CN108777493A - A kind of low pressure microgrid secondary voltage control method based on sensitivity matrix - Google Patents
A kind of low pressure microgrid secondary voltage control method based on sensitivity matrix Download PDFInfo
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- CN108777493A CN108777493A CN201810822605.7A CN201810822605A CN108777493A CN 108777493 A CN108777493 A CN 108777493A CN 201810822605 A CN201810822605 A CN 201810822605A CN 108777493 A CN108777493 A CN 108777493A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
Abstract
DG active power of output, is parsed into the function of busbar voltage, constructs active power-busbar voltage sensitivity matrix by the low pressure microgrid secondary voltage control method based on node voltage-active power sensitivity matrix that the invention discloses a kind of for the first time.PCC busbar voltages DG maximum to each DG active power sensitivity is selected to carry out pressure regulation in sensitivity matrix, according to voltage deviation and Calculation of Sensitivity its power adjustment discreet value；DG capacity and other constraintss are considered on this basis, generate DG regulation power reference values.After DG controllers receive secondary pressure regulation instruction, the active power output it is adjusted to reference value.In the case of system resource abundance, PCC busbar voltages can be accurately controlled in desired value, and within the allowable range by the control of other busbar voltages.The present invention selects most effective DG to carry out pressure regulation according to sensitivity, and specific aim is stronger, voltage regulation result is more preferable；And total regulation power can be reduced, improve the economy of microgrid operation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of electric power, it is related to a kind of based on node voltage-active power sensitivity matrix
Low pressure microgrid secondary voltage control method.
Background technology
The energy bottleneck problem in massive blackout accident, natural calamity and global range occurred in succession in recent years,
So that the drawbacks of interconnected network gradually exposes, conventional electric power system urgently merges regenerative resource, has the capability of sustainable development
Auxiliary type power grid occur.Distributed power generation has that environmental-friendly, energy utilization rate is high, the characteristics such as flexible for installation；And microgrid is made
For the effective carrier of distributed generation resource, become the effective way of renewable energy utilization and the existing many drawbacks of large-scale power grid of reduction
One of.
Microgrid both can be with independent operating, can also be with utility network parallel running.When microgrid is with utility network parallel running,
In addition to the basic function for having on-site elimination load, alleviating utility grid pressure, it also should bear and participate in power grid power quality
Control more waits profound task.Therefore microgrid must rely on the regulating power of itself to carry out voltage control, otherwise can reduce electricity
The local power quality of net.It for the microgrid of islet operation, is supported without external world's power supply, Self-regulation ability can only be relied on to carry out
Utility power quality control.The basic task that qualified, voltage that is stablizing becomes microgrid operation is provided.
From the point of view of adjustable range and adjustment process, the control of microgrid voltage includes a pressure regulation and secondary pressure regulation.
Pressure regulation is the response process that pressure regulation unit adjusts its voltage and output power under specified reference value, at present
Mostly based on droop control, voltage is resolved to the linear function of reactive power.However the voltage class of practical micro-grid system
Relatively low, circuit resistive composition be can not ignore, and cause active not decoupling with reactive power；And due to line impedance and DG capacity
Mismatch, cause the power of inverter reality output that can not be distributed according to sagging coefficient.
Part Methods in the prior art attempt to solve power coupled problem by introducing virtual impedance.But virtual impedance
Introducing changes system structure, increases voltage landing, and cannot achieve power-sharing.Also Part Methods are by increasing sagging system
It counts to improve the distribution of reactive power, but sagging coefficient crosses conference and reduces voltage control accuracy or even influence the stability of system.
Therefore, how in the case that the sagging coefficients of DG are equal, line impedance and the unmatched realization power-sharing of capacity and keep voltage
Stablizing becomes key.Other methods can both realize idle work(by redesigning DG power controller compensated line voltage landings
Rate between DG divide equally, ensure that the voltage control accuracy of point of common coupling (Point of Common Coupled, PCC).
The power or Voltage Reference of adjustment unit are uniformly adjusted in secondary pressure regulation by microgrid central controller/centre manager
Value restores the deviation that Primary regulation is left, and common method is to determine its work(according to the capacity of pressure regulation unit or sagging coefficient
Rate adjustment amount.But the initial thought of microgrid droop control is to simulate the primary characteristic of electric rotating machine in electric system, makes DG certainly
The variation of tracing system frequency and voltage is moved to adjust power output, is fluctuated primarily responsive to quick load.And the secondary adjustment period
It is relatively long, it is intended to restore the pressure difference left after primary adjustment and frequency difference, this recovery process also needs to consider other aspects
Problem, such as：The utilization for how selecting voltage controller power source, how reducing running system reserve capacity, how improving existing equipment
The problems such as rate.The process of secondary pressure regulation should take into account the technical and economy of microgrid operation, therefore indiscriminately imitate and once adjust
It is inappropriate that thinking, which carries out secondary adjustment using sagging coefficient or DG capacity,.
For this problem, there is the prior art to carry out the exploration for relatively having new meaning, according to ac bus voltage to idle negative
The sensitivity of lotus and DG busbar voltages determines the idle adjustment amount of power supply.This control strategy can select most sensitive power supply
Pressure regulation is carried out, the reactive reserve of microgrid is reduced.But it is not set out the circular of sensitivity；And low pressure microgrid line parameter circuit value
In resistive, voltage is in close coupling relationship with active power, utilizes reactive power source to carry out pressure regulation, it is clear that there are unreasonable on model
Assuming that.
To sum up, existing microgrid secondary voltage control method is primarily present following both sides problem：
The voltage class of practical micro-grid system is relatively low, and circuit resistive composition be can not ignore.And existing research passes to continue to use
The droop control strategy of system, is artificially added virtual impedance, and voltage is coupled into the function of reactive power, increases voltage loss,
Reduce system stability；And mathematical model (perception) and the physical characteristic of practical micro-grid system (resistive) is caused not to be inconsistent, exist
Unreasonable hypothesis on model.
The thought for continuing Primary regulation, its work(is determined in secondary pressure regulation according to the capacity of pressure regulation unit or sagging coefficient
Rate adjustment amount.This proportional allocations, which are relatively applicable in, meets conventional thought pattern, applicable and Primary regulation；But microgrid can not be taken into account
Technical and economy, be not suitable for voltage Secondary Control.
Invention content
The present invention is directed in secondary pressure regulation and establishes the unreasonable of reactive power-voltage coupled characteristic by introducing virtual impedance
Mathematical model, according to reciprocity strategy proportional allocations DG two problems of regulation power, it is proposed that a kind of low pressure microgrid that is suitable for
Secondary voltage control strategy remains the high resistance sense ratio characteristic of low pressure microgrid in pressure regulation model, active power is parsed into mother
The function of line voltage constructs active power-voltage sensibility matrix, selects optimum DG to carry out pressure regulation according to sensitivity.?
In the case of system resource abundance, PCC busbar voltages can be accurately controlled in desired value, other busbar voltages are controlled reasonable
In range.It selects most effective DG to carry out pressure regulation in this manner, total regulation power can be reduced, improve the economy of microgrid operation
Property.
Specific technical solution is as follows：
A kind of low pressure microgrid secondary voltage control method based on sensitivity matrix, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1：Establish the mathematical model of low pressure micro-grid system；
Step 2：Carry out voltage deviation judgement：PCC busbar voltage deviations are calculated, if its busbar voltage deviation is less than threshold
Value does not start secondary voltage adjustment then；Otherwise start secondary voltage adjustment programme；
Step 3：In node voltage-active power sensitivity matrix J-1The maximum DG of middle selection sensitivity, calculates its power
Adjustment amount discreet value；
Step 4：According to the discreet value of DG power, DG capacity and other constraintss, power of the DG in secondary pressure regulation is calculated
Reference value；
Step 5：Each value and power reference is sent to DG controllers, DG controllers by the active power that itself is exported adjust to
Command value；Update current sensitivity degree matrix, repeat (2)~(4) process, PCC voltages can be restored when DG capacity abundances to
Rated value realizes non differential regulation.
Further, the power adjustment of chosen DG is：
Wherein, k is sensitivity of the DG busbar voltages to node power.
Further, the DG busbar voltages obtain the sensitivity of node power as follows：
4. the Calculation of Sensitivity of busbar voltage-active power.
By node power equilibrium response it is found that DG output powers are equal to the power and be injected into circuit that its bus load absorbs
The sum of power, i.e.,
In formula, PiFor the output power of DG, PL,iFor the load power of busbar i, PijIt is flowed into circuit for the output power of DG
The part of i-j.The power of circuit i-j can be further represented as
Pij=ViVj(Gij cosθij+Bij sinθij) (3)
In formula, Vi、VjFor the voltage magnitude of busbar i, j, θijFor phase angle difference, θ under normal circumstancesij≈0；Gij、BijFor circuit
Conductance and susceptance.The load power of node i is represented by
Wherein, the real power component of load is
Influence according to formula (2) calculate node voltage change to node injecting power, i.e.,：
Formula (3), (5) are substituted into formula (6), can be obtained
Formula (7) be applicable in any resistance sense than network, have versatility；
The high resistance sense ratio characteristic of low pressure microgrid alternating current circuit is further considered, then formula (7) can be similar to
Formula (8) is rewritten as matrix form, is had：
Above formula is active power-voltage sensibility matrix, and physical meaning is active caused by the variation of unit busbar voltage
The increment of power, which can be with Analytical Expression；
Further to J, it is inverted and can obtain busbar voltage-active power sensitivity matrix：
J-1Matrix each element is sensitivity of each busbar voltage to different DG active power of output, including PCC mothers
Sensitivity of the line voltage to DG active power.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is microgrid structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the secondary voltage control flow of the present invention；
Fig. 3 (a), Fig. 3 (b) are the simulation result of control strategy used in the present invention；
Fig. 4 (a), Fig. 4 (b) are the simulation result that secondary Regulation Control is carried out by sagging system；
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, establishing the model of studied micro-grid system.
The process considers the high resistant ratio characteristic of low pressure microgrid, is added without virtual impedance.Micro-grid system includes mainly that photovoltaic is sent out
Electric unit, accumulator and load.Photovoltaic cells are simulated with ideal voltage source, by after inverter, filter through ac cable
PCC is accessed, such as DG1~DG3 in figure.Accumulator accesses PCC through DC/AC converters, ac cable.And for load, then it needs
According to the position of load, property and requirement to power quality effectively divide and access different busbares, in reducing and run
The pressure of voltage adjustment.The general load access distance closer DG unit ac bus insensitive to voltage fluctuation.Sensitivity is negative
Lotus (L5 in figure) is higher to voltage control accuracy requirement, accesses PCC busbares.Load, the voltage of DG are accessed in this manner
Limiter can, in valid interval, the voltage of general load can automatically derive control, micro-grid system by busbar voltage control where it
Additional voltage control measure need not be taken.The voltage adjustment center of gravity of system is just fallen on the PCC with sensitive load.
2. carrying out busbar voltage judgement.
PCC busbar voltage deviations are calculated, if voltage deviation is less than threshold value, do not start secondary voltage adjustment；Otherwise
Start secondary voltage adjustment programme.
3. selecting most effective DG in secondary adjustment carries out pressure regulation.
The foundation of selection is judged according to the sensitivity of busbar voltage-active power.If the value is bigger, explanation
Can smaller regulation power obtain larger voltage-regulation amount, it should consider that the such DG of selection carries out secondary pressure regulation first.
The power adjustment of chosen DG is：
Wherein, k is sensitivity of the DG busbar voltages to node power.It is this to calculate power adjustment using sensitivity analysis
Method it is intuitive, quick, key is the calculating of node voltage-active power sensitivity.
4. the Calculation of Sensitivity of busbar voltage-active power.
DG active power of output can not directly parse the sensitivity of each busbar voltage, and existing method cannot solve this at present
One problem.Therefore present invention construction and calculate node voltage-active power sensitivity matrix first, then by inverse being obtained to it
Sensitivity matrix of the active power to each busbar voltage is obtained, each element in inverse matrix is the spirit of busbar voltage-active power
Sensitivity.
By node power equilibrium response it is found that DG output powers are equal to the power and be injected into circuit that its bus load absorbs
The sum of power, i.e.,
In formula, PiFor the output power of DG, PL,iFor the load power of busbar i, PijIt is flowed into circuit for the output power of DG
The part of i-j.The power of circuit i-j can be further represented as
Pij=ViVj(Gij cosθij+Bij sinθij) (3)
In formula, Vi、VjFor the voltage magnitude of busbar i, j, θijFor phase angle difference, θ under normal circumstancesij≈0；Gij、BijFor circuit
Conductance and susceptance.The load power of node i is represented by
Wherein, the real power component of load is
Influence according to formula (2) calculate node voltage change to node injecting power, i.e.,：
Formula (3), (5) are substituted into formula (6), can be obtained
Formula (7) be applicable in any resistance sense than network, have versatility.If further considering low pressure microgrid alternating current circuit
High resistance sense ratio characteristic, then formula (7) can be similar to
Formula (8) is rewritten as matrix form, is had：
Above formula is active power-voltage sensibility matrix, and physical meaning is active caused by the variation of unit busbar voltage
The increment of power, which can be with Analytical Expression.
Further to J, it is inverted and can obtain busbar voltage-active power sensitivity matrix：
J-1Matrix each element is sensitivity of each busbar voltage to different DG active power of output, including PCC mothers
Sensitivity of the line voltage to DG active power.
5. power discreet value calculates：
The maximum DG of sensitivity is selected, DG power adjustment discreet values are calculated according to formula (1).
6. value and power reference calculates
It is verified according to the discreet value of DG power and the upper and lower limit constraint of DG actual capacities, busbar voltage.If in power
Estimating does not have out-of-limit situation under state of value, then as the reference value of DG regulation powers；Otherwise, discreet value is corrected, until being
System is happened without out-of-limit, using new revised performance number as the DG value and power references for participating in secondary pressure regulation.
7. value and power reference is sent to chosen DG controllers, it is after DG controllers receive secondary pressure regulation instruction, its is defeated
The active power gone out is adjusted to reference value.2.-process 6. is repeated, gradually DG is selected to carry out power adjustment, until PCC voltages reach
To desired value.
Secondary voltage adjustment is carried out by taking the micro-grid system of Fig. 1 as an example, illustrates the effect of this method.
When initial launch, system loading is larger, and accumulator is in discharge condition, and Isobarically Control is used as main control unit,
Voltage maintains 380V.DG1, DG2, DG3 be used as from control unit use constant dc power control, it is active output be respectively 100kW,
90kW,60kW.PCC voltages be 379V, excess-three DG busbar voltages within allowable range (5%), as in Fig. 3 1s it
Before.(subscript 5 indicates that PCC busbares, the voltage of DG4 do not change therefore do not drawn in figure in figure).If PCC busbar voltages permit
Perhaps irrelevance is 1%UN, i.e. ε=3.8V.
Load L5 fades to 1.2 Ω by 2 Ω when 1s, and active power shortage occurs for microgrid, and system starts a pressure regulation first.It stores
Battery maintains output power due to that can stablize busbar voltage using Isobarically Control in 380V, the DG of excess-three constant dc power control
It is constant.Each busbar voltage is declined in addition to bus of storage battery, and PCC voltages drop to 373.7V, is more than ε.Start two when 3s
Secondary voltage adjustment programme.As a result as shown in Fig. 3.Under same service condition, sagging coefficient is used to determine by existing research
The method of regulation power carries out pressure regulation, and as a result as shown in Fig. 4, the DG regulation powers under two methods are as shown in table 1.
The method of 1 present invention of table is compared with existing methods
It can be found that in the case of system reserve abundance, two methods can preferably control PCC busbar voltages, but
Three DG are acted simultaneously in the method for power-sharing, and power regulation amount is respectively 17.8kW, 18.9kW, 15.4kW, always adjusts work(
Rate is 52.1kW.And carried sensitivity method only has DG3 actions, regulation power 44.8kW to reduce 14% resource herein
Calling rate.From the point of view of macroscopic view, whole regulation powers all certainly will most save resource with the maximum DG of sensitivity to undertake, except this it
Outer selection is not preferred plan.Therefore secondary voltage control, voltage regulation result meeting are carried out using the method choice DG of sensitivity
More preferably.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of low pressure microgrid secondary voltage control method based on sensitivity matrix, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1：Establish the mathematical model of low pressure micro-grid system；
Step 2：Carry out voltage deviation judgement：PCC busbar voltage deviations are calculated, if its busbar voltage deviation is less than threshold value,
Secondary voltage adjustment is not started then；Otherwise start secondary voltage adjustment programme；
Step 3：In node voltage-active power sensitivity matrix J-1The maximum DG of middle selection sensitivity, calculates its power adjustment
Measure discreet value；
Step 4：According to the discreet value of DG power, DG capacity and other constraintss, power references of the DG in secondary pressure regulation is calculated
Value；
Step 5：Each value and power reference is sent to DG controllers, DG controllers adjust the active power that itself is exported to instruction
Value；Current sensitivity degree matrix is updated, the process of (2)~(4) is repeated, PCC voltages can be restored to specified when DG capacity abundances
Value realizes non differential regulation.
2. the low pressure microgrid secondary voltage control method based on sensitivity matrix as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
The power adjustment of chosen DG is：
Wherein, k is sensitivity of the DG busbar voltages to node power.
3. the low pressure microgrid secondary voltage control method based on sensitivity matrix as claimed in claim, which is characterized in that
The DG busbar voltages obtain the sensitivity of node power as follows：
4. the Calculation of Sensitivity of busbar voltage-active power.
By node power equilibrium response it is found that DG output powers are equal to the power and be injected into line power that its bus load absorbs
The sum of, i.e.,
In formula, PiFor the output power of DG, PL,iFor the load power of busbar i, PijIt is flowed into circuit i-j for the output power of DG
Part.The power of circuit i-j can be further represented as
Pij=ViVj(Gij cosθij+Bij sinθij) (3)
In formula, Vi、VjFor the voltage magnitude of busbar i, j, θijFor phase angle difference, θ under normal circumstancesij≈0；Gij、BijFor line conductance
And susceptance.The load power of node i is represented by
Wherein, the real power component of load is
Influence according to formula (2) calculate node voltage change to node injecting power, i.e.,：
Formula (3), (5) are substituted into formula (6), can be obtained
Formula (7) be applicable in any resistance sense than network, have versatility；
The high resistance sense ratio characteristic of low pressure microgrid alternating current circuit is further considered, then formula (7) can be similar to
Formula (8) is rewritten as matrix form, is had：
Above formula is active power-voltage sensibility matrix, and physical meaning is active power caused by the variation of unit busbar voltage
Increment, which can be with Analytical Expression；
To J, it, which is inverted, can obtain busbar voltage-active power sensitivity matrix：
J-1Matrix each element is sensitivity of each busbar voltage to different DG active power of output, including PCC busbar electricity
Press the sensitivity to DG active power.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110729713A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2020-01-24 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Secondary voltage adjusting method suitable for direct-current microgrid |
| CN111740448A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-10-02 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Low-voltage microgrid secondary voltage control method suitable for master-slave control mode |
| CN111864797A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-10-30 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Island microgrid secondary voltage adjusting method based on two-dimensional control |
| CN113794204A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-12-14 | 西安交通大学 | Voltage stability analysis method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| FR3116394A1 (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2022-05-20 | Electricite De France | Microgrid voltage control device and method |
| WO2023274428A3 (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2023-02-16 | 国网新疆电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Power distribution method for photovoltaic power storage station group to participate in power grid stability control |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110729713A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2020-01-24 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Secondary voltage adjusting method suitable for direct-current microgrid |
| CN110729713B (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2021-05-18 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Secondary voltage adjusting method suitable for direct-current microgrid |
| CN111740448A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-10-02 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Low-voltage microgrid secondary voltage control method suitable for master-slave control mode |
| CN111740448B (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2021-11-09 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Low-voltage microgrid secondary voltage control method suitable for master-slave control mode |
| CN111864797A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-10-30 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Island microgrid secondary voltage adjusting method based on two-dimensional control |
| FR3116394A1 (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2022-05-20 | Electricite De France | Microgrid voltage control device and method |
| WO2022106782A1 (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2022-05-27 | Electricite De France | Device and method for controlling the voltage of microgrids |
| EP4322362A3 (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2024-04-10 | Electricité de France | Device and method for controlling the voltage of microgrids |
| CN113794204A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-12-14 | 西安交通大学 | Voltage stability analysis method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN113794204B (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2024-03-26 | 西安交通大学 | Voltage stability analysis method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| WO2023274428A3 (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2023-02-16 | 国网新疆电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Power distribution method for photovoltaic power storage station group to participate in power grid stability control |
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