CN108782246A - A kind of method of dry green pepper local varieties Fast Purification rejuvenation - Google Patents
A kind of method of dry green pepper local varieties Fast Purification rejuvenation Download PDFInfo
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- CN108782246A CN108782246A CN201810631844.4A CN201810631844A CN108782246A CN 108782246 A CN108782246 A CN 108782246A CN 201810631844 A CN201810631844 A CN 201810631844A CN 108782246 A CN108782246 A CN 108782246A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
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Abstract
The invention belongs to capsicum breeding technique fields, more particularly to a kind of method of dry green pepper local varieties Fast Purification rejuvenation, specific method is using the capsicum of Hybridization and degeneration as initial population, tissue cultures are carried out to anther, obtain haplobiont, and chromosome doubling is carried out, normal plant is obtained, and harvest seed.Seed is divided into three parts, a to be planted in the higher area of atmospheric humidity, evaluation disease resistance；Portion evaluates Comprehensive Traits in the area plantation of optimum chili growth, a to be planted in source area, evaluates quality.Outstanding single plant is showed three to reserve seed for planting, that is, is got bumper crops, is high-quality, the dry green pepper kind that highly resistance, high fatty acid content, comprehensive Horticultural Characters are excellent, character is stablized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of selections of crops, the especially selection of capsicum, and in particular to a kind of dry green pepper
The purification and rejuvenation method of local varieties.
Background technology
Dry green pepper is a kind of highly important flavouring, and the dry green pepper of high fatty acid content is the fine work in dry green pepper, is in great demand through the country
Outer market, price is high, is loved by consumers.Southwestern China has the abundant dry green pepper resource of high fatty acid content, possesses long-term
The history of the dry green pepper of high fatty acid content is planted, but due to long-term plantation, variety hybriding degradation is serious, has seriously affected dry green pepper production
The development of industry.The purification and rejuvenation dry green pepper kind of native country high fatty acid is one of the important channel for improving local farmers income.
The dry green pepper of high fatty acid content contains very abundant nutritional ingredient：For content of fatty acid up to 15%, capsaicine is moderate, also
Containing protein, vitamin C, ten several amino acid and multivitamin, every leading indicator is better than common dry green pepper product.With it
Oil content is high, fruit meat is thin, color and luster is scarlet, pungent is moderate, aromatic flavour, full of nutrition and well-known at home and abroad.High fatty acid contains
Measure the dry green pepper time of infertility 150 days or so, about 90 centimetres of field plant height.It is generally sowed at the beginning of -4 months at the end of March, mid or late May
Transplanting, fresh dry cayenne pepper maturation is in mid or late September.But the dry green pepper of high fatty acid content causes fruit to become since Hybridization and degeneration is serious
Shape, spoiled, low output, resistance are poor.For this purpose, high-quality, good stress resistance the dry green pepper kind of selection and breeding high fatty acid content seems outstanding
It is important.
Domestic patent database disclosed some related capsicum variety purification and rejuvenation technologies in recent years：
Such as：Patent document【Application number】201510739064.8【Publication number】CN105284598A discloses that " long angle is peppery
Green pepper variety rejuvenation method ".It includes the following steps：A, by long angle capsicum individual plant selfing, cane hairiness and hairless two are selected
Kind；B, two mixing breeds are obtained into F1 generation seed again；C, it by F1 generation individual plant selfing, selects and remain torsion handle capsicum and makees F2 for seed；D,
By F2 for individual plant selfing, selects and remain the above leaf blade size of plant bifurcated and make F3 for seed with capsicum similar in the following blade of bifurcated；E,
By F3 for individual plant selfing, it is that 30~60 degree of capsicums make F4 for seed to select and remain angle strain bifurcated；F, F4 is selected and remain into green pepper fruit for individual plant selfing
Crape capsicum is not rolled over makees F5 for seed；G, F5 is selected and remain the above branch height lignifying capsicum of bifurcated and makees F6 seeds for individual plant selfing；
H, F6 was continuously selfed for 3~4 generations for single plant, purifies out long angle capsicum parental inbred line seed.The present invention is seen using individual plant selfing
It examines, according to capsicum various trait advantage, purifies out the long angle capsicum variety that degeneration-resistant strong, high yield, character are stablized.The invention is not special
Door does the selection of quality trait, is unfavorable for obtaining the capsicum variety of high-quality character.
Patent document【Application number】2013100373337,【Publication number】CN103098708B discloses that " a kind of erietiform is peppery
The selection of green pepper self-mating system ".It includes the following steps：1) it is maternal, bird-caging capsicum to select erietiform capsicum Chongqing green pepper No. five
Green pepper No. 5 of reviving is paternal hybrid, obtains hybrid seed；2) make male parent backcrossing with Chongqing green pepper No. five after planting hybrid seed, returned
Hand over seed；3) it will be returned individual plant selfing after seed is planted, select and remain the seed of erietiform capsicum, continue individual plant selfing after plantation, then
Select and remain the seed of erietiform capsicum；4) seed of erietiform capsicum is planted, fine individual plant is selected in conjunction with resistance, quality trait
In 4~5 generations of continuous selfing, it is bred as stable erietiform capsicum self-mating system YJ-01.The invention is peppery using erietiform capsicum and bird-caging
Green pepper selection cross goes out erietiform pepper seed, is susceptible to growth traits separation using different cultivars capsicum filial generation, influences
The planting effect of seed.
Patent document【Application number】2007100266448,【Publication number】CN101011022B discloses a kind of " capsicum variety
The method of selection and breeding ".This method is first female parent with sharp green pepper material, and sharp green pepper material is male parent, is hybridized, by systematic breeding side
Method selects a Quality parents self-mating system；It is female parent with sharp green pepper material, pimento material is male parent, is hybridized, is then passed through
Systematic breeding method selects another Quality parents self-mating system；It is parent with the high-quality self-mating system of above-mentioned two, it is excellent using hybrid
Gesture technology selects high-quality capsicum variety.It is female parent that the invention, which uses sharp green pepper material, and sharp green pepper capsicum green pepper angle itself is just short, production
Amount can be relatively low.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to be directed to many disadvantages of the existing technology, the high-quality dry green pepper of one kind is provided
Square kind Fast Purification rejuvenation method, to which quick breeding goes out the dry green pepper new varieties of high fatty acid content.
The Fast Purification rejuvenation method of the high-quality dry green pepper local varieties of the present invention, includes the following steps：
2) using capsicum Hybridization and degeneration group as initial population, the pollen for choosing mid-late uninucleate stage is placed in NTh+KT0.5mg/L+
2,4-D0.25mg/L+AgNO34mg/L+AC0.2%+ sucrose 3%+ agar 0.7%, on the culture medium of pH5.8, first 35 DEG C of dark places
Reason 7 days, then 26 ± 1 DEG C of daytime, move under 2000lux light after embryoid is formed and continue to cultivate by 21 ± 1 DEG C at night；To 3-4 lis
The long adventitious bud plants of rice are planted with 0.45% colchicine, 30 hours progress chromosome doublings of package stem apex, acquisition diploid
Strain adventitious bud；Above-mentioned adventitious bud is placed in 1/2MS+NAA0.1mg/L, pH5.8,26 ± 1 DEG C of daytime, 21 ± 1 DEG C at night,
It is cultivated under the conditions of 2000lux.By small transplantation of seedlings, bagging, and seed is harvested by single plant；
2) every part of seed of harvest is divided into three parts, a area plantation in atmospheric humidity higher than 70% is evaluated disease-resistant
Property；Portion evaluates comprehensive horticultural characteristics in the area plantation suitable for chili growth；Portion is planted in source area, evaluates thick fat
Fat content and other qualities；
Heretofore described crude fat and other quality properties evaluations mainly measures fruit content of fatty acid and capsicum
Cellulose content.
Area plantation of the present invention selection with higher atmospheric humidity, it is therefore an objective to the generation for being conducive to disease, to evaluate
The disease resistance of pepper plant.
Disease resistance of the present invention mainly evaluates epidemic disease and anthracnose Field diseases.
The area of suitable chili growth of the present invention refers to that weather conditions (referring mainly to temperature) disclosure satisfy that capsicum gives birth to
The long area needed, the area that preferably mean temperature is 15-25 DEG C.
4) choose that high yield, highly resistance, high fatty acid content, comprehensive Horticultural Characters are excellent, single plant bagging of character stabilization is reserved seed for planting,
As excellent dry green pepper new varieties.
The highly resistance, which refers to the disease resistance of the selected dry green pepper single plant reserved seed for planting, should reach disease-resistant or immune level.
High fatty acid content refers to that fruit crude fat content should be above 13% (accounting for dry weight).
The plant height of comprehensive horticultural characteristics primary evaluation plant, strain width, lodging property, maturity, fruiting period, yield, fruit
Shape, fruit color, fruit direction, single fruit weight, fruit water content, dries rear fruit type at fruit size.The excellent master of comprehensive Horticultural Characters
Refer to resistant to lodging, yield is high, quality is good, dries the constant type of rear fruit.
High yield 3) described in step refers to the dry green pepper weight of per mu yield, it is desirable that at 200 kgs/acre or more.
Local Varieties in Capsicum Genus Hybridization and degeneration, is generally directed to the change of inhereditary material, if purified with conventional method, needs
5 generations or longer time (3 years or more) are taken, the present invention obtains haplobiont using Anther Culture, then chromosome doubling, can
To obtain the plant of gene pure (within 1 year) in a relatively short period of time, breeding time is substantially reduced, improves breeding effect
Rate.
After obtaining the seed of gene pure plant, the quality of needs assessment tree characteristics generally comprises disease resistance, high yield
Property and quality trait.The evaluation of these performances need select control environment area carry out, and if 1 year on a ground
Area is planted, and three aspect evaluations then need 3 years, and the present invention in same seed 1 year using simultaneously in three places kind, then only needing
1 year is taken, breeding time is substantially reduced, improves breeding efficiency.
Most diseases of capsicum, such as epidemic disease, anthracnose, the necessary condition of morbidity be high temperature and high humidity, therefore,
Disease resistance needs are evaluated under conditions of high temperature and humidity：Most diseases of capsicum, such as epidemic disease, anthracnose, morbidity
Necessary condition is high temperature and high humidity.If disease resistance is bad, then morbidity can very serious, serious shadow under the conditions of high temperature and humidity
Growth and development, the flowering fruit of capsicum are rung, and then influences yield, influences cultivation benefit；If disease resistance is good, then in high temperature
It does not fall ill or falls ill under super-humid conditions and is very light, vine growth and development blooms and bears fruit normally.Pepper disease resistance quality is to influence one
The highly important index that can kind be promoted.
Capsicum is in the area growth for being suitable for chili growth, if mean daily temperature is higher (25 or so), temperature day and night temperature
Larger (10 degree or so), illumination is sufficient, and air humidity is relatively low (50% or so), and plant strain growth is vigorous, yields positive results, fruit-setting rate
High, yield height, quality is excellent, can fully demonstrate the yielding ability of capsicum variety itself, and therefore, yielding ability needs are given birth to capsicum is suitable for
The area evaluation of production：
Quality trait is one of most important characteristic of dry green pepper, and soil, moisture, temperature, humidity and planting type all can
Influence the quality of capsicum.Dry green pepper, with being mutually adapted for local environment and planting patterns, is made in the long-term planting process in source area
The characteristic of fine quality can be formed in source area with regard to dry green pepper, and if changing an environment, due to ecological factor and cultivation side
Formula has freeed change, is unfavorable for the formation of the high-quality characteristic of dry green pepper, so quality trait needs to source area to evaluate.
The present invention using, simultaneously in three place plantation evaluations, substantially reducing breeding time in same seed 1 year,
And it is planted for the area of different performance selection control environments, scientific and reasonable can accurately evaluate selected kind
The property indices of son improve breeding efficiency, and purification efficiency is high, and effect is good, and obtained product is not only used directly for
The production of high-quality dry green pepper, moreover it is possible to the preparation of Hybrid capsicum kind is used for as parent material.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment：
Material：Using Qiubei capsicum Hybridization and degeneration plant as initial population.
Specifically purificate and rejuvenate according to the following steps：
The summer of purification and rejuvenation current year, using Qiubei capsicum Hybridization and degeneration plant as initial population, in full-bloom stage, menu core leans on
The pollen of side phase is placed in NTh+KT0.5mg/L+2,4-D0.25mg/L+AgNO34mg/L+AC0.2%+ sucrose 3%+ agar
On the culture medium of 0.7%, pH5.8, first 35 DEG C of dark treatments 7 days, then 26 ± 1 DEG C of daytime, 21 ± 1 DEG C at night, wait for that embryoid is formed
After move under 2000lux light and continue to cultivate；To 0.45% colchicine of adventitious bud plants of 3-4 centimeter lengths, stem apex is wrapped up
It carries out chromosome doubling within 30 hours, obtains liploid plant adventitious bud；Above-mentioned adventitious bud is placed in 1/2MS+NAA0.1mg/L,
PH5.8,26 ± 1 DEG C of daytime, cultivate under the conditions of 2000lux by 21 ± 1 DEG C at night.By small transplantation of seedlings, bagging, and harvested by single plant
Seed；
By the seedling replanting with 5-6 item roots；
By observation chromosome quantitative in the way of to the plant after doubling in diploid screen, liploid plant is compiled
Number, bagging, divide single plant collect seed；
Every part of seed of harvest is divided into three parts, a to be planted in Dehong, evaluation disease resistance is a to be planted in Kunming, comments
Valence integrates horticultural characteristics, a to be planted in Qiubei, evaluation crude fat content and other qualities；
It selects three ground to show outstanding single plant to reserve seed for planting, the flower for removing all fruits and opening, bagging is reserved seed for planting.In excellent middle choosing
While excellent, a compact plant type, high-quality, high yield (dry green pepper 250kg or so), micro- peppery (capsaicin content 0.2mg/g are obtained
(accounting for dry weight)), the dry green pepper new varieties " the dry green pepper in Yunnan No. 3 " of high crude fat content (14.4% (accounting for dry weight)) and a plant type it is compact,
High-quality, high yield (280kg or so), without peppery (capsaicin content 0.15%), high crude fat content (13.2% (accounting for dry weight))
Dry green pepper new varieties " the dry green pepper in Yunnan No. 4 ".Above-mentioned dry green pepper new varieties carry out kind multiple spot in the Yunnan main producing regions Gan Jiao Wenshan Prefecture and compare examination
It tests, Demonstration And Extension.High yield among the above refers to the dry green pepper weight of per mu yield, it is desirable that at 200 kgs/acre or more.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method of dry green pepper local varieties Fast Purification rejuvenation, includes the following steps：
1) using capsicum Hybridization and degeneration group as initial population, the pollen for choosing mid-late uninucleate stage is placed in NTh+KT 0.5mg/L+2,
4-D 0.25mg/L+AgNO34mg/L+AC 0.2%+ sucrose 3%+ agar 0.7%, on the culture medium of pH 5.8, first 35 DEG C it is dark
Processing 7 days, then 26 ± 1 DEG C of daytime, move under 2000lux light after embryoid is formed and continue to cultivate by 21 ± 1 DEG C at night；To 3-4
0.45% colchicine of the adventitious bud plants of centimeter length, wraps up stem apex and carries out chromosome doubling in 30 hours, obtain diploid
Plant adventitious bud；Above-mentioned adventitious bud is placed in 1/2MS+NAA 0.1mg/L, pH 5.8,26 ± 1 DEG C of daytime, 21 ± 1 DEG C at night,
It is cultivated under the conditions of 2000lux, by small transplantation of seedlings, bagging, and seed is harvested by single plant；
2) every part of seed of harvest is divided into three parts, disease resistance is evaluated in a area plantation in atmospheric humidity higher than 70%；One
Part evaluates synthesis horticultural characteristics in the area plantation suitable for chili growth；Portion is planted in source area, evaluates crude fat content
With other qualities；
3) choose that high yield, highly resistance, high fatty acid content, comprehensive Horticultural Characters are excellent, single plant bagging of character stabilization is reserved seed for planting to get
The dry green pepper kind of purification and rejuvenation.
2. the method for dry green pepper local varieties Fast Purification rejuvenation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the thick fat
Fat and other quality properties evaluations mainly measure fruit content of fatty acid and capsaicin content.
3. the method for dry green pepper local varieties Fast Purification rejuvenation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described is disease-resistant
Property mainly evaluation epidemic disease and anthracnose Field diseases.
4. the method for dry green pepper local varieties Fast Purification rejuvenation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that selected to reserve seed for planting
The disease resistance of dry green pepper single plant should reach disease-resistant or immune level.
5. the method for dry green pepper local varieties Fast Purification rejuvenation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described high in fat
Acid content refers to that fruit crude fat content should be above 13% (accounting for dry weight).
6. the method for dry green pepper local varieties Fast Purification rejuvenation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the comprehensive garden
The plant height of skill character primary evaluation plant, strain width, lodging property, maturity, fruiting period, yield, fruit properties, fruit size, fruit
Solid color, fruit direction, single fruit weight, fruit water content and dry rear fruit type.
7. the method for dry green pepper local varieties Fast Purification rejuvenation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the synthesis
It refers to resistant to lodging that Horticultural Characters are excellent, yield is high, quality is good, dries the constant type of rear fruit.
8. the method for dry green pepper local varieties Fast Purification rejuvenation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that 3) in step
The high yield refers to the dry green pepper weight of per mu yield at 200 kgs/acre or more.
9. the method for dry green pepper local varieties Fast Purification rejuvenation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the dry green pepper
Square kind is Qiubei capsicum.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102047843A (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2011-05-11 | 北京市农林科学院 | Method for obtaining dihaploid plants of sweet peppers |
| CN104663430A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-06-03 | 云南农业大学 | Cultivation method for purple hot peppers capable of being eaten raw and being high in anthocyanin content |
-
2018
- 2018-06-19 CN CN201810631844.4A patent/CN108782246B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102047843A (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2011-05-11 | 北京市农林科学院 | Method for obtaining dihaploid plants of sweet peppers |
| CN104663430A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-06-03 | 云南农业大学 | Cultivation method for purple hot peppers capable of being eaten raw and being high in anthocyanin content |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘建福等: "《细胞工程》", 30 June 2014, 华中科技大学出版社 * |
| 张嘉园: "花药培养技术在辣椒育种中的应用", 《中国种业》 * |
| 赵海云: "丘北小椒在文山两种不同生长环境下的品质规律性研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库》 * |
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