CN108781597B - Germinating bed preparation device and method - Google Patents
Germinating bed preparation device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108781597B CN108781597B CN201810496506.4A CN201810496506A CN108781597B CN 108781597 B CN108781597 B CN 108781597B CN 201810496506 A CN201810496506 A CN 201810496506A CN 108781597 B CN108781597 B CN 108781597B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/02—Germinating apparatus; Determining germination capacity of seeds or the like
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Abstract
The utility model provides a germinating machine preparation facilities and preparation method, includes homothermal culture apparatus and is used for handling the apparatus for producing of sawdust, and culture apparatus is including culture dish and the illumination generator that is used for holding the sawdust, and apparatus for producing is including being used for to the sterile sterilization storehouse of sawdust, being used for increasing water storehouse and the conveying part of sawdust moisture content, and sterilization storehouse, water storehouse, conveying part connect gradually, and conveying part is connected with the culture dish. The invention particularly utilizes sawdust which is not polluted by chemical industry to manufacture the germinating bed, can finish the whole preparation process of the germinating bed, has wide raw material source and low price, and the prepared germinating bed has excellent ventilation performance and water retention performance, low volume weight and convenient transportation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of seed cultivation, in particular to a germinating bed preparation device and a preparation method.
Background
The crop germinating bed generally refers to a culture box consisting of a medium and a vessel for containing the medium, the medium generally refers to a culture medium which can supply moisture required by seed germination and support seedling growth, the existing commonly-used germinating bed mainly adopts paper, sand, soil and the like, the common media such as the paper, the sand and the soil have advantages, and the germinating bed has disadvantages in water retention capacity, ventilation performance, no toxicity, no germ and certain strength, and in addition, the media have the characteristic of inconvenient processing and high cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a germinating bed preparation device which can treat and utilize waste sawdust as a germinating bed, is economical, environment-friendly and convenient to manufacture, and the prepared germinating bed has good water retention capacity and ventilation performance and has strength for supporting the growth of seedlings.
The invention also aims to provide a method for preparing the germinating bed, which is used for sterilizing sawdust, adding water and preparing the germinating bed with sterility, water retention and ventilation.
The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following steps:
the utility model provides a germinating machine preparation facilities, includes homothermal culture apparatus and is used for handling the apparatus for producing of sawdust, and culture apparatus is including being used for holding the culture dish and the illumination generator of sawdust, and apparatus for producing is including being used for to the sterile disinfection storehouse of sawdust, being used for increasing the storehouse and the conveying part that add of sawdust moisture content, and the storehouse of disinfecting, add the storehouse, the conveying part connects gradually, and the conveying part is connected with the culture dish. The invention particularly utilizes sawdust which is not polluted by chemical industry to manufacture the germinating bed, can finish the whole preparation process of the germinating bed, has wide raw material source and low price, and the prepared germinating bed has excellent ventilation performance and water retention performance, low volume weight and convenient transportation.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the culture dish is provided with a vibrating portion, and the vibrating portion includes a vibrating table and a mounting table for fixing the culture dish.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a shock absorber is disposed between the vibration table and the mounting table.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the culture dish is provided with a transparent cover.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sterilization chamber is provided with sealable openings at the upper part and the lower part, the upper opening is used for adding sawdust raw materials, the lower opening is connected with the water adding chamber, and the sterilization chamber further comprises a steam generator and a pressure release valve.
Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the steam generator is connected to a plurality of steam outlet pipes uniformly distributed in the sterilization chamber, and the steam outlet pipes are uniformly distributed with steam outlet holes.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water adding bin includes a water feeder and a water content measuring device, the water adding bin is provided with an opening connected to the conveying part, and the opening is provided with a sealing valve.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the conveying portion includes a conveying pipe and a screw conveyor provided in the conveying pipe.
A preparation method of a germination bed comprises sterilizing sawdust, adding water to saturate, and spreading in a culture dish. The preparation method of the germinating bed is simple, the raw materials are wide in source and low in price, the prepared germinating bed is excellent in air permeability and water retention performance, and the germinating bed is low in volume weight and convenient to carry.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the sawdust is less than 0.8mm, and the water content of the prepared sawdust is 60% to 80%.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the preparation device of the germination bed provided by the invention can utilize sawdust to complete the whole preparation process of the germination bed, the raw material source of the germination bed is wide, the price is low, the preparation method implemented by the preparation device of the germination bed can be used for preparing the germination bed with excellent ventilation performance and water retention performance, the seed is less in mildewing phenomenon, the root system is vigorous, the volume weight of the germination bed is low, and the transportation is convenient.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a germinating bed provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of another perspective of the germinating bed provided in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the germinating bed provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a production apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 100-a culture device; 200-culture dish; 210-a transparent cover; 300-a light generator; 400-a vibration table; 410-a shock absorber; 420-an installation table; 500-a production device; 600-a sterilization bin; 610-sealing the flap; 620-pressure relief valve; 630-a steam generator; 700-a water adding bin; 710-a water supply; 800-a conveying section; 810-a delivery pipe; 820-screw conveyor.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or pendant, but rather may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a germinating bed preparation apparatus includes a constant temperature culture apparatus 100 and a production apparatus 500, wherein the culture apparatus 100 is used for holding sawdust to form a germinating bed and providing constant temperature conditions and illumination conditions for seed germination, the production apparatus 500 is used for sterilizing the sawdust at high temperature and mixing sterilized water to make the moisture content of the sawdust between 60% and 80%, and the production apparatus 500 is connected to the culture apparatus 100 to facilitate conveying the sawdust prepared by the production apparatus 500 to the culture apparatus 100. The invention particularly utilizes sawdust which is not polluted by chemical industry to manufacture the germinating bed, can finish the whole preparation process of the germinating bed, has wide raw material source and low price, and the prepared germinating bed has excellent ventilation performance and water retention performance, low volume weight and convenient transportation.
Referring to fig. 4, the production apparatus 500 includes a sterilization chamber 600, a water adding chamber 700, and a conveying unit 800 connected in sequence, wherein the sterilization chamber 600 is used for sterilizing sawdust, the water adding chamber 700 is used for increasing the moisture content of sawdust, and the conveying unit 800 is used for conveying prepared sawdust to the cultivation apparatus 100.
The upper part and the lower part of the sterilization bin 600 are respectively provided with a sealable opening, the upper opening is provided with a sealing cover 610, the lower part is provided with an openable sealing valve, the upper opening is used for adding sawdust raw materials, the lower opening is connected with the water adding bin 700, the sterilization bin 600 further comprises a steam generator 630 and a pressure release valve 620, the steam generator 630 is connected with a plurality of steam outlet pipes uniformly distributed in the sterilization bin 600, and the steam outlet pipes are uniformly provided with steam outlet holes. Dry sawdust adds the sterilization storehouse 600 from the upper portion opening in, and the play steam pipe is located accumulational sawdust in the middle of, guarantees as far as possible that accumulational sawdust everywhere evenly receives high temperature, and the sterilization is fast, and the center that is difficult to the appearance of appearing sawdust deposit is difficult to the condition of being heated, and the sterilization is accomplished the back, opens the lower part opening, and the sawdust gets into from the lower part opening and adds the water storehouse 700. In order to facilitate the sawdust to leak out from the lower opening, the bottom of the sterilizing chamber 600 is provided with a slope inclined from the periphery to the lower opening.
The water supply bin 700 includes a water supply unit 710 and a moisture content measuring unit, the water supply bin 700 has an opening connected to the conveying unit 800, and the opening has a sealing valve. The sawdust after high-temperature sterilization enters the water adding bin 700, the water content tester in the water adding bin 700 detects the current water content of the sawdust, and then the sterilized water is added into the sawdust according to the water amount required to be added. In order to facilitate the sawdust to leak out from the lower opening, the bottom of the watering chamber 700 is provided with a slope inclined from the periphery to the lower opening.
The moisture content of the wood is generally expressed by a moisture content or a water content, that is, expressed as a percentage of a mass of moisture in the wood to a mass of the wood, and in this embodiment, the moisture content of the sawdust means a ratio of a mass of moisture in the sawdust to a mass of the sawdust, the moisture includes both free water in the sawdust and bound water absorbed by the sawdust, the moisture content is (wet weight-dry weight)/wet weight × 100%, and MC is (m ═ dry weight/wet weight × 100%i－m0)/miX 100%. In the embodiment, the water content of the sawdust is 60-80%, so that the sawdust is pinched by hands and does not scatter after being loosened.
The transporting unit 800 includes a transporting pipe 810 and a screw conveyer 820 provided in the transporting pipe 810, and the sawdust added with the sterilized water enters the transporting pipe 810 from the opening of the water adding chamber 700, and the screw conveyer 820 is started to transport the prepared sawdust into the culture apparatus 100.
The culture apparatus 100 comprises a culture dish 200 and an illumination generator 300, wherein the culture dish 200 is connected with a conveying pipe 810 and used for containing sawdust to form a germination bed, the illumination generator 300 is used for providing illumination conditions required by seed germination for the germination bed, and the culture dish 200 is provided with a transparent cover 210 for protection. In order to facilitate the flattening of the sawdust, the bottom of the culture dish 200 is provided with a vibrating portion for vibrating the sawdust flat, the vibrating portion comprises a vibrating table 400 and a mounting table 420 for fixing the culture dish 200, in order to prevent the sawdust from being excessively compacted due to the rapid vibration during the vibrating flat process, a shock absorber 410 is arranged between the vibrating table 400 and the mounting table 420, the shock absorber 410 is a spring in the embodiment, and the shock absorber 410 can be other devices in other embodiments.
A preparation method of a germination bed comprises sterilizing sawdust, adding water to saturate, and spreading in a culture dish 200 by using the germination bed preparation device provided in this embodiment. The preparation method of the germinating bed is simple, the raw materials are wide in source and low in price, the prepared germinating bed is excellent in air permeability and water retention performance, and the germinating bed is low in volume weight and convenient to carry.
The implementation principle of the invention is as follows:
y0001: selecting sawdust which is not polluted by chemical engineering, drying, screening sawdust with uniform particle size by using a sieve with the particle size of 0.8-1.0 mm for later use, weighing the spare sawdust with a certain weight, and adding the weighed sawdust into a sterilization bin 600.
Y0002: the sterilizing bin 600 is closed, the steam generator 630 is started, high-temperature steam at 110-130 ℃ is added, sterilization is carried out for 15-30 minutes at 110-130 ℃, a steam outlet pipe arranged on the steam generator 630 extends into the center of the sawdust deposits, the high-temperature steam is emitted from steam outlet holes uniformly distributed on the steam outlet pipe, and the high-temperature steam can be in contact with the inside and the outside of the sawdust deposits to achieve a better sterilizing effect.
Y0003: after high-temperature sterilization is completed, sterile sawdust enters the water adding bin 700 from the lower opening of the sterilizing bin 600, the water content tester in the water adding bin 700 measures the current water content of the sawdust, and the water feeder 710 is opened to add sterile water with corresponding mass into the sawdust according to the required final water content.
Y0004: after the water is added, the prepared sawdust enters the conveying pipe 810 of the conveying part 800 from the opening of the water adding bin 700, and the screw conveyor 820 is started to convey the sawdust into the culture dish 200.
Y0005: after the sawdust enters the culture dish 200, the vibration table 400 of the vibration part is started, the vibration sent by the vibration table 400 is transmitted to the mounting table 420 through the vibration damper 410, so that the culture dish 200 on the mounting table 420 is shaken, the sawdust in the culture dish 200 is gradually leveled in the motion, and the preparation of the germination bed is completed.
Y0006: after the germination bed is prepared, the seeds are uniformly placed in the germination bed, the transparent cover 210 for protection is covered, and the illumination generator 300 is opened.
The specific implementation steps of the invention for the corn germination test are as follows:
s0001: selecting sawdust which is not polluted by chemical engineering, drying, screening sawdust with the particle size of less than 0.8mm by using a sieve with the pore diameter of 0.8mm for later use, weighing a certain weight of sawdust, and adding the weighed sawdust into a sterilization bin 600.
S0002: sealing the sterilization bin 600, starting the steam generator 630, sterilizing at a high temperature of 120 ℃, opening the pressure release valve 620 after 30 minutes, opening the opening at the bottom of the sterilization bin 600 after the air pressure in the sterilization bin 600 is stable, and adding sawdust into the water adding bin 700.
S0003: sterile sawdust enters the water adding bin 700 from the lower opening of the sterilizing bin 600, the water content tester in the water adding bin 700 measures the current water content of the sawdust, and the water feeder 710 is opened to add sterile water with corresponding mass into the sawdust according to the required final water content, wherein the required water content is 80% in the embodiment.
S0004: adding sawdust for the first time, enabling the prepared sawdust to enter the conveying pipe 810 of the conveying part 800 from the opening of the water adding bin 700, starting the screw conveyor 820, conveying the sawdust into the culture dish 200, stopping the screw conveyor 820 after a proper amount of sawdust is input, starting the vibration table 400, enabling the sawdust in the culture dish 200 to be tiled, enabling the thickness of the sawdust after tiling to be 1/2-3/4 of the height of the culture dish 200, and enabling the sawdust to be pushed manually to be tiled.
S0005: 100 clean corn seeds are selected for standby, and the seeds are uniformly spread in a culture dish 200, wherein the distance between the seeds is more than or equal to 10.0 mm.
S0006: and adding sawdust for the second time, enabling the prepared sawdust to enter the conveying pipe 810 of the conveying part 800 from the opening of the water adding bin 700, starting the screw conveyor 820, conveying the sawdust into the culture dish 200, stopping the screw conveyor 820 after a proper amount of sawdust is input, manually pushing the sawdust to be spread and cover the seeds, and enabling the sawdust added for the second time to just fill the culture dish 200.
S0007: the transparent cover 210 is covered, the light generator 300 is turned on, and a label indicating time, seed kind, and seed number is attached to the outside of the culture dish 200.
S0008: when the seeds are germinated for the first time, the number of the germination is counted, and the culture dish 200 is watered by a watering can until the culture medium is completely wet, and then the number of the germination is counted and watered once a day.
S0009: stopping watering on the day of the last counting date of the germination test of the corn seeds, and calculating the germination rate of the seeds.
The sawdust germination bed prepared by the germination bed preparation device is used for carrying out a corn seed germination rate control test with a sand bed and a soil bed, and the test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Compared with the germination rate of a common sand bed, the sawdust germination bed has the advantages of better air permeability and water retention performance due to larger porosity relative to the sand bed, is softer, enables the root system of the corn seeds to grow vigorously, and improves the germination rate of the corn seeds by 5-9%.
The sawdust germination bed prepared by the germination bed preparation device and a common sawdust germination bed are used for carrying out a corn seed germination rate control test, and the test results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
The sawdust germination bed prepared by the sawdust germination bed preparation device is compared with the germination rate of a common sawdust germination bed, the sawdust germination bed has better air permeability and water retention performance, is not easy to mildew, the seed root system grows vigorously, and the sprouts are dry, flat and low in necrosis rate.
The embodiment of the germinating bed prepared by the germinating bed preparation device is substantially the same as that of the germinating bed prepared by the germinating bed preparation device, and the germinating bed is only used for the germination test of corn seeds.
The germination bed provided by the invention is simple to prepare, strong in operability, wide in germination medium source, low in price, lower in sawdust volume weight than the existing sand bed and soil, and convenient to carry in culture dishes. The germinating bed provided by the invention can also be used for soilless culture and the like.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A germinating bed preparation device is characterized by comprising a constant-temperature culture device and a production device for processing sawdust;
the culture device comprises a culture dish for containing the sawdust and an illumination generator;
the production device comprises a sterilization bin for sterilizing sawdust, a water adding bin for increasing the water content of the sawdust and a conveying part, wherein the sterilization bin, the water adding bin and the conveying part are sequentially connected, sealable openings are formed in the upper part and the lower part of the sterilization bin, an upper opening is used for adding sawdust raw materials, a lower opening is connected with the water adding bin, the sterilization bin further comprises a steam generator and a pressure release valve, the steam generator is connected with a plurality of steam outlet pipes uniformly distributed in the sterilization bin, steam outlet holes are uniformly distributed in the steam outlet pipes, the water adding bin comprises a water feeder and a water content tester, and the conveying part is connected with the culture dish;
the bottom of the culture dish is provided with a vibrating part, and the vibrating part comprises a vibrating table and an installation table for fixing the culture dish;
and a shock absorber is arranged between the vibration table and the mounting table.
2. The germinating bed preparation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said culture dish is provided with a transparent cover.
3. The apparatus for preparing a germinating bed as claimed in claim 1, wherein said watering chamber is provided with an opening connected to said feeding portion, said opening being provided with a sealing valve.
4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the transporting section comprises a transporting pipe and a screw conveyor provided in the transporting pipe.
5. A method for preparing a germination bed, comprising sterilizing sawdust, saturating it with water, and spreading it on a culture dish, using the germination bed manufacturing apparatus according to claims 1 to 4.
6. The method for preparing a germinating bed as claimed in claim 5, wherein the particle size of said sawdust is less than 0.8mm, and the moisture content of said sawdust after the preparation is 60-80%.
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2018
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| GB2163634A (en) * | 1984-08-30 | 1986-03-05 | Agricultural Requisites & Mech | Seed sprouting apparatus and method |
| CN1652905A (en) * | 2002-03-05 | 2005-08-10 | 大日本制药株式会社 | Process for producing biodegradable fiber molding |
| JP2005151850A (en) * | 2003-11-21 | 2005-06-16 | Ccs Inc | Method and device for growing buckwheat |
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| CN105075661A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-11-25 | 江苏天得电力装备有限公司 | Production equipment for edible mushroom inoculation |
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