CN103138269B - Layered and distributed network voltage regulator control system and method based on active mechanism - Google Patents
Layered and distributed network voltage regulator control system and method based on active mechanism Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a layered and distributed network voltage regulator control system based on an active mechanism. The layered and distributed network voltage regulator control system based on the active mechanism comprises a reactive voltage controller which faces a single branch, a coordination voltage controller which faces a local area and an initiative power distribution network voltage management subsystem which faces a whole power distribution network. The initiative power distribution network voltage control subsystem determines a voltage control indicator according to a distribution condition of power distribution network active power. When a voltage is beyond a certain limit, the reactive voltage controller locally regulates the voltage which is beyond the certain limit. When the regulation fails, the coordination voltage controller is regulated on the basis of overall considering voltage fluctuations and a batch-type energy source grid connecting and grid separating plan, and voltage beyond limit recover based on the active mechanism is achieved through the coordination of the reactive voltage controller and the coordination voltage controller. Meanwhile, the invention further provides a regulating method which corresponds to the layered and distributed network voltage regulator control system based on the active mechanism. The layered and distributed network voltage regulator control system based on the active mechanism and the regulating method which corresponds to the layered and distributed network voltage regulator control system based on the active mechanism achieve active control of the beyond limit voltage of the power distribution network on the premise of meeting power distribution network constraint conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent power grid voltage control, in particular to a layered distributed power distribution network voltage regulation and control system and method based on an active mechanism.
Background
In recent years, with the access of Distributed Energy Resources (DER), especially new Renewable Energy Resources (RES) such as wind Energy, solar Energy, etc., the traditional radial distribution network with unidirectional flowing trend starts to gradually change into a complex network with bidirectional flowing trend. In view of the current situation, the technical committee WG C6.19-WG C6.22 working group of the international large grid Council (CIGRE) power distribution and distributed power generation (C6) proposed the concept of active distribution systems. The active power distribution network is a system consisting of a micro power supply, a load, an energy storage system and a control device, represents a single controllable unit for a large power grid, and can realize high-reliability supply of various energy forms.
At present, the following two methods mainly exist for the voltage control technology of the active power distribution network:
(1) the voltage control based on the 'trigger type' is characterized in that according to a real-time acquired value, a preset control flow is directly triggered to adjust through the setting of a dead zone and a threshold value;
(2) based on the voltage control of integral coordination, the control strategy is to uniformly output the action modes of all control equipment through a certain algorithm according to the values acquired in real time and considering the characteristics of a network structure and the like, and then to issue a control instruction.
However, both technologies at present have considerable constraints, and the "triggered" voltage control strategy has the significant advantages of high action speed and low consumption of resources, but the dead zone range is difficult to select. The device is repeatedly vibrated due to the overhigh sensitivity, the dead zone range is set to be overlarge, partial voltage out-of-limit and other conditions cannot be responded in time, and the triggering type voltage control strategy core thought is still passive and cannot be adapted to the characteristic of active mechanism-based optimal control of an active power distribution network. However, the control strategy based on the overall coordination needs to control the whole power grid, so that a large amount of data such as network topology information, real-time voltage values of nodes, Distributed Generation (DG), current states and adjustable ranges of a capacitor and an on-load tap changer (OLTC) tap are required to be supported, which results in an excessively large amount of calculation and difficulty in meeting the real-time requirement. Meanwhile, the controllable elements in the active power distribution network are far more than those in the traditional power distribution network, wherein the DG and the reactive compensation (SVC) are continuously changed, and the states of the capacitor and the OLTC are discrete, so that the overall coordination control problem is a very complex mixed integer programming problem, which brings great difficulty to the selection of the algorithm.
Therefore, there is a need for improved methods and systems for voltage regulation of distributed power distribution networks.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a layered distributed power distribution network voltage regulation and control system and method based on an active mechanism so as to optimize the overall coordination control on the voltage of an active power distribution network.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a hierarchical distributed distribution network voltage regulation and control system based on an active mechanism, which includes: the system comprises a reactive voltage controller, a coordinated voltage controller and an active power distribution network voltage management subsystem, wherein the reactive voltage controller faces to a single branch in the power distribution network, the coordinated voltage controller faces to a local area comprising a plurality of branches in the power distribution network, and the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem faces to the whole power distribution network; wherein,
the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem is used for calculating a voltage control index according to the current active power and network topology of the power distribution network and interacting the voltage control index with the reactive voltage controller;
the reactive voltage controller is used for carrying out local control and regulation on the voltage when the voltage is out of limit and the peak voltage value of the branch circuit is within the voltage control index range, so that the voltage values of all nodes of the branch circuit are within the required range; if the branch top voltage value is not within the voltage control index range, an assistance control instruction is sent to the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem;
the coordinated voltage controller is used for completing voltage coordinated control by matching with the reactive voltage controller when the peak voltage value of the branch circuit is not in the voltage control index range, so that the voltage values of all nodes of all branch circuits of the power distribution network are in the required range; and the voltage adjustment value of the coordination voltage controller is calculated by the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem and is issued to the coordination voltage controller.
Preferably, the reactive voltage controller performs local control and regulation on the voltage through a first controllable unit.
Preferably, the first controllable unit is a reactive unit.
Preferably, the first controllable unit comprises a distributed power generation unit, a reactive compensation device and a controllable load.
Preferably, the coordinated voltage controller completes voltage coordinated control through a second controllable unit.
Preferably, the second controllable unit is a variable transformer, and the adjustment of the tap of the variable transformer affects only the voltage values of all the branches under the second controllable unit without affecting the reactive value thereof.
Preferably, the voltage adjustment value of the coordinated voltage controller is calculated by the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem based on an active mechanism algorithm, and a proper adjustment value is selected by predicting voltage fluctuation and comprehensively considering an intermittent energy grid connection and grid disconnection plan, so that voltage optimization control of the whole power distribution network is realized.
Meanwhile, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a hierarchical distributed distribution network voltage regulation and control method based on an active mechanism, which utilizes the hierarchical distributed distribution network voltage regulation and control system based on the active mechanism to regulate and control the voltage of the power grid, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1): the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem calculates a voltage control index according to the current active power and network topology of the power distribution network and interacts with the reactive voltage controller to obtain the voltage control index;
step 2): when the voltage is out of limit, if the peak voltage value of the branch circuit is within the voltage control index range, the reactive voltage controller performs local control and regulation on the voltage to enable the voltage values of all nodes of the branch circuit to be within the required range; if the branch top voltage value is not within the voltage control index range, turning to step 3);
step 3): and the reactive voltage controller sends an assistance control instruction to the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem, and the coordination voltage controller performs voltage coordination control to enable all node voltage values of all branches of the power distribution network to be within a required range.
Preferably, the step 3) specifically includes the following steps:
step 31): the reactive power voltage controller sends an assistance control instruction to the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem, and the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem calculates a voltage adjustment value of the coordination voltage controller and sends the voltage adjustment value to the coordination voltage controller;
step 32): the coordination voltage controller controls and regulates the branch voltage according to the voltage regulation value, so that the peak voltage values of all the branches are within the voltage control index range; if the voltage values of all nodes of all branches of the power distribution network are within the required range after the step is finished, finishing the adjustment; if partial branch voltage in the power distribution network is out of limit after the step is finished, the step is shifted to step 33);
step 33): the reactive voltage controller carries out local control and regulation on the voltage, so that the voltage values of all nodes of the branch circuit are within a required range.
Preferably, the reactive voltage controller performs local control and regulation on the voltage through a first controllable unit.
Preferably, the first controllable unit is a reactive unit.
Preferably, the first controllable unit comprises a distributed power generation unit, a reactive compensation device and a controllable load.
Preferably, the coordinated voltage controller completes voltage coordinated control through a second controllable unit.
Preferably, the second controllable unit is a variable transformer, and the adjustment of the tap of the variable transformer affects only the voltage values of all the branches under the second controllable unit without affecting the reactive value thereof.
Preferably, the voltage adjustment value of the coordinated voltage controller is calculated by the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem based on an active mechanism algorithm, and a proper adjustment value is selected by predicting voltage fluctuation and comprehensively considering an intermittent energy grid connection and grid disconnection plan, so that voltage optimization control of the whole power distribution network is realized.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
1) the controllable resources of the power distribution network are comprehensively utilized, compared with a traditional 'trigger type' voltage control mode, dead zone selection is avoided, the sensitivity is high, and meanwhile, the equipment cannot be subjected to repeated oscillation adjustment;
2) the method performs voltage out-of-limit recovery in a multi-level hierarchical mode, and compared with the traditional control strategy based on integral coordination, the method avoids huge calculation amount for performing voltage recovery on the whole power grid, can ensure rapid voltage recovery, and effectively increases the management range;
3) the method adopts an algorithm based on an active mechanism to realize active identification of voltage fluctuation and active adaptation to intermittent energy grid connection and grid disconnection, and realizes active power distribution network voltage optimization control based on the active mechanism;
4) according to the invention, the voltage management subsystem of the active power distribution network, the reactive voltage controller and the coordination voltage controller are interacted, so that the voltage out-of-limit recovery mode is more flexible, and when the power distribution network is expanded for the second time, only the reactive voltage controller needs to be added, so that the management range is expanded more conveniently.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a layered distributed distribution network voltage regulation and control system based on an active mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the power distribution network of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a voltage regulation method for a layered distributed power distribution network based on an active mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes the system and method for regulating and controlling the voltage of a hierarchical distributed power distribution network based on an active mechanism in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and from the claims. It is noted that the drawings are in greatly simplified form and that non-precision ratios are used for convenience and clarity only to aid in the description of the embodiments of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, as shown in fig. 1 to 2, a layered distributed distribution network voltage regulation and control system based on an active mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the system comprises a reactive voltage controller 2, a coordination voltage controller 3 and an active power distribution network voltage management subsystem 1, wherein the reactive voltage controller 2 faces to a single branch in the power distribution network, the coordination voltage controller 3 faces to a local area including a plurality of branches in the power distribution network, the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem 1 faces to the whole power distribution network, mutual information interaction can be carried out between the reactive voltage controller 2 and the coordination voltage controller 3 and the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem 1, and a bidirectional arrow in fig. 2 represents mutual information interaction. The reactive voltage controller 2, the coordination voltage controller 3 and the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem 1 work cooperatively, and the active power distribution network voltage out-of-limit recovery is completed hierarchically on the power distribution network level. Wherein:
the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem 1 is used for calculating a voltage control index 4 according to the current active power and network topology of the power distribution network and interacting the voltage control index 4 with the reactive voltage controller 2;
the reactive voltage controller 2 is used for carrying out local control and regulation on the voltage when the voltage is out of limit and the voltage value of the top point of the branch circuit is within the range of a voltage control index 4, so that the voltage values of all nodes of the branch circuit are within the required range; specifically, the reactive voltage controller 2 performs local control and regulation on the voltage through a first controllable unit; preferably, the first controllable unit is a reactive unit; preferably, the first controllable unit may be a distributed power generation unit or a reactive compensation device or a controllable load or the like. If the branch top voltage value is not within the range of the voltage control index 4, an assistance control instruction is sent to the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem 1;
the coordinated voltage controller 3 is used for completing voltage coordinated control by matching with the reactive voltage controller 2 when the peak voltage value of the branch circuit is not within the range of the voltage control index 4, so that the voltage values of all nodes of all branch circuits of the power distribution network are within the required range; the voltage adjustment value of the coordination voltage controller 3 is calculated by the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem 1 and is sent to the coordination voltage controller 3. Specifically, the coordination voltage controller 3 sends adjustable information to the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem 1, the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem 1 integrates the voltage control index 4 and the adjustable information, calculation is carried out based on an active mechanism algorithm, and a proper adjustment value is selected by predicting voltage fluctuation and comprehensively considering an intermittent energy grid connection and grid disconnection plan, so that voltage optimization control of the whole power distribution network is realized.
The coordination voltage controller 3 completes voltage coordination control through a second controllable unit; preferably, the second controllable unit is an adjustable transformer 21, as shown in fig. 2; the adjustment of the tap of the adjustable transformer 21 only affects the voltage values of all the branches located under the second controllable unit and not its reactive value.
From the above description it can be seen that: the reactive voltage controller 2 provided by the invention carries out comprehensive scheduling management on the power generation units such as local reactive compensation equipment and distributed power generation equipment with adjustable power factors, realizes the on-site quick recovery of voltage out-of-limit, and requests upper-layer assistance control if the voltage deviation is overlarge; the coordinated voltage controller 3 affects the voltages of all nodes under the branch where the coordinated voltage controller is located, and when the reactive voltage controller 2 cannot complete voltage out-of-limit adjustment, the coordinated voltage controller 3 is matched with the reactive voltage controller 2 to complete voltage recovery; the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem 1 is used for calculating a voltage control index 4 and a voltage adjustment value of the coordination voltage controller 3.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a flowchart of a voltage regulation method for a layered distributed power distribution network based on an active mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, the voltage regulation method for a layered distributed power distribution network based on an active mechanism according to the present invention includes the following steps:
s1: the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem calculates a voltage control index according to the current active power and network topology of the power distribution network and interacts the voltage control index with the reactive voltage controller;
wherein, the voltage control index is: when the branch top voltage is in the voltage control index range, the off-limit recovery of the local voltage can be carried out through the reactive voltage controller, and when the branch top voltage exceeds the voltage control index, the voltage recovery can not be carried out through the reactive voltage controller. Specifically, the voltage control index can be obtained through power flow calculation iteration, and the value is independent of the input condition of each reactive device at the moment.
S2: when the voltage is out of limit, judging whether the peak voltage value of the branch is in a voltage control index range, if so, carrying out local control and regulation on the voltage by the reactive voltage controller so as to enable the voltage values of all nodes of the branch to be in a required range;
in particular, the reactive voltage controller may perform the local voltage control regulation by comprehensively scheduling the first controllable units within the present branch, i.e. distributed generation units, reactive compensation devices (SVC, capacitors), controllable loads, etc.
If the peak voltage value of the branch is not within the voltage control index range, the reactive voltage controller sends an assistance control instruction to the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem to request the coordination voltage controller to assist in completing voltage out-of-limit recovery; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s31: the reactive power voltage controller sends an assistance control instruction to the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem, the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem synthesizes adjustable information of voltage control indexes and interaction of a coordination voltage controller, carries out calculation based on an active mechanism algorithm, selects a proper voltage adjustment value by predicting voltage fluctuation and comprehensively considering an intermittent energy grid connection and grid disconnection plan at the same time, and sends the voltage adjustment value to the coordination voltage controller; the adjustment value can meet the condition that after the coordination voltage controller is adjusted according to the adjustment value, the vertex voltage values of all the branches are within the voltage control index range;
s32: the coordinated voltage controller controls and adjusts the branch voltage according to the voltage adjusting value, and particularly, the tap joint of the transformer can be adjusted by controlling the corresponding second controllable unit, so that the peak voltage values of all the branches are within the voltage control index range, wherein the adjustment of the tap joint of the adjustable transformer only affects the voltage values of all the branches under the second controllable unit and does not affect the reactive value of the branches; after the step is finished, judging the voltage out-of-limit, if the voltage values of all nodes of all branches of the power distribution network are within the required range after the step is finished, finishing the adjustment, and realizing the full-power-network voltage out-of-limit recovery; if partial branch voltage in the power distribution network is out-of-limit after the step is finished, the step 2) is shifted to the step of carrying out local control and regulation on the voltage by the reactive voltage controller, so that the voltage values of all nodes of the branch are in the required range, and the full-network voltage out-of-limit recovery is realized.
In conclusion, the voltage out-of-limit recovery method has the advantages that the voltage out-of-limit is recovered in the power distribution network through the multi-level layered control framework; the method is characterized in that a hierarchical distributed multi-level coordination control represented by a reactive voltage controller and a coordination voltage controller, which takes an active power distribution network voltage management subsystem as a core, is formed, and all controllable units such as distributed power generation, a reactive compensation device, a controllable load and an adjustable transformer which are connected into a power distribution network are comprehensively utilized, so that hierarchical distributed voltage out-of-limit recovery based on an active mechanism is realized.
The above-described embodiments are merely exemplary for convenience in explanation, and the claimed invention is not limited to the embodiments, but only by the claims.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (15)
1. The utility model provides a layering distributed distribution network voltage regulation and control system based on initiative mechanism which characterized in that includes: the system comprises a reactive voltage controller, a coordinated voltage controller and an active power distribution network voltage management subsystem, wherein the reactive voltage controller faces to a single branch in the power distribution network, the coordinated voltage controller faces to a local area comprising a plurality of branches in the power distribution network, and the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem faces to the whole power distribution network; wherein,
the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem is used for calculating a voltage control index according to the current active power and network topology of the power distribution network and interacting the voltage control index with the reactive voltage controller;
the reactive voltage controller is used for carrying out local control and regulation on the voltage when the voltage is out of limit and the peak voltage value of the branch circuit is within the voltage control index range, so that the voltage values of all nodes of the branch circuit are within the required range; if the branch top voltage value is not within the voltage control index range, an assistance control instruction is sent to the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem;
the coordinated voltage controller is used for completing voltage coordinated control by matching with the reactive voltage controller when the peak voltage value of the branch circuit is not in the voltage control index range, so that the voltage values of all nodes of all branch circuits of the power distribution network are in the required range; and the voltage adjustment value of the coordination voltage controller is calculated by the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem and is issued to the coordination voltage controller.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the reactive voltage controller performs local control and regulation of voltage via a first controllable unit.
3. The active mechanism-based hierarchical distributed power distribution network voltage regulation system of claim 2 wherein the first controllable unit is a reactive unit.
4. The active mechanism-based layered distributed power distribution network voltage regulation system of claim 3 wherein the first controllable unit comprises a distributed power generation unit, a reactive compensation device, and a controllable load.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the coordinated voltage controller performs voltage coordination control via a second controllable unit.
6. The system according to claim 5, wherein the second controllable unit is a variable transformer, and the adjustment of the tap of the variable transformer affects only the voltage values of all the branches under the second controllable unit without affecting the reactive value thereof.
7. The active mechanism-based hierarchical distributed power distribution network voltage regulation and control system according to claim 1, wherein the voltage adjustment value of the coordinated voltage controller is calculated by the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem based on an active mechanism algorithm, and the voltage optimization control of the whole power distribution network is realized by predicting voltage fluctuation and selecting a proper adjustment value by comprehensively considering an intermittent energy grid connection and grid disconnection plan.
8. A layered distribution network voltage regulation and control method based on an active mechanism, which utilizes the layered distribution network voltage regulation and control system based on the active mechanism as claimed in claim 1 to regulate and control the network voltage, and is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
step 1): the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem calculates a voltage control index according to the current active power and network topology of the power distribution network and interacts with the reactive voltage controller to obtain the voltage control index;
step 2): when the voltage is out of limit, if the peak voltage value of the branch circuit is within the voltage control index range, the reactive voltage controller performs local control and regulation on the voltage to enable the voltage values of all nodes of the branch circuit to be within the required range; if the branch top voltage value is not within the voltage control index range, turning to step 3);
step 3): and the reactive voltage controller sends an assistance control instruction to the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem, and the coordination voltage controller performs voltage coordination control to enable all node voltage values of all branches of the power distribution network to be within a required range.
9. The method for regulating and controlling the voltage of the layered and distributed power distribution network based on the active mechanism according to claim 8, wherein the step 3) specifically comprises the following steps:
step 31): the reactive power voltage controller sends an assistance control instruction to the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem, and the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem calculates a voltage adjustment value of the coordination voltage controller and sends the voltage adjustment value to the coordination voltage controller;
step 32): the coordination voltage controller controls and regulates the branch voltage according to the voltage regulation value, so that the peak voltage values of all the branches are within the voltage control index range; if the voltage values of all nodes of all branches of the power distribution network are within the required range after the step is finished, finishing the adjustment; if partial branch voltage in the power distribution network is out of limit after the step is finished, the step is shifted to step 33);
step 33): the reactive voltage controller carries out local control and regulation on the voltage, so that the voltage values of all nodes of the branch circuit are within a required range.
10. The method according to claim 8, wherein the reactive voltage controller performs local control and regulation of the voltage through a first controllable unit.
11. The method for regulating and controlling voltage of the layered distribution network based on the active mechanism as claimed in claim 10, wherein the first controllable unit is a reactive unit.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the first controllable unit comprises a distributed power generation unit, a reactive compensation device, and a controllable load.
13. The method according to claim 8, wherein the coordinated voltage controller performs voltage coordination control via a second controllable unit.
14. The method according to claim 13, wherein the second controllable unit is an adjustable transformer, and the adjustment of the tap of the adjustable transformer affects only the voltage values of all the branches under the second controllable unit without affecting the reactive value thereof.
15. The active mechanism-based voltage regulation and control method for the layered and distributed power distribution network according to claim 9, wherein the voltage regulation value of the coordinated voltage controller is calculated by the active power distribution network voltage management subsystem based on an active mechanism algorithm, and the voltage optimization control of the whole power distribution network is realized by predicting voltage fluctuation and selecting a proper regulation value by comprehensively considering an intermittent energy grid connection and grid disconnection plan.
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