selenoprotein, selenium-enriched edible mushroom
Powder and microbial inoculum；
(6) daily management：Periodically plus water is changed, according to water colour situation, impose base fertilizer described in step (3) in right amount, per sooner or later
Respectively it spilled once.
Preferably, base fertilizer described in step (3) is mainly made of following raw material：20-30 parts of poultry fecaluria, pomace
20-40 parts, 20-40 parts of filter mud of sugarcane, 20-25 parts of cake Hectometer, 10-15 parts of brown sugar, 10-20 parts of coal powder, electric manganese slag 15-20
0.5-1 parts of part, 10-15 parts of humic acid and microorganism.
Preferably, microorganism described in step (3) is mould by the nitrobacteria of equal mass ratioes, actinomyces, saccharomycete, filiform
One or more in bacterium and dynamic glue bacterium mix.
Preferably, the preparation method of base fertilizer described in step (3) is：
S1：Brown sugar is dissolved in warm water, microorganism is put into, cultivates 1-2h, microorganism liquid is made, it is spare；
S2：Poultry fecaluria, pomace, filter mud of sugarcane, cake Hectometer, coal powder, electric manganese slag and humic acid are placed in fermentation vat,
It is even to be spilled into microorganism liquid, be sealed by fermentation 2-3 weeks after being uniformly mixed, pick up be placed in dried under sunlight after crush, be made institute
State base fertilizer.
Preferably, Se-enriched feedstuff described in step (5) is mainly made of following raw material：It is 20-40 parts of peanut powder, black
10-20 parts of black sesame powder, 15-20 parts of rice meal, 10-30 parts of animal's liver powder, purple 20-40 parts of dustpan, 20-30 parts of vine tea, common vetch dish 25-
30 parts, 20-25 parts of kudzuvine root starch, 20-25 parts of konjaku flour, 10-15 parts of tealeaves, 10-20 parts of indocalamus leaf, 10-25 parts of Radix Astragali, dried orange peel 10-20
Part, 5-15 parts of root of Aucklandia lappa Decne, 10-15 parts of Ah stomach, 20-40 parts of bone meal, 20-25 parts of selenoprotein, 10-15 parts of selenium-enriched edible mushroom powder and microbial inoculum
0.5-1 parts.
Preferably, microbial inoculum described in step (5) is by the saccharomycete of equal mass ratioes, production Ruan Candida, brewer's yeast, plant
One or more in object lactobacillus, bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis mix.
Preferably, the preparation method of Se-enriched feedstuff described in step (5) is：
A. after mixing by peanut powder, black sesame powder, rice meal, animal's liver powder and bone meal, the microbial inoculum of half is admixed,
While waterside is added to stir, until raw material is pinched agglomerating dripped without water with hand and stops adding water, film, spontaneous fermentation 5-7 are covered
It；
B. it is cut after cleaning purple dustpan, vine tea, common vetch dish, kudzuvine root starch, konjaku flour, tealeaves, indocalamus leaf, Radix Astragali, dried orange peel, root of Aucklandia lappa Decne and Ah stomach
It is broken, it is added in the fermentate of step a, and remaining microbial inoculum is added, continues fermentation 3-5 days after stirring evenly, it is spare；
C. selenoprotein, selenium-enriched edible mushroom powder are admixed in the fermentate of step b, continues fermentation 1-2 days, fishing after stirring evenly
It rises and drains surface moisture, obtain solid material, it is spare；
D. the solid material of step c is placed in oil cauldron and is constantly stir-fried, it is 10-15% to fry to moisture, and the Se-enriched feedstuff is made.
In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1, Se-enriched feedstuff of the invention mainly by peanut powder, black sesame powder, rice meal, animal's liver powder, purple dustpan, vine tea,
Common vetch dish, kudzuvine root starch, konjaku flour, tealeaves, indocalamus leaf, Radix Astragali, dried orange peel, root of Aucklandia lappa Decne, Ah stomach, bone meal, selenoprotein, selenium-enriched edible mushroom powder and microbial inoculum
It is equal that raw materials are fermented is made；Wherein, abundant protein, fat are contained in peanut powder, black sesame powder, rice meal and animal's liver powder
Nutritional ingredient needed for the fishes such as fat, vitamin makes fish Fast Growth, and contains certain Se content；Purple dustpan, vine tea, kudzuvine root starch, evil spirit
Contain higher Se content in taro powder and common vetch dish, considerably increase the selenium content of feed, also there is certain bactericidal effect, enhancing
Immune function；The active ingredient contained in tealeaves, indocalamus leaf and Radix Astragali has extensive bactericidal effect, wide sterilization spectrum；Dried orange peel, root of Aucklandia lappa Decne
And Ah stomach has special aromatic odor, has attractant effect, increases the food-intake of fish, while also having certain sterilization and disinsection
Effect；Containing poised selenium element in bone meal, selenoprotein and selenium-enriched edible mushroom powder；Together by these material mixings, it increases
The nutritional ingredient for having added feed, makes feed nutrition be balanced, and to dramatically increase fish body weight, yield is high.But due to thick egg
In vain, the nutriments such as crude fat, crude fibre are difficult to be digested absorption, after the fermentation process of microorganism so that institute in feed
The organic matter degradations such as starch-containing, protein and cellulose are monosaccharide and disaccharide, amino acid and trace element etc., feed is promoted to soften,
It becomes perfumed and more agreeable to the taste, crude protein, crude fat, crude fibre etc. that those are not easy to be absorbed and used finally is made to be converted to and can be absorbed
Nutriment, improve the digestion, absorption of nutriment and utilization rate in feed, and the various metabolism production that microorganism generates
Object (such as various acids, enzyme, antibiotic, bacteriocidin, somatomedin) is also mixed in feed, harmful bacteria can be inhibited to grow,
The stabilization for maintaining fish intestinal microflora, promotes to digest and assimilate, to improve the immunity and disease resistance of fish, increases fish
Food-intake promotes fish quickly and effectively to absorb the elements such as selenium, calcium, and feed is fully used, and is effectively increased the weight of fish, reduces and suffers from
Sick rate improves Se content, and meat is solid delicious, fat but not greasy, full of nutrition.
2, the cultural method of selenium-rich fish of the invention scientifically organically combines Rice Cropping and fish culture in same ecology
In environment, make full use of the resources such as soil, base fertilizer of the invention be by poultry fecaluria, pomace, filter mud of sugarcane, cake Hectometer, brown sugar,
Coal powder, electric manganese slag, humic acid and microorganism is fermented is made, considerably increase base fertilizer nutritional ingredient, apply it to rice field
In, the nutrient of effective activation soil and water quality, and nitrobacteria, actinomyces, filamentary mould and dynamic glue bacterium can be effective in microorganism
The nitrogen nutrition ingredient that nitrogen substance conversion adult fish is absorbed, accelerates the speed of fermentation, can also effectively decompose having in water
Machine pollutant, purified water reduce germ and grow, to promote the growth and breeding of the seedlings of cereal crops and other biological in rice field, provided for fish
Natural activity feed, fish by rice field migration ingest weeds in paddy field, the pest that eats, dragonfly, spiral shell, zooplankter, humus
Equal substances, effectively reduce feeding for fish meal, and meat is solid tasty, and fatty low, unique flavor, nutritive value is high, then
The feed for feeding the present invention can effectively solve the problem that the fish speed of growth during rice field fish culture is slow, and low output and poor quality etc. are asked
Topic, while fish eats pest in rice field and weeds, reduces and endangers the seedlings of cereal crops, to promote seedlings of cereal crops healthy growth, improves yield.
Specific implementation mode
Technical scheme of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described embodiment is only
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
The every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise defined, all of technologies and scientific terms used here by the article and belong to the technical field of the present invention
The normally understood meaning of technical staff is identical.Used term is intended merely to description tool in the description of the invention herein
The purpose of the embodiment of body, it is not intended that in the limitation present invention.Term " and or " used herein includes one or more phases
Any and all combinations of the Listed Items of pass.
Embodiment 1
1, the preparation of base fertilizer
Base fertilizer is mainly made of following raw material：20 parts of poultry fecaluria, 20 parts of pomace, 20 parts of filter mud of sugarcane, cake Hectometer
0.5 part of 20 parts, 10 parts of brown sugar, 10 parts of coal powder, 15 parts of electric manganese slag, 10 parts of humic acid and microorganism；Wherein, microorganism be by
The nitrobacteria of equal mass ratioes and saccharomycete mix.
The expectation of said ratio is prepared into base fertilizer using following methods, specifically includes following steps：
S1：Brown sugar is dissolved in warm water, microorganism is put into, cultivates 1h, microorganism liquid is made, it is spare；
S2：Poultry fecaluria, pomace, filter mud of sugarcane, cake Hectometer, coal powder, electric manganese slag and humic acid are placed in fermentation vat,
It is even to be spilled into microorganism liquid, be sealed by fermentation 2 weeks after being uniformly mixed, pick up be placed in dried under sunlight after crush, be made described
Base fertilizer.
2, the preparation of Se-enriched feedstuff
Se-enriched feedstuff is mainly made of following raw material：20 parts of peanut powder, 10 parts of black sesame powder, 15 parts of rice meal,
10 parts of animal's liver powder, purple 20 parts of dustpan, 20 parts of vine tea, 25 parts of common vetch dish, 20 parts of kudzuvine root starch, 20 parts of konjaku flour, 10 parts of tealeaves, indocalamus leaf 10
Part, 10 parts of Radix Astragali, 10 parts of dried orange peel, 5 parts of root of Aucklandia lappa Decne, 10 parts of Ah stomach, 20 parts of bone meal, 20 parts of selenoprotein, 10 parts of selenium-enriched edible mushroom powder and
0.5 part of microbial inoculum；
Wherein, microbial inoculum is mixed by the saccharomycete and lactobacillus plantarum of equal mass ratioes.
The expectation of said ratio is prepared into Se-enriched feedstuff using following methods, specifically includes following steps：
A. after mixing by peanut powder, black sesame powder, rice meal, animal's liver powder and bone meal, the microbial inoculum of half is admixed,
While waterside is added to stir, until raw material is pinched agglomerating dripped without water with hand and stops adding water, film, spontaneous fermentation 5 days are covered；
B. it is cut after cleaning purple dustpan, vine tea, common vetch dish, kudzuvine root starch, konjaku flour, tealeaves, indocalamus leaf, Radix Astragali, dried orange peel, root of Aucklandia lappa Decne and Ah stomach
It is broken, it is added in the fermentate of step a, and remaining microbial inoculum is added, continues fermentation 3 days after stirring evenly, it is spare；
C. selenoprotein, selenium-enriched edible mushroom powder are admixed in the fermentate of step b, continues fermentation 1 day after stirring evenly, picks up
Surface moisture is drained, solid material is obtained, it is spare；
D. the solid material of step c is placed in oil cauldron and is constantly stir-fried, it is 10% to fry to moisture, and the Se-enriched feedstuff is made.
3, by the above-mentioned base fertilizer being prepared, Se-enriched feedstuff in the cultural method of selenium-rich fish, specifically including following step
Suddenly：
(1) selection of land：Selection field base is secured, has abundant water resources, the convenient rice field of irrigation and drainage, is set at rice field water inlet and discharge outlet
Iron net is set, prevents that fry from escaping and harmful organisms and wild fishes ovum, seed enter rice field；
(2) clear field disinfection：Rice water in field is drained, dry field of deep ploughing, disinfection；
(3) it plants and applies fertilizer to the subsoil：The water disinfected is poured into rice field, applies above-mentioned be made further according to soil fertility
Base fertilizer with water quality of paddy field of increasing fertilizer, rice seedling kind is entered in rice field；
(4) fry is put：After rice seedling is planted 20 days, neat specification, physical strong, disease-free and injury-free fry are selected, is launched
300 tails are launched in rice field per acre；
(5) it raises：Period when fry children is freely eaten, after fry grows into 0.5 times of substance weight, feeds daily 1 time
Se-enriched feedstuff obtained above, until capture；
(6) daily management：Periodically plus water is changed, according to water colour situation, impose base fertilizer described in step (3) in right amount, per sooner or later
Respectively it spilled once.
Embodiment 2
1, the preparation of base fertilizer
Base fertilizer is mainly made of following raw material：25 parts of poultry fecaluria, 30 parts of pomace, 30 parts of filter mud of sugarcane, cake Hectometer
0.7 part of 23 parts, 13 parts of brown sugar, 15 parts of coal powder, 17 parts of electric manganese slag, 13 parts of humic acid and microorganism；Wherein, microorganism be by
Actinomyces, saccharomycete and the dynamic glue bacterium of equal mass ratioes mix.
The expectation of said ratio is prepared into base fertilizer using following methods, specifically includes following steps：
S1：Brown sugar is dissolved in warm water, microorganism is put into, cultivates 1.5h, microorganism liquid is made, it is spare；
S2：Poultry fecaluria, pomace, filter mud of sugarcane, cake Hectometer, coal powder, electric manganese slag and humic acid are placed in fermentation vat,
It is even to be spilled into microorganism liquid, be sealed by fermentation 2.5 weeks after being uniformly mixed, pick up be placed in dried under sunlight after crush, be made institute
State base fertilizer.
2, the preparation of Se-enriched feedstuff
Se-enriched feedstuff is mainly made of following raw material：30 parts of peanut powder, 15 parts of black sesame powder, 17 parts of rice meal,
20 parts of animal's liver powder, purple 30 parts of dustpan, 25 parts of vine tea, 27 parts of common vetch dish, 23 parts of kudzuvine root starch, 23 parts of konjaku flour, 13 parts of tealeaves, indocalamus leaf 15
Part, 18 parts of Radix Astragali, 15 parts of dried orange peel, 10 parts of root of Aucklandia lappa Decne, 13 parts of Ah stomach, 30 parts of bone meal, 23 parts of selenoprotein, 13 parts of selenium-enriched edible mushroom powder and
0.7 part of microbial inoculum；
Wherein, microbial inoculum be by the saccharomycete of equal mass ratioes, production Ruan Candida, brewer's yeast and lactobacillus plantarum mixing and
At.
The expectation of said ratio is prepared into Se-enriched feedstuff using following methods, specifically includes following steps：
A. after mixing by peanut powder, black sesame powder, rice meal, animal's liver powder and bone meal, the microbial inoculum of half is admixed,
While waterside is added to stir, until raw material is pinched agglomerating dripped without water with hand and stops adding water, film, spontaneous fermentation 6 days are covered；
B. it is cut after cleaning purple dustpan, vine tea, common vetch dish, kudzuvine root starch, konjaku flour, tealeaves, indocalamus leaf, Radix Astragali, dried orange peel, root of Aucklandia lappa Decne and Ah stomach
It is broken, it is added in the fermentate of step a, and remaining microbial inoculum is added, continues fermentation 4 days after stirring evenly, it is spare；
C. selenoprotein, selenium-enriched edible mushroom powder are admixed in the fermentate of step b, continues fermentation 1.5 days, fishing after stirring evenly
It rises and drains surface moisture, obtain solid material, it is spare；
D. the solid material of step c is placed in oil cauldron and is constantly stir-fried, it is 13% to fry to moisture, and the Se-enriched feedstuff is made.
3, by the above-mentioned base fertilizer being prepared, Se-enriched feedstuff in the cultural method of selenium-rich fish, specifically including following step
Suddenly：
(1) selection of land：Selection field base is secured, has abundant water resources, the convenient rice field of irrigation and drainage, is set at rice field water inlet and discharge outlet
Iron net is set, prevents that fry from escaping and harmful organisms and wild fishes ovum, seed enter rice field；
(2) clear field disinfection：Rice water in field is drained, dry field of deep ploughing, disinfection；
(3) it plants and applies fertilizer to the subsoil：The water disinfected is poured into rice field, applies above-mentioned be made further according to soil fertility
Base fertilizer with water quality of paddy field of increasing fertilizer, rice seedling kind is entered in rice field；
(4) fry is put：After rice seedling is planted 25 days, neat specification, physical strong, disease-free and injury-free fry are selected, is launched
400 tails are launched in rice field per acre；
(5) it raises：Period when fry children is freely eaten, after fry grows into 0.7 times of substance weight, feeds daily 2 times
Se-enriched feedstuff obtained above, until capture；
(6) daily management：Periodically plus water is changed, according to water colour situation, impose base fertilizer described in step (3) in right amount, per sooner or later
Respectively it spilled once.
Embodiment 3
1, the preparation of base fertilizer
Base fertilizer is mainly made of following raw material：30 parts of poultry fecaluria, 40 parts of pomace, 40 parts of filter mud of sugarcane, cake Hectometer
1 part of 25 parts, 15 parts of brown sugar, 20 parts of coal powder, 20 parts of electric manganese slag, 15 parts of humic acid and microorganism；Wherein, microorganism be by etc.
Nitrobacteria, actinomyces, saccharomycete, filamentary mould and the dynamic glue bacterium of mass ratio mix.
The expectation of said ratio is prepared into base fertilizer using following methods, specifically includes following steps：
S1：Brown sugar is dissolved in warm water, microorganism is put into, cultivates 2h, microorganism liquid is made, it is spare；
S2：Poultry fecaluria, pomace, filter mud of sugarcane, cake Hectometer, coal powder, electric manganese slag and humic acid are placed in fermentation vat,
It is even to be spilled into microorganism liquid, be sealed by fermentation 3 weeks after being uniformly mixed, pick up be placed in dried under sunlight after crush, be made described
Base fertilizer.
2, the preparation of Se-enriched feedstuff
Se-enriched feedstuff is mainly made of following raw material：40 parts of peanut powder, 20 parts of black sesame powder, 20 parts of rice meal,
30 parts of animal's liver powder, purple 40 parts of dustpan, 30 parts of vine tea, 30 parts of common vetch dish, 25 parts of kudzuvine root starch, 25 parts of konjaku flour, 15 parts of tealeaves, indocalamus leaf 20
Part, 25 parts of Radix Astragali, 20 parts of dried orange peel, 15 parts of root of Aucklandia lappa Decne, 15 parts of Ah stomach, 40 parts of bone meal, 25 parts of selenoprotein, 15 parts of selenium-enriched edible mushroom powder and
1 part of microbial inoculum；
Wherein, microbial inoculum is by the saccharomycete of equal mass ratioes, production Ruan Candida, brewer's yeast, lactobacillus plantarum, withered grass bud
Spore bacillus and bacillus licheniformis mix.
The expectation of said ratio is prepared into Se-enriched feedstuff using following methods, specifically includes following steps：
A. after mixing by peanut powder, black sesame powder, rice meal, animal's liver powder and bone meal, the microbial inoculum of half is admixed,
While waterside is added to stir, until raw material is pinched agglomerating dripped without water with hand and stops adding water, film, spontaneous fermentation 7 days are covered；
B. it is cut after cleaning purple dustpan, vine tea, common vetch dish, kudzuvine root starch, konjaku flour, tealeaves, indocalamus leaf, Radix Astragali, dried orange peel, root of Aucklandia lappa Decne and Ah stomach
It is broken, it is added in the fermentate of step a, and remaining microbial inoculum is added, continues fermentation 5 days after stirring evenly, it is spare；
C. selenoprotein, selenium-enriched edible mushroom powder are admixed in the fermentate of step b, continues fermentation 2 days after stirring evenly, picks up
Surface moisture is drained, solid material is obtained, it is spare；
D. the solid material of step c is placed in oil cauldron and is constantly stir-fried, it is 15% to fry to moisture, and the Se-enriched feedstuff is made.
3, by the above-mentioned base fertilizer being prepared, Se-enriched feedstuff in the cultural method of selenium-rich fish, specifically including following step
Suddenly：
(1) selection of land：Selection field base is secured, has abundant water resources, the convenient rice field of irrigation and drainage, is set at rice field water inlet and discharge outlet
Iron net is set, prevents that fry from escaping and harmful organisms and wild fishes ovum, seed enter rice field；
(2) clear field disinfection：Rice water in field is drained, dry field of deep ploughing, disinfection；
(3) it plants and applies fertilizer to the subsoil：The water disinfected is poured into rice field, applies above-mentioned be made further according to soil fertility
Base fertilizer with water quality of paddy field of increasing fertilizer, rice seedling kind is entered in rice field；
(4) fry is put：After rice seedling is planted 30 days, neat specification, physical strong, disease-free and injury-free fry are selected, is launched
500 tails are launched in rice field per acre；
(5) it raises：Period when fry children is freely eaten, after fry grows into 1 times of substance weight, feeds daily on 3 times
Se-enriched feedstuff obtained is stated, until capture；
(6) daily management：Periodically plus water is changed, according to water colour situation, impose base fertilizer described in step (3) in right amount, per sooner or later
Respectively it spilled once.
The applicant has done a large number of experiments during the test, now arranges part test as follows：Selection scale is identical
Rice field starts to launch fry on 2 1st, 2018, chooses 30 essentially identical fishes of size and puts signs on, and weigh, tries
During testing, fish is unrestricted.Observed, and counted daily, calculated after 1 year the Se content of fish, average weight gain amount and at
Motility rate, test result refer to the following table 1 and table 2.
Experiment 1：Examine the effect of the Se-enriched feedstuff of the present invention
Control group：Common fish meal is fed, other cultural methods are identical as the embodiment of the present invention 1.
1st group：Se-enriched feedstuff is by raw material peanut powder, black sesame powder, rice meal, animal's liver powder, saccharomycete and beer
Yeast 1 mode of embodiment according to the invention is prepared, other cultural methods are identical as the embodiment of the present invention 1.
2nd group：Se-enriched feedstuff is by raw material purple dustpan, vine tea, common vetch dish, kudzuvine root starch, konjaku flour, saccharomycete and production Ruan's Candida
1 mode of embodiment according to the invention is prepared, other cultural methods are identical as the embodiment of the present invention 1.
3rd group：Se-enriched feedstuff is by raw material tea leaf, indocalamus leaf, Radix Astragali, dried orange peel, root of Aucklandia lappa Decne, Ah stomach, bone meal, selenoprotein, selenium-rich
Powder of edible fungus, saccharomycete and lactobacillus plantarum 1 mode of embodiment according to the invention are prepared, other cultural methods and this hair
Bright embodiment 1 is identical.
4th group：Se-enriched feedstuff is by raw material peanut powder, black sesame powder, rice meal, animal's liver powder, purple dustpan, vine tea, common vetch
Dish, kudzuvine root starch, konjaku flour, saccharomycete and bacillus subtilis 1 mode of embodiment according to the invention are prepared, other cultivation sides
Method is identical as the embodiment of the present invention 1.
5th group：Se-enriched feedstuff be by raw material purple dustpan, vine tea, common vetch dish, kudzuvine root starch, konjaku flour, tealeaves, indocalamus leaf, Radix Astragali, dried orange peel,
Root of Aucklandia lappa Decne, Ah stomach, bone meal, selenoprotein, selenium-enriched edible mushroom powder, saccharomycete and bacillus licheniformis 1 side of embodiment according to the invention
Formula is prepared, other cultural methods are identical as the embodiment of the present invention 1.
6th group：The embodiment of the present invention 1.
7th group：The embodiment of the present invention 2.
8th group：The embodiment of the present invention 3.
Table 1 feeds Se content, average weight gain amount and the survival rate of fish after feed
| Control group | 1st group | 2nd group | 3rd group | 4th group | 5th group | 6th group | 7th group | 8th group | |
| Average weight gain amount/g | 45 | 68 | 53 | 65 | 73 | 76 | 130 | 137 | 143 |
| Se content % | 8 | 13 | 22 | 18 | 25 | 28 | 33 | 35 | 37 |
| Survival rate % | 65 | 70 | 75 | 80 | 78 | 85 | 89 | 91 | 95 |
As known from Table 1, it is the part material in the present invention that the raw material used in Se-enriched feedstuff is prepared in 1-5 groups, is fed
Se-enriched feedstuff obtained in 1-5 groups, Se content, average weight gain amount and survival rate the increasing than control group of fish,
But lower than the embodiment of the present invention 1, and 6-8 groups are the embodiment of the present invention 1-3 respectively, with Se-enriched feedstuff parts by weight of raw materials
Increase, Se content, average weight gain amount and the survival rate of fish also improve therewith.In conclusion the Se-enriched feedstuff formula of the present invention is most
To be scientific and reasonable, Se-enriched feedstuff produced by the present invention be applied in the fish culture method of the present invention, the food-intake of fish can be increased,
Fish is promoted quickly and effectively to absorb the elements such as selenium, calcium, feed is fully used, and to increase the weight of fish, is reduced illness rate, is carried
High Se content, meat is solid delicious, fat but not greasy, full of nutrition.
Experiment 2：Examine the effect of base fertilizer of the present invention
Control group：Common rice field fish culture method.
1st group：Base fertilizer raw material is that poultry fecaluria and saccharomycete 1 mode of embodiment according to the invention are prepared, and is fed
Common fish meal, other cultural methods are identical as the embodiment of the present invention 1.
2nd group：Base fertilizer raw material is poultry fecaluria, pomace, filter mud of sugarcane, cake Hectometer, filamentary mould and dynamic glue bacterium according to this hair
Bright 1 mode of embodiment is prepared, other cultural methods are identical as the embodiment of the present invention 1.
3rd group：Base fertilizer raw material is brown sugar, coal powder, electric manganese slag, humic acid, nitrobacteria and actinomyces according to this hair
Bright 1 mode of embodiment is prepared, other cultural methods are identical as the embodiment of the present invention 1.
As known from Table 2, it is the part material in the present invention that the raw material used in base fertilizer is prepared in 1-3 groups, after application, fish
Average weight gain amount and survival rate increase than control group, it is but lower than the embodiment of the present invention 1, and the embodiment of the present invention
1-3, as base fertilizer parts by weight of raw materials increases, the average weight gain amount and survival rate of fish also improve therewith.In conclusion the present invention
Base fertilizer formula is the most scientific and reasonable, base fertilizer produced by the present invention is applied in the fish culture method of the present invention, by Rice Cropping
It is scientifically organically combined with fish culture, effectively fertile paddy soil and water quality promote biological growth in rice field and both bred, is
Fish provides more natural activated feeds, and meat is solid delicious, fat but not greasy, promotes fish growth, increases the average weight gain of fish
Amount and survival rate, and then increase the culture efficiency of fish.
Table 2 applies the average weight gain amount and survival rate of fish after base fertilizer
| Control group | 1st group | 2nd group | 3rd group | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | |
| Average weight gain amount/g | 35 | 43 | 49 | 57 | 85 | 97 | 108 |
| Survival rate % | 54 | 45 | 58 | 61 | 73 | 75 | 77 |
Above description is the detailed description for the present invention preferably possible embodiments, but embodiment is not limited to this hair
Bright patent claim, it is all the present invention suggested by technical spirit under completed same changes or modifications change, should all belong to
In the covered the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of cultural method of selenium-rich fish, which is characterized in that specifically include following steps：
(1) selection of land：Selection field base is secured, has abundant water resources, the convenient rice field of irrigation and drainage, and iron is arranged at rice field water inlet and discharge outlet
Net, prevents that fry from escaping and harmful organisms and wild fishes ovum, seed enter rice field；
(2) clear field disinfection：Rice water in field is drained, dry field of deep ploughing, disinfection；
(3) it plants and applies fertilizer to the subsoil：The water disinfected is poured into rice field, applies base fertilizer further according to soil fertility with rice of increasing fertilizer
Water in field matter enters rice seedling kind in rice field；
The base fertilizer is mainly made of following raw material：Poultry fecaluria, pomace, filter mud of sugarcane, cake Hectometer, brown sugar, coal powder, electric manganese
Slag, humic acid and microorganism；
(4) fry is put：After rice seedling is planted 20-30 days, neat specification, physical strong, disease-free and injury-free fry are selected, launches rice
300-500 tails are launched in field per acre；
(5) it raises：Period when fry children is freely eaten, and after 0.5-1 times that fry grows into substance weight, feeds 1-3 times daily
Se-enriched feedstuff, until capture；
The Se-enriched feedstuff is mainly made of following raw material：Peanut powder, black sesame powder, rice meal, animal's liver powder, purple dustpan, rattan
Tea, common vetch dish, kudzuvine root starch, konjaku flour, tealeaves, indocalamus leaf, Radix Astragali, dried orange peel, root of Aucklandia lappa Decne, Ah stomach, bone meal, selenoprotein, selenium-enriched edible mushroom powder and
Microbial inoculum；
(6) daily management：Periodically plus water is changed, according to water colour situation, impose base fertilizer described in step (3) in right amount, sprinkled per sooner or later each
It spills primary.
2. the cultural method of selenium-rich fish according to claim 1, which is characterized in that base fertilizer described in step (3) mainly by
Following raw material is made：It is 20-30 parts of poultry fecaluria, 20-40 parts of pomace, 20-40 parts of filter mud of sugarcane, 20-25 parts of cake Hectometer, red
0.5-1 parts of 10-15 parts of granulated sugar, 10-20 parts of coal powder, 15-20 parts of electric manganese slag, 10-15 parts of humic acid and microorganism.
3. the cultural method of selenium-rich fish according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Microorganism is described in step (3)
It is mixed by one or more in the nitrobacteria of equal mass ratioes, actinomyces, saccharomycete, filamentary mould and dynamic glue bacterium.
4. the cultural method of selenium-rich fish according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the preparation of base fertilizer described in step (3)
Method is：
S1：Brown sugar is dissolved in warm water, microorganism is put into, cultivates 1-2h, microorganism liquid is made, it is spare；
S2：Poultry fecaluria, pomace, filter mud of sugarcane, cake Hectometer, coal powder, electric manganese slag and humic acid are placed in fermentation vat, uniformly spilt
Biological fluids in a subtle way are sealed by fermentation 2-3 weeks after being uniformly mixed, pick up be placed in dried under sunlight after crush, be made the bottom
Fertilizer.
5. the cultural method of selenium-rich fish according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Se-enriched feedstuff master described in step (5)
It to be made of following raw material：20-40 parts of peanut powder, 10-20 parts of black sesame powder, 15-20 parts of rice meal, animal's liver powder
10-30 parts, purple 20-40 parts of dustpan, 20-30 parts of vine tea, 25-30 parts of common vetch dish, 20-25 parts of kudzuvine root starch, 20-25 parts of konjaku flour, tealeaves 10-
15 parts, 10-20 parts of indocalamus leaf, 10-25 parts of Radix Astragali, 10-20 parts of dried orange peel, 5-15 parts of root of Aucklandia lappa Decne, 10-15 parts of Ah stomach, 20-40 parts of bone meal,
0.5-1 parts of 20-25 parts of selenoprotein, 10-15 parts of selenium-enriched edible mushroom powder and microbial inoculum.
6. the cultural method of selenium-rich fish according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterised in that：Microbial inoculum described in step (5) be by
Saccharomycete, production Ruan Candida, brewer's yeast, lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus subtilis and the bacillus licheniformis of equal mass ratioes
In one or more mix.
7. the cultural method of selenium-rich fish according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Se-enriched feedstuff described in step (5)
Preparation method is：
A. after mixing by peanut powder, black sesame powder, rice meal, animal's liver powder and bone meal, the microbial inoculum of half, Bian Jia are admixed
Waterside is stirred, until raw material is pinched agglomerating dripped without water with hand and stops adding water, covers film, spontaneous fermentation 5-7 days；
B. by purple dustpan, vine tea, common vetch dish, kudzuvine root starch, konjaku flour, tealeaves, indocalamus leaf, Radix Astragali, dried orange peel, root of Aucklandia lappa Decne and Ah stomach's cleaning and chopping,
It is added in the fermentate of step a, and remaining microbial inoculum is added, continue fermentation 3-5 days after stirring evenly, it is spare；
C. selenoprotein, selenium-enriched edible mushroom powder are admixed in the fermentate of step b, continues fermentation 1-2 days after stirring evenly, picks up drip
Dry surface moisture obtains solid material, spare；
D. the solid material of step c is placed in oil cauldron and is constantly stir-fried, it is 10-15% to fry to moisture, and the Se-enriched feedstuff is made.
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