CN108777571B - Signal generation circuit structure - Google Patents
Signal generation circuit structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN108777571B CN108777571B CN201810842171.7A CN201810842171A CN108777571B CN 108777571 B CN108777571 B CN 108777571B CN 201810842171 A CN201810842171 A CN 201810842171A CN 108777571 B CN108777571 B CN 108777571B
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- 230000007274 generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling Effects 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K4/00—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions
- H03K4/06—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions having triangular shape
- H03K4/08—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions having triangular shape having sawtooth shape
- H03K4/48—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions having triangular shape having sawtooth shape using as active elements semiconductor devices
- H03K4/50—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions having triangular shape having sawtooth shape using as active elements semiconductor devices in which a sawtooth voltage is produced across a capacitor
- H03K4/501—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions having triangular shape having sawtooth shape using as active elements semiconductor devices in which a sawtooth voltage is produced across a capacitor the starting point of the flyback period being determined by the amplitude of the voltage across the capacitor, e.g. by a comparator
Abstract
The invention provides a signal generation circuit structure which not only can effectively generate sawtooth wave signals, but also can realize the adjustable amplitude and frequency of sawtooth waves, has wide application range and better practicability; the constant current source circuit mechanism is powered by the power supply and used for changing the frequency of saw-tooth waves; amplitude comparison circuit means for changing the amplitude of the sawtooth wave; the self-locking circuit mechanism is used for locking the signal state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of signal generation, in particular to a signal generation circuit structure.
Background
In the circuit system, because of the control requirement, various stable signal generating circuits are usually indispensable, for example, in the motor control technology or the switching power supply control technology, a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) control mechanism is usually used, and such PWM control signals can be obtained by shaping signals such as sawtooth waves, while the existing circuit technical scheme for generating sawtooth wave signals is mainly obtained by a circuit formed by 555 timers, but the sawtooth wave generating circuit formed by 555 timers has small amplitude adjustability of sawtooth waves, which is mostly between 1/3VCC and 2/3VCC, and the frequency of the sawtooth waves is also not adjustable, so the application limitation is large.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of small amplitude and frequency adjustability and large application limitation of the traditional sawtooth wave generating circuit, the invention provides a signal generating circuit structure which not only can effectively generate sawtooth wave signals, but also can realize adjustable amplitude and frequency of sawtooth waves, has wide application range and better practicability.
The technical scheme is as follows: it includes the power, its characterized in that: the constant current source circuit mechanism is powered by the power supply and used for changing the frequency of the sawtooth wave;
amplitude comparison circuit means for changing the amplitude of the sawtooth wave;
the self-locking circuit mechanism is used for locking the signal state;
the constant current source circuit mechanism comprises PNP triodes Q1-Q3, resistors R1-R6 and a charging capacitor C1;
the amplitude comparison circuit mechanism comprises comparators U1-A, U1-B and resistors R13-R15;
the self-locking circuit mechanism comprises comparators U1-C, triodes Q4 and Q5 and resistors R7-R12;
the collector of the triode Q1 is connected with the base of the triode Q2 and is connected with the resistors R1 and R4 and then grounded, the base of the triode Q1 is connected with the emitter of the triode Q2 and then connected between the resistors R2 and R3, the collector of the triode Q2 is connected with the resistor R2 and then connected with the power supply, the emitter of the triode Q1 is connected with the collector of the triode Q3 and one end of the charging capacitor C1, the emitter of the triode Q3 is connected with the other end of the charging capacitor C1 and then grounded, the base of the triode Q3 is respectively connected with one ends of the resistors R5 and R6, and the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with the power supply;
the negative input end of the comparator U1-B is connected with the positive input end of the comparator U1-A and then is connected with one end of the charging capacitor C1, the resistor R15 is connected between the positive input end of the comparator U1-B and the negative input end of the comparator U1-A, the positive input end of the comparator U1-B is connected with the resistor R14 and then is connected with the power supply, and the negative input end of the comparator U1-A is connected with the resistor R13 and then is grounded;
the output end of the comparator U1-B, the output end of the comparator U1-C, the other end of the resistor R5 and the base electrode of the triode Q5 are all connected, the output end of the comparator U1-A and the base electrode of the triode Q4 are connected, the collectors of the triodes Q4 and Q5 are all connected with one ends of the resistors R8 and R12 and then connected with the power supply, the other end of the resistor R8 is connected with one end of the resistor R9 and then connected with the negative input end of the comparator U1-C, the negative input end of the comparator U1-C is grounded after passing through the resistor R10, the other end of the resistor R12 is connected with one end of the resistor R11 and then connected with the positive input end of the comparator U1-C, and the positive input end of the comparator U1-C is grounded after passing through the resistor R7.
It is further characterized by:
the triodes Q4 and Q5 are PNP type band-stop triodes, and the types of the comparators U1-A, U1-B, U1-C are LM339.
The invention has the beneficial effects that the output signal of the charging capacitor C1 is connected to the amplitude comparison circuit mechanism, and the charging and discharging of the charging capacitor C1 are realized by comparing the voltages at two ends of the charging capacitor C1 with the threshold value of the preset value of the comparator U1-A, U1-B, so that the needed sawtooth waveform can be obtained; the magnitude of the resistance value of the resistors R1 and R4 and/or the magnitude of the capacitance value of the charging capacitor C1 can be adjusted according to the situation, so that the frequency of the sawtooth wave can be changed, the amplitude of the sawtooth wave can be changed by adjusting the threshold voltage of the comparator U1-A, U1-B, thereby not only effectively generating sawtooth wave signals, but also realizing that the amplitude and the frequency of the sawtooth wave can be adjusted, and the application range is wide and the practicability is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit schematic of a constant current source circuit mechanism;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an amplitude comparison circuit mechanism;
fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of the self-locking circuit mechanism.
Detailed Description
Reference is made to the accompanying drawings and descriptions thereof to facilitate a thorough understanding of the various embodiments of the invention defined by the claims, which contain various specific details to facilitate the understanding, but these details should be regarded as merely exemplary; accordingly, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that variations and modifications of the various embodiments described herein may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims, and further that descriptions of well-known functions and constructions may be omitted for clarity and conciseness.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the following descriptions of the embodiments of the present invention are provided for illustration only and not for the purpose of limiting the invention as defined by the appended claims.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the invention comprises a power supply VCC and a constant current source circuit mechanism powered by the power supply VCC, and the frequency of the sawtooth wave is changed by adjusting the charging current; amplitude comparison circuit means for changing the amplitude of the sawtooth wave; the self-locking circuit mechanism is used for locking the signal state; the constant current source circuit mechanism comprises PNP triodes Q1-Q3, resistors R1-R6 and a charging capacitor C1; the amplitude comparison circuit mechanism comprises comparators U1-A, U-B and resistors R13-R15; the self-locking circuit mechanism comprises comparators U1-C, triodes Q4 and Q5 and resistors R7-R12; the triodes Q4 and Q5 are PNP type band-stop triodes; the comparators U1-A, U1-B, U1-C are all LM339, and obviously, the device types in the above description are only one embodiment of the present invention, and are not limiting to the present invention, for example, the transistors Q4 and Q5 are not necessarily PNP type band-stop transistors, and the comparator types are not necessarily LM339, so long as the device capable of realizing the above functions can be covered by the present invention.
The collector of the triode Q1 is connected with the base of the triode Q2 and is connected with the resistors R1 and R4 and then is grounded, the base of the triode Q1 is connected with the emitter of the triode Q2 and then is connected between the resistors R2 and R3, the collector of the triode Q2 is connected with the resistor R2 and then is connected with the power VCC, the emitter of the triode Q1 is connected with the collector of the triode Q3 and one end of the charging capacitor C1, the emitter of the triode Q3 is connected with the other end of the charging capacitor C1 and the resistor R3 and then is grounded, the base of the triode Q3 is respectively connected with one ends of the resistors R5 and R6, and the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with the power VCC.
The negative input end of the comparator U1-B is connected with the positive input end of the comparator U1-A and then is connected with one end of the charging capacitor C1, a resistor R15 is connected between the positive input end of the comparator U1-B and the negative input end of the comparator U1-A, the positive input end of the comparator U1-B is connected with the resistor R14 and then is connected with the power supply VCC, and the negative input end of the comparator U1-A is connected with the resistor R13 and then is grounded.
The output end of the comparator U1-B, the output end of the comparator U1-C, the other end of the resistor R5 and the base electrode of the triode Q5 are all connected, the output end of the comparator U1-A and the base electrode of the triode Q4 are all connected, the collectors of the triodes Q4 and Q5 are connected with one ends of the resistors R8 and R12 and then are connected with a power supply VCC, the other end of the resistor R8 is connected with one end of the resistor R9 and then is connected with the negative input end of the comparator U1-C, the negative input end of the comparator U1-C is grounded through the resistor R10, the other end of the resistor R12 is connected with one end of the resistor R11 and then is connected with the positive input end of the comparator U1-C, and the positive input end of the comparator U1-C is grounded through the resistor R7.
The working principle of the invention is that when the amplification factor of the triode Q1 is large enough in the constant current source circuit mechanism, the current Ic for charging the charging capacitor C1 is equal to the current flowing between the emitter and the collector of the triode Q1, and ic=V can be obtained Q1-bc The charging formula of the general charging capacitor is v=ic t/C, wherein V represents the voltage at two ends of the charging capacitor C1, i.e. the upper amplitude voltage, t is time, C is the capacitance value of the charging capacitor C1, when the capacitance value of the charging capacitor C1 is fixed, the voltage at two ends of the charging capacitor C1 linearly rises with time, because the generation of the sawtooth wave is mainly realized through the charging and discharging of the charging capacitor C1, the charging of the charging capacitor C1 is realized through controlling the constant current, i.e. the curve linearly rising with time is obtained, then the comparator U1-A, U-B is controlled to compare the set threshold value with the rising amplitude of the sawtooth wave, the voltage output signal at two ends of the charging capacitor C1 is recorded as SW, the positive input end of the comparator U1-B sets the upper amplitude of the sawtooth wave, the negative input end of the comparator U1-a sets the lower amplitude of the sawtooth wave, and the upper amplitude and the lower amplitude are all obtained through the resistor voltage division mode, i.e. the upper amplitude and the lower amplitude are regulated through regulating resistors R13, R14 and R15; when the voltage at two ends of the charging capacitor C1 is larger than the threshold value of the preset value of the comparator U1-A, U-B, the charging capacitor C1 can be rapidly discharged through the triode Q3 to obtain a falling waveform, and the sawtooth waveform is repeatedly obtained; the constant current in the constant current source circuit mechanism is determined by the collector junction voltage drop of the triode Q2 and the resistance values of the resistors R1 and R4, when the capacitance value of the charging capacitor C1 is fixed, the resistance values of the resistors R1 and R4 can be changed to change the charging current, so that the frequency of saw-tooth waves is changed; or, because the frequency f=1/t, namely f=ic/VC, when the resistance values of the resistors R1 and R4 are fixed, the capacitance value of the charging capacitor C1 is changed; or the resistance values of the resistors R1 and R4 and the capacitance value of the charging capacitor C1 are adjusted simultaneously, so that the purpose of adjusting the frequency can be achieved; and the saw-tooth amplitude can be changed by adjusting the threshold voltage of the comparators U1-A, U1-B.
Specifically, in an initial state, that is, when the voltage output signals SW at two ends of the charging capacitor C1 are 0, the discharging signal SET for the charging capacitor C1 is recorded as a high level in the figure, the charging signal RE for the charging capacitor C1 is recovered to be a low level, and the signal state is locked by the self-locking circuit mechanism;
when the value of the SW signal increases, the value of the SW signal is between the negative input end of the comparator U1-A and the positive input end of the comparator U1-B, the signal SET and the signal RE are both in high level, and the signal state is kept;
when the SW signal value continues to increase until the SW signal value is larger than the positive input end voltage of the comparator U1-B, the signal SET is output to be low level, the signal RE is output to be high level, when the signal SET is changed to be low level, the triode Q3 connected in parallel at two ends of the charging capacitor C1 is conducted, and the voltage on the charging capacitor C1 immediately drops, namely the signal SW level drops; when the SW signal is lower than the voltage of the negative input end of the comparator U1-A, the signal RE becomes low level, the triode Q4 is conducted, the voltage of the positive input end of the comparator U1-C is higher than the voltage of the negative input end of the comparator U1-C, the signal SET becomes high level again, the discharging of the charging capacitor C1 is finished, and then the charging process is repeated, so that the sawtooth wave signal circuit is obtained.
Claims (1)
1. A signal generating circuit structure comprising a power supply, characterized in that: the constant current source circuit mechanism is powered by the power supply and used for changing the frequency of the sawtooth wave;
amplitude comparison circuit means for changing the amplitude of the sawtooth wave;
the self-locking circuit mechanism is used for locking the signal state;
the constant current source circuit mechanism comprises PNP triodes Q1-Q3, resistors R1-R6 and a charging capacitor C1;
the amplitude comparison circuit mechanism comprises comparators U1-A, U1-B and resistors R13-R15;
the self-locking circuit mechanism comprises comparators U1-C, triodes Q4 and Q5 and resistors R7-R12;
the collector of the triode Q1 is connected with the base of the triode Q2 and is connected with the resistors R1 and R4 and then grounded, the base of the triode Q1 is connected with the emitter of the triode Q2 and then connected between the resistors R2 and R3, the collector of the triode Q2 is connected with the resistor R2 and then connected with the power supply, the emitter of the triode Q1 is connected with the collector of the triode Q3 and one end of the charging capacitor C1, the emitter of the triode Q3 is connected with the other end of the charging capacitor C1 and then grounded, the base of the triode Q3 is respectively connected with one ends of the resistors R5 and R6, and the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with the power supply;
the negative input end of the comparator U1-B is connected with the positive input end of the comparator U1-A and then is connected with one end of the charging capacitor C1, the resistor R15 is connected between the positive input end of the comparator U1-B and the negative input end of the comparator U1-A, the positive input end of the comparator U1-B is connected with the resistor R14 and then is connected with the power supply, and the negative input end of the comparator U1-A is connected with the resistor R13 and then is grounded;
the output end of the comparator U1-B, the output end of the comparator U1-C, the other end of the resistor R5 and the base electrode of the triode Q5 are all connected, the output end of the comparator U1-A and the base electrode of the triode Q4 are connected, the collectors of the triodes Q4 and Q5 are all connected with one ends of the resistors R8 and R12 and then connected with the power supply, the other end of the resistor R8 is connected with one end of the resistor R9 and then connected with the negative input end of the comparator U1-C, the negative input end of the comparator U1-C is grounded through the resistor R10, the other end of the resistor R12 is connected with one end of the resistor R11 and then connected with the positive input end of the comparator U1-C, and the positive input end of the comparator U1-C is grounded through the resistor R7;
the triodes Q4 and Q5 are PNP type band-stop triodes, and the types of the comparators U1-A, U1-B, U-C are LM339;
in the constant current source circuit mechanism, the current Ic charged by the charging capacitor C1 is equal to the current flowing between the emitter and collector of the triode Q1, so as to obtain ic=v Q1-bc The charging formula of the charging capacitor is v=ic t/C, where V represents the voltage across the charging capacitor C1, i.e. the upper amplitude voltage, t is the time, C is the capacitance of the charging capacitor C1,
when the capacitance value of the charging capacitor C1 is fixed, the voltage at two ends of the charging capacitor C1 increases linearly with time, and since the generation of the sawtooth wave is mainly realized by charging and discharging of the charging capacitor C1, the charging capacitor C1 is charged by controlling constant current, that is, a curve which increases linearly with time is obtained, then the comparator U1-A, U-B is controlled to compare the set threshold value with the rising amplitude of the sawtooth wave, the voltage output signals at two ends of the charging capacitor C1 are recorded as SW, the positive input end of the comparator U1-B sets the upper amplitude of the sawtooth wave, the negative input end of the comparator U1-a sets the lower amplitude of the sawtooth wave, and the upper amplitude of the comparator U1-B and the lower amplitude of the comparator U1-a are all adjusted by adjusting the resistors R13, R14 and R15;
when the voltage at two ends of the charging capacitor C1 is larger than the threshold value of the preset value of the comparator U1-A, U-B, the triode Q3 is used for realizing quick discharging of the charging capacitor C1 to obtain a falling waveform, and the falling waveform is repeatedly obtained; the constant current in the constant current source circuit mechanism is determined by the collector junction voltage drop of the triode Q2 and the resistance values of the resistors R1 and R4, and is divided into three cases: (1) When the capacitance of the charging capacitor C1 is certain, changing the resistance of the resistors R1 and R4 to change the charging current, thereby changing the frequency of sawtooth waves; (2) When the resistance values of the resistors R1 and R4 are fixed, changing the capacitance value of the charging capacitor C1; (3) Simultaneously, the resistance values of the resistors R1 and R4 and the capacitance value of the charging capacitor C1 are adjusted to adjust the frequency, and the amplitude of the sawtooth wave can be changed by adjusting the threshold voltage of the comparator U1-A, U1-B;
when the voltage output signal SW at two ends of the charging capacitor C1 is 0 in an initial state, the discharging signal SET of the charging capacitor C1 is at a high level, the charging signal RE recovered to the charging capacitor C1 is at a low level, and the signal state is locked by the self-locking circuit mechanism;
when the value of the SW signal increases, and the value of the SW signal is between the negative input end of the comparator U1-A and the positive input end of the comparator U1-B, the discharging signal SET and the charging signal RE are both in high level, and the signal state is kept;
when the SW signal value continues to increase until the SW signal value is greater than the voltage of the positive input end of the comparator U1-B, the signal SET is output to be low level, the charging signal RE is output to be high level, when the discharging signal SET is changed to be low level, the triode Q3 connected in parallel at two ends of the charging capacitor C1 is conducted, and the voltage on the charging capacitor C1 immediately drops, namely the signal SW level drops; when the SW signal is lower than the voltage of the negative input terminal of the comparator U1-a, the charging signal RE becomes low level, the triode Q4 is turned on at this time, the voltage of the positive input terminal of the comparator U1-C is greater than the voltage of the negative input terminal of the comparator U1-C, the discharging signal SET becomes high level again, the discharging of the charging capacitor C1 is ended, and then the charging process is repeated, thereby obtaining the saw-tooth wave signal circuit.
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| CN201810842171.7A CN108777571B (en) | 2018-07-27 | 2018-07-27 | Signal generation circuit structure |
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| CN108777571A (en) | 2018-11-09 |
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